xt7k0p0wqg92 https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt7k0p0wqg92/data/mets.xml Mayer, Brantz, 1809-1879. 1854  books b97-24-37872714 English D. Appleton, : New York : Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Slave trade. Captain Canot, or, Twenty years of an African slaver  : being an account of his career and adventures on the coast, in the interior, on shipboard, and in the West Indies / written out and edited from the captain's journals, memoranda and conversations, by Brantz Mayer. text Captain Canot, or, Twenty years of an African slaver  : being an account of his career and adventures on the coast, in the interior, on shipboard, and in the West Indies / written out and edited from the captain's journals, memoranda and conversations, by Brantz Mayer. 1854 2002 true xt7k0p0wqg92 section xt7k0p0wqg92 






































































MANDINGa 0111Oi AND HIlS SWORD BEARER.

 











(DIF AN

 This page in the original text is blank.

 



        CAPTAIN CANOT;




                  OR,




TWENTY YEARS OF AN AFRICAN SLAVER



              BEING AN ACCOUNT OF

HIS CAREER AND ADVENTURES ON THE COAST,
IN THE INTERIOR, ON SHIPBOARD, 4ND IN
           THE WEST INDIES.



           WRITTEN OUT AND EDITED FROM TUE

aptain's Journats, ftlemoranba anb goutvroations,



                   BY

       BRANTZ       MAYER.



           NEW YORK:
D. APPLETON AND COMPANY,
       846 & 848 BROADWAY.
    LONDON: 16 LITTLE BRITAIN.
            M. DCCC.LrV.

 


































           EnmTxrD, according to Act of Congress, In the year 1854, by
                             BRANTZ MAYER,
in the Clerk's Office of the United States District Court for the District of Maryland.

 







TO



                 N. P. WILLIS,

                        OF IDLEWTLD.




My DEAR WILLIS,

   WHILE inscribing this work with your name, as a testimonial
of our long, unbroken friendship, you will let me say, I am sure,
not only how, but why I have written it.
   About a year ago I was introduced to its hero, by Dr. James
Hall, the distinguished founder and first governor of our colony
at Cape Palmas. While busy with his noble task in Africa,
Dr. Hall accidentally became acquainted with Captain Canot,
during his residence at Cape Mount, and was greatly impressed
in his favor by the accounts of all who knew him. Indeed,-
setting aside his career as a slaver,-Dr. Hall's observation
convinced him that Canot was a man of unquestionable integrity.
The zeal, moreover, with which he embraced -the first oppor-
tunity, after his downfall, to mend his fortunes by honorable
industry in South America, entitled him to respectful confidence.
As their acquaintance ripened, my friend gradually drew from
the wanderer the story of his adventurous life, and so striking
were its incidents, so true its delineations of African character,

 


iv



that he advised the captain to prepare a copious memorandum,
which I should write out for the public.
   Let me tell you why I undertook this task; but first, let me
assure you that, entertaining as the story might have been for a
large class of readers, I would not have composed a line for the
mere gratification of scandalous curiosity. My conversations
with Canot satisfied me that his disclosures were more tho-
rouighly candid than those of any one who has hitherto related
his connection with the traffic. I thought that the evidence of
one who, for twenty years, played the chief part in such a drama,
was of value to society, which is making up its mind, not only
about a great political and domestic problem, but as to the na-
ture of the race itself. I thought that a true picture of aborigi-
nal Africa,-unstirred by progress,-unmodified by reflected
civilization,-full of the barbarism that blood and tradition have
handed down from the beginning, and embalmed in its prejudices,
like the corpses of Egypt,-could not fail to be of incalculable
importance to philanthropists who regard no people as beyond
the reach of enlightenment.
   The completed task rises before me like a moving panorama
whose scenery and background are the ocean and tropics, and
whose principal actor combines the astuteness of Fouch6 with
the dexterity of Gil Blas.  I have endeavored to set forth
his story as plainly as possible, letting events instead of de-
scriptions develope a chequered life which was incessantly con-
nected with desperate men of both colors. As he unmasked his
whole eareer, and gave me leave to use the incidents, I have not
dared to hide what the actor himself displayed no wish to con-
ceal. Besides the sketches of character which familiarize us
with the aboriginal negro in Africa, there is a good moral in the
resultless life, which, after all its toils, hazards, and successes
leaves the adventurer a stranded wreck in the prime of man-

