SHORTLEAF PINE (Yellow Pine)
               (Pinus echinata Mill.)

THE shortleaf pine, also known as yellow pine,
Tis widely distributed throughout the South. In
the State it is found in many counties in the east-
ern part, but is less abundant than the pitch or the
scrub pines. The young tree in the open has a
straight and somewhat stout stem with slightly as-












                SHORTLEAF PINE
                One-half natural size.
cending branches. In maturity the tree has a tall,
straight stem and an oval crown, reaching a height
of about 100 feet and a diameter of about 41/a feet.
The young tree, when cut or burned back, repro-
duces itself by sprouting from the stump.
  The leaves are in clusters of two or three, from
3 to 5 inches long, slender, flexible, and dark blue-
green. The cones, or burrs, are the smallest of all
our pines, 11/' to 21/ inches long, oblong, with small
sharp prickles, generally clustered, and often hold-
ing to the twigs for 3 to 4 years. The small seeds are
mottled and have a wing, which is broadest near
the center. The bark is brownish red, broken into
rectangular plates; it is thinner and lighter-colored
than that of loblolly pine.
  The wood of old trees is rather heavy and hard,
of yellow-brown or orange color, fine-grained and
less resinous than that of the other important south-
ern pines. It is used for interior and exterior finish-
ing, general construction, paper pulp, excelsior,
cooperage, mine props, and other purposes.



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