xt7qz60bx52k https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt7qz60bx52k/data/mets.xml The Frontier Nursing Service, Inc. 1943 bulletins  English The Frontier Nursing Service, Inc. Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Frontier Nursing Service Quarterly Bulletins The Quarterly Bulletin of The Frontier Nursing Service, Inc., Vol. 19, No. 1, Summer 1943 text The Quarterly Bulletin of The Frontier Nursing Service, Inc., Vol. 19, No. 1, Summer 1943 1943 2014 true xt7qz60bx52k section xt7qz60bx52k Zur Quurtrr/u Hu//riiu
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EIGHTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT
 
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FRONTIER NURSE-MID\VIFE AND BABY
1, 
THE QUARTERLY BULLETIN nf THE FRONTIER NURSING SERVICE. Inc.   `
Published Quarterly by the Frontier Nursing Service, Lexington, Ky. I
Subscription Price $1.00 Pcr Ycar `
 
VOLUME 19 SUMMER, 1943 NUMBER 1
"Entered as second class matter June 30, 1926, at the Post Office at Lexington, Ky.,
under Act of March 3, 1879."
Copyright 1943 Frontier Nursing Service, Inc.
I

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  U ARTICLE AUTHOR moe I
 ’  g An Airman’s Prayer ` Sgt. Hugh Brodie 66 |
T" ma; Annual Report 3
ll  I Belle Barrett Hughitt Memorial
 »  ` Nursing Center Inside back cover
   , Beyond the Mountains 67
  Experiences of a Student Midwife
x”      at Confluence
V4 ”‘   I 1. Article Grace Reeder 38 `
- [ 2. Article Ellen Bruce 42
  3. Rhymed illustrations Rose Evans 44-45
I
  Q  . Field Notes 73 ·
    K God’s Rent (illustrated) Doris Reid 36
  In Memoriam 20 ’
. Knowledge, 3. poem Meta Klostermcm 25 ·
Old Courier News 26  
I Old Staff News » 47  
Ready or Not, I Was Bound To Come Ethel Broughall 17
2 . I
  BRIEF BITS
  . Bloom of the Poplar, an illustration 65 I
I From an Old Primer 46
I
i Imogene and "Midget," an illustration 24 ,
Y Just Jokes, Children 35  
  Just Jokes, The Automobile 83  
kx .» 100—Year-Old Kentucky Midwife, an illustration 19  
; ' Project in Uniform (illustrated) 66 I
J `
{ ` Riding In, an illustration 16 l
r l What’s in a Name Georgia Health 46 {
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  i
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  I
 
l I

 2 THE QUARTERLY BULLETIN
HIFNER AND FORTUNE  
CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS  
LEXINGTON, KENTUCKY  p jp 
T0 the Officers and Trustees,  
Frontier Nursing Service, Incorporated,  
Lexington, Kentucky. p  
Ladies and Gentlemen:  
We have made a detailed examination of your records and `.
accounts for the fiscal year ended April 30th, 1943, with the
result as disclosed on the annexed Exhibits and supporting  
Schedules.  
Endowment and Memorial Funds were certified to us by the  
various Trustees therefor.  
Contributions and gifts, in cash, have been checked against  
the Treasurer’s receipts and reports and traced into the bank. jpl.
All disbursements have been verified by means of canceled  
checks and supporting vouchers, and the bank accounts have Q
been reconciled and found correct. ,
In our opinion all monies have been duly and properly ac-  
counted for.  
Respectfully submitted, if
(Signed) HIFNER AND FORTUNE  
Certified Public Accountants.  
Lexington, Kentucky,  
May Twenty-second,    
Nineteen Forty-three.  
iii

