xt70vt1gms9d https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt70vt1gms9d/data/mets.xml Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station  Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station 2005 journals  English College of Agriculture, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky  Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station  The Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station 117th Annual Report 2005, June 30, 2006 text 2009ua018 The Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station 117th Annual Report 2005, June 30, 2006 2005 2005 2022 true xt70vt1gms9d section xt70vt1gms9d AR—llB

"KAGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY—COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE

The Kentucky
Agricultural Experiment Station

118th

 

 

Annual Report
2005

UK

UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY
College of Agriculture

 

University of Kentucky 0 Lexington, Kentucky 40546

 

  

 

  

 

 

 

To His Excellency,
The Honorable Ernie Fletcher
Governor of Kentucky

I herewith submit the one hundred and eighteenth annual report of the Kentucky Agricultural
Experiment Station for the period ending December 31, 2005. This is done in accordance with
an act of Congress, approved March 2, 1887, titled “An act to establish Agricultural Experiment
Stations, in connection with the Agricultural Colleges established in the several states under the
provisions of an act approved July 2, 1862, and under the acts supplementary thereto," and also
the act of Kentucky State Legislature, approved February 20, 1888, accepting the provisions of
the act of Congress. »

Very respectfully,
W 7771 Q%

Nancy M. Cox, Associate Dean for Research
Director, Agricultural Experiment Station
Lexington, Kentucky

June 30, 2006

 

  Contents

 

Purpose of the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station ....................................... 7
Statewide Research ..................................................................................................... 7
Livestock Disease Diagnostic Center ......................................................................... 8
Regulatory Services ................................................................................................... 12
Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center .......................................... 16
Tracy Farmer Center for the Environment ............................................................... 18
Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station Projects ............................................... 20
Collegewide Extramural Funding ............................................................................. 22
Intellectual Pr0perty ................................................................................................. 27
Publications .................. 29
Graduate Degrees ...................................................................................................... 44
Financial Statement ..................................................................................... ' ............. 46
Staff ........................................................................................................................... 47
Departments .............................................................................................................. 48

Experiment Station Affiliated Departments and Centers
Agricultural Economics

Animal and Food Sciences
Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering.
Community and Leadership DeveIOpment

Entomology
Family Studies
Forestry
Horticulture
Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center
Landscape Architecture
Livestock Disease and Diagnostic Center
Merchandising, Apparel, and Textiles
Nutrition and Food Science
Plant and Soil Sciences (formerly Agronomy)
Plant Pathology
Regulatory Services
Robinson Station
Tracy Farmer Center for the Environment
USDA—Agricultural Research Service-Forage Animal Production Research Unit
Veterinary Science
West Kentucky Substation

 

  Purpose of the Kentucky
Agricultural Experiment Station

 

As a land—grant institution, the University of Kentucky
is responsible for serving the people of the Commonwealth
of Kentucky. The College of Agriculture, with its research,
teaching, and extension activities, has developed a structure
and organization to provide the mandated landvgrant services
in agriculture and related areas.

The Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station has been
providing research results to farmers and rural residents for
more than 100 years. The continued advancement of Kentucky
agriculture attests to the benefits of applying new knowledge and
technology. Much of the research leading to increased quantity
and improved quality of Kentucky’s agricultural output was
performed by the Experiment Station. College researchers also
have successfully addressed problems of agribusiness, consume
ers, international trade, food processing, nutrition, community
development, soil and water resources, and the environment.

Although much Experiment Station research has immediate
application to agricultural and natural resource—related prob—
lems, scientists are also involved in basic research, generating
new information to help solve present and potential problems.
The ability of Kentucky producers to be competitive in domestic
and world markets requires an expanded base of knowledge in
emerging areas of research applicable to agriculture, food, and
natural resources.

This Annual Report lists Experiment Station research proj’
ects and publications completed during 2005. A personnel list
is also provided.

The research programs of the Kentucky Agricultural Experi—
ment Station have benefited Kentucky’s agriculture over the
past century, and the results of present and future research will
continue to serve Kentucky’s primary industry.

