l Fixed Nicotine Spray Schedules for 1943 3;;
 ._... ..;.....;e,. 1
I `   first brood. cover ` 2 to 4 second-brood V
Calyx and sprays rover sprays (at 10-14 _
Top-off spray (First 3. days apart; day intervals) ._
. last 2, 10 days apart) I
  Z  
Schedule A \Lead arsenate 3 1b.l1)/lississippi `Misslssippl l atl
for Lime 3 lb. bentonite 8 lb. bentonite 5 lb 2
severe codling Wettable sulfur ti lb. Mineral oil 2 qts. Mineral oil 2 qis 4 EY
moth infestations Water to make 40% nicotine 40‘1 nicotine i ju
100 gal. sulfate 1 pint sulfate 23 pl < in
Water to make 100 gal. Water to make 100 gal   Of
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Schedule B `Lead arsenate 3 lb.`Commercial (14%) \Commerci;il (14·`;n  ~
for Lime 3 lb. nicotine nicotine ,
moderate codling Wettable sulfur 6 lb. bentonite 3 lb. bentonite 2*; lll  I l·
~ moth infestations Water to make Summer oil 2 qts. Summer oil 2 qts.  _ )·
100 gal. Water to make 100 gal. Water to make 100 gal. ` 01
. r:
erate infestations. In both cases, DID YOU HAVE BLACK R()'[‘? { E
the shift to nicotine is made with the ,.
first cover spray xvhjch Should bg (From Illinois Horticultural News J  
completed within 14 days after petal L<’¢f€’T) t U
fall. The first second-brood cover  i 8
SP1`3Y $h0uld be €0mPl€t€d bY 2 Black rot has appeared in many  ’ a
W€‘€k$ 8ft€1` the fifth Hl`$t·b1"00d Illinois apple orchards this year. 2 v
00V€1“ SPYHY- In W€SY€F¤ K€¤ii¤€kY Dwight Powell of our Division of 1 l
an additional nicotine spray for Plant Pathology analyzes the situa- ' l
third-brood worms should be applied tion for us:  . c
giiblizeguaia »£;t€gr;F1Sh§?I;Ogg Comparison of Black Rot and Bitter  
spray to stop drop. Rm ; '
Every attempt should be made to Many growers have experienced .
p control scab in the pre·bloom sprays. an alarming amount of black rot on  I
. If a fungicide is needed after petal apples this year. Some thought il  `
fall, wettable sulfur can be used in was bitter rot and became doubly `
the first §xgd-]qjg()’[,jn9 Cgvgy Spray 3·l81`ITl€d: Following 3.110 SOIDC Clli-  
provided the mineral oil is omitted tmguishmg €h31`3€i€1`i$l1€$·  
in that spray and reduced to 1 quart L Thc black mt fungus €u)V_¤X$ Qu- i 
per 100 gallons in the second cover ters th? applc Uu`Ough.SuCh mJPu"°$  P
Spray as 'coilllng moth entries or stings.
If bitter rot shows up (1) remove   Loy §g1l;C$}§&?’f1.g;t c°&€,?SCin5FQ
and destroy all infected fruits and common m.Ou‘nd tllé Caiyx than in
(2) Spobspray with 8·8·100b<>1‘dee¤X any other area. Bitter rot will in-
mixwre- This will reduce the ef- sept the apple directly through iiip
fectiveness of the nicotine previously unmjul-ed Skin.
applied e¤d if further berdeeux 2. Black ipt iiiiepiipii will iipi
SDYBYS 31`€ ¤€€d€‘d te k€€P bitt€1` ret change the contour of the fruit; bit- V
iu Check, it HWY be u€C€$$3}`Y te edd ter rot lesions are saucer-shaped.
1€ad_ aY$€u3t€ for Pi`0t€€tl0u from 3. Both black rot and bitter rot
ceglmg QW}? WOFTUSL) start from trunk, limb Ol` twig °
wo ississippi entonites, sold cankers froln which spores are >ro—
under the trade names of "Xll0 Fil- duced. Black rot spores infect both
trol" and "Panther Creek" have been fruit and leaves; infection on the
found by the Vincennes laboratory leaves is known as frog—eye leaf
to work well in the tank-mix form- spot. Bitter rot infects only the
ula (schedule A). Neither of these fruit.
left objectionable residues at har- 4. Black rot isn’t likely to spread
vest if the fruit was brushed. Fruit from one apple to another; thus in- —
treated with the sprays called for fection generally will appear to be
in schedule B should not need brush- uniform throughout the orchard. Bit—
1¤g· ter rot spreads from apple to apple
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