 FRONTIER NURSING smzvicn s
A ANNUAL REPORT
of the
;.L FRONTIER NURSING SERVICE, Inc. {
  May 1, 1942, to April 30, 1943 ,
  =  PREFACE
ld The Frontier Nursing Service presents herewith the report
Y of its eighteenth iiscal year. The fact that we were in our
Q eighteenth year came home to us when a seventeen-year-old boy
* we had brought into the world enlisted in the Navy and went off
Q into the Pacific on the California, and when one of our early girl
_ babies married and became a mother. Among a people so close
to the frontier and its traditions as the Kentucky mountaineer, I
manhood and womanhood are assumed early, as they were with
1 almost all Americans in pioneer days. The sons and daughters
  of the Frontier Nursing Service, those early babies who were
  born with so many hazards to them and to their nurses, our sons {
1. and daughters are beginning to face the greatest hazard of a  
  man’s life—war—and the greatest hazard of a woman’s life-  
  childbirth. I
  On April twenty-first, the Oflice for Emergency Manage-  
  ment of the War Manpower Commission listed the employees of .
I the Frontier Nursing Service as "essential within the meaning
  of the National List and Index of Essential Activities." Those
  who work for the Frontier Nursing Service know that they are .
  taking a vital part in a war which includes the activities of every
* man and woman and the welfare of every baby. One might al- 1
  most say the activities of every baby since its growth is essen- ,
  tial to its welfare, and its care at birth is essential to its life.  
  On the other hand, there have been, since 1939, members of j
  the staff of the Frontier Nursing Service whose morale as "con-  
,y   scientious participators" in the war made it essential for them i
  to join one of the military services of Great Britain or the United i
ig States. We feel that this question is one which must be decided Q
i by the individual and his conscience and, so far from seeking to
  retain any member of the staff who wanted to join the armed {
  . forces, we have released them and wished them Godspeed. Be- {
Q? i
 

 4 THE QUARTERLY BULLETIN i
fore this fiscal year closed, our Medical Director for the past g
eleven and a half years, Dr. John H. Kooser, had decided it was ·
~ his duty to go into the Medical Corps of the Naval Reserve. We  
I agreed to sign his release and see him off with a smile although i
“ our hearts were heavy. Aside from the regret at losing so able  
A a physician and so warm a friend, there lay ahead of us the ap-  
palling difficulty of finding a successor when doctors, as a species,  
had become almost extinct. It was like hunting for a Dodo.  
H
"This pleasing bird, I grieve to own, is now extinct."*  
The administrative problems of the Frontier Nursing Serv-  
ice in war are probably no heavier than those of other large   .
charities but many of them are of a nature peculiar to a frontier _  
country. There was a time (now happily remedied) when we  
couldn’t get horseshoes and horseshoes are essential to child-  
l birth with us. Nearly all the blacksmiths have gone to war and it
the Service has to send the Hyden-Wendover blacksmith to most  
of the outpost centers every three weeks to get the nurses’  
horses shod. Nearly anybody can put on a shoe, but to "turn"  
it on the anvil and put it on right is an art and lame horses in  
the mountains testify painfully to the almost total disappearance g
of that art in war. The routine administrative work of the Serv- dj
ice such as the bringing in and transporting of many carload —
lots of hay, the wrestling with and controlling of our terrible  
mountain slides, the upkeep of plumbing and deep-well engines »  
. and pumps in our more or less inaccessible buildings; all of these  
things are now terrific headaches and they never were easy. The  
thing that keeps us going is the overwhelming support and  
friendship we have received from our members all over the coun-  
try, and our patients in the Kentucky mountains, and the knowl-  
edge that to meet one’s obligations at home is to keep faith with  
the men in battle. t
W
I  
FISCAL REPORT   _
The fiscal statements in this annual report are taken from  
the exhibits and schedules of the audit, which was duly made by  
I-Iifner and Fortune, certined public accountants; and the figures  
I ' Oliver Herford V  