Statewide Research

 

Research activities of the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment .

Station were conducted at Lexington, Princeton, Quicksand,
and Owenton and in counties throughout the state in 2005.

Efforts are constantly made to ensure that the research studies
have application to the problems of all Kentucky farmers and
other clientele groups. Locations of the experimental facili—
ties provide conditions representative of most sections of the
state.

Map Position 1

° Campus—Laboratories and specialized equipment for all
research program areas.

0 Coldstream—Maine Chance—Spindletop Farms—Beef and
dairy cattle, poultry, horses, sheep, and swine; forages and
grain crops, tobacco, and turf.

0 South Farm—Fruits, vegetables, and ornamentals, including
organic production.

' UK Animal Research Center (Woodford County)——This farm
was purchased in late 1991 as a location for development of
staterofathe—art food animal research programs.

Map Position 2

0 At Princeton (Caldwell County), the Research and Education
Center facilities and the West Kentucky Substation Farm are
devoted to research on grain crops, beef cattle, swine, fruits
and vegetables, forages, and tobacco.

 

 

Map Position 3

0 At Quicksand (Breathitt County), the Robinson Station is the
location of research on fruits and vegetables, ornamentals,
forages, grain crops, tobacco, and wood utilization. Quicksand
is also the headquarters of Robinson Forest, which spreads
over parts of Breathitt, Perry, and Knott counties and is the
site of forestry and watershed management research.

Map Position 4

0 At the Eden Shale Farm, located in Owen County near
Owenton, experimental and demonstration studies are con‘
ducted on forage crops, tobacco, fruits and vegetables, and
beef management.

 

  

Livestock Disease Diagnostic Center

 

The Livestock Disease Diagnostic Center is charged with the
diagnoses of animal diseases and perfonnance of tests that safeguard
the health of the animal population in Kentucky. The Livestock
Disease Diagnostic Center helps identify infectious diseases, iden—
tifies chemical and toxic contaminants that may harm animals
or humans, diagnoses nutritional diseases, identifies regulatory
diseases, provides the means to meet export sales requirements,
and provides an early warning system for impending epidemics.

The objective of the program is to provide veterinary diag—
nostic laboratoryvbased assistance to veterinary practitioners,
farmers and agribusinesses, companion animal owners, wildlife
specialists, and public programs. Also, laboratory support is
provided to the animal disease control and eradication programs
of the Animal Health Programs, Kentucky Department of Ag
riculture. An outcome of handling complex and difficult cases
is consultation and continuing education for veterinarians in
veterinary diagnostic medicine.

The program provides surveillance for emerging and endemic
diseases such as West Nile virus (WNV) infection and for possible
threats to Kentucky agribusiness such as foot and mouth disease.
Also, for more than 17 years prior to the introduction of the USDA’s
National Surveillance Program, a stringent program to monitor for
bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), also known as mad cow
disease, has been in place. LDDC routinely submits data as well as
specimens to the USDA’s National Surveillance Program.

Animal owners use the Livestock Disease Diagnostic Center’s
services through their veterinarians who have expertise in select—
ing, preparing, shipping, and submitting the proper specimens
for testing when necessary. When reporting its findings, the
laboratory will involve the submitter’s veterinarian since this
professional often is in the best position to recommend and
administer treatment and preventative measures.

Professional and technical staff are specialists in essential
scientific disciplines directly related to animal health. Disease
diagnostic efforts are coordinated and handled by specialists in
the appropriate disciplines. The Livestock Disease Diagnostic
Center is organized into sections so that specialized workload/
activities can be handled efficiently.

