xt70rx937t9n_451 https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt70rx937t9n/data/mets.xml https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt70rx937t9n/data/46m4.dao.xml unknown 13.63 Cubic Feet 34 boxes, 2 folders, 3 items In safe - drawer 3 archival material 46m4 English University of Kentucky The physical rights to the materials in this collection are held by the University of Kentucky Special Collections Research Center. Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Laura Clay papers Temperance. Women -- Political activity -- Kentucky. Women's rights -- Kentucky. Women's rights -- United States -- History. Women -- Suffrage -- Kentucky. Women -- Suffrage -- United States. The Osage text The Osage 2020 https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt70rx937t9n/data/46m4/Box_17/Folder_27/Multipage19942.pdf 1910 March 1910 1910 March section false xt70rx937t9n_451 xt70rx937t9n G-

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THE OSAGE MAGAZINE—eADVERTISING SECTION.

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CLOTHING. SHOES
mo FURNISHINGS

Stein Block Hand Tailored Suits for Men.

Spitz Schoenberger Bros. “Best Ever” Suits for Boys.
Thompson Bros. and Bradley Metcalf Shoes for Men and Boys.
Dorothy Dodd Easy Fitting Dress Shoes for Ladies. ‘
Entire Stock of Merchandise New and Complete.

J. W. BELL

Main Street PAWHUSKA, OKLA.

WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS PLEASE MENTION THE OSAGE MAGAZINE.

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THE OSAGE MAGAZINE—ADVERTISING SECTION.

A Great School

There is always a leader in every line of business and Hills Business
College is certainly the leading business college in the State and’Southwest.
It has more students in daily attendance than all other business colleges in
Oklahoma City combined, and as many as any other two colleges in the
State. There is a reason for this, and if you will visit the college we will
show you what it is. Hill's Business College is endorsed by the Oklahoma
City Chamber of Commerce. This gives it the patronage of nearly a
thousand of the best firms in Oklahoma City.

Penmanship

We certainly have the best penman in the Southwest and one of the
best in the United States. Send in some names of young people who .
expect to attend a business college and get a half a dozen cards free
written by him. I—IiII's Business College is the only school in this country
that has a special penman to teach this important art. It pays to be taught
by a master.

Positions

If you want the best position you eVer had in your life and want a
chance to make more money than you ever made before, now is the time
to prepare for it. Enroll in our school now and we will get you a splendid
position just as soon as you are ready for it. We are having from twenty-
ﬁve to thirty calls every week and are not able to fill a third of them. The
establishment of two of the largest packing plants in the United States in
Oklahoma City this year that expect to expend $7,000,000 in construc-
tion alone has given business a great impetus. If you want to better your
condition.

DO IT NOW!

HILL’S BUSINESS COLLEGE

OKLAHOMA CITY, U. S. A.

WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS PLEASE MENTION THE OSAGE MAGAZINE.

THE OSAGE MAGAZINE.

A N S A
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MAP

of
OSAGE COUNTY
OKLAHOMA.

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C I'V/Y Elly/III?! Paw/Juan] 0/r/a.
( Pub/Mm of Usage ﬂ/lo/mem‘ Mops.)

The Above Map Shows About 125 Miles

WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS PLEA

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TULSA

of the Fertile Arkansas River Valley

SE MENTION THE OSAGE MAGAZINE.

THE OSAGE MAGAZINE—«ADVERTISING SECTION.

DRAU GH ON ’

LEADS THE WORLD

as a commercial training institution,
Established twenty-one years ago.

STILL GROWING

31 Schools Opening More

OKLAHOMA
CITY SCHOOL

is endorsed by Oklahoma
City Chamber of Com-
merce and has had such
endorsement for SIX
years.

Our work and schools
are endorsed by bankers,
business men and the
commercial organiza-
tions throughout the
South.

Write for testimonials.

150 LEADING
INSTRUCTORS

Our Company employs
more than 150 of the
best business educators
in the United States, and
their combined effort and
ability- are what make‘
Draughon’s the b e s t
schools in the world, and
accounts for the success
of our 100,000 former
graduates.

