xt7tht2g8d3k https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt7tht2g8d3k/data/mets.xml Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station 1944  journals  English Lexington, Ky Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station Kentucky fruit notes, vol. 2, No. 8, August 1944 text Kentucky fruit notes, vol. 2, No. 8, August 1944 1944 2012 true xt7tht2g8d3k section xt7tht2g8d3k  
Vol. 2 August, 1944 N0. 8
_] W. D. Armstrong, Horticulturist, Editor
THE I’RE·HARVEST pound of soybean flour to 100 gal-
HORMONE SPRAY lonrshof ipray 1S rsuggtpstgd. t
e pray s ou e pu on
By A. J. OLNEY thoroughly and heavily with good
The value of a hormone spray for *’f`°S$“Y°i dppdt fen days to nm
prevention of pre-harvest drop of weeks befmii ??1.\£C§df1m°{ Og dd
apples seems to be well established iimn as imin lm gems O mp
for varieties subject to fruit drop S O CC asm ten ays .t° threc
. _ weeks. Usually one spray is recom-
Just befoie the apples are mature mended but wher bmw t 1bO
enough to harvest. These include is Scarcé th ik.n€ \€s a by
Red Delicious, Paducah, Rome, JOM- extended {Sr Pac éeiksealsori Ymag e
than, and Stayman. In tests in 1943 Sécond S ra .uSt beforg th; Eamy Of;
on these varieties in commercial or- the nomgal iirvest Of com Q Sul
dppdpi dip pplpppd dpdp drdpppd that has S on the tree too his mal
3 to 5 bushels per tree fewer apples become ion and Overri Q ang IOS;
than the unsprayed trees. The fruit market value p
on the sprayed trees developed good The hOrmO'n€ material mav be
ddpp ddd ddd Wpdp much pf dip combined with 3 im Maaate Oi
dropped fruit was poorly colored fixed nicotine S ra_ for comma
and under-sized and had a low mar- moth if 3 Seriozs yemm, ence O?
kct Valua Tpppd Sprays made a third-brood develo s in si tember
handsome profit for the material and and 3 late Spray lis necessgry It
ldppp Cxpcndcd . has also been found that these ma-
—— It was also found that thc {rmt terials can be applied effectivel ’ in
on the sprayed trees could be picked the {Crm Of dust and Commcgcial
Y a5_ over a longer period. On some trees, dust mixtures arg available.
00*00 the smaller and greener apples at
mil_ haiiyegt tinge wererlleft to mature adnd ———
. pic e a er. ese app es e- , ,
iii); veloped good color and size. Thus, PEACH AND PLUM FRUIT`
J€,._ Snrall grpenNcu1fs wefe made to de- ING TESTS-1944
ve op in o o. app es. —
big: Some varieties rarely drop their W'     and
Indi_ fruit prematurely. These include ‘ ‘ I
;Ou,.i_ Golden Delicious, Gano, Winesap, Kentucky is greatly in need of
and Bhd Black Twig. On these varieties peach varieties that are hardy ’
hmmonc Sprays USUBUY RTO h0t Di`0· enough to resist both winter bud-
fitable and they may be undesirable. killing and cold and frost injury
Gp d In 0¤€ trial Oh Golden Delicious during the blossom period. \Veather
.y in the fruit could not be picked with- during the winter of 1943-1944 was
gt°“· put bfeakihg the Spurs until the such that practically no peach fruit
s re- fruit was over-ripe. buds were killed by cold in Ken- _
·is zi The hormone may be obtained tucky. This condition along with
dis- from dealers in spray materials and the heaviest fruit bud formation in
Osely if is sold under various trade names, recent years combined to p1‘0dl1C‘€ _
itute, Such as Fruitone, Stop Drop, App- the heaviest and showiest bloom
S di- L-Set, Niagara Stik, and others. It within the memory of many COIN-
iungjl 5h0Ll]d be used at the strength mercial growers. Due to \\`H1`H"1
intiyg i`€C0mmCnCl€·d by the manufacturer, weather in mid—wi1l't€l‘ tht} bloom- .
Rect- The use of a spreader sticker helps ing period was earlier than usual.
