xt70cf9j516g https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt70cf9j516g/data/mets.xml Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station. journals kaes_circulars_004_605 English Lexington : The Service, 1913-1958. Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station Circular (Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station) n. 605 text Circular (Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station) n. 605 2014 true xt70cf9j516g section xt70cf9j516g By c. 12. c1-1A1>L1N
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1)E1’A1\TMENT OF HORT1CUL'1`Ul{li ,~ LEXINGTON CIRCULAH (505
I The Citation Strawberry
By C. E. CHAPLIN
I A strawberry breeding program at the Kentucky Agricultural
Experiment Station was initiated in 1950. Its objectives are to
develop varieties, adapted to Kentucky conditions, which are dis-
ease resistant, productive and bear fruit that is firm, of high quality,
i large, bright, and superior for both fresh and processing markets.
To date, 145 crosses involving 20 varieties and 40 selections as
‘ parents have produced over 100,000 seedlings. The variety Citation
resulted from one of these crosses.
i Citation is a selection derived from the cross Fairland X Ten-
nessee Shipper, made in 1951. This selection was made in 1953
and was tested under the number Ky. 12-51-10.
` This variety makes a good matted row of large, vigorous plants.
lt is susceptible however, to leaf spot and leaf scorch, and standard
control measures are recommeiided.
Citation blooms 1ate—bctween Pocahontas and Tennessee
i Beauty—and matures 3 to 4 days after Pocahontas. lt does not
V produce so many blooms as does Tennessee Beauty or Pocahontas.
· Probably because of the lighter set of fruit, fruit size is maintained
` better than that of most varieties throughout the season.
I The fruit is l`I1€C11Lll11-1&1l'gC, firm, mediuin-red with a bright red
interior. lt is blunt conic and more regular in shape than most
I varieties. The seeds are flush with the surface (Fig. 1).
» PRODUCTIVITY
Citation has been productive in variety trials. Table 1 shows
production at Lexington, Ky., compared with that of important
Table `I.—- Production of Three Strawberry Varieties, Lexington, Ky.,
Quarts Per Acre
i Variety 1956 1958 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 Av.
· Citation 9,528 7,080 9,528 6,360 7,416 6,936 12,000 8,407
` Pocahontas 8,136 6,240 7,896 6,504 3,936 8,664 9,552 7,275
Tenn. Beauty 4,272 7.080 7,080 6,072 4,440 9,672 ° 6,436
·= reiiiicmt Beauty was not iiieiiiaeti in the 1964 titans.
3
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Fig. I.- Typical single fruiting cluster of Citation strawberry. ·
connncrcial varictics of Kcntucky. It lcd in production in 4 of thc
T ycars and ticd with 'l`cnncsscc Bcauty 1 ycar. It had thc highcst ·
avcragc for thc T·ycar pcriod. .
'I`rials wcrc conducted in othcr parts ot thc statc, but yiclds ‘ _
wcrc not takcn in rnost cascs. Citation produccd grcatcr yiclds than .
thc othcr varictics in 3 of 5 ycars at thc Princcton Substation in I V
\\'cstcrn Kcntucky. Production was ratcd as "high" to "vcry high"
in othcr locations. I _
'I`rials wcrc conductcd in othcr statcs in IO6-I. Tablc Z givcs
thcsc rcsults and connncnts. _
SHIPPING QUALITIES
Shipping tcsts indicatc that Citation is Iirni cnough to with
stand thc rigors of shipping. 'l`al>lc % shows thc rcsults of shipping
tcsts in l‘7(>il. .\ largc nunihcr of varictics and sclcctions wcrc in· _
volvcd. hut only part of thcni arc includcd in 'l`al>lc -5. Thc fruit
was pickcd at Lcxington in thc firm ripc stagc. gradcd, and placcd ·
in lo-quart cratcs. ilihc cratcs wcrc thcn transportcd to Cincinnati
in an opcn truck. thcn hcld at rooni tcnrpcraturc, and cvaluatcd
4
Table 2.-- Production and Comments on Citation Strawberry, 'I964
Yield,
Location Comments Qt/Acre
Columbia, Mo. One of highest producers 7,000 —l—
- Lafayette, Ind. Quality above average, ———
. perhaps too dark
Wooster, Ohio Good quality, firm, 12,000
somewhat light in center
Salisbury, Md. Grew well in a very dry year 8,000-9,00U
_ Beltsville, Md. Very good, productive, -——
good size, finn. Subject to
mildew in low location
_ Knoxville, Tenn. Firmness, size, shape, and ———
surface very good
_ Auburn, Ala. Performed exceptionally well ——--
the next day. After this evaluation they were transported back to
. Lexington and evaluated again. Thus, the fruit was finally evalu-
ated after having been held a total of approximately 48 hours at
room temperature and after having been transported about 200
miles in an open truck.