Highlights:

Faculty and staff continue to participate in the mare repro—
ductive loss syndrome (MRLS) diagnostic and investigational
efforts. The number of equine abortion accessions of all breeds
are posted on a weekly basis for the winter and spring on the
College of Agriculture Department of Veterinary Science Web
site. This weekly posting of abortion accessions was done to
help the equine industry manage concerns about the perceived
long—term impact of MRLS. Identifying the cause(s) of equine
abortion continues to be a major effort since the spring of 2001
when MRLS first occurred. Starting in the summer of 2001 and
in cooperation with the Kentucky Department of Public Health
and the Kentucky Department of Agriculture, the Livestock
Disease Diagnostic Center conducted assays for statewide

surveillance and diagnosis of West Nile virus (WNV) in birds,
horses, and mosquito pools. The Livestock Disease Diagnostic
Center provides laboratory support for the Kentucky Depart!
ment of Agriculture and the Kentucky Department of Fish and
Wildlife Resources for surveillance of chronic wasting disease
in the wild and farmed cervid population.

In last year’s report, readers were informed that the American
Assodation of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians (AAVLD)
had placed the LDDC on provisional accreditation because of
major facility deficiencies. Following notification of the actions
taken by the AAVLD, a capital improvement request was taken
to the Kentucky General Assembly during the 2005 session, and
the legislature approved $8.5 million for Phase 1 to upgrade
the LDDC. The actions taken by the legislature will provide
essential changes and enhancements that include increased floor
space to perform animal necropsies, install an alkaline tissue
digestor to handle carcass disposal, and improve the overall
laboratory biosecurity. Phase 1 does not provide the funds to
upgrade the other services essential for full accreditation; there—
fore, additional funds, Phase 2, have been requested to meet the
level of support and the implementation of new technologies to
promote animal health and productivity required by Kentucky’s
signature equine and cattle industries. The Kentucky General
Assembly will be asked to fund Phase 2 of the upgrade during
the 2006 legislative session.

During 2005, concerns about the potential spread of avian
influenza type HSNI to the United States drew intense national
interest. In response to the requests from the local, state, and
national poultry industries, the Kentucky Poultry Federation,
Breathitt Veterinary Center at Murray State University, and
LDDC have put into place a statewide surveillance and testing
program to monitor for the introduction of the H5N1 strain as
well as strains of lesser disease potential.

A veterinary epidemiologist was hired and joined the program
on February 1, 2005. A section of veterinary epidemiology is
being created with the goal that real—time reporting of disease
outbreaks and occurrences will be routine as soon as a complete,
reliable database has been created. '

Quality Assurance Program
LL. Brown

At the recommendation of our accrediting agency, the
American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians,
a quality manager was hired ]uly l, 2004, to organize and imple—
merit a laboratory quality assurance program. Embarkation of
this systematic method of identifying and eliminating all forms
of waste in work processes while improving performance and
service delivery is a new program for the Livestock Disease Diag—
nostic Center. The Livestock Disease Diagnostic Center Quality
Program goal is based on the university mission of improving
service delivery while achieving excellent human relations,
sound leadership, and effective communications. The program
is being designed to focus primarily on standardization of work

 procedures that allow improvement of the quality of service to
our internal and external customers. It is a never—ending, long—
term development that is evolutionary in implementation, yet
revolutionary in vision, scope, and impact.

Integral to this process will be the participation of all Live—
stock Disease Diagnostic Center laboratory sections in quality
assurance activities such as participation in intra~laboratory
proficiency testing, standardization and documentation of test
procedures, strong adherence to good laboratory practices, better
documentation of testing, tracking customer complaints, and
improved training and competency assessment of employees. The
overall program goal is to continually improve service delivery.

Public Services

 

Pathology
LR. Harrison

The Livestock Disease Diagnostic Center provides services in
necropsy, histopathology, and surgical biopsy. Pathologists evalu—
ate changes found at necropsy and correlate lesions with other
laboratory test results, including light microscopic examination
of tissues. A comprehensive report is prepared for every case
requiring the services provided by the veterinary pathologists.

Necropsy: A postmortem examination is conducted to identify
any injury or change in an organ that has resulted in impairment
or loss of function.