 


V



hood. One half the natural capacity, employed industriously in
lawful commerce. would have made the captain comfortable and
independent. Nor is there much to attract in the singular ab-
negation of civilized happiness in a slaver's career. We may not
be surprised, that such an animal as Da Souza, who is portrayed
in these pages, should revel in the sensualities of Dahomey  but
we must wonder at the passive endurance that could chain a su-
perior order of man, like Don Pedro Blanco, for fifteen un-
broken years, to his pestilential hermitage, till the avaricious
anchorite went forth from the marshes of Gallinas, laden with
gold. I do not think this story is likely to seduce or educate a
race of slavers !
   The frankness of Canot's disclosures may surprise the more
reserved and timid classes of society; but I am of opinion that
there is an ethnographic value in the account of his visit to the
Mandingoes and Fullabs, and especially in his narrative of the
wars, jugglery, cruelty, superstition, and crime, by which one
sixth of Africa subjects the remaining five sixths to servitude.
   As the reader peruses these characteristic anecdotes, he will
ask himself how,-in the progress of mankind,-such a people
is to be approached and dealt with  Will the Mahometanism
of the North which is winning its way southward, and infusing it-
self among the crowds of central Africa, so as, in some degree, to
modify their barbarism, prepare the primitive tribes to receive
a civilization and faith which are as true as they are divine
Will our colonial fringe spread its fibres from the coast to the
interior, and, like veins of refreshing blood, pour new currents
into the mummy's heart  Is there hope for a nation which. in
three thousand years, has hardly turned in its sleep  The iden.
tical types of race, servitude, occupation, and character that are
now extant in Africa, may be found on the Egyptian monuments
built forty centuries ago; while a Latin poem, attributed to Vir-

 


vi



gil, describes a menial negress who might unquestionably pass
for a slave of our Southern plantations:
         "Interdum clamat Cybalen; erat unica custos;
         Afra genus, tota pat-iam testante figura;
         Torta comarn, labroque tumens, et fusca colorem;
         Pectore lata, jacens inanmnis, colnpressior alvo,
         Cruribiis exili:, spatiosa prodiga planta;
         Continuis rimis calcauea scissa rigebant."'

   It will be seen from these hints that our memoir has nothing
to do with slavery as a North American institution, except so far
as it is an inheritance from the system it describes; yet, in pro-
portion as the details exhibit an innate or acquired inferiority of
the negro race in its own land, they must appeal to every gen-
erous heart in behalf of the benighted continent.
   It has lately become common to assert that Providence per-
mits an exodus through, slavery, in order that the liberated
negro may in time return, and, with foreign acquirements, be-
come the pioneer of African civilization. It is attempted to
reconcile us to this " good from evil," by stopping inquiry with
the " inscrutability of God's ways !"  But we should not suffer
ourselves to be deceived by such im:aginary irreverence ; for, in
God's iays, there ion nothing less inscrutable than his law of right.
That law is never qualified in this world. It moves with the
irresistible certainty of organized nature, and, while it makes
man free, in order that his responsibility may be unquestionable,
it leaves mercy, even, for the judgment hereafter. Such a sys-
tem of divine law can never palliate the African slave trade,
and, in fact, it is the basis of that human legislation which con-
verts the slaver into a pirate, and awards him a felon's doom.
   For these reasons, we should discountenance schemes like
those proposed not long ago in England, and sanctioned by the

