xt79kd1qg64h https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt79kd1qg64h/data/mets.xml Hall, Baynard Rush, 1798-1863. 1855  books b929772h1419162009 English Jno. R. Nunemacher  : New Albany, Ind. Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Indiana University, Bloomington --History. Frontier and pioneer life --Indiana. Bloomington (Ind.) --Social life and customs. The new purchase; or, Early years in the far West. By Robert Carlton [pseud.] ... text The new purchase; or, Early years in the far West. By Robert Carlton [pseud.] ... 1855 2009 true xt79kd1qg64h section xt79kd1qg64h 
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
   THE NEW PURCHASE

OR,

SEVEN AND A HALF YEARS

IN THE

FAR WEST

ROBERT CARLTON, Esq.

(baynard rush hall)

INDIANA CENTENNIAL EDITION

EDITED BY JAMES ALBERT WOODBURN

professor of american history indiana university

PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS PRINCETON

LONDON: HUMPHREY MILFORD OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS

1916 
   Copyright 1916, by Princeton University Press

Published, October, 1916

nunce.ton Vumvusity/ 
   INTRODUCTION

The Princeton University Press offers a worthy contribution to the centennial celebration of Indiana's admission to statehood by issuing a Centennial Edition of the "New Purchase" by Baynard R. Hall. This work has been pronounced "one of the best books ever written concerning life in the West." Its reproduction will be appreciated by all who are interested in western history. It makes available a handsome reprint of a volume long since out of print, the original edition being now very difficult to find and expensive to buy. This reprint contains the original copy without modification or expurgation. There is certainly no more valuable book on early Indiana. Judge D. D. Banta, himself very thoroughly informed on early Indiana life, has called it "the best and truest history of pioneer life and pioneer surroundings in Indiana that can anywhere be found. Hall evidently entered with zest into the life and scenes about him, and he writes graphically of all he sees and hears." It is my privilege in this Introduction to speak of the man and his work    the man who has realized his youthful ambition to be enrolled among the earliest literary pioneers of the romantic west and the book which has long since been recognized of such acknowledged excellence and historic value.

In 1818 the United States Government obtained by treaty with several tribes of Indians what is known in the history of the Middle West as the "New Purchase". In that year Governor Jennings, of Indiana, Benjamin Parke, then Federal Judge for the District of Indiana, and General Lewis Cass, Territorial Governor of Michigan, acting as a commission of the Federal Government, met the representatives of the Indian tribes at St. Marys, Ohio. The Weas, the Kickpoos, the Pottawattomies and the Miamis were there in the persons of their chieftains and their spokesmen. The Pale Face Commission succeeded in purchasing nearly all the land east and south of the Wabash

iii 
   iv

INTRODUCTION

not previously relinquished by the Indians. This new acquisi7 tion may be described as the tract of land bounded on the north and west by the Wabash river, on the south and west by what is known as the "ten o'clock line",   a line going in the direction a shadow would fall at ten o'clock forenoon, running from a point in Jackson County, Indiana, to a point on the Wabash in Vermillion county. The eastern line of the Purchase was the uneven boundary line of the counties already formed in the State in the White Water region. The Delawares agreed to take a grant of land west of the Mississippi, and the other tribes, all having claims to the ceded territory, agreed to withdraw to the north of the Wabash. The Delawares were to have three years in which to gather up their property and leave the State. "In the fall of 1820 the remnants of this once powerful tribe whose ancestors had received Henry Hudson (1610) took up their western march, the disheartened train passing through K^skaskia about the middle of October."1

Thirty-seven new counties were made, in whole or in part, from the lands embraced in the New Purchase. As the Indians went out the pioneer settlers came in. When the Indian titles were extinguished and the new lands were opened to settlement the immigrant tide of humanity began to pour in. The Government land was offered at $2.00 an acre. It was lowered to $1.25 an acre after 1820 which proved to be quite a step for the encouragement of western settlement. The preemption system had been put into operation in 1801, by which a settler who could not pay cash for his land might "preempt" it and pay for it by installments after he had settled on it and begun to work it. The homestead policy, instituted later, was even more liberal to the home-seeker, but the fact that one could preempt good, cheap land and have a chance to own it in fee simple brought many enterprising and hopeful men to a region which was heralded in the East as an Eldorado of rich and productive lands. Some shiftless and worthless "movers" and "squatters"' came; many came who had not much of worldly goods; and some came who had once lived a favored life under Fortune's smile but who had lost their all in the contraction and hard