 __ V. i I _ __ _____ V _ __,_ A,__, _____,___,;.-4;,,;.;:.-sxx;.-LT.;-·— ~-——·- 
L · FRGNTIER NURSING sERv1oE 5
j in the report of operations are supplied by the statistical depart-
; ment of the Frontier Nursing Service.
.. Our receipts this year from all sources for running expenses, ,
P new construction, retirement of debt and new endowment were {
’,  $187,572.26 (Exhibit B of the audit). Of this total, the sum of
Q  $67,471.63 is new endowment as follows: $65,704.12 from the I
E,  residuary estate of Nelson Fant, $1,513.51 second payment in a
ey legacy of Marie L. Willard, $54.00 interest from Eliza Thackara
fl Fund transferred to endowment, and a gift of $200.00 in Govern-
  ment bonds.
  The total number of subscribers to the Frontier Nursing
  ‘ Service during the year was 3,414, the largest number we have
—   ever had. Total gifts and contributions were $87,075.63, in- `
ig elusive of $2,676.25 from the Alpha Omicron Pi National Sorori-
gi ty and chapters for Social Service. Our investment income from .
  endowment for the year was $11,671.18. The grant of Federal
  scholarships for the Frontier Graduate School of Midwifery was .
  $4,800.00 and the income from the Wendover Post Office was
  $818.77. The balance of the money came from a variety of  
_’ sources including benefits, the income from the Bargain Box in Q
{ New York, and $6,910.89 in medical, nursing and Hospital fees.  
  ENDOWMENT  
,g Q
  The total endowment funds of the Service up to date are .
  taken from Exhibit D of the audit and are as follows:
  Joan Glancy Memorial ........................................................ $ 5,000.00 ¥
  Mary Ballard Morton Memorial ........................................ 85,250.83
`A Jessie Preston Draper Memorial Fund No. 1 ................ 15,000.00 ‘
  Jessie Preston Draper Memorial Fund No. 2 ................ 50,000.00 -;
, Belle Barrett Hughitt Memorial ........................................ 15,000.00 I
" Isabella George Jeffcott Memorial .................................... 2,500.00 j
. Bettie Starks Rodes Memorial .......................................... 5,000.00 - 1
Eliza Thackara Fund .......................................................... 1,075.87 ,
W Marion E. Taylor Memorial ................................................ 10,000.00 ;
`— Fanny Norris Fund .......... . ................................................... 10,000.00 ;
  Marie L. Willard Legacy .................................................... 3,013.51 *
by _ William Nelson Fant Memorial (Note) .......................... 65,704.12 I
*  Anonymous General Endowments .................................... 102,400.00
Q Mrs. Charles H. Moorman Bonds ...................................... 200.00
.l| —-—;-
·,  Total ............................................................................ $370,144.33
  Note: This does not represent the entire legacy of Nelson Fant. The
  Frontier Nursing Service is residuary legatee and the estate has _
,3 not been settled.  
 .E

 D 6 THE QUARTERLY BULLETIN ;
CASH IN BANKS `
The current accounts and salaries of the Service were paid  
l up in full at the close of the fiscal year, and the cash on hand in Q
banks and petty cash funds was $14,302.27.  
, INDEBTEDNESS  
The Frontier Nursing Service owes $10,000.00 left from a  
total of $50,000.00 loaned by its Trustees during 1930-1932, to  
enable us to tide over that difficult period. The Service is also .  
indebted to the older members of its staff for the sum of $14,-  
893.35, representing the amount, on a two-thirds basis, of un-  
paid salaries during the same years of adjustment and reduc-  
tion. This sum is reduced annually. I  
L — REAL ESTATE, BUILDINGS, AND EQUIPMENT  
(From Exhibit C of the Audit)  
The Frontier Nursing Service owns realty, equipment, and  
livestock conservatively estimated by our auditors, after adjust-  
ments in values have been written down or up, at $256,330.07,  
all without lien.  
INVENTORY 4 j
. An inventory is taken every spring of the property of the  
Service. Among its major holdings are the following:  
Hyden  
, A stone Hospital one wing of which is the Mary Ballard Q
Morton Memorial, one wing the Mary Parker Gill Memorial, and Q
a frame Annex, Memorial to "Jacky" Rousmaniere; Joy House,  
home of the Medical Director; Aunt Hattie’s Oak Barn, gift of  
Mrs. Henry Alvah Strong; the Midwives’ Quarters for the Fron-  
tier Graduate School of Midwifery; water tank; two tenants’ ,
  cottages; and out buildings such as garages, work shop, pig "?
house, forge, engine house, fire hose house, and the Wee Stone  
House.  
Wendover ~ _.]·
Three log houses, as follows: the Old House ("in memory j; 
of Breckie and Polly"), the older Cabin, the Ruth Draper Cabin;  
the Garden House; the Log Barn; numerous smaller adjacent {-