         'MosXe-sCarrmn Virg. Wagner's ed. voL 4, p. 30L

 Vii



British government, for the encouragement of spontaneous emi-
gration from Africa under the charge of contractors. The plan
was viewed with fear by the colonial authorities, and President
Roberts at once issued a proclamation to guard the natives.
No one, I think, will read this book without a conviction that
the idea of voluntary expatriation has not dawned on the Afri-
can mind, and, consequently, what might begin in laudable
philanthropy would be likely to end in practical servitude.
   Intercourse, trade, and colonization, in slow but steadfast
growth, are the providences intrusted to us for the noble task
of civilization. They who are practically acquainted with the
colored race of our country, have long believed that gradual colo-
nization was the only remedy for Africa as well as America.
The repugnance of the free blacks to emigration from our
shores has produced a tardy movement, and thus the African
population has been thrown back grain by grain, and not wave
by wave. Every one conversant with the state of our colonies,
knows how beneficial this languid accretion has been. It moved
many of the most enterprising, thrifty, and independent.  It
established a social nucleus from the best classes of American
colored people.  Like human growth, it allowed the frame
to mature in muscular solidity.  It gave immigrants time to
test the climate; to learn the habit of government in states as
well as in families; to acquire the bearing of freemen; to aban-
don their imitation of the whites among whom they had lived;
and thus, by degrees, to consolidate a social and political system
which may expand into independent and lasting nationality.
Instead, therefore, of lamenting the slowness with which the col-
onies have reached their vigorous promise, we should consider
it a blessing that the vicious did not rush forth in turbulent
crowds with the worthy, and impede the movements of better
folks, who were still unused to the task of self-reliance.

 

                             viii

   Men are often too much in a hurry to do good, and mar by
excessive zeal what patience would complete. " Deus quies quia
eternus," saith St. Augustine. The cypress is a thousand years
in growth, yet its limbs touch not the clouds, save on a moun-
tain top. Shall the regeneration of a continent be quicker than
its ripening  That would be miracle-not progress.
   Accept this offering, my dear Willis, as a token of that sin-
cere regard, which, during an intimacy of a quarter of a cen-
tury, has never wavered in its friendly trust.

                                 Faithfully, yours,
                                          BRANTZ MAYER.
  BALnmomE, let July, 1854.

 














                         CONTENTS.


                                                                          PAGES
CHAP. I-My parentage and education-Apprenticed at Leghorn to an American
   captain-First voyage-its mishaps-overboard-black cook-Sumatra-cabin boy
   -Arrival in Boston-My first command-View of Boston harbor from the mast-
   head-My first interview with a Boston _rcbant, WILLIAM G&AY  .  .   .   I
CHAP. II.-My uncle tells my adventure with Loan BYRON-CAPTAmN TowxE, and
   my life in Salem-My skill in Latin-Five years voyaging from Salem-I rescue
   a Malay girl at Quallahbattoo-Thefirst slave I ever saw-End of my apprentice-
   ship-My backslldings-th Antwerp and Paris-Ship on a British vessel for Brazil
   -The captain and his wife-Love grog, and grumbling-A scene in the harbor of
   Rio-Matrimonila happiness-Voyage to Europe-Wreck and loss on the coast
   near Ostend .10
CHAP. III.-I design going to South America-A Dutch galliot for Havana-Male
   and female captain-Run foul of in the Bay of Biscay-Put into Ferrol, in Spain-
   I am appropriated by a new mother, grandmother, and sister--A comic scene-
   How I got out of the scrape-Set sail for Havana-Jealousy of the captain-De-
   prived of my post-Restored-Refuse to do dnty-Its sad consequences-Wrecked
   on a reef near Cuba-Fisherman-wreckers-Offer to land cargo-Make a bargain
   with our salvors-A sad denouement-A night bath and escape   .   .  .   19
CHAP. IV.-Bury my body In the sand to escape the Insects-Night of horror-Re-
   fuge on a tree-Scented by bloodhounds--March to the rancho-My guard-Argu-
   ment about my fate-' MT UNCLE " RAFAEL suddenly appears on the scene-
   Magic change effected by my relationshilp-Clothed, and fed, and comforted-I
   find an uncle, and am protected-MIncCLrT-Made cook's mato-Gallego, tes cook
   -His appearance and character-DON RAFARL'S story-" Circumstances '-His
   counsel for my conduct on the island.                                      81
CHAP. V.-Life on a sand key-Pirates and wreckers-Their difference-Our gaillot
    destroyed-the gang goes to Cuba-I am left with Gallego-His daily fshing and
    nightly flitting-I watch him-My discoveries in the grave-yard-Return of the
    wreckers-" Amphibious Jews"-Vislt from a Cuban inspector-"Fishing li-
    cense "-Gang goes to Cape Verde-Report of a fresh wreck-Chance of escape-
    Arrival-Return of wreckers-Bachicha and his clipper-Death of Mesclet-My
    adventures in a privateer-My restoration to the key-Gallego's charges-His trial
    and fate                               -41