1 Esarey, History of Indiana, p. 229. 
   INTRODUCTION

v

times following the war of 1812. Among the latter were the Halls and their relatives. (See p. 56). There were others like them, cultivated people, some imbued with the missionary spirit, some moved by spirit of adventure, and some endowed with a fair amount of worldly goods, who, while seeking new homes and better fortunes for themselves in a new country, were capable and desirous of helping to build the new commonwealths for the American Union in the promising west. True, most of these western settlers were poor, and most of them were ignorant; but most of them, also, were men and women of the fundamental virtues, courage, honesty, hospitality, and of self-reliant manly independence. Hall was sensitive to these noble qualities, and he was unstinted in his tribute in honor of the backwoodsmen, "the open-hearted native-born westerner." "Ay, the native Corncracker, Hoosier or Buckeye, and all men and women born in a cane-brake and rocked in a sugar trough,    all born to follow a trail and cock an old fashioned lock rifle,   all such are open-hearted, fearless, generous, chivalric!"

(P- 369)-

When Hall came into the midst of this backwoods life, Indiana was but a little over four years old. It had a population of about 150,000 souls, by far the greater number of these being below the Old National Road. The greater part of Hall's life in Indiana was to be given to education, and in that noble service he was certainly one of the earliest of our pioneers. In 1820, two or three years before he came, the Legislature at Corydon created what was named in the act as "The Indiana Seminary." This in 1828 became the "Indiana College" and in 1838 the "Indiana University", by legal title. The Constitution of 1816 had decreed that the State should provide, as soon as circumstances should permit, "for a general system of education ascending in a regular gradation from township schools to a State University, wherein tuition should be gratis and equally open to all." The act creating the "Seminary" in 1820 was saved in the State Senate only by the casting vote of the Lieutenant Governor Ratliff Boon and it was signed by the first Governor of the State, Jonathan Jennings. Six Trustees were appointed and they selected a site for the Seminary, a 
   vi

INTRODUCTION

quarter of a mile due south of the little village of Bloomington, then but a clearing in the woods only two years old.

Log cabins, whether of hewed logs or round, could be put up in short order by the pioneers of the early days, but it was more than three full years before there could be completed the two small brick buildings with which the "Seminary" began,    one a house for a professor at a cost of $891, the other the Seminary building itself, at the elaborate cost of $2400! This old State Seminary opened its doors for students in May 1824. In the fall of 1823, as the buildings were nearing completion, the first professor was elected. This was the author of our book and the hero of our story.

It was altogether likely that it was the prospect of this new State Seminary that had influenced Hall to come to the New Purchase. There was an advantage of being at hand when a new teacher was needed. Mrs. Hall's mother was living with her son, John M. Young, near Gosport. Besides these relatives, Hall had another brother-in-law living near Bloomington, and serving the various settlements round about as a missionary. This was Rev. Isaac Reed, one of the early pioneer Presbyterian ministers of Indiana. Dr. Maxwell, one of the founders and a devoted friend of the Seminary and the President of its Board of Trustees, was also an ardent Presbyterian. Reed recommended Hall to Maxwell, and these connections may fairly account for Hall's election as the first professor of the Seminary. Presbyterian ministers were likely to be educated men even in those days and there were not many men in the Indiana woods so well educated as to be deemed qualified for a professorship. For a Princeton man to be on the ground was, indeed, a decided advantage. So when the time came for the opening, Hall was here ready to be placed in charge.

