xt712j684c23 https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt712j684c23/data/mets.xml   Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station. 1894 journals kaes_bulletins_050 English Lexington, Ky. : The Station, 1885- Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin n.50. text Bulletin n.50. 1894 2014 true xt712j684c23 section xt712j684c23 K E N T U C K Y
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  A AGRICULTURAL IIIIPIIRIIIUNT STATION
  OF THE
zen
  STATE COLLEGE CF KENTUCKY.
I3  
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Ot BULLETEN N0. 50. .
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All-
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1];: ,
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iu- I. FRUIT GROWING IN KENTUCKY.
fd II. NOTES UPON VEGETABLES.
-34
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   `
Agricultural Experiment Slatien
v __ BOARD OF CONTROL.
_ DR. R. J. SPURR, Chairman.
{ _ JUDGE W. B KINKEAD  
  ~ R. A. SPURR.
{aa 1 - DAVID JAMES.
{   J. K. PATTERSON, President of the College.
6 Q M. A. SCOVELL, Director, Secretary.
ay   STATION OFFICERS.
V     M. A. SCOVELL, Director.
· 3 A. M. PETER
I { ’ Chemists.
I H. E. CURTIS, -
Q H. GARMAN, Entomologist and Botanist.
RA , C. W. MATI-TEWS, Horticulturist.
. · J. S. TERRILL, Assistant to Entomologist and Botanist.
1 _x.\ A. T. JORDAN, Assistant to I-Iorticulturist.
fz T. S. HAWKINS, Foreman of Farm.
X i MISS ALICE M. SHELBY, Stenographer.
  Address of the Station : LEXINGTON, KY.
5   ——::—-—
M ·_
l
NOTICE.
  The bulletins of the Station will be mailed free to any citizen of i
  Kentucky who sends his name and address to the Station for that
P purpose.
1 Correspondents will please notify the Director of changes in their
` post-office address, or of any failure to receive the bulletins.
i Address:
’ I{ENTUCKY Aoniouixruimi. IEXPERIMENT STA·r10N,
LEXINGTON, KY.
* Died Murcli 25Lh, ISU}. ,
26
l » »   V 7** ·- - -  *·»  .,··».~ »» , .·—.·•¤·:a·.r:.;.A¥~  J

 Il
BULLETIN NO. 50.
I. FRUIT GROWING IN KENTUCKY.
BY C. W. Mairrmws, Hortieultui-ist.
During the fall and early winter of 1893 an effort was ,
made to obtain through the farmers of the St-ate a better
understanding of the actual condition of the fruit—grow-
ing industry in Kentucky.
Circulars of inquiry rehitive to the extent of fruit
culture, the most profitable varieties, the most injurious
insect and fungous enemies, and other conditions of fruit
growing, were sent to several hundred of the leading fruit
growers of the State, including all whose names and
addresses could be obtained from the county officers and
from other sources. Some of these oiiieers failed to
respond to our request for names of fruit growers in
their respective counties, so that a number of counties
were wholly unrepresented in the replies, but as these
iof sections are for the most part among those which give
hat but very little attention to fruit growing, it is believed
that the information obtained from the remaining coun-
¤6iI` ties gives Us a fairly comprehensive view of the ]Jl'(‘F(.‘III?
condition of this industry in the State.
I \Vhile these inquiries were sent out primarily to inform
ourselves upon the conditions and reqnirein<·nts of fruit
growers, in order to enable us to make the horticultural
, work of the Station of more value to them, the replies
IIT