 


x



CONTENTS.



                                                                           PAau
CHAP. VL-I am sent from the key-Consigned to a grocer at Rcgla-Crao-His
   household-Fish-loving padre-Our dinners and studies-Rafael's fate-Havana
   -A slaver-I sail for Africa-The Areostatico's voyage, crew, gale-Mutiny-
   How I meet it alone-My first night in Africal .57
CHAP. VII.-Reflections on my conduct and character-Morning after the mutiny-
   Burial of the dead-My wounds-JACK ORMOND, or the "MONGO JOHN `-My
   physician and his prescription-Value of woman's milk-I make the vessel ready
   for her slave cargo-I dine with Mongo John-His harem-Frolic in It-Duplicity
   of my captain-I take service with Ormond as his clerk-I pans the human
   cargo of the Areostatico-Farewell to my English cabin boy-His story       e8

CHAP. VIIL-I take possession of my new quarters-My household and its fittings
   -History of Mr. Ormond-How he got his rights in Africa-I take a survey of his
   property and of my duties-The Cerberus of his harem-Unga-golah's stealing-
   Her rage at my opposition-A night visit at my quarters-EsTHYa, the quarteroon
   -A warning and a sentimental seene -Account of an African factor's harem-Nongo
   John in his decline-His women-Their flirtations-Battles among the girls-How
   African beaus fight a duel for lore !-Scene of passionate jealousy among the
   Women.                                                                    76

CHAP. JX-Pains and dreariness of the "wet season "-African rain !-A CARAVAN
    announced as coming to the Coast-Forest paths and trails in Africa-How we
    arrange to catch a caravan-" Barkers," who they are-AHMAJI-nE-BELLAH, son of
    the ALI-MAMI of FOOTHA-YALLON-A Fullah chief leads the caravan of TOO persons
    -Arrival of the caravan-Its character and reception-Its produce taken charge
    of-People billeted-Mode of trading for the produce of a caravan-(Yote: Ac-
    count of the produce, its value and results)-Mode of purchasing the produce-
    Sale over-Gift of an ostrich-Its value in guns-Bungee or ' dash "-Ahmah-de-
    Bellah-How he got op his caravan-Blocks the forest paths-Convoy duties-
    Value and use of blocking the forest paths-Coflecting debts, &c.-My talks with
    Ah mah-his instructions and sermons on Islamism-My geographical disquisitions,
    rotundity of the world, the Koran-I consent to turn, minus the baptism I-Ah-
    mal's attempt to vow me to Islamism-Fullah punishments-Slave wars-Piety
    and profit-Ahmah and I exchange gifts-A double-barrelled gun for a Koran-I
    promise to visit the Fullab country .84
CHAP. X.-Mode of purchasing Slaves at factories-Tricks of jockeys--Gunpowder
    and lemon-juice-I become absolute manager of the stores-Iteconcillatlon with
    UInga-Golah-La belle Esther-I get the African fever-My nurses-Cured by
    sweating and bitters-Ague-Showerbath remedy-Ma. EDWARD JOaEPH-My
    union with him-I quit the Mongo, and take up mny quarters with the Lou-
    doner                                                                     94