OUP the effectiveness of the spray, One In late March and early April, how-
] as Quart of summer oil or one-hall ever, the weather was unsettled,
’cach _
BULLETIN OF TIIE KENTUCKY AGRICULTURAL EXI’E1{Il\IENT
STATION, LEXINGTON, KENTUCKY

 it with several cold spells and frosty Full crop: South Haven, Veteran,
periods a week to 10 days apart dur- Vieeroy and Dr. Burton.
ins thc DC3€h·bl0$$0ml¤éi l¤‘*`l*‘d·- Three-fourths erop· June lilberta
Each Of **1056 wld Pmods wok it oi-tote, stmtieaiii, U. Is. v. ti-00, ve; 2
mu Of blnssimnsi SU that Pm Snmc dette, llalchaven and Colora; also V
· Slms the enum Cmp wus wlpcd ‘“n· Bruce 1\Iuuson and America plums ’
In other locations and sections ` , . i` ~
some varieties came through with 0“°'h"" .°"“n° On“`ll_°i hnff ,
ninciicniiy A fiiill Ci.nn_ in nL,nL,i.ni‘ Beauty, Marigold and U`. S. V. i-it-. ,
the southern section Or the shit.; 0110-fvyrtly cron: Lzuily Ittisc.  _
suffered heavier than the northern Iflcini (“"".`¥i“'_ B*`ll“`· I`**"`lY_ mn  »
part; since temperatures were about }"'°“`· Mumw l"i’Sf*_ A}i"“· _("’i(l""  t
the same, yet the southern section R“i““iYi·   S·/X i‘)‘_‘)_‘i· I") OR/it S“"n·  [
was further advanced. These con- ,in_*"%"}‘· i in {‘\'¥·"}n~ 90 ‘*"""‘ l~
i ditions proved an excellent test of `)( dm Soul] ****1* l\U‘ “ ‘ _ i
cold resistance by blossoms N0 crop or only an occasional _
peach: Gold Allame, Golden Jubi-
Tne Variety tcst <¤`¤l¤¤r<¤‘f¤¤‘m¤¤¤<>S by inc "m`lOn$ "m`ic‘ Golden Globe. Sunhigh. White llale.
ties, that indicated their ability or `
inability to set a crop of fruit in ··—·‘
` the face of disastrous spring frosts
and freezes during and shortly after BLOSSOM BLIGHT OF
the blossom period. Although at _
this writing harvest is some time PEACHES
off for most varieties, it is now pos- Thc hinssnin blight iync hi iiiiiiii-
sible to €$nm3t€ the _$tZC Of thc of peaches has become very wide-
crop the various varieties have set. Sniicnd Gini. Wcsicin Kcnincky (ini,
I¤ Order ‘¤<> t>¤SSth1Si¤f<>¤`m¤ti<>¤ ¤¤ mg the last tow spasms alia wss .
to the growers as quickly as pos- isi-simply more destructive in 1944
sible some of these ratings are_ listed than any yciii i)i·C\-iOiiSiy_ Thi;
below- A fuller 1`€POi`t Wnl bc trouble has generally been more
Workcd UP 3ft€1`h31`\`€$t· prevalent on the Red Bird and
t Thc ratings nn thc Vaiiiciics at Champion varieties, butrin 1944 it
i Lexington nm given in.5i_ The \.ni.iC_ developed alarmingly in several 1
ties ai-G djyjdgd iiiih groups accord- Elberta plantings and was especially
ing to the Sim Oi ci-On they dm damaging in an Llberta orchard at
considéycd id bc can-ying_ Henderson where it had not been a _
Full crop: Mayflower, Arp Beauty, mem? bcimu _ _
Rgiyjtayi ROSO, Gdidch Jiihiicci Mai- This blossom-blight trouble is
qugttgi South Hgiychy Sim G10, Hdic- caused by an early season brown .