Baynard Rush Hall was born in Philadelphia in 1793. He died in Brooklyn, N. Y. in 1863. In his childhood he was left an orphan and he had to hew out his own way in the world with what assistance could be afforded him by friends and distant relatives. He became a type-setter in his youth and worked at the printer's trade. He was one of "the boys of ink and long primer," working at the printer's desk, still in his teens, 
   INTRODUCTION

vn

when he first heard of Harrison at Tippecanoe. It was then his soul "was stirred to phrensy and swelled with burnings and longings after fame!" (p. 354). The stories of western battle and adventure stirred in his soul, no doubt, a longing to see the unknown western land. He made his way through school, graduated at Union College and at Princeton Theological Seminary. He became a Presbyterian clergyman. He followed his childhood sweetheart of many years, after years of separation, to Danville, Ky., where (p. 320) he was married.2 He returned to Philadelphia where he suffered deep domestic affliction in the loss of two of his children in their infancy. He then set out with his wife to join some relatives in the New Purchase. He had encountered disappointment in the crushing of some of his high hopes and purposes, so he turned to the New West as an opportunity for a new life. Weary of a prosaic life in the East, he sought a life "of poetry and romance amid the rangers of the wood." He found poetry here as well as a mission. In his day-dreams he heard the call of the wild, and he felt the "resistless" invitation to an enchanting land in what was then known as the "Far West." He affirms that he came influenced by disinterested motives, fired with enthusiasm for advancing solid learning, desirous of seeing western institutions rival those of the East, willing to live and die in the new country, to sacrifice eastern tastes and prejudices, and to become in every proper way a "Western man",   hopes and expectations which college jealousies and quarrels were destined to cut short before many years. The Halls came, lured partly by the spirit of romance and adventure, persuaded to exchange "the tasteless and crowded solitude of Philadelphia for the entrancing and real loneliness of the wilds,   the promenade of dead brick for the living carpet of the natural meadow."

When Hall was chosen to become the Principal of the new Indiana Seminary in the fall of 1823, he had been living for more than a year on the edge of the New Purchase, with his

2 "I was married in Danville, Ky., by Rev. Mr. Nelson, brother of 'Infidelity' Nelson. Perhaps that may sell some books there. Dr. Breckenridge is my friend." Hall's letter to his New Albany publisher, 185S. 
   viii

INTRODUCTION

brother-in-law, John M. Young, and other friends, at "Glenville" near White River about four miles north of Gosport. In that first long winter in the woods he worked at various occupations including carpentry and cabinet making. He made a closet for his study, two scuttles for the loom, putting in and taking orut pieces and thus becoming adept in the mysteries of woof and warp, of hanks and reels and cuts. He "mended water-sleds, hunted turkeys, missed killing two deer for want of a rifle, played the flute, practiced the fiddle, and ever so many other things and what-nots." But his "grand employment" was a review of all his college studies, and he, therefore, claimed to be "the very first man since the creation of the world that read Greek in the "New Purchase"   a somewhat doubtful claim, since other Presbyterian ministers and some Jesuit Fathers had set foot in these parts before Hall came.

It is certain, however, that during this year and in the years immediately following, Hall entered with spirit and sympathy into all the life of the backwoods. He became a skilled marksman with the rifle; he enjoyed the shooting matches; he learned the art of rolling logs; he became a skilled and practiced hand at the wood choppings; he learned the manners of the quilting parties; he became an interested spectator but never a participant at the pioneer camp-meetings; he clerked in a country store, ground bark in a tannery, driving "Old Dick" on the tread-mill; he preached often, ministering to the sick and dying, and with two of his fellow preachers   Isaac Reed and George Bush,   he organized the Wabash Presbytery in Reed's cabin in the woods, and as a Presbyter he went horse-back on long journeys to attend church councils, fording the swamps and rivers and following the traces through the forests. Indeed, his life in early Indiana gave him a rich story to tell. That story is found in the pages of this book.