 ` 28 Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station.  
I have seemed of such general interest, representing as
they do the opinions and observations of the best culti-
_ vators in all parts of the State, that a portion of the
. information thus obtained is published in the hope that
V it may prove of some use to the established fruit growers,
5* .. and perhaps encourage others_to undertake fruit culture
in ~ who have made but little effort in this direction. ?
    This State probably cannot as yet lay claim to being  
;   one of the great fruit producing States of the Union, as  
·   the attention of its cultivators has been more largely E
  given to other crops ; but the success which is attending I
  _? the efforts of some of its fruit growers may well lead us
  I to question if Kentucky may not obtain an enviable
g distinction in this 1·espect when proper attention is given
i I to fruit culture.
5.. _ Complaint is often made that fruit growing cannot be
I \\ successful in this State owing to the changeable climate I
I in `Q and late spring frosts This drawback, it must be ad-
·` I mitted, is not whollyimaginary; but at the same time
·" _ there is but little doubt that this difficulty has been so
é ig greatly magnified as to deter many farmers from under-
5   taking the cultivation of orchards for profit, and many
if T others from producing an abundance of the most delic
ious and healthful kind of food for their own families.,
  These climatic conditions, moreover, are only such as
  are found to prevail to a greater or less extent over a large ‘
_ portion of the neighboring States , yet some of these
if States, notably Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio, are taking
L front rank among the fruit producing sections of the
L eastern United States. A
But to turn to what is of much greater significance to
us; our nearly two hundred correspondents in Kentucky
aflirm by a large majority, as a result of their observa-
tion and experience, that the soil and climate of this ,
I State also, are favorable to fruit culture. Of those who
i ' '“v` "` " '  *1 -:0--*;-¤av:!.*‘;,;;.»`t;';€ .1

 . . · l _
I i
F2·uz'/ Grouizzg in A70/ZZ(ZlCA;}’. 29
made a definite reply to an inquiry upon this subject, 85
per cent. gave a distinctly affirmative answer. ,
A second inquiry, the replies to which are of still fur- A
ther encouragement, was the following: "Are orchards
more or less profitable than other crops in your vicinity ‘?"
36 per cent. of the entire number of correspondents
or 54 per cent. of those giving unconditional answers, ; Y
j reply that they are more profitable than other crops,
l while many others admit that they are profitable when
i properly cared for.
` At first glance the latter report may appear to make a
rather unfavorable showing, but it is to be remembered
that many counties of the State have no local ma1·ket,
and many even have no railroad as a means of shipping
to the large markets, so that while 85 per cent. of our
correspondents treating of these subjects can produce
fruit with a good degree of success, only two—thirds of
that number are so situated as to make its cultivation _
for market profitable.
The fact that .36 per cent. ofjhe fruit growers corres-
ponded with, are able to produce orchard fruits with
greater profit than other crops, seems to prove conclu-
sively, that in most parts of the State, at least, the dif-
ficulties due to climatic influences are not so great that
good judgment combined with good care and cultivation I
. cannot readily overcome them.
It would seem, therefore, that with such evidences of
the practicability of raising fruit in this State, UVL’l`_Y
farmer ought to _be supplied from his own farm with an
abundance of fruit for his own household, at least, and
it is undoubtedly true that upon a careful examination
of the conditions prevailing in their own neighborhoods,
many would find an opportunity for the growing of prot`-
, itable crops for market also.
The replies to our inquiries, however, show that in

 30 Kczzfucky A,grZcz¢ZturaZ Expcrivzcrzt Sla/{012.
comparatively few of the counties heard from do even `
three-fourths of the farmers produce orchard fruits suf-
· ficient for their own use ; and in not a few cases our cor-
' ‘ respondents report that not one in twenty of the farmers
  in their vicinity raise_ enough of these fruits for a family
  *~ supply. . '
  ` Concerning small fruits, it seems evident that not
  · one in thirty of the farmers of the State supply their o_
5   own tables even with strawberries, the most easily grown T
i Y of them all.
if 4 These facts ought not be true in a State so well adapted
    to fruit growing as Kentucky, and farmers who neg-
  V lect to raise these fruits for their own families miss
  _ one of their highest privileges.
{ In regard to the relative profits in different orchard
f". T - fruits, apples naturally take the lead, G5 per cent. of our
,   correspondents finding them the most profitable fruit,
C ig - while 30 per cent. obtain a greater profit in peaches. _
3, S That this result is largely a matter of locality is shown
Q` . by the fact that in the counties adjacent to the Ohio
§_ il river, andthe large markets of Louisville and Cincin-
  ' nati, which are most favorably situated for growing and
l marketing peaches, this fruit is found by more than two-
thirds of the growers heard from, to be more profitable
i _ than apples. In all other portions of the State, how-
  ever, the apple is uniformly pronounced to be the most
?_ prohtable orchard crop grown.
A Treatment of Orchards.
; In the treatment of apple orchards, widely varying
practices are followed, some growing corn, tobacco, po-
tatoes, wheat, or oats, while others pasture their orchards
with hogs, sheep or other farm stock.
  As a general rule any crop which requires cultivation
during the Hrst portion of the season, is far preferable to