_.__————

T. M. FLANARY, Manager

POSITIONS GUARANTEED under contract backed by $300,000,00 capital.
Recently we kept account of the calls received at our Oklahoma City office, for
bookkeepers and stenographers, and in two days registered twenty-two
all good places. Catalogue will explain.

Located in Baltimore Building, Corner Grand and Harvey Street

OKLAHOMA CITY, OKLAHOMA

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THE OSAGE. MAGAZINE—ADVERTISING SECTION.

American National Bank
Pawhuska, Oklahoma

PA Y5
- . PER CENT
ON TIME DEPOSITS ‘
C. F. STUART, President A. J. STUART, cashier

The Paw/z uska Nurseries
All Kinds of Fruit, Shade and Ornamental Trees

Trees Set and Trimmed and High Class
Orchard Work Done

Landscape Gardening a Specialty

W. H. HALL, Pawhuska, Oklahoma

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THE OSAGE MAGAZINE—ADVERTISING SECTION.

No. 7883

C. E. VANDERVOORT, PRES. JOHN L. BIRD, V. PRES.
A. W. HURLEY. CASHIER

CITIZENS NATIONAL BANK

PAWHUSKA, OKLAHOMA

Capital - - - - $50,000.00
Surplus and Profits - 15,000.00

YOUR ACCOUNT SOLICITED

Do You Want to be a

STENOGRAPHER?

The demand for Stenographers is greater than the supply. We cannot meet near all
the calls we have for competent young men and women, at good salaries.

STUDY STENOGRAPHY AND TYPEWRITING

In a school that is devoted exclusively to that one course.

Don’t Waste Your Money and Time Studying
What Youdo not Need.

This School is devoted exclusively to teaching Shorthand and Typewriting. We provide a
course that thoroughly masters this line of business education and does it quicker and cheaper
than any other school because it is devoted entirely to this one line of study.

CONCENTRATION DOES IT.

Ask for our catalogue that tells you all about this school, its advantages and saving in cost
and time.

. DAVIS SCHOOL OF SHORTHAND

_ _ . R. L. DAVIS, Proprietor
501-2-3 Securlty Building Oklahoma City, Okla.

Corner Main and Harvey

WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS PLEASE MENTION THE OSAGE MAGAZINE.

6 THE OSAGE MAGAZINE. -

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tum—.x‘ea-ﬂ»

The Lee-Huckins Hotel , ,

OKLAHOMA CITY

The largest, the most complete in detail of modern convenience and sanitation,
ﬁre proof, palatial in furnishings and appointments—this house stands preeminent i,
in the great southwest. 3‘
But these comforts and beauties are less apparent in the gest’s bill than in the
eye of the beholder. Manager Huckins’ ideal throughout the planning and con-
struction of this great enterprise was to accomplish a vast volume of business on a :1
small margin of individual proﬁt, in order to afford the great mass of the
traveling public the highest degree of service at a‘cost not prohibitive ‘to the purse
. of the average citizen. '
The ideal has already’ achieved success for the management, and the house is
continually ﬁlled’with a throng of satisﬁed guests. ’

manage (.5‘EN-v .3. <,-

”“32. ml... 5...“: Sam? . .

Contents for March, l9l0

Robinson Street, Oklahoma City ......................................................... 8
Editorials ............................................................................. 9~1 2
Corn a Proﬁtable Oklahoma Crop ........................................................ l‘2
Modern Muskogee, Illustration .......................................................... 1:;
Historic Rogers County, by DR. EMMET STARR ............................................ H-
Big Wild Cat, Osage Scout, by C. J. PHILLIPS ............................................. 16
The Osage, Historical Sketch, by THE EDITORS ............................................ 17

Letter of Father Bax, Jesuit Missionary ............................................ 18