hgvgny Vcdcttey Vjcgi-Oy, Mdmic rot infection that enters and kills ·
Ross, Veteran, July Elbertg, Persian thc blossom andlmany small twigs
and Hunter NQCt3i·jnOS_ Hl'l(-l S])Lll`S OH Z`tllC(-Ztfjd l.l`CCS. l'llt`
Three-fourths my Polly Trio §""C°‘°{,d b"’SSi§“‘S and S“`“§ld""‘““
_· » ‘ urn rown, ave a scorc e ap-
gemt Aft¤fg1<>w»_ Olimlcy Sun G‘nd> pearance, and eventually dry upi
Belle Of Ggmiglat Vahanb Fmllc often leaving a small canker with a  »
Hale, Harpole Late Yellow and Sure bii Oi Wax dt ihc iOCniiOn_ This
Cmp Nectarine blossom blight stage of brown rot
One-half crop: Hardee, _Othelle, has been recognized l`or several
Goldeneast, Red Bird, Elberta, Niles years by Experiment Stations in
Elberta and Hiley. the central states. Several of these
Que-fourth crop; (jghddkay Rcdgi- states recommend a wettable sulfur
bgrtg, 5ummGi·Ci—CSi, Suiihighy Gold- spray in the pink bud stage _|ust be-
@{1 Glgbgi Ambgi-ggm and Rivers lOl`C l)lOSSOIT1S O[)(‘D~. $G\’t}l`Zll Oll`il`l`
· Orange Nectarine_ States 1‘ecti:mme1i1d/lidtiiczl lnnle sullur ,
_ · , . _ at strengt is of ,3 o ga ons per
One nlglith mop` Ncwday 100 gallons of water applied in the
N° 0101)* Gold Anam? late pink bud or very early blossom -
The June 15 ratings at the Sub- stage. It is generally considered _
station at Princeton are as follows: that the lime sulfur application is _
   V

 mr far more effective than wcttablc even an average year. These low
sulfur in preventing this trouble. yields are accounted for largely by
fa. Kentucky spray letters since 1942 the growing conditions of the 1943
rtl- have recognized this disease and summer. Rainfall was exceptionally
159 recommended a pink bud applica- low during the summer of 1943 fol- A
  tion, A number of growers in the lowing a late, very wet spring and,
[5 1 Paducah section used the wettable as a result, plant growth of all
*_·!· sulfur spray in 1943 with varying varieties was poor. As might be
  > results. In 1944 several growers ap- expected, Blakemore produced
  plied the llg to 2 gallons of lime more plants under the dry condi-
_m _ sulfur per 100 gallons of spray when tions than any other variety and
1111 1 their peaches were in theadvanccd jtg yields were 1133111, 3111131 10
· pink bud stage and obtained con- 111163 01191111
‘ siderably better control than pre-
mil   viously. No report of spray injury OVOY H D01`i0d of several years,
'b1” has been had and no evidence of Blakemore and Premier have been
[Em  — spray injury has been seen from the the most consistent producers, but
—""‘   use of the lime sult`ur at that stage the yields from these varieties in
SL  2 of l>€1¤€l1 Milf d0\'€l0Pm0¤i· AS is both 1943 and 1944 were lower than
M9 ; known. the weather is cool and there 31.3 USL13111, 01313111Gd The r1—€1111€S_
 L is VUYY mil'? lmilcll follilgc 3`Ql $lC‘ see varieties and several others fell
1 veloped prior to the peachrblooming 1311 $1101.1 1111S year O1 111,311. 1.31.1.
ueiiod. Consequently, it is safe to 110311 1.131dS 111 1943. F111.111€1. 1€S1S
use the weak lime sulfur spray at 3111 11311111 C311131;1 011 11-1111 all 1-31-13-
tlwt time H¤~~‘<>\‘¤1v lim Sulfur tips. it-ni the exception Or Dresden
1_  . sprays should never be applied to 111111311 111 tcsts CD1-31~111¤ 3 1131.1Oci
E13   trees after the blossoming O1 1111313 1,031.51 has 11O1° 111.01.133 10
,_ " · be a variety worthy of further trials
  `\\'here serious, this blossom blight under central Kentucky conditions.
1911  . stage of brown rot will heavily re- Starbright, likewise, appears to
1~111S duce vthc number of blossoms and show but little promise. The quality
1111.3 1 the size of the crop, and will help of the fruit is excellent. but plant
111111 Q carry over infections that can later growth. even in favorable years, is
1 11 1 attack the fruit prior to and as rip- too limited and yields are too low
C1111 _ ening begins. The pre-harvest to warrant its recommendation. In
11111. brown rot sprays and dusts gener- most seasons, Catskill will produce
1 111 ally start three _wceks to a month exceptionally well, but the results
111 11 1 before each var1ety ripcns. with a in 19-14 prove quite conclusively that
‘ second application applied about under conditions of inadequate rain-
__ two weeks before harvest begins. In fall in the first growing year, it will
Owl]: - 1omi quar1§1·s11it istconlsidered b1~ne- not measure up to expectations.
_ icia o a imc o iesc >re-iar-
kills 2 vest tt-ample Spii-pi sprays lp ada- Tim dwbls 1`¤wS.¤f Bl%l<¤¤¤~‘¤
was 1 to help correct Spine pr me aeiat-ea "'l“°*‘ Sl‘°‘Y"Fl uw l“gh°?l Ydtls Qi
T_l“` ` arsenical injury to the foliage which amy Yalllcti   l94_4` lxelg SI1" H. Hi Z
“;‘¥* often shows up late in the season H10 1t:H,1“\11l?‘ “1a_l1‘1_1111 a1?€1;El1\S
T11; as a result of the sprays applied at 811CD1-;1E1S11Q1;1.i   111;, 1.011.S 31§1°1113
111 11 _ th; ShuCl»-fall mid l0·€l·l1 l>¢‘ll0d>· 1~011·S (mp met apart. Then similar
This 1 0a°h_glO“'C1`s QVC migod te *39911 pairs of rows were set four feet
1111 tie alert for_ this blossom blight ppm-{_ All runners were removed
UC1111 1rouble and, it it has. been a factor 1-10111 me 1,13111S 31 31,1,1—0X1m3tp1y
g. in 1];113l°11l°8Sl· to SDNY m 1945 to l)l`C‘ two—week intervals thrtiughout the
,11pgp ' · · summer, so these p ants were
1111*11r actually grown in a hill system.The "
1 bc-  . berries were exceptionally nice and
1111111 ' LEXINGTQN STR,A\VBERRY 1-111e yie1d as shown by the tilfle, was
1]1`111‘ 1 J.) Cl`Ll CS l`l`lOl°L‘ DCP HCYC `lillll OY
Q 1113- -   the Blakemore grown in the matted
11111t · · ’ row.