 __ _ , . ,_.__ n,__ ,_ - ~· ·-· — ··~— · " *  .`
. FRONTIER NURSING SERVICE 7
‘ buildings such as the Upper and Lower Shelf, heifer barn, horse
x hospital barn, tool house, chicken houses, forge, apple house,
_ smoke house, engine house, {ire hose houses, water tanks, and
  the Pebble Work Shop. i
  Georgia Wright Clearing s
; A caretaker’s cottage and barns; extensive pasture land
  for horses and cows; a bull’s barn and stockade.
  Jessie Preston Draper Memorial Nursing Center
‘   (Beech Fork; Post Oiiice, Asher, Leslie County)
  Frame building and oak barn; water tank and engine house;
  fenced acreage for pasture and gardens; deep well.
S'
  Frances Bolton Nursing Center n
  (Possum Bend; Post Office, Coniiuence, Leslie County)
  Frame building and oak barn; pump and tank; fenced acre- .
  age for pasture and gardens; deep well.
  Clara Ford Nursing Center i
gg (Red Bird River; Post Oiiice, Peabody, Clay County)
  Log building and oak barn; engine house and Hre hose l
E house; deep well; tank; fenced acreage for pasture and gardens. l
V l Caroline Butler Atwood Memorial Nursing Center K  
ig (Flat Creek; Post Office, Creekville, Clay County) 3
  Frame building and oak barn; tank and fire hose house;  
  walled—in spring; fenced acreage for pasture and gardens. t
  Belle Barrett Hughitt Memorial Nursing Center*
wi (Bullskin Creek; Post Oiiice, Brutus, Clay County) .
  Frame building and oak barn; tank; iire hose house; walled-
  in spring; fenced acreage for pasture and gardens. _
  Margaret Durbin Harper Memorial Nursing Center i
i (Post Oiiice, Bowlingtovvn, Perry County) i
  Frame building and oak barn; tank; fire hose house; walled- l
{ in spring; fenced acreage for pasture and gardens. i
  Subsidiary Clinics  
1. Five small clinic buildings on the following streams: Bull
A;  Creek, Stinnett, Grassy Branch, Hell-for-Certain Creek, and the
  Nancy O’Driscoll Memorial on Cutshin Creek.
  * A picture of this nursing center is on the inside back cover of the Bulletin. (