 i
Frm`! G1'07/U/Illg fu Arczz/urlcv. 31
any grain crop, and especially is this t1·ue in newly
planted orchards. In either case, the soil, if not already
fertile, should be liberally treated with manure or fer- ‘
tilizer so that the trees may not be robbed of their nec- i
essary support. In other words, if two crops are to be
grown together upon the same ground, plant food for '
two crops must be at hand, or one or both crops will J `
_ suffer.
4 In mature orchards, pasturing with hogs or sheep is a
practice which gives almost universally good results.
By this plan at least two important objects are at-
tained; the fertility of the soil is kept up to a considera-
bly degree by the droppings of the animals, and most of
the imperfect and wormy fruit is eaten as soon as dropped,
thus preventing the escape and development of the
various larvze, and the consequent re—infesting of the tree.
_ Varieties of Apples for Kentucky.
In response to our request tgnamo the best apples for
their several localities, our correspondents give a longlist
of varieties both for market and for home use, although
comparatively few varieties are very generally named.
These varieties, moreover, appear to be the favorites over
all parts of the State, and those who plant orchards from ,
this list, which has been shown by the experience of Ken-
tucky fruit-growers to be adapted to our conditions, can-
not go far wrong in their select-ion.
Among apples recommended for a succession for homo
use the following va1·ieties lead : ‘

 32 Ifcrzfztcky A_gricz¢/tural Exj>cr1'u21c7zt Siaiion.
NAME OF VARIETY. Season of Maturity. N§`a;g$€S
` Early Harvest ...................4 Summer. ............ 83
‘· Viline Sap ........................ \Vinter .... . ........ G2
. Ben Davis ........................ VVinter .... . .,..,... 5%
'Q Rome Beauty .... . ..... . ......... Winte1· I ....... 40
  ._ Maidens Blush ..... . ...... . .... Late Summer. ....... 33
  ` Rawle’s Janet .................... VVinter . ........... 25 _
E; W _ Red June ....,...........,........ Summer. ............ 17
2   Summer Pearmainu .............. Summer ............. 1G
i   ` Rambo . ....... . ................. Autumn ............ 14
y s Fall Queen. . . .................. Autumn ............ 13
  4 While forty—seven other varieties of apples are named
  { as favorites for home use, many of which are undoubt-
" V edly as good or better in quality than some of those
{ named above, especially under certain conditions of soil
h -
“ and cultivation, this list will probably meet the average
5*+ I conditions of cultivation in Kentucky as well as any that
X could be named.
` `I A still longer list of a i iles is mentioned as desirable
  rp 1 1
1 ‘ tor market, although the number of varieties named by
‘A` _ a large number of individuals is more restricted than in
Q "é the ease of varieties far home use, and justly so. A
7;, . — ‘ very few standard varieties adapted to the soil and
i market will nearly always be more satisfactory and more
profitable than a larger number of less widely known
; varieties .
gy List of Favorite Market Apples.
·)V ' ' ' " _‘ ' " _‘ *‘* "'_"";'*
  _ NAME or XVARIETY. \ Season of Maturity. Nlgébgélgllcs
i Ben Davis ................ _ ...... il WQQ. .... T .... B- 8:2
l \Vine Sap ........................ Winter ............. G5
» Rome Beauty ..................... ` \Vinter . .....,...... 55
]{awle's Janet .................... \\T1111)Ul‘ ...., . ...... 23
Early Harvest .................... Summer. .... . ....... 21
Mai 1.72 Kenlzzcley. 35
l will be avoided later in the season. This pest is also
l readily destroyed by the Paris green spray recommended
for the codling-znoth, so that the two enemies can be
fought together.
For the borer, cutting out is the remedy most practiced
and on the whole probably the most effectual yet discov-
, _ ered. For the two remaining insect pests of which Ken- {
, tucky orchardists complain, the curculio and aphis, `
  entomologists appear not to be fully agreed as yet upon
  a satisfactory remedy. One correspondent repo1·ts excel-
  lent results from the use of London purple in combating
V the curculio, and further experiments upon the subject
will be desirable.
Fuugous Diseases of the Apple.
Many apple growers are finding the diseases known as
apple rot and apple scab to be the most destructive pests
in their orchards. Of the two the rot appears most in-
jurious. It is needless to enter into a discussion of the
. treatment of these diseases he@, as they have been f`ully
treated by Professor Garman in Bulletin 44 of this Sta-
tion which, if not already received, can be obtained upon
application.
The experiments conducted at this and other Stations
· upon the spraying of orchards as a remedy for fungons '
and insect pests, together with the adoption of this prac-
tice by many of the best cultivators of these fruits, has
shown conclusively that the injuries resulting from these
pests can to a great extent be overcome. While it in-
volves considerable extra labor in the care of an orchard,
it is labor that is well repaid in the increased valuc of
the fruit obtained. With the additional labor and cx-
pense incurred in spraying, it becomes more than ever
necessary that no orchards should be planted upon a