One of Hall's forest horse-back journeys took him from Bloomington to LaFayette, and some one has said that "for the author's fine description of the Tippecanoe battle ground and for his poem on the battle of Tippecanoe, Indiana must ever owe him gratitude". He stood at Tippecanoe "some twelve years after the battle."   He had power to express his soul's 
   INTRODUCTION

ix

emotions and appreciations. He saw the Battle Ground in "its primitive and sacred wilderness, unfenced, unscathed by the ax, unshorn by the scythe, unmarked by roads." He felt himself standing and walking among the slain warriors. Here was reality. No longer was he beholding Tippecanoe as he had beheld it in his youthful dreams. "Here mouldering are trunks of trees that formed the hasty rampart. Here are scars and seams in the trees torn by balls. Ay! here is the narrow circle of skeletons of   let me count again   yes, of fourteen war horses! But where are the. riders ? Here under this beech   see the record in the bark   we stand on the earth over the dead,   'rider, horse, friend and foe in one' red burial blent" (p. 355).  Such are some of the themes of this volume.

This young man of college culture, of "book larnin," as his neighbors would say, lived in this new country almost a decade of years, and after he had gone back to his home in the East, he wrote this book about what he had seen and heard. He called it "The New Purchase, or Seven and a Half Years in the Far West," the author appearing under the pseudonym Robert Carleton. It deserves to be called an immortal book. Dr. Samuel W. Fisher, of Cincinnati, called it that in 1855. It will prove to be so, at any rate to Indianians, since among Hoosiers this work will be a memorial to the name of its author as long as interest in Indiana history lives, and we are entitled to believe that that interest will be immortal. This may be said, not because of the literary excellence nor because of any special human interest attaching to its stories, but because it contains the most valuable history of this Hoosier land in its early beginnings; because it relates in graphic and racy style personal adventures, western scenes and characters, college jealousies and dissensions, the state of popular culture or lack of culture, and the social conditions in a large part of this new country in its early days. Here are found vivid descriptions of the varied aspects of frontier life that Hall witnessed and of which he was a part,   the modes of travel, the roads, the cabin homes and inns, the settler's hospitality, his food, his clothing, the games, the weddings, the barbecues, the rifle-matches, the stump speeches, the college exhibitions, the court 
   X

INTRODUCTION

trials, the "shiv-ar-ree", the pigeon shooting. Here is history,    not of wars and dynasties and states, but of the life of a people.

Hall was a lover of nature. Amid the mire and the briars of the field, the wallows and the mudholes in the road, amid the pawpaws, the sassafras and the sycamores, he saw not only the homely sides of life but he had an eye and a heart for the grandeur and beauty of his primeval surroundings,    the warbling birds, the bounding deer, the racing squirrels, the giant trees, the everlasting shades, the gleaming sun-light by day, the clear blue sky at night over the camp-meeting tents like a dome radiant with golden stars. In his eyes "no artificial dyes could rival the scarlet, the crimson, the orange, the brown, of the sylvan dresses,   giant robes and scarfs hung with indescribable grandeur and grace over the rough arms and rude trunks of the forest."

Here was a young man, who had eyes to see, with a cultured background, with a power to discriminate and to distinguish the significant; and above all, he had the virtue of intent and industry (for which Heaven be praised) to write down what he saw and understood, to preserve it for us, for posterity and for history.  For this we shall ever be his debtor.

The schools and libraries and readers that are cooperating in the revival of interest in Indiana history will give a responsive welcome to the generosity and enterprise of Hall's University, whose Press has made the "New Purchase" again easily available.

Over sixty years ago, in 1855, a New Albany publisher was given unstinted praise for redeeming so deserving a work from oblivion by bringing out a second edition. The New Purchase was then generally recognized as a book that "ought to find its way into every Western domicile, especially into the homesteads of Indiana." The book was originally published by the Appletons. The first edition of 1000 copies, in two volumes, sold chiefly in the East, only few copies finding their way to the West. This was, as the author says, "in the middle of the cheap literature age when English works were selling for a shilling". The Appletons were pleased with the circulation of the work and suggested a second edition of 6000 copies; 
   INTRODUCTION