CHAP. XI-An epoch in my life In 1827-A vessel arrives consigned to me for slaves
    -LA FORTuNA-How I managed to sell my cigars and get a cargo, though I had
    no factory-My first shipment-(Note on the cost and profit of a slave voyage)-
    How slaves are selected for various markets, and shipped-Go on board naked-
    hearty feed before embarkation-Stowage-Messes-Mode of eating-Grace-
    Men and women separated-A ttention to health, cleanliess, ventilation-Singing
    and amusements-Daily purification of the vessel-Night, order and silence pre-
    served by negro constables-Use and disuse of handeufrs-Brazilian slavers-(Note
    on condition of slavers since the treaty with Spain)                      99

CHAP. XIL-How a cargo of slaves is landed in Cuba-Detection avoided-" Grafi-
    ficacionme." Clothes distributed-Vessel burnt or sent In as a coaster, or in distress

 






   -A  5lave's first glimpse of a Cuban plantation-Delight with food and dress-
   Oddity of beasts of burden and vehicles-A slave's first Interview with anegro
   postilion-tie postilion's sermon in favor of sla ery-Dealings witb   the ancho-
   rites- flow tobacco smoke blinds public functfonares-M y popularity on tie Rio
   Pong-Orniond's enmity to ne .107

CHAP. XI[I.-I become intimate with "Country princes" and receivetheir presents
   -Rovyal miarriages-Insulting to refuse a proffered wifu-I  ami pressed to wed a
   princess and mny diplomacy toescajpe the sable noose-My partner agrees to marry
   thle princesss-The ceremonial of wooing and wedding in African high life-CooxBA  110

CHAP. XI V.-JoErPl  , my partner, has to fly from Africa-How  I save our property
   _. IV visit to the BAoiEas-their primitive mode of life-llabits-flonesty-I find
   my property uinguardWd and safe-MIy welcme in the illage-Git ofagoat-Suip
   per-Sleep-A narrow escape in the surf on the coast-the skill of KEaoossvY s  . 119

CHAP. XV.-I study the institution of SLAVERIY ti AFRICA-Man becomes a "legal
   tender," or the coin of Africa-Slave wars, how they are directly promoted by 'he
   pecu liar adaptation of the trade of the zreat commercial nations-Slavery an im-
   memorial institution in Africa-flow and why it will always be relained-Who are
   made /whm  slaves-Jockeys and brokers-Five sixths of Africa in domestic
   bondage.                                                                  127
CHAP. XVL-Caravan announced-MAsmr DZ       Yo.-zo, from Footba Yallon, uncle of
   Ahmiah (le Bellah-My ceremonious reception-My preparations for tlI chief-
   Coffee-hij school antl teachling-NABIATIVE OF tits TRIP TO TiMsuc'Too-Queer
   black-board map-prolix story teller-Tltibuctoo and its trade-Slavery  .  . 129

CHAP. XVfI.-I set forth on my journey to TIrBo, to see the father of Ahmali de
   Bellah-My  caravan and its mode of travel-My Mussuilman passport-Forest
   roads-Arrive at KYA  among the MANDIcumOES-My Iloigings-IsBAIHtts  ALT-Our
   supper and '  bitters"-A scene of piety, love and liquor-Next morning's headache
   -Ali rNrSPi'A begs leave to halt for a day-I manage our Fullah guide-My fel er
   -lnsiaepatiic dose of I1lamism from the Koran-My citre-Afternoon  .   . 1I0