   U Y
- 2 ·’~=  
36 ]\vC22fN¢`,é]/ A_gricz1!/urn! Expcrfvzcnt Sialion.
· more extensive scale than can be thoroughly cared for.
There is but little pleasure or profit to he obtained from
_ large orchards which are left to take care of themselves.
  Peach Orchards in Kentucky. ,
  _ As was stated in the general discussion of Kentucky
  ~ fruits, peaches are cultivated extensively only in limited
¥";, __] _ portions of the State, mainly in the counties adjacent to L
E   the Ohio river and especially those conveniently located 3.
i g with reference to the markets of Louisville and Cincin- t
  ` nati, some of the orchards in these counties being very i
i   l large and covering many acres of ground.
L i-. This fruit is produced quite generally, however, in a
2 * small way for home use throughout the State among
l L those who cultivate fruit at all. The favorite varieties
R}, among the large Kentucky growers with whom we have
` \\ corresponded, are the following, in the order named.
* " ‘¤ Old Mixon (whether free or cling not always stated),
.~ L Crawford Early, Crawford Late, Smock, Heath Cling,
¥\ Stump the World, and Mountain Rose.
  wi But little definite information has been obtained re-
    garding the extent of the insects and diseases of peaches
{JI A in Kentucky. -The borer appears everywhere present, and
the general treatment is to cut out and destroy with the
A knife. The Curculio is also reported as doing great
  injury, but a thoroughly practicable and efficient treat-
i" ment has not yet been determined upon, either by
  entomclogists or practical growers. Some of our corres-
pondents report having used Paris green in a dilute
l form, (about l ounce to 20 gallons of water) with excel-
i lent results, while others report no results whatever from
the same treatment.
1f’mi·s and Itaiiw appear to be cultivated only to a com-
paratively limited extent in Kentucky. Among pears
t the favorite varieties appear to he ;— _

 Fruz`t Growing in [{€72[Z¢Cr%J'. 37
Bartlett. .................... named 58 times.
Keiffer ..................... " 34 "
Seckel . ..................... " 16 " .
Duchess d’Angouleme ....... " 9 "
V Flemish Beauty . . . . . ...... " 9 "
Le Conte ................... " 7 "
I
Grapes and Small Fruits. l
The small fruits are not given the attention on our
farms that their value merits, and the only fruits of
this class upon which we have obtained sufiicient data to
be of any service are grapes and strawberries.
The grape seems to be 1nore generally cultivated than
any other, but even this easily grown fruit is not en-
joyed by nearly all the farmers of the State. Those
who have grown them have been most successful with
the following ten varieties.
Concord. ................... named 118 times.
Catawba ................... " 36 "
Ives’ Seedling .............. " 33 ‘ "
Delaware. .................. " 25 "
Niagara. ............,...... " 22 "
Martha .................... " 13 "
Moore’s Early .......... 9 ` .... " 11. " '
Pocklington ..........,..... " 11 "
Brighton .................. " 10 "
\Vorden ................... " 8 "
While thelist does not of course include all tl1e va-
rieties of grapes that may be grown in Kentucky, it cer-
tainly does represent those which have stood the test of
experience among many cultivators, and a selection
rom this list can be relied upon to give satisfactory
results.