·ssom Strawberry yields nt. the Experi- The following table gives the var-
lercd ment Station Farm, at Lexington, iety yields, comparisons and dates
an is ln 1944 were much lower than l'or of harvest t`or 1943 and 1944.

 i .
‘ Strawberry Yields—l944 and 1943 below so that the bud soon falls to
_ mt
I24_Qum.I Crmes pei. Acre) the ground. The egg hatches mto a IICI
__i ____ grub which completes its develop- (III.
. ` ec '"` U, T ment in the fallen bud. me
I __ ‘__I_ _ \ __     The insect is partial to early ra}
\.ul¤>     gg:   varieties. Aromas are rarely lll- lll]
Ei; I Qi;     jured. The fact that the insect _ I?
  ruins the early blooms means the I 5i
Blakemore lt15.;I.,1;;•.».;;i5I;]¤_I»IIIIs[I5·2s-n;_I’I] 10$$_ of UTC €‘El.I`ly l8l`gC berries which ill"
I II I ordinarily bring the best prices. In lll
EIi;§g{l]“;}§\\_S)lI-O .,{ ;I.I.I_I;   0thCl' States where trouble has been le
L I “ "`   ` ‘ Q'   ‘ had with strawberry weevil, they Sei
Premier ,___,, I107.1I' s7.l‘5 20—G.GII5,I2l1—6/ll recommend several dusts such as I Sh
  - _ -, ..,i.I.. ._. I (1) lead arsenate 1 part, and hy- I Fe
Catskill ........ I i4.G240.oa 2- b_r~Il 6/1 tl/It dratcd UIUC 4 parts; (2) lead me I IS
Dresden .....l.. I 55.0l13T.2l5.25—¤S'RI Il/1-6/ll senate 1 part, and gypsum 9 parts; Ie
__ le n_ T .,.,,.:,,3 _.,_, and (3) cryolite. In some cases n O
C··I*—* ‘ ‘‘‘‘ I ¤°`1;1°l`OI° “` 6 EI) lb/l` liquid sprays are also used. The el
Fgrirfnx  II 54.2I24T.SX5/23—€·'SI5/illell/ll' growers choice of what to use will Yl
. . .· ` s ` O ·r se · ..r .   depend on what is available at the ·
. I —I gi ..I 1-.1!l.>4. ., _.-. ....» .ll~t»_ ll . I
mum xt I   OI M I time. Treatment should be made YI
'fegllgeasee I _ _ _I___ _ 7 __ _I__rI_I_ before the blooms begin to open, as ri
”l"m’“" M   6°‘°’]""" " *0* bl" 'b_G’/H this is when the beetles first appear. Ill
Tennessee l l l l 1...
Supreine I 5l.`l`25l,lI5I’;Z()—6'5I5”2S—t$’14 7
I I l I .
Tennessee II M_ I [qu OL II)_ GIIII (In G/N    
lmllllt}  II 4l.JI...J.i.-.1 -.)— .II 1,I..·—_ I  
Gandy   1T.0I156.0.5_/129-6WSI G/S—G/10 VV D ARMSTRONG
,· . .......... i3. .... "2—6.'$l.... ..... i I . . I
Umm l Gll I°/ G I At the Substation at Princeton. c.
