T H E KENTUCKY

HIGHLANDERS

9

l anders Scotch and Scotch-Irish ; D r . Guerrant, of W i l more, K y . , a whole-souled and good old Presbyterian " missionary" to the mountains, and President Frost, of B erea C ollege, w ithout any reserve whatever, class the m ajority of the mountaineers as Scotch Highlanders. T he p revalence of a number of Scotch and Irish c ognomens in this section no doubt has prompted the a bove writers to reach their conclusions in this m atter. A saner v iew, a nd, in the o pinion o f the writer, the o nly c orrect one, is taken by E l l e n C hurchill S emple, w riting i n t he Geographical R eview, J une, 1901. Here the v iew is t aken t hat t he g reat m ajority of the K e n t u c k y h ighlanders are of pure, A n g l o - S a x o n o r old E n g l i s h e xtraction, w ith a m inority of the Scotch-Irish, largely Teutonic i n o rigin. W e are confronted, then, w ith t hree t heories, as f ollows: 1. Scotch-Irish. 2. S cotch-Highlander. 3. O l d E n g l i s h , o r A n g l o - S a x o n . W e s hall use the two methods of reasoning   the Destructive a nd the Constructive, and class the first and second of t he above theories under the former of t hese m ethods, a nd the third theory under the latter, or constructive m ethod.
THE SCOTCH-IRISH THEORY.

T he p revalence of such n ames i n the K e n t u c k y mountains as M c C o y , M c D o w e l l , M c i n t o s h , M c l n t y r e , M c Guire,Campbell,Calhoun,Callahan, D uff, a nd a few others, has given rise to this first theory. D r . A . S. M a c K e n z i e , P rofessor o f E n g l i s h a nd Comparative Literature in the S tate U niversity of K e n t u c k y , d eclares t hat t he term