  
 
BS [Con/zzrky Aé’7'iCZlZ{Zl7'0Z Exj>c1·imc11t Sfaliavz.  
y About fifty varieties of grapes were planted upon A  
the Station farm last spring——1S93»and a considerable    
number in addition will be set out during this season.   *
. It is proposed to make a thorough trial of these and the   _
` newer grapes as they are introduced, and also to test the    
comparative value of various methods of pruning and l
L ~ training. A full report will be made upon these and other _
2:; ` topics connected with grape culture as soon as practica-
‘ *. N __
i   ‘ blg.
g   \Vith strawberries, as with grapes, but little definite 2
. ~ . . . . . {
K `*.· information could be obtained in response to our in-  
s` { quiries, the reason apparently being, that except in the 1
`V~r M vicinity of the large cities they are sparingly cultivated.
  The following table indicates the relative order of ‘
  excellence for general purposes, in the estimation of
L Kentucky growers :
i X ABBREVIATIONS: P., Pistillate or imperfect flowered; B., Bisexual
it   ‘ or perfect flowered.
5   AZ
if VARIFTY SEX No. Times
~ H ’ ` ' Named.
Q` ‘é ... ... ....-. ............-..... .........- ......{
¤   ·
fx   Crescent,. .................................. P 41
a Bubach ........,........ , .....,.......... P 27
Haverland ......,........................ P 21
Gandy.. ....... . ....................... B 20
I Kentucky ....... . ........r.... . ............ B 20
  Sharpless .... . ............................ B 15 V
*' Wils<>n .. . ................................. B 12
P__ Jessie .. .... . ............ . ................. B 8
, Chas. Downing ..................... ... B 8
, Somewhat to our surprise thc Crescent surpasses every
other variety in the favorable estimation in which it is
held by the growers with whom we have corresponded.
This conclusion must be due chiefly to its vigor, pro-
dnctiveness and firmness for shipping purposes; in
V ~· <-—· "" · ~·  —»-Q.-gzuens-·¤»r-»··¤»¤¤.·=¢.s¤J#= ***1** J

 ’   ‘ ‘ · »
·' Fruit Growing in Kerzizzcky. 39
; A quality it is surpassed by most of the other varieties
  ’ -mentioned. The Bubach, in the small plots under trial at
i the Station grounds, was the most satisfactory variety
v grown, ripening among the first, and being of large size,
l very productive, and of good quality.
i Strawberry growers who produce only the Crescent
· should make a trial of the three following varieties in y g
l this list, Bubach, Haverland, and Gandy. Bubach and `
F Haverland however, are both pistillate or imperfect
Q fiowered and to insure fertilization, some perfect iiowered
  variety, such as the Gandy, must be grown near them.
l The character of soil and season was rather unfavora-
ble to a good crop of strawberries upon the Station
l grounds the past season, and owing to depredations
during the season of ripe fruit, it has been impossible to
make more than an approximate estimate of the produc-
tiveness of the varieties tested. As this kind of work
has now been transferred to the Experiment farm some-
what outside of the city, it is hoped that this source of
annoyance and error will be eliminated in the future.
'

 40 Ifcniucky Agricuziural Exgierimcni Sialimz.  
ABBREVIATIONSZ B., Bisexual or perfect flowered; P., Pistillate E  
l or imperfect; {io .vered; L., Large; M., Medium; S., Small.    
—·é '§"'“_"_"‘1..é——'_""“' V`.;
E 3   ‘
3 co @2 l .
VARIETY. p,. pq.;   Sizm.   ,
. ii.   QE
I ·~ 5     gim
. ~ C0
  ——-—· ··· ······ ·· ·—···—— ——‘*— ·—· ··""— .
`· E,   _ Auburn ........ . ............ P. Apr. 27. May 27. 8 M. to L. _ _
= ‘<€-"¤f{' Beverly .................... B. Apr. 24. Jnne 3. 7 M. {
g   Boynton ................... P. Apr. 14. May 25. 5 M. to S. {
» y_ Bubaeh .... . ................ P.l Apr 21. lg//llay 30. 1Z0   t L `
é, ‘. Crawford ...... . ............ B. Apr 1 . ay L7. . o . l
{ . 4 Cumberland ,............... I B. Apr. 24. May 27. 7 M. to L.  
" ·i Dayton. .... . .............. .. . B. Apr. 24. xl}/lay 27. 8   ‘
?— ’ E. P. Roe ................... B. May 1. une ii. 4 1 . . _
, Gandy ...... . ........... B. Apr. 27. June 3 8 L. ·
  Gillespie . ................. B Apr. 14. June 3. 6 M.
` Gov. Hoard. ................ B. Apr. 14. June 3. 5 L.
he V . Jessie. ...................... i B. Apr. 14. May 30. 8 M. to L.
· V Leader ..................... ` B. Apr. 14. June 5. 7 M. to L.
, xr Maple City. ................. B. Apr. 27. { June   8 M. to L.
’ " " ‘ Martha . .. ............... . P. Apr. 27. May 30. 5 S.
v;
·` { Middlefield. ............... P. Apr. 24. June 3. 5 M ·
. t Muskingum .... . ..... . . . . B. Apr. 27. May 30 (S M. to L.
. - Ohio. ....................... P. Apr. 27. June 3. 7 M.
$ ii Princess .................... P. Apr. 27. June 3. l 7 M. to L.
h `)~ l Saunders. .................. B Apr. 27. June 2. 5 L.
ff   Smeltzer's Scedling No. 2.. . B. Apr. 14. May 26. 8 S. to M.
Standard. ................... P. Apr. 14. May 30. 5 M. to. L. .
West Lawn ................ P. Apr. 27. June 13. S M. `
Woolvcrton ................. B. May 1. June 3. 5 S.
  . Yankee Doodle. ..........,. P. Apr. 24. May 27. \ S M.
L? (Renamed Epping.)
4:
1*  —,,_..__.L..;-
P ~ . . . .
> Concerning other kinds of small fruits, the informa-
, tion obtained from growers through the State was so
i meager that no definite conclusions can be reached as to
the relative value of different varieties.
. A considerable number of the small fruits, including
forty varieties of raspberries, fifteen of blackberries, and
y twelve each of gooseberries an d currants have been planted
l · caf  ··‘· — V —»-;·`—.¤»i•-·¤·¤»-- ,..···-•·m¤·.·:v__A;;;  *•‘”-R .•'

