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_ Hot Beds and Cold Frames. 17
the hot bed; second, as a place in which to start medium
early and late vegetables and flowering and bedding plants;
third, as a means by which early spring and late fall crops
of lettuce and radishes may be brought to maturity; fourth,
for carrying over winter the hardier plants like cabbage,
kale and cauliflower; fifth, for flowering pansies, violets and . ·
English daisies. If not used during the winter for any of
the above, it can be utilized as a storage pit for celery,
parsley, or some of the root crops.
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Fig. 12. Head and leaf lettuce ready for cutting at Thanksgiving time.
HOW IS IT CONSTRUCTED? Cold frame construction is
essentially the same as that of the hot bed. The frame may
be permanent or temporary. The permanent frame should
be made of brick, cement or heavy plank and should extend
to the bottom of the pit. The pit for ordinary purposes
need not be as deep as that for the hot bed since no heating
material is required. However, if it is desired to use it as a
storage pit for half hardy flowers an excavation of three
\