 s THE QUARTERLY BULLETIN i
Livestock ,
Twenty-seven horses; two mules; thirteen cows; two heif-  
ers; two calves; over four hundred chickens.  
Equipment S 
Equipment includes: three old Ford cars (two Model A’s  
for district use); one Ford station—wagon-ambulance; two old _;; 
Chevrolets; tanks; engines; pumps; farm implements; plumbers’  
tools; iifty pairs of saddle bags; saddles; bridles; halters; hos-  
pital and dispensary supplies and hospital and household fur- -  
nishings in twenty buildings variously located in a seven-  
hundred-square-mile area.  
II _ - ;J
_ REPORT OF OPERATIONS  
HYDEN HOSPITAL  
The Frontier Nursing Service Hospital at Hyden was occu-  
pied 5,966 days last year by 692 patients with a daily average of  
16.2 patients. Of these patients, 365 were adults, including 212 gg
obstetrical patients, 196 were children and 131 were newborn.
There were 13 deaths in the Hospital during the fiscal year, of , `
which 3 were newborn and none were obstetrical. At the Medi-  
cal Director’s clinics in the outpatient department of the Hospi-   ’
tal there was a total of 5,601 visits paid during the past fiscal   1
year. '  
T Our major surgery was handled by Dr. R. L. Collins of  
~ Hazard who, throughout the years, has made the twenty-five  
mile trip over from Hazard to Hyden at any hour of the day or E
night when we called upon him and with no charge whatever to J
us. He charges the patients only what they can pay and makes jp
the time-consuming trip as readily for indigent patients as for ;
those who can meet a small fee. What the Frontier Nursing  
Service owes to this brilliant surgeon and devoted friend can ‘  
never be put into words.  
Our own Hospital charges are $1.00 a day for adults other  fj; .
than obstetrical cases and payment is accepted in produce or »  _
labor if necessary, or is waived where the patient is completely  
indigent. However, with so many thousands of men in the armed  lj

 f F1>.oN·r11z:1=e NURSING snnvxcn 9
; forces from the Kentucky mountains, and with the allotments
  they send home, our people are better off during the war than
Q they have ever been since our work began. Our Hospital makes I
  no charge whatever for children and all maternity cases are I
  charged a flat fee of $5.00 with no extras. Not infrequently A
l  during the past years the patients have made gifts of food to the I
 _ _ Hospital or free work to show their appreciation of the care they
a.; have received.
  In spite of the terrific pressure on doctors everywhere dur-
  ing the war, we have again had as a gift the ine services of Dr.
  F. W. Urton of Louisville for his regular annual tonsillectomy
  clinic, and of Dr. Francis Massie of Lexington for his special
  gynecological-surgical clinic. Many patients owe their relief V
Q from permanent disabilities to these two brilliant men.
  DISTRICTS ‘
  S In the 12 districts carried by the Frontier Nursing Service
  from the Hospital, Wendover, and 6 outpost stations, we attend- ~
  ed 8,455 people in 1,752 families. Of these 4,798 were children, .,
  including 2,171 babies and toddlers. The district nurses paid j
l 18,749 visits and received 23,185 visits at the nursing centers  
  . and at their subsidiary clinics. Included in this figure are the l
_Q 5,601 visits received at the Hyden clinics. In addition to this, Q
Y we held 140 special field clinics, with an attendance of 4,278  
  · people. Bedside nursing care was given to 1,925 sick people on `
  the districts, of whom 16 died.
  At the request of the State Board of Health, the Frontier
{ii . Nursing Service gave 4,688 inoculations and vaccines against 1
  typhoid, diphtheria, smallpox et cetera, and sent 1,204 specimens
  for analysis. 9 ·
. This part of our report has reference to general district j
  nursing only and does not include the midwifery carried day and  
  night by the nurse-midwives. The figures for midwifery are  
gg covered under the following section. j
  MIDWIFERY l
fl ‘ ( Registered Cases
  The Frontier Nursing Service admitted 346 new antepartum
 lj patients to its regular midwifery service and closed out 355 g
 · l