Rescue of White Women Captives from Cheyennes ................................... 2:2
A Story of Gen. Banks’ Famous Red River Campaign, by CAPT. DAN \VEBSTER ............... 28
Evening on the Arkansas, Illustrated verse ................................................ 32
Jim Chase’s Wedding Boots, by WAHSHO WAIIGALEY ...................................... ; 3:;
Camping with Kit Carson, by LIEUTENANT BREWERTON .................................... :57
An Arkansas River Bridge, Illustration ................................................... +5
“The Mother of Oklahoma City" ....................................................... Mi
Oklahoma Woman Suffrage, by IDA PORTER BOYER ,with portraits ........................... ~17
The White Slave Trafﬁc, by MRS. CORA D. HAMMETT ...................................... 51
The Laymen’s Missionary Movement, by REV. J. 11. 0. SMITH, with Illustration .............. 53
Majestic Sweep of the Arkansas, Illustrated Vesre .......................................... 55
Breaking 3. World’s Record in Construction, by PAUL B. SMITH, with Illustrations and portrait. . 57
Modern Muskogee, Illustration ........................................................... 5!)
The Farmer and the Packer .................................... ‘ ......................... (30

Announcement

It was announced in the February issue of OSAGE that the March number Would contain a parti-

' cularly interesting and perhaps startling article under the caption “Who Gets the Oil?" 'J‘hr editors

again announce that this article is delayed until the April number on account of certain bits of authentic
information being unobtainable in time for the March number. However, the story will keep and will
lose none of its interest or spicy ﬂavor from the waiting. Some splendid special illustrations will
accompany it.

Another ﬁne feature is the Indian version of how the tortoise won the race with the
bare, told by a new contributor in Indian dialect and illustrated by the author. It is rich and new.

Apushmataha, Choctaw Indian Chief, patriot and warrior, Old Ilickory’s friend, is the subject
of a beautiful poem by Sol, J. Homer, a descendant of the famous chief, together with a sketch of this

Grand Old Red Man.

You will do well to watch for the appearing of April OSAGE, for it will he a handsome
number, and as full of sipce and ﬂavor as grandmother’s pickle jar.

. _ ,_ 4“? _

"3N IZVDVW HDVSO 3H1

Robinson street, Oklahoma City. Three buildings in the foreground under construction aggregating over $1,000,000 cost. Two ﬁne
ofﬁce buildings in right middleground. The $300,000 high school building in course of construction shows in extreme background.

' “gangs-.2 »:uanam 7. mutant Mum

THE OSAGE MAGAZINE

CONSOLIDATED WITH

THE OKLAHOMA STOCKMAN

Volume 1 (Published

t Number 13

Monthly) 2 Number 5

A Monthly Magazine devoted to Western
Literature and Frontier History and the
development of Oklahoma’s commercial and
agricultural resources.

GEo. E. TINKER C. J. PHILLIPS

EDITORS

The Oklahoma Stochman

Publication Ofﬁce

PAWHUSKA - -
Branch Oﬂice

20 West First St. - OKLAHOMA CITY

OKLAHOMA

Application made for entry as second class mail matter
at the post ofﬁce at Pawhuska, Oklahoma.

Subscription Price, postpaid, $1.00 per
year, in advance

March 1910

The Legislature

The extraordinary session of the second
Oklahoma legislature is drawing to a
close. Among the more important acts
of this body are the fee bill to regulate
the pay of county officials; a bill to extend
the time of payment of one-half of the
taxes; and the Bryan election bill, the
most important feature of which is the
“grandfather clause,” designed to dis-
franchise the negro.

It is not the purpose at this time to
discuss the merits or demerits of these
measures as some modifications may be
made before adjournment.

A term of the legislature is usually
interesting for the new men that it
brings into prominence, and this session
is no exception to the rule.

On the Democratic side the most in-

teresting ﬁgure is the speaker of the
lower house, Ben \Vilson, who is often
against the administration organization
and may well be classed as an “in-
surgent.” No threats of electing a new
speaker have any effect upon his actions,
and his control is now more firmly ﬁxed
than at the beginning of the session.
The people of Oklahoma will hear from
Wilson again.

Price, of Osage, is another interesting
member on the Democratic side. lle is
not a talker but being a man of vast
business experience his advice and counsel
have been of great good to the state.
He has no patience with cheap politics
which has saddled the state with some
unwholesome laws and he therefore de-
clines to become a candidate for re.-
cleetion under any circumstances, which
will be unwelcome news to the people
of Osage county, where he has lived for
twenty years. He is a cleanb man of
good business ability and integrity.
There is dearth of such men in legislative
bodies and the loss of one is keenly felt
by the whole state.

The Democratic side is fortunate in
the possession of two Indian members
of rare ability—Soldani of Osage in the
Senate, and Durant of Bryan in the
House.