Total Necropsy Cases ' 5,104

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Avian 160
Bovine 1,149
Bovine fetus 136
Canine and feline 361
Caprine and ovine 451
Equine 2,100
Equinefetus 644
Porcine 26
Other species 77

(exotic—zoo, wildlife)

 

Histopathology: Tissues are prepared for light microscopic
examination to reveal changes in body tissues due to disease. Tis—
sues of 8,7 19 cases were processed and examined. In addition to
hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained tissue section, special and
immunochemical stains were done on 370 tissue preparations
for the purpose of identifying microscopic organisms/agents that
cause diseases or tissue antigens that define cell structures.

Biopsy: Small tissue specimens are prepared for light micro;
scopic examination for evidence of neoplasia or other diseases.
Tissue samples representing 4,440 cases were processed and
examined. A report was generated for each case.

Cytology: Preparations of cells denuded from tumors or other
type lesions, recovered from secretions, and exudates for micro‘
scopic examination. Cytopathologic examinations were done
and a report generated for 482 cases.

Bacteriology/Mycology
].M. Donahue

The primary mission of the Bacteriology/Mycology Section
is to detect or isolate and identify pathogenic bacteria or fungi
present in animals. The section also determines the antibiotics
that might be used for the treatment of specific bacterial infeo
tions. The section is also responsible for culture of bacteria
for two federal/state regulatory programs: CEM in equine and
brucellosis in bovine.

Highlights:

° 15,471 aerobic cultures were performed on samples submit—
ted to the Livestock Disease Diagnostic Center; significant
bacterial pathogens were found in over 50% of the samples.

0 1,203 milk samples from dairy cows were tested for micro—

organisms that cause mastitis; Over 50% were positive for
pathogenic microorganisms.
3,348 different bacterial isolates were tested to determine the

, antibiotics that could be used for their treatment in exposed

animals.

0 6,269 samples from horses were cultured for contagious equine
metritis organism (CEMO). All horses tested were negative
for the bacterium, demonstrating that the disease no longer
exists in horses in Kentucky.

0 Approximately 2,400 samples from horses were tested for

the presence of leptospires, and tissues from 15 fetuses were

positive. These results indicated that leptospirosis was one
of the more common causes of equine abortions in 2005, but
less prevalent than in 2004 (37 cases).

Using funding provided by the Graysonajockey Club Research

Foundation Inc., the section provided data to prove that the

bacteria responsible for the death of fetuses in natural and

in experimentally induced cases of mare reproductive loss
syndrome are identical to the bacteria found normally in the
mouth and alimentary tract of horses.

' In conjunction with the Molecular Biology Section, we are
evaluating a PCR method for detecting Crossiella equi and
Amycolatopsis spp in equine placentas. These bacteria are the
primary cause of nocardioform placentitis in equine.

Molecular Diagnostics
S. Sells

The Molecular Diagnostics Section uses assays designed to
detect and identify the specific nucleic acids (DNA and RNA)
of pathogenic bacteria and viruses. This application takes ad—
vantage of technologies in molecular science that have been
developed during the last decade. Nucleic acid based tests are
now used so that unknown organisms can be identified, closely
related organisms can be differentiated, and small numbers of
pathogens can be detected in complex samples.

 

  

Highlights:

The section offers specific assays for over 30 pathogens and
has been increasingly used to confirm the identity of isolates cul’
tured in the Bacteriology and Virology sections of the Livestock
Disease Diagnostic Center and area veterinary clinics. During
2005 testing requests for Streptococcus equi, equine herpesvirus,
and Lawsonia intracellularis increased substantially. The numbers
of the most requested assays include:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Streptococcus equi 608 (63 positive)
Equine herpesvirus 603 (61 positive)
Moraxella bovis 37
Mycoplasma bovis . 74
Lawsonia intracellularis 198 (56 positive)
Clostridium perfringens 58

Equine nocardioform piacen titis 1,286 (8 positive)*
Neorickettsia risricii 62 (12 positive)

 

West Nile virus 103 (2 positive birds)
* Due to Crossiella equi; 7 due to Amycolaropsis (1 of these
from Florida). ‘

 