xi

but the elder Appleton died while the contract was pending, his sons lost sight of it, and in 1855 when the book had been nearly twelve years out of print, Mr. John R. Nunemacher, of New Albany, Indiana, stimulated by inquiries for the book, opened negotiations with the author with a view to bringing out a new edition. Professor Hall was then living in Brooklyn, N. Y., preaching twice every Sunday and teaching at Park Institute five hours a day during the week.3 Hall gave a ready ear to the proposal to reprint the New Purchase. His friend, Professor Bush, who had been one of the characters of the book

r ,

encouraged the venture and was sanguine of its success, saying that "not a copy can be obtained anywhere for love or money" and that he "had in vain looked over all the old bookstores for a stray copy." Nunemacher, had to search diligently in the West before he could find one.

The author and publisher had sanguine hopes for the success of the new edition. There had been many fulsome reviews of the first edition and the second one was also favorably reviewed by the press. But it created no excitement in the book market. Its sales were disappointing and in July 1856 Hall wrote to Nunemacher, "Our book appears to be dead." The book however, sold slowly and it continued to sell for half a century and now a copy of the second edition is about as difficult to obtain as is one of the original edition of 1843. The second edition was published in one volume with fanciful illustrations of "Old Dick at the "Tread-mill," the "Young Doctor" running through the river to escape from "Hunting Shirt Andy," and "Mizraim Ham 'doing' David and Goliath", etc. The second edition also omitted about 130 pages,   all the chapters relating to President Wylie and the college quarrel.4 These parts of the book had a personal and local color    rather yellow   and they attracted attention beyond their merits, as if they were the chief features of the book, so much so that the Indianapolis Sentinel said of the book when the second edition appeared, "the original design of the work was principally to hold up to public indignation and ridicule the

3 His daughter sang in Dr. Cheever's church. * See Note pages 481-511 and accompanying Notes.

 
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INTRODUCTION

late Rev. Dr. Wylie, President of the University, with whom the author had a disagreement which led to his leaving the college, and, also, the late Governor Whitcomb, General Lowe, and others."

While Hall's strictures on Whitcomb and Wylie are by no means unbiased nor truly historic, and while it may be thought best by some to let the account of this unseemly quarrel drop from the record and be utterly forgotten, yet the publishers and editors of the present edition are convinced that they should allow the readers of the New Purchase to have it exactly as it came from the press in the original edition of 1843. That edition is therefore reprinted, college quarrel, personalities and all, without change or expurgation. The author in his preface to the second edition said that, perhaps, "in time a 'Key' may be forged for the Lock." We think that time has come after the lapse of nearly a hundred years. The "Key" here offered is made up largely from manuscript letters of Hall himself, and from a comparison with "Keys" in early copies of the work, and from manuscripts of Judge Banta and Dr. James D. Maxwell. It is believed that the "Key" here presented is as complete and as correct as any "Key" extant or as can be made from information now available.

There was at first some Indiana resentment at what was considered unjust caricature of the early settlers in the "New Purchase" but this has long since passed away. Hall claimed that he had truthfully described the life that he had seen and of which he was a part. The general truthfulness of the book, the integrity and sincerity of its author and the great value to history of Hall's descriptions and portraitures are now recognized by all and I do not hesitate to say that his book will ever remain what Hall richly deserved that it should prove to be, an imperishable Indiana classic.

James A. Woodburn. 
   KEY TO CHARACTERS AND PLACES

in Baynard Rush Hall's . THE NEW PURCHASE Persons

AlXHEART,  vulcanus, .........................\ustin W. seward,"0ne

of kindest of men," Hall's letter to publisher of the 2nd edition.  Aug. 14, 1855.

Baltimore, Lord Bishop, .......................Dr. R. Breckenhidge.

Bloduplex, Dr.................................President Andrew

Wylie, of Indiana University.

"Blue Fire," ..................................Red Fire or Big Fire, a

Pottawattomie   Indian   Chief,   p. 223.

Brown, Mr....................................Mr. Brown, of Ireland.

Brompton, Squire..............................Squire Hardin, or Jonathan Nichols.

