CONTENTS.                                        iX

The Catholic liberties of the Netherlander.. 321 1 General indignation .......... ....................... 334
The struggle begins .................................. 321 The Pacification of Ghent .334
Catholics and Protestants at first combine   Approved by Don John in the Perpetutal
  against Philip .................................... 322  Idict .3.
The -ar-cry       [esttle u!...................G 3'22 Discontent of Orange.           3
Ma.,tters prec ipitated by violence .......... ..... 322 The Spanish troops dismissed and recalled. 334
Horrible exceew-it cottiniittid by i., l'ro-  Tlte war recommences..     ...        ... 334
  tetant party filly related by Pre-cott .... 323 The Netherlands become the battle-ground
The Icono la-ts and church spoilers ........... 3Z3  of Europe .334
The preelaers take the field-Anld stir up    The Catholic provinces compelled to sepa-
  the lpe'ple to violence-Churched and         rate from the Protestant ........................ 335
  coit' saked .........................   329  Outrages on their churches and themselves
Awful ridt at Atttwerp .................. .  3  c' committed byCasimir, the allyofOrange.. 33
ThoCatlhetir:Ll plundered ................... .. 32.5 An army of Lutheran  liuns-Alexander
The " two thieyves" presiding over the work.. 3235  Farnese .................... ............................ 338
Its beautiful ornaments in ruins ................ 323  Brilliant in the cabinet as in the field  337
The sacrilegious fury spreads over all Flan-  IRenews the Perpetual Edict ...................... 337
  ders.326                                    And attaches the Catholic Provinces to his
Pour hutndred   churches demolished or         government ...................7..................... . 7
  sacked in Flanders alone ........................ 327 Philip issues liYa ban against Orange ..........3 7
Awtll desolaitui ............           32S IWho replies with a declaration of independ-
Irreparable inutry to the fine arts............. 328ence........                          V,
What the    b e,( ggars" really meant and     lIe is assassinated.                     3:,
  Wanted .........................       329  Atrocities committed against the Catholics.. 3.37
Their ildea of religious liberty ................... 3.... :Menzel and Motleyv .................................. 32'
Reaeti- ......................... .       0 t Dutch Catholics extermjiinatebd ................... 339
Tunitilts s    .t... ..... ....................... 33(2 lHorrid excesses ....................................... 339
And nit in-,nrrr-,-tion quelled .....................320 ' Better Turks than P:api.t ........................ 339
lipr'-son   tnIle by these outrages on      Lutherans do not sympuathize with their
   Pltiiu ......................         330    Dutch brethren .................................... 340
 Duke of Alva the embodiment of his stern     The Catholic religion supp)re!ssed .340
 re-soly...                             330 I)iplomacy of Orange......................341
 Execu ltitun of the Catholic Counts Egmont   Ilis character.                          341
 and tn nll , and of MNonti-gny .................. 330  The butcher Sonoy ................................... 342
 William of Ora ng.-e prudently flies . ............. 3,1  llis horrible barbarities ............................ 343
 Mezsi' -it'-stInt .............................t. 31 Orange screens hitti front punishment  3a"
 Two inferene s drawn ....... -.......... 331  Vito der Marck, his predecessor in the
 Glance  at  the  subsequent   events   of   the  1),telkery .....................e........................ 344
   struggle- .................................   332  lle slays itiore than Alva -      345
 Qneen Elizatleth me-dding' ........................ 332 'Testintony of Kerroux.        345
 Trea.sures f Alva seized bv her ................-  3  The subsequent history of the Dutch Re-
 A   gene ral  gl'ton  in  consequence  of  the  puIblic  .................................................. 345
   troops he itig quartered ott the people  333  Filtal result of the struggl -         346
 Anw  of the imposition of new taxes by      (-omarists and Arminians ............................ 6
   Atlva .  ..................................33 irgJms1ofEglldn tmcln.............................  3:-
   A etma-,f333tm................               RKing James I. of England intermneddling... 346
 A caI!!ti lIte;)re ti storm  -          ..................333 I Synod of Dort ......................................... 3
 The  struggle  begins its earnest .................. 3 3  (rotius  persecuted ................................... 346
 Privatee rs cottotr thte British Channel .........-  3  The patriot Barnevelt beheaded ................ 346
 Alva recalled, tid l Reqtiesens appointed . 333  Many Protestants banished ....................... 346
 Elifzabeth coiuettingr with the irsturgents ... 334 Recapitulation ......................................... 346
 Reqte.setis succeeded by Don John of Aus-     F 'ur conclusions reached.     -         346
   tria.334                                    Religious liberty, as understood by the
 The Spanish soldiery break through all re-      Dutch Calviuists..                     347
   strtint, and sack Antwerp ..................... 334 And as exhibited in their acts ................... 348


                                    CHAPTER VIII.

              REFORMATION IN FRANCE-THE           IIGUENOTS, pp. 349-393.

 The whole history of the French Reforma-    I The delegation for examining matters of
   tion told in two sentences ..................... 350 !faith ................................ 355
 Origin  of the  liugutenots .......................-   351  Fratncis I-.............................. 355
 Calvin the founder and father of French     jlls volatile character en. otirages the Ilu-
   Protestantism .....................   352    manists and the refornmrs ..................... 356
 Leopold Rank&s Ilistory of the French         The Anabaptists in Paris       -          56
   Civil Wars reviewed in this chapter   352 The state policy of Francis tortuous and
 Lefevre d Estaples the first forerunner of      unprincipled.                          356
   Reformation .............................   352  His sister, Queen Margaret of Navarre, an
 A Ilumatnist, like Erasmus .......................- 353  open friend of the new gospelers- 3 ............ 3
 Rank6s portraiture of him .......................-   3Her poetry and writings ........................... 56
 Ranke an intettse Protestant             353 ' The Concordat.;15
 William Briconnet, Bishop of Meaux      353  And the grievous abuses which grew out of
 The University of the Sorbonne ................ 354  its perversion by the court     357