On the Republican side, E. M. Clark
of Pawnee has come into the lime-light
as the unquestioned leader of the mi-
nority. His handling of the Haskell
investigation has put him in the front
rank as a fighter and he is now being
mentioned as good timber to head the
Republican state ticket. It will be re-
membered that ()SAGE published an
article in the January issue suggesting
him for this leadership, and the endorse-
ment by other publications of that sug-
gestion indicates its popularity.

Humphreys of Atoka is another man
of great strength in the Republican ranks
and a leader in the fourth congressional
district. Although he states positively

10 THE OSAGE. MAGAZINE.

that he is in no sense a candidate, he is
frequently mentioned as the logical nom-
inee of his party for congressman in his
district.

Maris of Kay is another bright young
leader and may well be termed the
“Glavis of Oklahoma” as he furnished
the information in the investigation of
the charges against Governor Haskell.

On the whole the Republicans have a
number of new leaders and they are a
distinct improvement over the old crowd.
The new chairman, James Harris, “Big
Jim of Wagoner,” is the ﬁrst real chair-
man the party has ever had in the state.
Former occupants of that position have
invariably been partisans of some candi-
date, or so much so as to lend color
to the idea that the perpetuation of
certain persons in ofﬁce and the con-
tinuing of partisan cliques in control
was the sole business of the Republican
party in this state.

This is not true of Harris, and he is
already rewarded by seeing in his party
a greater degree of harmony than has
existed for years.

This evolution of new leaders in both
parties means much of good to Okla-
homa and shows the wonderful ability
this state possesses in her young manhood.

Coburn of Kansas

History tells of great commanders who
refused crowns and scepters of imperial-
ism, but it remained for Kansas to pro-
duce a farmer who refused the toga of
of a Senator.

Coburn of Kansas is the man. He
says he is of more use to Kansas in his
present position as Commissioner of Agri-
culture than he would be in the United
States Senate, and we believe he is
right. In fact, Coburn is always right,
no matter whether it be a question of
the best crop to raise on certain soils, the
best breed of cattle or hogs to keep, or
what to do to keep the boys and girls
on the farm.

Coburn has become a national char-
acter and is popular wherever he goes.
He was given an ovation recently at the
stock farm of W. S. Corsa, Whitehall,
Illinois, whither he had gone to attend
a breeders convention.

'Coburn should have the Seeretaryship
of Agriculture, vice James Wilson, whose
action in the Ballinger-Pinchot contro—
versy has destroyed his usefulness, if
he ever had any.

The Way Back to the Farm

The way back to the farm is via the
agricultural college, over a good road, in
an automobile.

By this road the ambitious young man
can ﬁnd his way to the farm. The old
route is closed. Ambition and youth
are repelled and discouraged by the vast
obstacles to be overcome and the lure
of the city ofﬁce has gained for its own
the best blood of America.

The system of our commercial and
social life of today with its nerve-racking
demands and its ever increasing accom-
paniment of living cost is the result of
the movement away from the farm.
Our system of business is overburdened
with non-producers. They outnumber
the producers and unless the tendency
is checked the system will be swamped
by the crushing weight that each ac-
tual producer is compelled to carry.

True, our soil production increases
every year, but the home consumption
increases at a greater rate, so much
greater that year by year our exports
of soil production are decreasing. This
is not because there is' no demand for
our farm produce—it is simply because
we must supply the home demand ﬁrst.
Under such conditions the cost of living
increases, of course.

The cure lies in the slogan “Back to
the farm.” But our young men and
women of ambition will continue to
scorn the call until the farm life offers
them something more than mere drudg-
ery along the same lines in which they
have seen their fathers and mothers
and grandfathers and grandmothers bury
their ambitions and talents.

We do not mean to suggest that our
farmer boys shall become spendthrifts,
butVVe do mean to assert that of all‘people
who need for business and deserve for
pleasure an automobile, that person is
the thrifty, up—to-date farmer of the
west.

With the advent of good roads and

9;
ii
;
l

EDITORIAL I I

the Luxurious transportation methods of
the present day farm life becomes the
acme of living. N 0 other occupation gives
such zest to life.

The way back to the farm is Via the
agricultural college, over a good road, in
an automobile.