Serology
B J . Smith

The Serology Section provides accurate and timely results
for both diagnostic and regulatory. testing. This provides vet—
erinarians and regulatory personnel with data upon which to
base their decisions. These tests also enable Kentucky to export
animals intemationally. Testing for animal diseases was available
utilizing various testing techniques. A total of 189,514 tests were
performed.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Highlights:
Anaplasmosis 278
Avian influenza 11,255
Bovine Leukemia Virus 769
Bruceliosis 9,117
Contagious equine metritis 1,346
Equine infectious anemia 54,843
Johne's disease 1,250
Eeptospirosis 4,728
Mycoplasma gallisepticum 45,258
Mycoplasma synoviae 45,251
Neospora caninum ' 516
galmonella pullorum-typhoid 14,903

Virology

M.L. Vickers

The Virology Section of the Livestock Disease Diagnostic

Center provides diagnostic virology support to the laboratory _

pathologists, veterinarians, regulatory officials, and the Com—
monwealth and Federal veterinarians.

Highlights:

This section provides 55 different tests, including 33 fluores—
cent antibody tests to detect antigens of viruses in tissues, 14
serology tests to detect antibodies of viruses, virus isolation for
cattle, horses, sheep, pigs, goats, cat, dogs, birds, reptiles, etc.,
as well as electron microscopy and various tests for the demo
tion'of viral antigens such as influenza. In addition, this section

10

maintains 10 tissue culture cell lines that are used routinely.

The section performed 27,031 tests during 2005. Of this
total, 13,5 26 were virus neutralization serology tests completed
to meet regulatory requirements.

The section has recently initiated a pilot project testing for
animals coming through the Stockyards carrying the bovine
viral diarrhea virus. Kentucky is one of the largest producers
of calves east of the Mississippi River. Removal of a source of
potential disease problems would give added value to one of our
most important commodities.

This is the sixth year of funding from the Kentucky Depart
ment of Public Health by the Centers for Disease Control for
West Nile virus (WNV) testing. The purpose of this grant is for
surveillance/monitoring of WNV in wild birds, horses, and mos—
quitoes. West Nile virus is transmitted by mosquitoes. Mosquito
trapping was carried out by county Public Health technicians,
and pools of these insects were identified and submitted to the
laboratory for testing for WNV and other viruses transmitted
by mosquitoes to horses and humans. Birds have been the most
important sentinel species to provide information on the earliest
activity of the virus in a given locality. The public was encour‘
aged to submit dead birds to the local Public Health Department
for shipment to the laboratory. Testing of birds and mosquitoes
for WNV was done as a cooperative effort of this section and

Molecular Diagnostics which uses the polymerase chain reaction
(PCR) to test for the RNA of the viruses.

Toxicology
A.F. Lehner

The principal purpose of the toxicology department is to
contribute to the long'term profitability of primary producers of
food animals and animal athletes in Kentucky by supporting the
practitioners of veterinary medicine across the Commonwealth.
The toxicology department supports the LDDC pathologists
by making it possible to identify, investigate, and quantify ele
ments and compounds that may contribute to observed organ
or tissue abnormalities that may be relevant to the differential
diagnosis. The toxicology department also performs analyses
of samples submitted by veterinarians, Extension agents, and
private owners to assist in diagnosing problems that affect herd
health initiatives.

A variety of assays were routinely performed that identify
poisonous substances in tissues taken at necropsy or from varia
ous samples submitted by veterinarians. Tests performed include
analysis for heavy metals (mercury, lead, arsenic, chromium,
etc.) and other elements, pesticides, plant toxins, and a variety
of other toxic substances (cyanide, ethylene glycol, etc.). Blood,
serum, and urine from liveanimals are assayed for mineral/ele’
ment deficiencies or excesses and toxins. These assays are per‘
formed when a potential toxicological problem exists based on
animal or herd symptomologies and when a pathologist identifies
changes in tissues/organs that are consistent with Specific toxic
agents.

