LEr1'rE  TO BISHOI' PALDING.



one whose authority as a correct historian of the
doctrines of your Church, no Roman Catholic will
question. He gives, in the following extracts from
his writings, a clear announcement of the real
doctrine concerning the powers of the Pope. I
respectfully recommend it to you and to the Ameri-
can public:
  "1. That the Pope has all power, not onZl
8piritual, but al8o temroral, over all the civil
government of the wrld, which properly depend
on him as regards political dominion, as subjects
and vassals, receiving from him the tenure of
government, and the power of administration in
their several states.
  "1 2. That he is a temporal monarch in all the
world, and that all temporal power comes from God
through the medium of the Pope, and is, therefore,
subdelenrted from him, and subordinated to him,
on which account there lies an appeal in temporal
and civil causes to the Pope from every civil govern-
ment, however free and independent; on which
account, also, the Pope can establish civil govern-
ments and destroy them, and can also make war on
civil powers, of whatever grade, when they are
disobedient, in order to) deprive them of their
authority and dominion; in one word, that the
government on]   is legitimate which  has the
apl)vval of the Pope, and that of which he disap-
proves is, on that account, no lawful government.
  "8. That it is his province to prescribe laws to
all governments, and to annul those made by civil
powers, when lie sees occasion ; an(l that he can
issue his commands to civil governments to repeal
any of their laws of which he disapproves.
  "4. That he has jurisdiction in temporal causes
between civil governments, and has power to
compel them to obey his judgments by resort to
force and stress of arms, if he see occasion.



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