Farmer and Packer

As to the relation of the farmer and
the packer, the gist of the whole matter
is this:

It is the business of the farmer to
produce.

It is the business of the packer to pre-
serve and market the product.

The business of neither can achieve
complete success without the coopera—
tion of the other. Their interests are
mutual and inseparable. Friction be—
tween the two means less.

It is then, therefore, a matter of equi-
table division of the proﬁts of this co-
operative advantage. Are farmer and
packer sharing equitably?

The evidence in the case is that the
division is equitable. The attitude of
satisfaction assumed by live stock pro-
ducers’ associations is a good indication
along this line. These men are not in-
dulging in any ﬁts of hysteria. They
condemn the boycott idea most emphat-
ically. They declare that the producer
is receiving more under the present
system than he has ever before received,
and that, notwithstanding the high
price of living, his net proﬁts are better
than ever before. The price of live
animals has advanced more than has
the price of the ﬁnished product, proving
that the farmer is the principal gainer
by the universal advance in the price
of meats.

As we have before declared, the packer
makes his proﬁt by means of his splendid
system of handling the business on a
great scale and making use of every
particle of the animal—in short, making
his proﬁt out of what was wasted be-
fore the system was brought to its present
perfection. '

He who prevents waste is wise and he
who converts waste into proﬁt is a bene-
factor.

We beg to repeat: Let the Oklahoma

farmer co-operate with the packers to
this extent at least, that he devote a
greater portion of his time and capital
to the production of live stock for sup-
plying the great packeries now being in-
stalled in Oklahoma. It is the best
opportunity the Oklahoma farmer has
ever had for getting full and free action
on the great natural opportunities Nature
has provided for him.

Judge Hook ’3 Decision

When a decision as sweeping as that
of Judge Hook in the railway rate case
is promulgated it becomes pertinent to
ask, “Who knows the law?”

The law says that every citizen shall
know the law, and yet the most learned
judges seldom agree. The Supreme
Court of the United States frequently
divides in its rulings as nearly even as
possible ﬁve to four. Then it is ple-
sumed that the four do not know the.
law. But on the next division the four
may be joined by a deserter from the
ﬁve who yesterday knew the law, and
then it is presumed that the four do know
the law today, although they did
not know it yesterday.

And upon this method of arriving at
supreme wisdom you are supposed to
ﬁnd no fault. And upon this method
personal liberties are invaded, great
property rights conﬁscated from one and
conferred upon another, and so ad
libitum through the whole category of
legal procedure.

N 0w the Hook decision was predicated
on the theory that the railways were not
making enough money on the capital
involved, taking the assessed valuation
as a basis. Some of the roads have
not yet paid their taxes on the ground
that they were over-assessed, so it seems
that some allowance in the matter of
capitalization and basis of earnings
should have been made for this claim.

But the question is, on what evidence
did the Court base its decision? The
Corporation Commission of Oklahoma
claim that they showed conclusively
that the Santa Fe made nineteen per
cent and the Katy thirty-one per cent
net proﬁt. Judge Hook said that th(
Santa Fe only made two and nine-tenth:

I 2 THE 'OSAGE MAGAZINE.

per cent net proﬁt and the Katy ﬁve and
one—half per cent.

Of course it is impossible to say which
is right, but one thing is evident to all
who travel up and down Oklahoma rail-
ways, and that is that if these roads are
not paying, then they are badly managed.
But the people of Oklahoma should not
pay for the mismanagement. Never was
so great business done by railroads as
they are now doing in Oklahoma. The
passenger trains are crowded on all
trunk lines and occasionally they are
run in two sections. These trains con—
sist of from three to ﬁve coaches and
three to six Pullmans ( by actual count).
Sometimes they carry four hundred
passengers per train, therefore earning
at the two cent rate eight dollars per
mile, and some of these trains make
forty miles per hour.

This does not include the mail and
express revenue which adds very mater-

' ially to the proﬁts of all passenger

trains. This, of course, is more than
the average, but it is not so far from the
average except as to the miles made
per hour, as some might think.
Twenty-six persons were counted by
the writer standing in a single coach for

want of seating room in a regular train
in Oklahoma a few days ago. Eighty-
ﬁve persons were in this one coach and
there were seven coaches and Pullmans
composing the train. This condition of
standing room only in trains has become
so common on some roads that the pat-
rons have refused in several instances
to give up their tickets unless seats were
provided.

