x ,  
y 64 Bulletin N0. 138. ‘
not likely to reappear except as it may be brought in by insects  `
from neighboring places or as it may be. introduced from the nur-
sery. The cut‘1nust be well below the diseased wood, and cuttings Z
` - should be burned. The taint may be conveyed by the knife if care-
. lessly fused in cutting out the disease.  _
T On several occasions an extensive canker of the bark of old  ‘
orchard trees has been observed in the State, the result of attacks  _
‘ of the blight organism. `  
nrcrcrim nom. .
y (Due to Glomcrclla rufomaculans).
· The rot known everywhere as bitter rot because of its unpleasant
taste is the most destructive of all the diseases which attack apples f
S in Kentucky. Fortunately it is not prevalent every season, though
constantly to be found in orchards in some parts of the State. It
is common in the mountains and in the Muldraugh Hill region,
extending thence throughout the western part of the State to the
Mississippi. On the table-land known as Bluegrass Kentucky
it is replaced to some extent by brown rot. The name ripe rot F
is sometimes applied to it because it generally becomes prevalent
I after the fruit is well matured.
Weather conditions appear to iniiuence it more than they do
A brown rot. After a season of rains an extremely hot period of _
weather will often induce a sudden outbreak of the trouble. _
It is especially important on this account to be well prepared
for it in orchards in which it is known to be established. The out-
break will sometimes come and severe mischief be done in a couple  
of days, a time too brief to do much to check it in a large orchard,
‘ and where nothing has already been done it is too late, even if the
spray is applied at once, to do the best work that can be done. The
trees should always be sprayed before the rot appears, and it is
advisable to make one application of Bordeaux mixture just before  
the apples begin to ripcn as a precaution against a sudden outbreak. l
Since bitter rot, like brown rot, lives on the twigs over winter ,·
as canker, winter pruning is to be -recommended and occasional lp
winter spraying. The diseased fruit should be destroyed at any
time it may be observed.
V - The rot is very different in appearance from brown rot, attack-