"_""”"‘ ‘ ' ' the l943 strawberry plantings made A I:
STRAWBERRY WEEVIL IN   f31F%}’tSHtlSfHCl(éI`}’ grogth. Get- .\
ing 0 o a goo start uring the T
I KENTUCKY cool, wet spring, they were not 'I‘
By P. O. RITCHER seriousy affected by the dry I I
  Of Entoynolggy and Botany \VC3tAl'l$I`d l8§Cl` OI'].- TllC ·[)lHllllll§X ' J
Reports have been coming in that E? SISOSI. 2.ep?Ie;l$§; \OE}uLfgI_O¥;;Il I
the strawberry weevil was on the Blakemore Temwsgee BC.III‘II,` I
increase this year and caused con- Te,meSSee’ShIppeI_ ,1ZCmICS§CC‘ 39·3‘ II
siderable damage to patches in the Massey and Merggm TIICIC WCIIQ I
]?’eWlm$b1GI`ee% eregd Thethlnscct also siiigle plot plantings of such FI
lespensl e IS esell e m IS ae varieties as Fairmore, Maytime, U. .
Fclel, S0 Qigwegs hmsig bed mme S. D. A. Blakemore, New York 72:21. I
tig? mr W1 IS 3 IS an com Tennessee Supreme, Tennessee 381,
· Tennessee 230 and ten U. S. D. A.
The strawberry weevil is a very gegdlinggh ` i
small snout beetle about 1/10 inch Th I I I. I I d IW . I-
1e¤g· It is dull red te bleekish in ea1‘lyCAI>ai‘ilcaiI2;d§ sdrgie sllelitcdaiii- l
eelerv eften with 8 dark SPM On age to early blossoms; however, on I
each Wmg COVER The weevil is. 3 the morning of May 7, when the l
nellve mseet b¤‘¤€d¤¤a en wlld late blooming varieties were white ‘
strawberries, COmlj!‘l0H C1¤€1U€[0ll, with bloom, a sharp frost and frCCZC `
red b‘;ld» bleekberrles and deWbe1" caused marked damage to these up- `
¥leS· Since all ef these ere ebendent turned, exposed blossoms and small
m Westeln Keml}ekY» It IS 1>¤¤l>¤l>l<> fruits. At that time the earlier
the mfestetlen m Our sl?l`eWbe1`YY blooming Blakemore had set much of
giggles meved ever [rem the Wild its fruit and most of the developing
· berries were down under the foliage.
Adult weevils appear shortly be- Even so, with temperatures of 28 .
fore strawberries begin to bloom. and 29 degrees all over western
The female lays an egg in an un- Kentucky and with ice and heavy
opened bloom and then cuts the stem frost in spots to the Tennessee line,
4 .

 to much damage was done to all varie- the standard late variety in western
il ties of strawberries and in the Pa- Kentucky.
‘l>· ducah section some growers esti- Maytime, Tennessee Supreme,
` mate the yield on late blooming Tennessee 230, Fairmore, and New
·ly varieties was reduced at least one- York 7821 are showing promise as
n- third. This freeze coming just one varieties for home and local mar-
ict week before Blakemore harvest kets.
hc started, froze completely many half- Massey and Morgan, late sorts,
eh grown berries and froze the cheeks gave very low yields in comparison
1,, of many others causing these berries with all others.
e,, to be lopsided. _ Late in the picking
ey season a majority of berries picked
as showed varyiggf degrees of frost- A PROMISING CONTROL
,_ ` catfacing and e ormity. The above
3, . is a partial explanation as to why FOR CEDAR AND e
ts. some ofléhe latcgggarieges lgave such QUINCE RUST
; I ow yic s in 1 4 an w y nearly
  all varieties gave much smaller W· D· ARMSTRONG
qi] e Y1€ldS than ¤01'1'¤8l· Because of the many red cedar
he The game bC1O\\r g,\·es the ,944 trees scattered over Kentucky, the
ide yields in crates per acre, for the i>r<>b1€m Pi C€d3I` 6PDl€ Fust is Q¤it€
as varieties harvested from first year Gl factor m many home ¤r¤h¤r6s and
s,._ plots at p,·,,,eete,,_ in some commercial apple orchards.