As patriotic citizens we are all proud
of this condition, not because the coach
is overloaded, but because it shows that
the railroads cannot keep up with the
business of Oklahoma.

It seems strange to the man elevated
upon a high perch in the proverbial tree
that under these conditions the Okla-
homa railroads cannot realize a proﬁt
on their passenger business. But the
Court asserts that such is the case.

We do not infer that the judge was in
any manner inﬂuenced in his decision
by the fact that his son is an attorney
for the Santa Fe railroad.

The Supreme Court of the United
States remains to be heard from. In the
interim the people pay the fare—and
do much of their riding standing up.

Corn a Profitable Oklahoma Crop

“Get good seed and just keep planting
corn.” This is the terse advice of lVIr.
E. E. Selders, manager of one of the
largest, if not the largest, corn farms in
the state of Oklahoma.

lur. Selders operates a farm consist-
ing of “2,500 acres, of which 1,700 acres
is planted to corn. Hiawatha Yellow
Dent, represented in the picture on
another page, he says, is the best corn
for Oklahoma bottom land. In 1908,
his ﬁeld of several hundred acres averaged
sixty bushels. Boone County White was
his next best, yielding fully ﬁfty bushels
per acre.

Reid’s Yellow Dent, known the world
over, he also grows, and Bloody Butcher
and Golden Beauty. lVIr. Selders ad-
vises Hiawatha Yellow, Boone County

White and Bloody Butcher for bottom
soils, and Reid’s Yellow, and Golden
Beauty , for uplands. He believes in
corn as a paying crop for Oklahoma, for
the consumption of corn increases every
year, and the area of its possible culti—
vation is limited.

l\Ir. Selders grows about thirty-ﬁve
thousand bushels per year, which is
big, even for big Osage county, where
things are done in a big way. His seed
corn is grown on the rich Arkansas river
valley, which insures its strength and

Vitality. In buying seed corn it is im-
portant to know what kind of soil it
was grown on, just as it is important to
know what stock farm bred your thor-
oughbred cattle and hogs.

THE OSAGE MAGAZINE. l 3

MODERN MUSKOGEE

The Flynn-Ames building, corner Third and Broadway. A seven story, modern ﬁrc-proof ofﬁce building,
costing $140,000, of concrete and steel construction, ﬁtted with electric e11 vators and
refrigeration plant for proper temperature of building thnughout.

HISTORIC ROGERS-COUNTY

By DR. EMMET STARR

The following article from Dr. Emmet Starr is one we are exceedingly glad to present to our readers
as it is probably the most authentic account of the battle of Claremore hIound ever written. Dr. Starr
is the historian of the Cherokees, and perhaps the best informed man on Cherokee literature and history
now living. It will be noticed that he claims the battle of Claremore Mound took place in 1818 instead
of 1828, as claimed by other historians, and as published in a former number of the OSAGE MAGAZINE.
In this matter, we have no doubt that Dr. Starr is right, as he doubtless has more data on that subject
than others who have written about it. It also harmonizes with the fact that a strenuous war was being
carried on between the Osage and Cherokees in 1818.-——-Editors.j

Rogers county was named in honor of
Hon. Clement Van Rogers, representa-
tive of constitutional district No. 64
in the Oklahoma Constitutional conven—
tion of 1907.

The ﬁrst known inhabitants of what is
now Rogers county, were the Wichita
Indians, who owned the country until
about 1795, when they were driven out
by the Gra-moi band of Osage, under
Chief Kan-sah-se-gra, or Big Track, who
it is said, had been detached from the
interests of lVIanuel Lisa by his young,
vigorous comeptitor, Pierre Chouteau.

This band established themselves prin-

' cipally on the Verdigris River, which

on account of the large persimmon
groves in the Vicinity of their settlements
they named Persimmon river, but the
French traders charted it the Verdigris,
this on account of the green scum that
collected on the stagnant water during
a severe drouth.