PROCESSING QUALITIES
‘ Large numbers of selections and varieties were processed by
' freezing each year. They were sliced, sugar added at the rate of
l pound to ~l pounds of fruit, and quielefrozen in metal cans.
- Table 3.- Evaluation ot Seven Strawberry Varieties After Shipping, 1960*
Shipment No. 1 Shipment No. 2
]une 2 ]une 4 ]une 9 june 11
Arr. at Cincinnati Arr. at Arr. at Cincinnati Arr. at
from Lexington Lexington from Lexington Lexington
Variety 9:00 p.1n. 6:00 a.m. 8:30 p.m. 7:0() p.m.
Citation Bright-firm Very good Bright—firm Very good
Pocahontas Bright-firm Very good Bright-firm Very good
. Tenn. Shipper Bright-firm Dark-much decay Bright-firm Very good
Tenn. Beauty Bright-firm Seeds dark-
, much decay Bright—firm Dark
Dixiland Bright-firm Dark Bright—firm_ Very good
Surecrop Bright-firm Slight decay l%riglit—firm Very good
E. Dawn Bright—firm Dark-much decay Briglit-liirm Slight decay
* 1959 tests gave essentially the same results.
5
The fruit was harvested at the full-ripe stage and processed .
immediately (or held overnight at 4S°F and processed the next _
day). The second picking was used in all eases. The product was
frozen at —20°F and stored at O°F. lt was subjected to taste panel
evaluation approximately 6 months later. Earlier tests had in- -
dicated no detectable differences in quality after 3, 6, or 9 rr1onths'
storage. The panel usually consisted of l0-14 persons who were
instructed on evaluating the fruit. Criteria used were color, con-
sistency, appearance, flavor, firmness, texture, and acidity. -
Figure 2 shows a comparison of Citation with Pocahontas and
Tennessee Beauty for a 3-year period. Citation had a higher average 4
score over the 3-year period than either of the other two varieties.
Citation ranked higher in all criteria except flavor and scored the ·
same as Pocahontas in this respect. Pocahontas is the leading pro-
cessing variety grown in Kentucky at present.
SUMMARY
Citation, Kentueky’s new strawberry, is recommended for ex-
tensive trial in Kentucky and surrounding states. lt is productive,
a good shipper, and has outstanding processing qualities. Standard
control measures for leaf diseases are required. ` _
9.0 _ I
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"` '[ L1 Citation
"` II --•- Pocahontas A
7.0 *-------1, -•¤-- Tennessee Beauty
se
Calor Consistency Appearance Flavor Tenure Firrnness Acidirv Average
Scare
Fig. 2.—· Taste panel evaluation scores of three strawberry varieties-—Citati0n,
Pocahontas, and Tennessee Beauty—3-year average, `I960-'6'|-'62 (`IO = Perfect,
6 = Passing).
6
The fruit was harvested at the full-ripe stage and processed
immediately (or held overnight at 45°F and processed the next -
day). The second picking was used in all cases. The product was
frozen at —20°F and stored at O°F. It was subjected to taste panel
evaluation approximately 6 months later. Earlier tests had in- V
dicated no detectable differences in quality after 3, 6, or 9 months’ ·
storage. The panel usually consisted of lf)-lei persons who were r
instructed on evaluating the fruit. Criteria used were color, con-
sistency, appearance, flavor, firmness, texture, and acidity.
Figure 2 shows a comparison of Citation with Pocahontas and `
Tennessee Beauty for a 3-year period. Citation had a higher average
score over the 3—year period than either of the other two varieties. .
Citation ranked higher in all criteria except flavor and scored the
same as Pocahontas in this respect. Pocahontas is the leading pro- "
ecssing variety grown in Kentucky at present.
SUMMARY V
ClllltlOll, KC1ltLlCk}’,S HC\V Sl;l'Zl\Vl)€I'I'}', is I`CCOllTITlCIl(lCCl TOT CX- p
tensive trial in Kentucky and surrounding states. It is productive,
a good shipper, and has outstanding processing qualities. Standard ,
control measures for leaf diseases are required.
9.0 ‘ _
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" {I, lr-• Citation
` II
"` I, -x-• Pocahontas
7.0 *-------4 ••-•• Tennessee Beauty I
6.0 ·
Color Consistency Appearance Flavor Texture Firmness Acidity Average
Score
Fig. 2.- Taste panel evaluation scores of three strawberry varieties-Citation,
Pocahontas, and Tennessee Beauty-3-year average, 1960-'6'I-'62 (`IO = Perfect,
6 = Passing).
8
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