Brasier, Mr...................................was the man who denied

the shape of the earth.

Brushwood, ....................................Sturgis Huckberry.

Carlton, Robert, ..............................Baynard R. Hall. Hall

was also Rev. Charles Clarence, and also the Mr. Merry who gave the touching sermon in Forsters' saw-mill.

Charilla, Miss................................Charilla   Durkee, of

Tippecanoe Co.

Clarence, Rev. Charles,.......................Prof. Baynard R. Hall.

Crabstick......................................Felix Hight.

compton.......................................col. ketchem.

cutswell, insidias,............................gov. j ames whitcomb.

In the second edition of the New Purchase (1855) Hall changed "Insidias" to "William," saying that "Poor Whitcomb became a religious man before he died."

Cravings, Lawyer..............................CP. Hester.

Domore.........................................Peter Batterton.

Fat Modest Englishman, The.................Thomas Hewson.

Finished Young Ladies........................The Misses Owen.

Glenville, Miss Emily........................Martha Young.

xiii 
   xiv

KEY TO CHARACTERS

Glenville, John,..............................John M. Young. Afterwards moved to Jersey City, N. J. Mrs. Glenville was buried near the Tannery. Mr. Young had a store in Gosport. In his store Brasier and Hall talked about the earth's shape. There the "yellow buttons" were sold.

George,........................................James Dunn, a favorite

pupil of Hall's, who re-wrote his composition thirty-six times.

Ham, Rev. Mizraim, ...........................Uncle Aaron Wallace

(colored).

Harlen, Mr., ..................................John Orchard.

Harwood, Prof., ...............................Prof. J. H. Harney, of

Louisville, Ky., afterwards editor of the Louisville Democrat.

Hillsbury, Rev., ...............................Rev. Isaac Reed, brother-in-law of the Author.

Henry, ........................................Gov. Joseph A. Wright.

The boy who dug the author's well and went after his cow. In the old record of the State Seminary is this entry: "Ordered that Joseph A. Wright be allowed for ringing the college bell, making fires, etc., in the college building during the last session of the State Seminary the sum of sixteen dollars and twenty-five cents."

Jacobus, Brig. Gen'l., .........................Gen'l. Jacob Lowe.

James Jimmy..................................Beverly    W. James,

School Teacher.

Josey Jackson the Postmaster,................James Allison, P. M.

at Spencer.

Kitty, Aunt..................................Mrs. Hall's aunt, "lives

with us, aged 84." (In Brooklyn, 1855.)

Ketchum, Peggy ("Mrs. Compton") ............Mrs Mary Ann Ket-

chem who thought "a piano was as far afore a fiddle as a fiddle is afore a jusharp."

Liebug, Mendax, ...............................Lee.

Leatherlung, Eolus, ..........................Joseph Berry, Preacher.

Lobelia.........................................Joseph Berry, Preacher.

Menniwater, Rev...............................Rev. Mayfield, Cumberland Presbyterian. 
   KEY TO CHARACTERS

xv

"Mercator," pp. 13-14 Vol. I...................Delanv R. Eckles

(probably).

Merry, Rev.,...................................Prof. Baynard R. Hall.

Novus, The Rev. Remarkable, .................Rev. I. Strange, or Rev.

Jas. Armstrong.

"Nevy," the "Doctor's Nevy" ..................James Maxwell, nephew

of Dr. David H. Maxwell, who was a medical student under Dr. Maxwell. He afterwards lived at Grand Gulph, Miss.

Parsons, Rev.,.................................Rev. William Martin,

Chap. X.

Paunch, Bishop...............................John Henderson, "Uncle

Johny."

Pillbox, Prof., ................................Dr. Joslin, or Jocelyn,

of Spencer.

Rapid, William, ..............................James Batterton.

Redwhite, Mr., ................................John   Conner, Indian

Trader and Agent.

Robinson, Tom (the chopper)..................Thomas   Robinson, of

Owen County, Indiana.

Rowdy School Master........................Mr. Mills, who taught

school south of Woodville, in the Ketchem neighborhood, and had himself reported as drowned in Lost River, in Orange county.