 { ~
Q 10 THE QUARTERLY BULLETIN ;
mothers after postpartum care. The Service delivered 337 pa- ’ 
tients. _
Of the 337 women delivered, 262 were delivered in their own  
homes—199 by graduate nurse-midwives, 63 by graduate—nurse   _
l student midwives. The remaining 75 were delivered in the Hy- Q
` den Hospita1—7 by graduate nurse-midwives, 61 by the student Yg
midwives, and 7 by doctors. In all cases delivered by the student  
_ midwives, the students were under the direct supervision of Y,)
nurse-midwives. Of the 7 cases delivered by doctors, 3 were  
Caesarean sections (2 performed by Dr. R. L. Collins and 1 by  
Dr. Francis Massie), 2 were forceps deliveries by our Medical  
Director and 2 were breech deliveries by him.  
Of the 337 women delivered, 1 miscarried. Two of the  
women were delivered of twins. There were 325 babies born at  
, full term, 13 prematurely, and 5 babies were stillborn. There  
were no maternal deaths.  
l ;EII1€1'gBllCy Cases  
The Frontier Nursing Service was called in for 22 emer- °
gency deliveries by patients who had not been seen during their ‘?
pregnancy and had received no prenatal care. Of these 22 ,
women, 9 were brought to the Hyden Hospital and 13 were at- “ 
tended in their homes. Sixteen of the women in this emergency {
group called in the nurse-midwife because of miscarriages. Of  
the babies born to the remaining 6 women, 4 were born alive at  
full term, and 2 were stillborn, premature babies. The student ?
midwives delivered 7 of these emergency cases under the super- ;
vision of their instructors. Two of the miscarriages were Lf
handled by the Medical Director and for 1 of the other women  
he had to use forceps. The remaining 12 were delivered by the ,
graduate nurse-midwives.  
I A point of interest, although it cannot be unduly stressed,  
in comparing the registered maternity cases and the emergency  
cases is the fact that in the group of 337 patients registered be-  
fore delivery there was only one miscarriage; in the group of 22  » ` __
emergency deliveries by patients who had had no prenatal care,   i
there were 16 miscarriages. In other words, among the women " 
with prenatal care there is a miscarriage rate of .3%, and among  `
the women without prenatal care there is a miscarriage rate of  `

 5 FRONTIER Nunsme SERVICE 11
V  p nearly 73%. Good as it is to have this indication of the value of
_ 4 prenatal care, we cannot stress it for two reasons. First, the
  sampling is statistically too small to be of much use, even _
  . though similar samplings in our previous Annual Reports and in I
', hundreds of other scientific studies have shown similar trends.
Y§ Second, undoubtedly some of the 16 women who did miscarry I
  in the emergency group of 22 women would have miscarried even .
Q7 with prenatal care if they had registered with us as early as we
  try to get our patients to register.
  In addition to the emergency deliveries, the Frontier Nurs-
  ing Service was called in to 9 mothers after they had been de-
  Jlivered and because things were going badly. Among these 9
  patients there was one maternal death, that of a woman deliv- a
  ered by an old midwife on the edge of one of our districts. The
  d family called us in on the sixth day after delivery when the pa- ,
  tient was dying from eclampsia. The district nurse-midwife
  stayed in the home as a special for this patient during the nfteen
  hours she lived. V V
  Outside-Area Cases S
it The Frontier Nursing Service delivered 48 mothers who  
{ came from outside its territory. Of these, 47 were delivered in Q
.  the Hyden Hospital and 1 in a home in one of our districts where  
  the woman was visiting. These women were delivered of 45 full {
{ term live babies, 2 full term stillborn babies, and 1 premature i
  stillborn baby. The student midwives delivered 44 of these .
i mothers; the Medical Director 2 (both requiring the help of for-
  ceps). The other 2 Women were delivered by the graduate *
  nurse-midwives. There were no maternal deaths. 1
, THE FRONTIER GRADUATE SCHOOL OF MIDWIFERY
  The report for the midwifery training school for the past  
  fiscal year covers the completion of the six months course for 5
  the fifth class of graduate students and all but the last three .
— ~ days of the course for the sixth class. All of the students passed Q
 “ l . successfully the final examinations given by Dr. Chenoweth from  
  C the Board of Health of the Commonwealth of Kentucky and {
- 1 ’ were authorized to use the letters C. M. (Certified Midwife) in ‘
 l addition to their R. N. (Registered Nurse). The four students _
 V selected by the Frontier Nursing Service in the fifth and sixth
 é {
 ‘ I
 -' I