· t This was especially true during wet
_ ;;t;;.,;i.;—;j-;-;; springs such as those of 1943 and
Y é 19-14. There is also another similar
3 , LL disease that is closely related to
v-,,,,,.,,. Q si Q: cedar apple rust, known as quince
, 7; {T ii rust. Cedar rust occurs as small,
 » éf PQ   bright, yellow spots on leaves and
on. ___..__/A;.;;;'_;, has yellowish. small, raised. vvarty
ide s i:i;iia·in··i-e 4 17•: i·:in-ly areas on apple fruits which are
et- .xi··»iii;i   i uci iam- fairly easily recognized as rust spots,
the · T·—iiiit·sst·.» izerniiy 4 sic: l,:iti· very often near the calyx end. On
not _ 'l`•-iiiiessi-i- siiip,».·i·. 4 ac xieaiiiiii the other hand, quince rust causes a
lry — T __ __(__ _ l·i:¤rl>· heavily wrinkled and badly dis-
H13 ` · \,'_"1'l‘ji""`     lll "·f"`l*` torted area on the fruit, near the
est   K ‘, ·({ wl`; stem or calyx, giving a water soaked
na, _ klwignllx ·· 1 W; ,_j_‘;fI_ appearance to the area, causing
ity, , a_"·I—l New _ __ _ I 1,;) I·jj‘_l’_ many young fruits to become badly
t93, _ T_n"`_;_‘_'_ ‘__[""""" 6; gj"_," deformed and to fall. These areas
ere . ,_,#`,;;;);_;;‘ ·"' 1 lu;   do not have the typical symptoms ’
ich ‘ ,,.;_Hm,__‘_\_‘ ,__l I   l_Qj M} of rust spots. Infected fruits con-
U. Y__“_ {wk js,] I ,j_f, ,_jj‘,_,;_ tinue to fall throughout the growing
321, -   Q I) \"“ ' "` · season with usually a number re-
igli T i;i.,4,.,.,,',,i,.,§ , .,.., ,_.,,,.,\. maining on the tree until harvest. `
A. ` ` "__ " ` These are usually worthless because
the brownish disease growth ex-
of Here it will be seen that the tends to the core of the apple.
nn- ` Blakemore gave the highest yields Both cedar apple rust and quince
on Of all varieties. These are two of rust overwinter mostly on the red
the the yellows resistant strains of this cedar and related trees, and during
iite \‘H1‘iety. It should be pointed out the early spring rains spores are de-
eze that in commercial fields some yel- veloped and carried to nearby apple
up- ‘ lows is gradually appearing in these trees, generally about the time of _
wall i Strains and growers are urged to the apple blossoming period. Cedar
lier   keep their planting stock free of rust. spores develop in the so—called
iof { yellows by removing all yellow cedar apples on the cedar trees.
iing t Dlants as they appear, Tennessee During the early spring rains these
ige. ? Beauty, Tennessee Shipper and Ten- absorb moisture and devolep into
28 nessee 393, promising new coinmer- large orange-like balls with masses
ern cial varieties, did not come up to of spores extending from them. On
avy . the Blakemore variety this season the other hand, quince rust appears
ine, f but greatly out-produced Aroma, as yellow cankers on the small twigs
° 5
mu:.

 .|
li and limbs of the cedar tree. If t`ects of quincc rust. On the other oro
present, both of these types can be hand, the trees that had the straight {or.
- easily found on cedars during the sult`ur program had an average ol
early spring rainy season. 554 quinee rust infected drops; or ~  
The usual spray materials such as G'; times as many as the Ferinair V lll?
. lime sulfur and wettable sulfurs ap- plots. These tests are being carried .  
plied during the pre-blossom and out on Stayman, Red Delicious, and l_;l_
calyx periods have generally failed Winesap varieties. Additional E ’ *
to control these two diseases and counts will be made through the Clllll
the amount of injury from them has $L*liSOIl, as well as harvest records in ` LH"
been chiefly dependent on the order to get a complete picture of  
amount of rain during March and the trials. U bl}
early April- Th'? n€“’ fungicide ma' The reduction of early season in-  
teri¤1,k¤0\V¤ 35 F€l`In8l€» has Sl\'€n fections and drops bv use of tilt . in
~ good C0¤l1`0l of both 8Dl>l€ scab and Fermate is very interesting.; and  
» cedar rust in some recent tests 1¤ represents an important saving of 3_(
` lVliSSOuri and other states. This fruit. The Fermate sprayed trtis
spring H small Hm0L1¤l of the ma- also have much less cedar rust leaf '
terial was obtained for trials at the spotting than the others. App1·· lil<
Western Kentucky Experiment Sub- scab has also been well controllevi dif
station at Princeton. The material to date in the Ferinate plots and thi
did not arrive until tinig for the the llrltll l`eSLlltS (lf these tests arr C0
pink spray and was then used in awaited with much interest. be
the pink spray, full bloom spray, 3
calyx spray, and in the first and T"? Bt
second cover. Applications were be- rt
tween April 3 and May 5. The fre- KENTUCKY STATE FMR- Gi
quent sprays during that period 1944 ar
were needed because of the fre- _ _ V. . _ V __ , ea
quent and heavy rains and ideal Alml Sl"l’l’mg ll‘° _l°m*· lm k<
scab and cedar rust infection con- Kgntilclw Slat? Fall “}ll bs nj ar
ditions that existed. In one test the Slllned m l9`H· BOCQUSC °l_“`m` “"‘l`§ fo
Fermate \/vas used at the rate Of 1]/3 being QHl`l`1eCl Ol] Ht the l`2]1l‘ gl`Ollllft§ W
‘ pounds Of Fermate and lré pounds the fair will be held at Cluircliiil
. of lime per 100 gallons of mixture. Dmvns mls YM"` and the dam ljffi T
i On the other plots 3 mixture Of 3 it are from Monday, August -¤·. .  