CHAP. XVItI.-A ride on imorseback-Its exhilaration in the forest-Visit to the Da-
    viL.'i F1rNTAmN-Tricks of an echo) aud salplur wvater-Ibralim   ant I discoumse
    learnediy upon the ethics of 9uils-My respect fr national peculiarities-Our
    l(ot s liberality-Mandingo etiquette at the departure of a guest-A valuable gift
    fromn Ibrahim  and Its delicate bestowal-Nly otffring In return-Tobacco and
    brandly                                 .148
CHAP. XIX.-A niaht bivonac in the firest-l1ammock swung between trees-A
    surprise and capture-What we do with the f,:gitive slaves-A hMandiogo upettrt
    anal his " touvn -Inhospitality-Ile Insults niy Fullah leader-A  quarrel-Tie
    M1anulingo is seized and lii towvnsfolk driven Oit-We tarry for Alt Nilipha-He
    returns and triesiiis countr3 ien--PurYishment- M.le of itlicleAting tte social
    virtues auwong these Interior tribes-We cross the Sangha on an impromptit bridge
    -Ganie-Forest food-Vegetables-A       Witch's cauldron"  of reptiles for to
    negroes .147
CIIAP. XX.-Spread of Mahumetanism In the Interior of Africa-The external as-
    pect of nature Sl Africa-Prolific land-Indolence a law of the physical constita-
    tion-My caravan's pr(gress-The A LT MAMI'S i'airrtc'rxo.i, Its value-Forest
    scenery-Woods, open plains. barraicas and ravines-Their intense Leat-Prairies
    -Swordgrass-IRiver scenery, magnificence of the shores, foliage, flowers, fruits
    and birds; picturesque towns, villages and herds-Mountain scenery, view, at
    arning, over the lowland,-An African noon   .   .    .  ,    .    .   .  W



xi



CONTNTENS.

 




Xii                              CONTENTS.

                                                                           WASe
CHAP. XXL-We approach T       a rsso-Our halt at a brook-bathing, benutiaying,
   and adornment of the women-Message and welcome from MoBAx-;DOo, by his
   son, with a gift of fb3d-Our musical escort and procession to the city-My horse
   Is led by a buffoon of the court, who takes care of my face-Curiosity of the towns-
   folk to see the white Mongo-I pass on hastily to the PALACE OF MOHAMRDOO-
   What an African palace and its furniture i-Mobamedoo's appearance, greeting
   and dissatisfaction-I make my present and clear up the clouds-I determine to
   bathe-How the girls watch me-Their commentaries on my skin and complexion
   -Negro curiosity-A bath scene-Appearance of Tamisso, and my entertainment
   there .157
CHAP. xxII.-Improved character of country and population as we alvance to the
   Interior-We approach JALLICA-Notice to SUPHtAmA-A halt for refreshment
   and ablutions-Ali Ninpha's early home here-A great man in SOOLIMANA-Sound
   of the war drum at a distance-Our welcome- Entrance to the town-My party,
   with the Fullah, is barred out-We are rescued-Grand ceremonial procession and
   reception, lasting two hours-I am, at last, presented to Suphiana-My entertain-
   ment in Jallica-A concert- Musical instrumenta-MADOO, the ayah-I reward
   her dancing and singing.                                                 162

CHAP. XXIII.-Our caravan proceeds towards Timbo-Met and welcomed in ad-
   vance, on a lofty table land, by Ahmah de Bellah-Psalm of joy sung by the Ful-
   labs for our safety-We reach TimBo before day-A house has been specially built
   and tarnished for me-Minute care for my taste and comforts-Ahmah de Bellah
   a trumsp-A fancy dressing-gown and ruffled shirt-I bathe, dress, and am pre-
   sented to the ALT MAmi-Ilis inquisitive but cordial reception and recommenda-
   tion-Portrait of a Fullah king-A breakfast with his wife-My formal reception by
   the Chiefs of Timbo and SULIMANI ALU-The ceremonial-Ahmah's speech as to
   my purposes-Promise of hospitality-My gifts-I design purchasing slaves-
   scrutiny of the presents-Cantharides-ABDULMOMEN ALT, a prince and book-
   man-IHis edifying discourse on Islamism-My submission.                   16
CHAP. XXIV.-Site of TImbo and the surrounding country-A ride with the princes
    -A modest custom of the Fullahs In passing streams-Visit to villages-The in-
    habitants fly, fearing we are on a slave scout-Appearance of the cultivated lands,
    gardens, near Findo and Furo-Every body shuns me-A walk through Timbo-
    A secret expedtlon-i watch the girls and matrons as they go to the stream to
    draw water-Their figures, limbs, dress-A splendid headdress-The people of
    Timbo, their character, occupation, industry, reading-I announce my approach-
    ing departure-Slave forays to supply mie-A capture of forty-filve by Sulimani
    All-The personal dread of me increases-Abdulmomen and Ahmah de Bellah
    continue their slave hunts by day, and their pious discourses on Islamism by night
    -I depart-The farewell gifts-two pretty damsels-                         17
CHAP. XXV.-My home journey-We reach home with a caravan near a tbonsand
   strong-Kambis in order-Mami de Yong and my clerk-The story and fate of
   the All Mnaml's daughter BEEIJIE .188