 12 THE QUARTERLY BULLETIN j
classes were Miss Marian Cadwallader, lMiss Minnie Geyer, Miss ‘ `
Gladys Moberg and Miss Grace Reeder; and the four Govern- Q
I ment-sponsored students were Miss Ruth Herron of New Mer- ;
‘ ico, Miss Aileen Murphy of Alabama, and Miss Ruth Davis and  
— Miss Gene Stout, both of Georgia. These four returned to their  
own States after graduation to carry on for the duration. The  
instruction given these graduate nurses in midwifery is of a high  
order and an illustrated booklet on the Graduate School will be  
sent any interested reader upon request.  
It is hard to convey the human side of all these iigures we  
have given, hard to express the value in terms of the mothers  
and babies they are to us. Our low maternal mortality rate is  
not accidental. It could not be achieved by accident. Let us  
take just one of these case figures of mothers who didn’t die,  
that of a woman on the Hyden district who had a terrible  
{ haemorrhage following childbirth. In her own home and under  
the most primitive conditions she had an intra-uterine pack, E; _
plasma from our Hospital blood bank and blood transfusions.  
She had special graduate nurses day and night for four days.  A
That is why she lived and now sends a thank-offering of five  ;,
dollars with the following letter:  
"David is one year old today and we just couldn’t let the , 
day go by without telling you how much we enjoy having him, Qi
and we are so grateful for the attention you gave us. Sam said g i
tell you he never ceases to be thankful for the kindness of you  
nurses and Dr. Kooser."  Q.
. SOCIAL SERVICE DEPARTMENT `: 
(Alpha Omicron Pi Fund) .  
The Social Service Department cared for 25 dependent chil- fi 
dren during the past year as follows: 7 at Mission Schools, 1 at  ‘¤
Berea, 6 at the Blind School in Louisville, 4 at the Deaf School  
in Danville, 7 placed in private homes. Z 
- Intensive care with relief was given to 5 families where  
~ there was no regular breadwinner. The heads of 2 of these fam- ~, 
ilies are tuberculous widows. Through the generosity of a Chi-  La
cago Trustee, we gave garden seed, seed potatoes and potato  ;.
grower, sweet potato slips and so forth to 12 families where the Q 
head of the house was a widow or a bedridden man and where  
there was no son old enough to be in the armed forces and send  
home allotments.  
(A  ·

 T Fnoiwimn NURSING smavica is
· ` The Social Service had the care and placing of 2 court cases
Q for the Federal Government.
; Through the courtesy of the Louisville and Nashville Rail- ,
  road, 84 passes were issued to the Social Service for patients and [
  attendants sent outside the mountains (and brought back) for
  medical care or diagnosis or hospitalization. The Children’s Hos- l
  pitals of Louisville and Cincinnati and the physicians in both
  those cities and in Lexington gave our patients free care and
  every courteous consideration.
  Through Social Service, hundreds of books were distributed
  to the loan libraries of the Frontier Nursing Service nursing cen-
  ters and to mountain schools.
  Through Social Service, quantities of clothing were dis-
  tributed, especially to children, and milk and other protective
  foods arranged for special types of cases of nutrition. p
s
  oUEsTs
  The Frontier Nursing Service entertained at Wendover 62
 Q overnight guests a total of 270 days and 170 guests for a total V
 ;, of 421 meals only. Included among these guests are both out- g
  side and mountain friends. No exact record has been kept of  
{  the guests at the Hyden Hospital and six outpost centers.
  VOLUNTEER WORKERS l
  Twenty-one couriers and other volunteer workers worked
`,  for the Frontier Nursing Service a total of 1,158 days. They
  lived at Wendover, Hyden and the outpost centers.
  CHRISTMAS
  Through the generosity of the friends of the Frontier Nurs-
Qi  ing Service from all over the United States, the Service was able, j
  during the past year, to give toys, fruit and candy, and clothing ,
._  to those who needed it, to more than 5,000 children at Christmas,
 is as in prewar years. The Christmas parties went forward as p
 ,_ usual all over our area with Santa Claus and Christmas carols. j
  A
 tl EIGHTEEN-YEAR TOTALS  
  It will be of interest to our members to read a few totals  
  covering the whole eighteen-year period of our work. T
Q  |
 2 I