` pounds of wettable sulfur and le through Molldayi S“l’l°mb°l` 4- if
pound of Fermate per l00 gallons Of special interest to fruit men ` f,
was uggd_ The sulfur plots that and to a large part of the public. in ff
were used for cgmpgiriggn received ,&fCIlO1`£1l, will be the exhibit of Kell-  
2 gallons of liquid lime sulfur in the lL1ClF¤$l· 2,
pink bud stage and 6 pounds or wet- these exhibits of apples, peaches. H
table sulfur per 100 gallons during D€€n`$, g1`€ll>€$» l>lU¤lS» Grill) ¤l>lll<’F· L
the other sprays mentioned All walnuts, hickory nuts, pecans, and g
plots had rgqgivgd lime Sulfur Sprays ])2l\Vl)8\V$ ll8\'e 21tt1`2tCleCl wide £tllt‘ll· U
in the delayed dormant and pre-plnk tion. With a good fruit crop in the
stage, state this year the fruit exhibit
Shortly after the calyx period a Should be outstanding. The limit- a
number or small qulnee rust ln- ing factor will be the general ruslt \‘
fgctgd apples wgi·@ rigticgd On [hg £lllCl SllOl`l€lgC of lZ`tl)0l` {lI‘1"t()ll;{ l'l`Llil ~ ll
straight sulfur plots while it was SYOWQYS- 5
difficult to find even one in the Fer- Due to the earlincss of the fair l
mate plots. It was soon noticed this year (August 28), peaches and ‘
that the number of infections in the grapes should show to special advan-
sulfur block were quite numerous tagc. In view of this, special classes. 1
and were causing many young fruits have been added for the best peek j
to drop. During late May and early and best half bushel of Elbcrta. A j
June the dropped fruits under sev- Hale, and any other variety. Also. l
eral of these trees were picked up, a sweepstakes ribbon and award ;
classified, and counted. Up to June has been added this year for thc
8 the trees that had been sprayed best basket of peaches. The usual
with the wettable sulfur and Fer- exhibit of the best plates of peaches
mate mixture had an average of 85 and best climax basket of peaches is
fru1ts per tree fallen from the ef- being continued. The fine peach
6

 0tn€1` crop in the state this year should af ‘ ‘
_. _ _ - public, in ¤en ·l. Wh ·
FEW; ford some striking peach exhibits. cannot be Bpreiediit, theiiririigwviili
;_ gr The grape vm-icty Collcction has be placed for exhibit if it is sent in
.,%,8,0 been reduced to five varieties be- tv the tam Fruits that !`tD0¤ COH-
lwied cause of the increased difficulty in $lu€¥`ablY fihcad of the fair that need ,
Y and gllingl the old ten variety} 'classi g;$i;§§i‘€;g;<é¤Shshgu(lldb be careifully
( so, iccause none was ex unite ' ID G y prepai ex-
$1],;;; during the past few years, the plate Dress te The Kentucky Statt? Fail`,
Us in class? for} Agav;*am arid Brighton 1(€/Itgugatlllg DEJWYTS, $11 gaqg gf The
._ - varie ics iave >een ciscontinued.   Hu S ce_ an o torage
IL UI Prizes will still be offered for the Companyr LeulSVi_ue· K€ntU€kY.
in in V best} plulcs of Niugway Cam, Ca_ Strchgshipmentst will be stored under
_‘ tawna, Delaware, Concord, Moore's lic H me um a ml expense tO tnc
[ ,;:,2, Qmlyv wmdony and any other \,m__ growerland be delivered to the fair
V] r‘ lt; ~ tety. Also. the awards for the best §‘_wPnd* bcfmic the Opcmng Of the
  3-quart and l2-quart climax baskets. Sigmd gpiotiguit I S¤¤§¤‘¤¤t€¤d¤¤t
> . _ ’ Q
t]u,g _ The apple exhibits will again All Old exhibit? suc .Sh1HmQm'
Apple likely furnish the bulk of the fruit return to thef -.0 ethalgi im/1 ee .tO
rolled display. Plate and tray classes for .md new {ru-tau.wl eu. exhlblts
< and   the main Kentucky varieties will be 20,.5 are mviteglO;;%rS\\i?gO;;S1b€‘
s are continued, as will the collection of » - _ Y O
bcst plates of ten varieties and best JO]? the Othels tO· compete for a
, 3 summer and best 3 fall varieties. ?;iCidO§nti2;i$5g0'00.t1n p§€m1umS.°?f`
Bushel prizes will be offered this ,.Ggq,.dm tl; {ep? mgpbi {l¤¤¤1¤€S
IR year for best bushel of Delicious. sen; d·.gt {Q1 ex 1 ltsi Ou1d.b€
· Golden Delicious Grimes Jonathan ` · ucc to 8 State Fame OfflC€*
; and my Othm \_ju_iCw ·buc {O U · Louisville, Kentucky or to W. D.