CHAP. XXVI.-Arrimal of a French slaver. LA Psiorsz, Captain Braldt-Ormond
   and I breakfast on board-Its sequel-We are made prisoners and put in irons-
   Short mode of collecting an old debt on the coast of Africa-The Frenchman gets
   possession of our slaves-Arrival of a Spanish slaver                     190

CHAP. XXV[L-Ormond cnmmunicates with the Spaniard, and arranges for our res-
   one-LA ESPERANZA-Brui6t gives in-How we fine him two hundred and fifty
   doubloons for the expense of his suit, and teach him the danger of playing tricks
   upon African factors             .   .   .          .196

 






                                                                           PAGE
CHAP. XXVIIL-CAPnr. EscimDso of the Espersnza dies-I resolve to take his place
   in command and visit Cuba-Arrival of aDanish slaver-Quarrel and battle be-
   tween the crews of my Spaniard and the Dane-The Dane attempts to punish me
   through the duplicity of Ormond-1 bribe a servant and discover the trick-My
   conversation with Ormond-We agree to circumvent the enemy-How I get a
   cargo without cash .200

CHAP. XXIX.-Off to sea-A calm-A British man-of-war-Boat attack-Relnforce-
   ment-A battle-A catastrophe-A prisoner .206
CHAP. XXX.-I am sent on board the corvette-My reception-A dangerous pre-
   dicarnent-The Captain and surgeon make me comfortable for the night-Extraor-
   dinary conveniences for escape, of which I take the liberty to avail myself .  . 215
CHAP. XXXI.-I drift away in a boat with my servant-Our adventures till we land
   in the ISLEs DE Loes-My illness and recovery-I return to the Rio Pongo--I am
   received on board a French slaver-Invitation to dinner-Monkey soup and Its
   consequences                                                             218
CHAP. XXXII.-My greeting In KAmBTA-The FELIZ from Matanzas-Negotiations
   for her cargo-Orniond attempts to poison me-Ormond's suicidE-His burial ac-
   cording to African customs                                               222
CHAP. XXXIIL.-A visit to the MATACAN river In quest of slaves-My reception by
   the king-His appearance-Scratmble for my gifts-How slaves are sometimes trap-
   ped on a hasty hunt-I  iSit the MATACAN WIZABD; his cave, leopard, blind boy
   -Deceptions and jugglery-Feitiches-A scale of African intellect  .  .  . 227
CHAP. XXXIV.-What became of the Esperanza's officers and crew-The destrue-
   tion of my factory at Kambia by fire-I lose all but my slaves-the incendiary de-
   tected-Who instigated the deed-Ormondi's relatives-DEATH or ESTUltH-I go
   to sea In a sehooner from Sierra Leone-How I acquire a cargoof slaves in the Rio
   Nunez without monley                                                     283
CHAP. XXXV.-I escape capture-Symptoms of mutiny and detection of the plot-
   How wc put it down .240
CHAP. XXXVI.-A 1' "white squall "-I land my cargo near St. Jago de Ciba-Trip
   to Hav-ana on horseback-My consignees and their prompt arrangements-succees
   of my voyage-Interference of the French Consul-I ant nearly arrested-How
   things were managed, of old, in Cuba .244
CHAP. XXXVII.-A long holiday-1 am wrecked on a key-My rescue by salvors
   -New Providence-I ship on the SAN PABLO, from St. Thomas's, as sailing rias-
   ter-Her captain and hi3 arrangetnents-Encounter a transport-Benefit of the
   smallpox-Mozambique Channel-Take cargo near QtILLIMANE-How we man-
   aged to get slaves-Illness of our captain-The smallpox breaks out on our brig-
   Its fatality                                                             248
CHAP. XXXVIII.-Onr captain longs for calomel, and how I get it from a Scotch-
   man-Our captain's last will and testament-We are chased by a British cruiser-
   How we out-manceuvred and crippled her-Death of our captain-Cargo landed
   and the San Pablo burnt .2.