 Highlights:
Tests performed in the toxicology department in the past
year include:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Number of
Analyses

Method/Substance Performed
GC/MS analysis (instrument used to identify 492
organic toxicants)
Nitrate, nitrite, oxalates, and other anions 133
lCP analysis (instrument used to identify 1,503
heavy metals and other elements)
Cyanide analysis 4
Ethylene glycol analysis 14
Ionophores 6
pH 69
Total dissolved solids 2
Urea 1
Miscellaneous analyses performed either in 148
house or other laboratories
Total Number of Tests 2,372

 

The numbers below refer to the number of toxicity cases. not
the number of animals involved. On some premises, numerous
animals were involved.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Number of
Substance Detected Positive Cases
Acidosis 21
Acorn poisoning 2
Elevated aflatoxin levels ' 1
Antifreeze poisoning 14
Arsenic poisoning 4
Buckeye toxicosis 7
Cadmium toxicosis 1
Chromium toxicosis 1
Carbofuran poisoning 10
Cherry tree toxicosis 1
Copper deficiency 42
Copper toxicity 22
Endosulfan 2
Exposure to pharmaceutical agents 2
Elevated fumonisin levels 3
Iron toxicity (equine) 2
lvermectin toxicity (canine) 2
Kentucky coffee tree toxicity 1
Lead poisoning 3
Nitrate at dangerous levels 12
Oak toxicosis 2
Organophosphate toxicosis 1
Oxalate poisoning 1
Petroleum hydrocarbons 1
Selenium deficiency 4
Selenium toxicity 3
Strychnine 1
Sulfate toxicity 1
Taxus (Japanese yew) poisoning 3
Elevated vomitoxin (DON) levels 7
Elevated zearalenone levels 1
Total Toxicoses Detected 178

 

Veterinary Epidemiology
C .N . Carter

A contemporary veterinary epidemiology program located at
the Livestock Disease Diagnostic Center is in the early stages of
development. The primary goal of this new service is to provide
animal disease surveillance and early detection of animal disease
outbreaks, assist veterinarians in the investigation of serious
and unusual disease problems, and conduct relevant infectious
disease research. The epidemiology program will be driven by
stateaof—the—art electronic data gathering systems that will a110w
for near real—time analysis and dissemination of diagnostic case
information that will be useful to practitioners in treatment,
prevention, and management of animal disease problems.

Highlights:

0 USDA and Homeland Security grants were written and have
been funded to overhaul the IT software infrastructure of the
Lexington and Hopkinsville (Murray State’s Breathitt Vet—
erinary Center) laboratories and to provide seamless links to
the Office of the State Veterinarian.

0 Meetings occur regularly with staff at the State Veterinarian’s
office and the Breathitt Veterinary Center to help in planning
and coordinating the flow of animal health information from
the diagnostic laboratory.

0 The epidemiologist is conducting epidemiological investiga—
tions on Kentucky farms and in veterinary hospitals.

0 A research analyst will soon be added to the department to
aid the epidemiologist in building and implementing animal
health information systems and surveillance systems and to
conduct research on relevant infectious disease topics.

0 A Field Investigation Unit (truck outfitted with a Bowie
Veterinary Unit) will soon be in service to conduct field
investigations on Kentucky farms.

 

  

Regulatory Services

 

Our Mission

Regulatory Services is committed to service and consumer
protection of Kentucky citizens, businesses, and industries. Our pro—
grams monitor and analyze feed, fertilizer, milk, seed, and soil and
are administered using a cooperative, science‘based approach.

The Division of Regulatory Services is charged with admin—
istering four state laws pertaining to the manufacturing, process-
ing, labeling, and marketing of commercial feed, fertilizer, seed,
and raw milk. The Division’s primary objectives are to protect
producers and other consumers from poor quality, mislabeled,
or misrepresented products and to protect agricultural and other
businesses from unfair competition.

Feed, fertilizer, and seed are monitored through manufacture
ing and retail channels for compliance with state laws. Label
review and product and facility inspections as well as product
sampling and analysis are important parts of this process. Raw
milk is monitored during marketing to ensure an accurate and
equitable exchange between dairy producers and processors and
to ensure the integrity of milk from farm to processor.