The two principal towns of the Osage
were Pasuga, located on the site of the
present city of Claremore, and Posona,
located about one and one-half miles
south of Claremore mound, and on the
east side of Verdigris river. Portions of
the old cedar stockade around Posona
were seen standing in place as late as
1860 by Maj. D. W. Lipe, present
county clerk of Rogers county.

The town chief of Posona was Kan-
sah-se-gra, who was also head chief of
the Big and Little Osage. .

About 1796, Gra-moi, an Osage lad,
who was a kinsman of Kan-sah-sc—gra,
was brought to Posona; his name was
pronounced by the French, Claémo, and
spelled Clermont. It is claimed by some
that he was the titular chief of the
Gra-moi band, and by others that he was

the hereditary chief of the Osage. At
any rate he at a very early age established
himself, by his prowess in war as the war
chief of the Gra—moi band of Osage, the
most coveted of all positions.

The chief of Pasuga was Black Dog,*
who weighed in excess of three hundred
pounds, was one-eyed, and was respected
among all of his neighboring tribes as
being the possessor of more mythical
lore and traditions than any other mem-
ber of the Siouan tribes. He was also
an administrator and councilor of note.

He had a race course extending north
and south, that was very nearly identical
with the section line between sections
33 on the west and 34 on the east, of
township 92 north, range 16 east; and
sections 4 and 9 on the west, and 3 and
10 on the east of township 21 north,
range 16 east. The distance from the
starting point at the north was about
two and one-half miles from the goal.
The coursers were his warriors, and those
of any neighboring town or tribe that
might wish to contest with them.

Black Dog died while visiting his home
of earlier days, at a date subsequent to
1843. At this time it was the home of
Elijah Hicks, brother—in—law of chief
John Ross. Hicks called his home
“Echota” and it was a noted point on
the “California trail” as will be shown
by his diary, now in possession of his
descendants. '

Dog creek, on the east side of Clare-
more, is a lasting commemoration of
Black Dog’s residence on that stream;
but its companion stream on the west
side of that city has not a name so for-
tunate in origin, as the name it generally
bears is “Cat creek” which derives its
name from the fact that only a few years

HISTORIC ROGERS COUNTY l5

ago and since the establishment of the
town, a certain four or ﬁve acres of its
course was settled by a community of
women of unsavory reputation, and
their miserable parasites. For this r ‘ason
the locality became known in slang
phrase as ”Cat creek" or the abiding
place of the “Cats” as these unfortunate
women were denominated, and ”Prairie
Branch” the older name of the little
stream was sacriﬁced for a more mal-
odorous one. .

Chouteau’s trading post, which was
established about 1796, was at “Grand
Sal ne” on the east side of Grand river,
in what is now Mayes county, Oklahoma.

The United Foreign Missionary So-
ciety, protestant, established Union Mis-
sion on Grand r ver in 1826,which labored
among the Osage until their withdrawal
from that section in 1897. '

War between the Osage and Cherokees
began in 1817 and in the spring of
1818 a party of Cherokees under
command of Crawler started from
Piney, Cherokee Nation “west” (now
in Pope county, Arkansas), and in
Anoya, or Strawberry moon, of that year,
after having, through the prowess of
Thomas Candy, captured the horses of
the Osage, they attacked the inhabitants
of Posona and Pasuga, who had congre—
gated on the mound north of the former
town. After three days of furious ﬁght-
ing the Osage were defeated. The prin-
cipal contributing cause of their repulse at
this time was a small body of Delawares
commanded by George Bullet, who had

accompanied the Cherokees from their.

stockade at Piney and had been able to
shoot arrows so that they fell among the
Osage women and children, who had
been given the vantage place next to
the river, where it was thought they
would be safe from the missiles of the
enemy. The water supply of the Osage
had also been exhausted.

After this ﬁght the United States
authorities attempted to bring about a
reconciliation between the two tribes,
but their efforts for several years were
in vain, mostly through the inﬂuence of
ex_-chief Talcatoica, who was an inveterate
enemy of the Osage.

The last battle between the Osage and

Cherokees was in the winter of 1823.
In this campaign the Cherokees first
visited Pasnga and l’osona. but ﬁnding
that the inhabitants had gone on their
winter hunt, followed and found them
at some distance from their regular
settlements, and in the battle that
ensued th