10

  From this table it appears that in the first ten
years the slave population was more than tre-
bled; in the next decade, again, more than dou-
blecd and from 1830 to 1840 exhibited still an
additional increase of 27,045 slaves. From 1840
to 1849 there is still an increase. This table fur-
ther shows that in half a century the slave popu-
lation has multiplied upon itself nineteen times.
  In the period we have. considered, what was
the advance of the free population of Kentucky
The answer includes both white and free color-
ed persons.



   Free pop'tion.
1190  61,217
1800 180,68W' In'cfm
3110 3W5,960  do
1820 437,685  do
1630 62,704  do
1810 597,670  do



Original stock 61,217
1790 to 1SOO 110.366 or
180 to 1810 145,338 or
1810 to 1820 111,632 or
1820 to 1830 8; 119 o0
1830 to 1818 74,766 or



191 8 pr ct.
80 5  '  
342 --
191   "
14 3  "



  By an examination of the foregoing table, it
will be perceived that though the free popula-
tion of Kentucky continues to increase, yet in
every period of ten years since 1810, the rate
has been gradually diminishing, and In a fearful
degree.
- The proportion of free persons to slaves in
1790 was as 518-100 to 1; in 1840 it was only
as3 28-100 to 1, makingit manifest that in the
half century under consideration, the slaves in
Kentucky have incre sed vastly on the whites !
  The next conclusion to be deduced from the
facts stated is, that the presence if slavery has re-
tarded the flow of population to Kentucky, and
checks the growth, and power, and the develop-
ment of the abundant resources of the State.-
This is apparent from the decreasing decennial
increase of our free population. It will more
readily appear that slavery is the cause, when
we compare the growth of Kentucky with the
growth of adjoining free States.
  Our productions are the same as those of
Ohio and Indiana. Our area is greater than
that of Indiana, and about equals that of Ohio;
our way to market is as easy; our soil as rich and
prolific; our climate as propitious and healthy;
our institutions (with tile sole exception of sla-
very) similar, and as perfect and free, and our
population as quick, apt and intelligent.
  The subjoined table shewing the free popu-
lation of Kentucky, Ohio, and indiana is full
of significance:



Kentucky.
4..   polp.
1890 61,227



Rep. Ohio.   Rep.
in Con. pop.   -
    a wilderness.



IIndiana.
  pop.    Rep.
a wilderness.-



tures in 1b40, as stated in the census was as fol-
lows:
   Ohio                             16,906,267
   Kentucky                           6,9-16,249
 Difference in favor of (dio,       10,969,9
 Nearly three times as much capital invested
 in Manufactures in Ohio.
 Compare the capital invested in Commerce:
   Ohio,         -                22,W00 210
   Kentucky,         ,    - e         10,323,301
 Difference in favor of Ohio,        tl,877,909
 One million and a half more than twice as
 much capital invested in Commerce in Ohio.
 Take next the products of the Mines and of



the J orest:
Ohio-7 1Nines
      Forest,



Kenlucky-Mines
        Forest,


Difference in favor of Ohio,



         2,060,869
1             600, COo
            2,669,669
            1,212,062
            _  200,000
            1,642,061
            927,797



  It is seen at a glance, that so far as these
items are concerned, not only is Ohio as a State
far richer than Kentucky, but there Is much
greater wealth relatively to the population in
Ohio than in Kentucky. Were no more capi-
tal invested in commerce and in manufactures
in the former than latter, relatively to the pop-
ulation, it would be not quite twice as much as
in Kentucky-that is, only 32,000,000; but
the real amount invested, is, 39,105,467!
  But it may be said that what Ohio gains in
manufactures and commerce is lost in agricul-
ture. This, too, is easily tested, and we submit
the following table,taken from the report of the
Commissioner of Patents, made in 1847-which
is believed to be as accurate as the census of
1840, and brings the comparison nearer to our
own time:



Wheat, bushels,
Hlaricy,  
Oats, '    1
Rye
Buckwheat "
Indian Corn
Potatoes   '
Hay-tons.
Hemp "
Tobacco-lbs.,
Cotton    '
Silk,    -
Sugar,  1'



Ohio.
J6,bw(,(Jo+
  2101 0' 0
26.650,0o0
I ,0)CO,c0O
1.2(0 000
G ;,00,OoAo
4,614 000
I, Ito,( 0
     6100
 9,000,000
   3, 000
5,00)0,000



Ken fuck to -
6, 000,00
   18,CCO
14,1(0,L1,(
2,660,000
   26,0d(
62,01,0,000
1.810,00"
  130,Ct0
  15, 0o
65m,00o fl0
2,o00,00 0
    4,400
3,000,000



1S00 180612  6    95 396    1    4,872    nonec
1810 325.9)0  9  230,760  6    21,52  a dele  It is needless to go into an estimate of the ag-
1820 137,58.5 12  681,432  15  147,174  2    gregate values. The table shows, at once, that
1830 632,701  13  937 903  19  343,03I  7    Ohio possesses double the agricultural wealth
1810 597,270  It)  1,519,467  21  68-5,836  10  of Kentucky. Her Indian Corn and Wheat
  Slavery has caused Kentucky to lag in the alone are worth the whole of the products of
race of prosperity, while Ohio and Indiana have Kentucky, as set down in the foregoing table.
outstripped her; and unless the heavy burden The aggregate value of those products ara but
which weighs so oppressively on the energies little more than double the simple item of Hay
of our Commonwealth is removed, she must be in Ohio.
content to see her younger sisters on the other  When to all this we add that Kentucky is at
side of the Ohio leave her at an immeasurable least equal to Ohio in all natural resources; was
distance behind.                                settled at an earlier period, and had a popula-
  From  the census returns of 1840, we have tion of 73,000, when Ohio was a wilderness;
compiled the following tables:                  while now, after a race of forty years, Ohio has
  The amount of capital invested in Manufac- twice the population, three times the Manufac.



t