 _ _ 14 , THE QUARTERLY BULLETIN Z
Patients registered from the beginning .......,.........._.....___,.,,. 24,530 ‘
Babies and toddlers ..............................,...i............. 10,252 §
 , School children .........................................,.............. 5,373 _‘
Total children .................................................. 15,625  
1 Midwifery cases (reg.) delivered .............................................. 5,273 Q
; ` Inoculations——Tota1 .................................................................... 123,029 [
1 _ Typhoid .................;.................................................. 86,653 ·
~ T.A.T. or Toxoid ......,..........,.................................. 21,856 " 
Other ........................................................................ 14,520 2%
Nursing visits paid in homes .............................................,...... 327,724 __
Visits received at doctors’ and nurses’ regular clinics ........ 310,729  
Visits received at doctors’ and nurses’ special c1inics* ........ 89,920 plus  
Patients admitted into the Hyden Hospital** ....................,. 6,163 .Q
Number of days of occupation in Hyden Hospital** .......... 61,495  
, III  
BUDGET FOR FISCAL YEAR 1943-1944  
5  
, The budget for the current fiscal year is again set at $104,-  
000.00. This is the same budget as last year. We actually spent if
last year, in running the Frontier Nursing Service, $105,717.73  
but our receipts were larger than our expenditures. We think SQ
that the difference in the budget set and actual expenditures is  
accounted for by the added costs of Hospital supplies, carload  
lots of hay and food. There is another uncertainty, aside from  _
the rise in the cost of necessities, attached to fixing a budget and {
that is the estimate we label "Repairs, Upkeep and Replace-   ‘``·
ments." Our long experience in operating in so rough a country  ]
as this does not enable us to predict accurately each year just T 
how many slides we will have, how many broken retaining walls,  A
how many cataracts of sand at the bottom of the two-hundred- j 
foot Hospital driven well, how many repairs to deep-well engines { 
and pumps. Last winter, for example, the pipes connecting the j 
Hospital water system from top to bottom were torn apart ?’ 
underground by sliding ground at eight different points on  ’
several different occasions. We don’t know how often that will s, 
happen this coming year or what other things will happen of a  S
like nature at some of our Widely scattered properties. The  `Y
$2,500.00 we allocate for repairs, upkeep and replacements will , '
only cover the bare elements of maintenance.  'p
*These include clinics held by visiting physicians in gynecology; neurology; eye, A-  A
ear, nose and throat; tracoma; orthopedics; pediatrics; helminthology (worms, in-  ‘
cluding hook worm); and pellagra. y_ 
” For 14 years and 6 months. The F. N. S. Hospital at Hyden was opened in the 7:
fiscal year 1928-1929 and operated only six months in that year. , 
s

 V ERoN·1*IER NURSING SERVICE 15
` _, We wish again to bring out the fact that, out of our budget,
M $59,000.00 is allocated to the salaries of our field workers, and
, yet no one in the Frontier Nursing Service except the Medical
; Director receives over $125.00 a month, and new workers less. ' ,
  Out of this, each pays her own maintenance and her own taxes.
;, These salaries are too low and we know it and want to do some- I
  thing about it. The point we emphasize here is that our field
  work is so vast that even these low salaries total $59,000.00 an-
if nually.
t_· We give here an analysis of our budget, accepted by the
  trustees of the Frontier Nursing Service at their nineteenth
5 annual meeting at the Lafayette Hotel in Lexington on May 29,
  1943. g
  Field Salaries ........................................................................ $ 59,000.00
  Field Expenses (General)
  1. (Bulletin, stationery, stamps, printing and
E appeals, auditing, advertising, telephone and
g telegraph, oiiice supplies, etc.) ............