Sylvan, Dr..............................,.....Dr. David H. Maxwell.

Second Fiddler,................................Albert Littrell.

Seymour, Uncle John,.........................Uncle John Holmes, he

died at age of 80, at Hanover, Indiana. Smith, Mr.....................................Mr.    Darrah Mayer,

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. "Solomon Rapid,"..............................Commonly known as Jim

Batterton or Sage Batterton.

Sprightly, Rev. Elder, ........................Rev. William Armstrong.

Seymour, Thomas,............................Thomas Holmes.

Scrape, Dan, ..................................Col. Sam'l Cravens.

Strange, Elder.................................Rev. John Nevens.

Stanley, Ned, .................................James Borland.

Shrub, Bishop, ................................Rev. George Bush, of

Brooklyn, formerly of Indianapolis, then

became a Swedenborgian minister. Thorntree, .....................................Hamilton Stockwell or

Leroy Gregory.

Woolley, Ben, ................................Noble Baker. 
   xvi

KEY TO CHARACTERS

Wilmer, Col...................................Gen. John McCalla, of

Washington City, and of Lexington, Ky.

"Whackum,"   School teacher, .................Shields.

Westland, Maj. Billy, .......................William Alexander,

brother-in-law of Dr. D. H. Maxwell.

Young Doctor, ................................Paris C. Dunning, who

splashed across White River to escape the Indians who were avenging the desecration of Chief Redfire's grave, later elected Lieut. Gov. and became Governor of the States, 1848-49.

Uncle Tommy, ................................brother of John Holmes,

(Uncle 'John Seymour'). Uncle Tommy died in Michigan, aged 86.

Places.

Ash ford Settlement, ..........................Ashbaugh Settlement.

Big Possum Creek, ............................Big Raccoon.

Cave, The.....................................Truit's Cave, later called

Mayfield's   Cave,   six   miles   west of

Bloomington.

Glenville, ....................................."two    or   three miles

above" Gosport. Mr. Hall in his letters to Mr. Nunemacher, his second publisher in New Albany, says the Glenville settlement was "in Monroe county about three miles from Gosport." In this he was in error as the Glenville settlement is known to be in Owen county about three and a half miles north of Gosport on the west side of White river. See Note p. 224.

Guzzleton.....................................Gosport.

Moxville, .....................................Martinsville.

Nut Creek,____'................................Big Walnut.

Shining River, or "The Shiney,"..............White River.

Slippery Run, .................................Eel River.

Spiceburgh, ...................................Spencer.

Sproutsburgh, ................................Lafayette.

Sugartown.....................................Crawfordsville.

Timberopolis, .................................Indianapolis.

Tippecanoe,....................................Battle Ground.

Welden Settlement, ..........................Payne Settlement, west

of Gosport.

Woodville......................................Bloomington, the site of

an Indian wigwam village. 
   PREFACE.

Before my friend, Robert Carlton, Esq., left* he handed me the MS. of "The New Purchase," with a request to get it published: in which case I promised to write the Preface. The best Preface will be, perhaps, a part of our conversation at the time:

"---But, Robert, I cannot call the book a History."

"Why not, Charles?" "It contains Fiction."

"Granted: but is that not the case with other Histories ?" "To some extent: yet your Fictions will be taken for Truths, and your Truths for Fictions."

"Maybe so   yet that sometimes happens with other Histories." "Well, what shall I say, Robert?"

"Oh! say what you know is the fact:   that the substratum is Truth; nay, that the Truth is eight parts out of ten, the Fiction only two:   that the Fiction is mainly in the colouring and shading and perspective, in embodying the Genus Abstract in the Individual Concrete; in the aggregation and concentration of events, acts, actors, like   let us see   like flowers culled in many places and bound in one bouquet:   that the Chronology of the whole and the parts is in need of some rectification, and so on."

"May I not say, however, that places, persons, things, &c. are essentially as you found them?"

"Well, Charles, I do not know that it is important.   Let the

* Took Yankee leav