CHAP. XXXIX.-My returns from the voyage 12,000, and how I ap,,ly them-A
   custuim-house encounter which loses me LA CONCHITA and my money - I get ccm-
   mand of a slaver for AvunDAs-LA ESTRELLA-I consign her to the notorious DA
   SoUzA or CHA-CHA-His history and mode of life in Africa-His gambling houses
   and women-I keep aloof from his temptations, and contrive to get my cargo in
   two months      .   .   .S



.. .



CONTENT8.

 




Xiv



CONTENTS.



                                                                             rAeu
 CHAP. XL-AII Africans believe In divinities or powers of various degree, except
    the Bagers-Iguanas worshipped in Ayudah-Invitation to witness the nurAit
    SACsIYicFs at the court of DAno.mEY-How they travel to ABOMiEY-The King, his
    court, amazons, style of life, and brutal Pesti -ities-Superstitiooa rights at LAWOS-
    The JCJu hunts by night fbr the virgin to be sacrificed-Greegree bush-The sa-
    crific-African priest and kingeraft.                                      25
CHAP. XL.-My voyage home in the EsT'Er.LA-A REVOLT OF THE SLAVEs during
    a squall, and hw v we were obliged to suppress i-Use of pistols and hot water . 272
CHAP. XL[I.-Smallpox and a necessary murder-Bad lack every where-A chase
    and a narrow escape.                                                      2T6
CHAP . XLIII.-Tbe AcGVLA DE ORO, a Chesapeake clipper-my race with the Mon-
    tesquiieu-I enter the river Salum to trade for slaves-I am threatened, then ar-
    rested, and my clipper seized by French rman-of-war's men-Inexplicable mystery
    -We are imprisoned at GOBEE-Transferred to San LD;uis on the Senegal-The
    Frenchmen appropriate my 6chooner without condemnation-How they iised her
    The sisters of charity in our prison-The trial scene in court, and our sentence-
    Friends attempt to facilitate my escape, but our plans detected-I am transferred
    to a gtiardship in the stream-New projects for my escape-A jolly party and the
    nick of time, but the captain spoils thc sport .280
CHAP. XLIV.-I am sent to France In the frigate FLORA-Sisters of charity-The
    prison of Brest-My prison companions-Prison mysteries-CORPORAL BLO_-I
    apply to the Spanish minister-Transfer to the civil prison  .  .  .  .  .281
CHAP. XLV.-MADAsnE SOBRF.T and my new quaiters-Mode of life-A lot of Cata-
    lan girls-Prison boarding and lodging-Misery of the convicts in the coast prisons
    -Improvement of the central prisons .292
CHAP. XLVL-New lodgers in our qnarters-How we pass our time in pleasant
    diversions by aid of the Catalan girls and my casb-Soir&es-My funds give omt-
    Madame Sorret makes a suggestion-I turn schoolmaster, get pupils, teach Emig-
    lish and penmanship, and support my whole party .29t

CHAP. XLVII.-MOSsRuE GFRMAINF., the forger-Ilis trick-Caase of Germalne's
    arrest-An adroit and rapid forgery-Its detection .80

CHAP. XLVIII.-Plan of escape-- Germaine's project against Babette-A     new
    schewe fr Neew Years niglbt-Passports-PiETrto NAZZOLINI and DoMENIco
    ANT(NNETTE-Preparations for our " French leave "-How the attempt eventuated  804

CHAP. XLIX.-Condition of the sentinel when he was found-His story-Prison
    re-earches next day-hlow we avoid detection-Louis Philippe receives my peti-
    tion ravorably-Gernmaine's phl!osophic pilfering and principles-His