Eleven regulatory inspectors and one auditor cover the state
collecting samples, inspecting facilities, and auditing records.
Two specialty product inspectors are dedicated to monitoring
and sampling small-package and specialty pet food, fertilizer, and
seed products throughout the state. This reflects the Division’s
commitment to provide consumer protection to the purchaser of
non—agricultural products such as lawn seed, fertilizer, and dog,
cat, and other pet food. One inspector is dedicated to the milk
regulatory program: auditing records and monitoring activities of
sampler—weighers, handlers, testers, and laboratory facilities.

In addition to regulatory programs of the Division, service
testing is provided through the seed, soil, and milk laboratories.
These and other activities in the Division are performed by a
dedicated and professional staff who perform laboratory analyses,
provide computer support, process and compile reports in addition
to performing various duties necessary to carry out and administer
effective programs.

12

Auditing Program
H.S. Spencer

Audits of sales and fee payments were made on 318 of 411
feed, fertilizer, seed, and milk firms in Kentucky to verify inspec—
tion fees. Fees are assessed to help defray costs of inspecting,
sampling, and analyzing commodities in accordance with state
laws. Fees are indicated below. Cash receivables were substan‘
tiated on 1,080 fertilizer reports, 3,056 feed reports, 784 seed
reports, and 78 milk reports. Reports were checked for accuracy
and compared to field audits of the submitting firms.

The 2005 inspection fees for industries regulated by the
Division of Regulatory Services are as follows:

 

 

 

 

Industry Fee Assessed/Unit
Feed 35 cents/ton
Fertilizer 50 cents/ton
Milk (handlers and producers) 0.5 cents/100 lb.
Seed tags 4-24 cents/unit

 

The Division of Regulatory Services 2005 income from fees,
licenses and testing services was as follows:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Industry 2005 Income
Feed $996,896
Fertilizer $565,027
Milk $191,847
Seed tags, licenses, and service testing $391,857
Soil service testing $163,297
Total $2,308,924

 

Feed Regulatory Program
5. Traylor

The feed regulatory program provides consumer protection for
purchasers of livestock feed and pet food products as well as moni’
toring a marketplace environment that promotes fair and equitable
competition. The Kentucky Commercial Feed Law outlines stanr
dards of quality, safety, and efficacy of commercial livestock feed and
pet food industries through specific labeling requirements. labels
shOuld identify the purpose, a guaranteed composition, ingredient
list, and directions as Well as warning or caution statements required
for proper use. A statewide inspection, sampling, and testing pro—
gram monitors feed products for accurate labeling.

The feed program is also involved in ensuring safety and
suitability of animal feed products fed to livestock and poultry
producing meat, milk, and eggs for human consumption. This
includes participation in a nationwide effort by state and fed‘
eral agencies to ensure food safety and to promote consumer
confidence in the food supply. The feed program and the FDA
work cooperatively to inspect facilities for compliance with the
ruminantato-ruminant feeding ban, which was promulgated to
prevent establishment and amplification of bovine spongiform
encephalopathy (BSE, or “mad cow disease”).

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Highlights:

0 Administered actions on 3,695 official and 225 unofficial
samples of commercial feed involving 24,956 tests to moni—
tor about 3 million tons of commercial mixed feed and feed
ingredients distributed in Kentucky.

0 Administered a cooperative program with the FDA to inspect

14 feed mills that mix restricted drugs in feed and to inspect

these mills for compliance with FDA’s national BSE rule. An

additional 30 ESE inspections were contracted with FDA for
mills not required to be licensed with FDA.

Conducted 7,500 label reviews and maintained product regis—

tration for about 15,000 products from over 950 companies.

Fertilizer Regulatory Program
D.L. Terry

The Kentucky Fertilizer Law ensures that fertilizers sold in
Kentucky are clearly and accurately labeled so that consumers
c