¢ .' ~ ¤ _ · IC . . _· .
th carliness of the fair the bushel bas· g;§.E,;g?,g’KC,5§E;§1m€nt Stenom
* __“ ket classes of Winesap. Stavman, ` '
e“_(;I$§ ; andulgtvonie have bleen discontinued "_‘
_ _ _ or is year: as ave the trays of w
  p Wmcsap and Home HIl\TS AND OBSERVATIONS
Us {Oy ` The feature apple exhibit will BY W' W' MAGILL
~t gg_ again be the 20 tray and 20 plate Field Agent in Horticulture
i , class made up of at least three var- 45 Cents yveu Spent
, mw i ietics this year instead of five. This _ _, _ · .
[lip in fact will make it easier for the I EL?} Foincmalael m Kcmgcky IS
.K‘m_  · growers to get together their rc-   OfO1CI§C?C1€;n3ndDi)C hss
Dag, qiurcments for this class. There has Lnmj you hagcy ac pgéch ciipsii
_ " aways been keen competition in , V .
@{9%- this aaa tm-Ca.   from the ¤1¤#¤m’ N0 doubt She thougm the
l>l>¤>· LOL, .·1l, _ _ _ . , spring freezes killed your peach
    a—a1?Q£S tm‘i§S’i1¥£tCi;°§2‘2?m{Zl2°` Cm SCG   Met ¤·¢wS¤¤¤e·
{EWS;     Of   M Mayen- Y $§l“€iQC“%.%l§i-Sid.%?y—~*%l§2J‘I·?pEE§S
`xnunt Gmat i¥}t01i¤$t is BEND €0¤t€1‘Cd peaches at our grchard in July and Q
limit- about the individual growers‘ booths August. Prices reasonable. Watch
l rusli where all kinds of fruit and products for our later advertisement. John
; fruit produced on the fruit farm or vine- Doe. Orchard near (give town and
yard are displayed. Since this fea- road.)"
C {nip ure was started in 1939, it has been It M- ht Hav Bee you
rs and \'€1`Y €0l01`fU1 mid D0Dut31`· Two welgks of Jiiry service costs
lu"¥'ll_‘ Professor C. S. Waltman of the apple growers $4,000l It was be-
ilussci Un"'t`l`$tt>’ of Kentucky will vain tween green tip and pre pink bud
iblltjglk V Judge the fruit entries. Mr. W. W. stage of growth on Red Delicious.
    Maglll, Extension Horticulturist., will The spray motor went bad to the
{    _ be on hand much of the time to as- extent that the farm laborers could
ufl H12   S1_St growers with their exhibits and not make the necessary repairs and
u {ll 4 discuss fruit proglems. W. D. Arm- adjustments. They failed to get
Uflllfq strong, Superintendent of the fruit the lime sulphur solution applied in
EY";_‘¥·_  V u0D€11‘iment will be on hand before time to control apple scab. Con-
»· lf lla and during the fair to be of all pos- servatively speaking, it cost the
pcm  _ sible service to exhibitors and the owner 2,000 bushels of Delicious.
i 7
·~ .152:- rr _

 "
Agricultural Experiment
Station l`t*ll;lii}’ for pri\‘:nl¤~ use ln ;ii‘»»i·1
of the ]Y2l)'lll\'lll of p¤»sl:ii;¤~ $Z$•¤¤¤.
UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY
LEXINGTON, KENTUCKY —————--————-——
Thomas Cooper, Director
FREE—ANNUAL REPORT OR
BULLETIN OR REPORT
OF PROGRESS
However, every cloud has ai silver eared 1`or could have bought several
lining. He has a fine crop prospect bonds now.
for Winesap, Stayman, Rome and Tmmcsgcc Shipper
Gano. "
A plot of 1/10 acre of Tennessee
SO"`Y_BOt TOO Late Shipper strawberries in Je1`1`ersoii
The bob-tail orchard mice com- county made a yield of 21 crates in
pletely girdled 40 valuable ten—year- 1944 berry harvest; or 210 crates
old apple trees in February in an per acre. Premier in the same 1`iel