 l J`:_,`.
I  
V ll. NOTES UPON VEGETABLES. I
BY C. W. BTATHEWS, Hortioulturist. p ‘—
T _ A considerable number of standard and newer varie- Q  
A ties of vegetables were grown during the season of 1893, ki ·»eV_·_
  _ and a portion of the notes taken in the field are added ,.
1 A t herewith. The land allotted to this purpose consisted of   i
*9*,; 1 a field near the College building which was somewhat  
Y   exhausted through continuous cropping for a_ term of  
    years, and although fertilizers were added in fair quan-  
il ` tities, the results in size and productiveness of vegeta- 5
{   5 bles grown, indicated that the land has not yet reached  
; ·‘ ° a condition suitable to the most perfect development of A
; garden products. 5
l During the coming season, however, the varietal tests of T
;·)__ , vegetables will be conducted mainly upon the Experi-
’ \ ment farm where the conditions are better adapted to V —
2 ` ’ ~ produce satisfactory results. ‘
_ E While varietal tests of vegetables may not be the
fx most important line of horticultural inquiry, it is be-
$` 1, lieved that they are of sufficient importance to justify some l
t   . attention to them, at least in the beginning of our work
Q', ‘— in horticulture, although as the work of the department
develops, it is proposed to give a larger portion of our ‘
, time to a study of methods of culture and plant breed-
  ing, together with a study of the fruit interests of the
ef State.
g— The brief notes appended are taken from data ob-
' tained chicfiy by Mr. A. T. Jordan, Assistant in horticul-
, ture.
, Sweet Corn. _
The following strains and varieties of corn were given
ordinary field cultivation and were all planted May 11.
In this and the following lists of vegetables where qual-
ity and productiveness are indicated numerically, the
42

 `lrgilr. ` .
Q? l
l ° -
.. Noics ([75012 Page/ab/es. 43
  iigures given are based upon a scale of 0 to 10, the latter
number representing the maximum in yield, quality, &e,
—. It has been impracticable to obtain more than approx—
imate estimates of the productiveness of the vegetables y
4 mentioned, as it was evident that the garden was robbed
* . more or less through the season. It is hoped that the
Q ‘ removal of tl1e vegetable tests to the Experiment farm, at
i some distance out of town, will remove this source of
  €1‘1‘O1‘ ll] O11l‘ tests l?l11`OL1gl1 the CO1I1l1lg` SGELSOH. .  
l l lizelz. lsl in
l VARIETY. Seedsman.     E i {DE
rn 'IJ ···· _
  First of All ..,........ B nrpee   ..... 65 Small. 10 Dwarf.
Cory .. ............... Henderson _,., Gt} Small. li Dwa·f.
Marblehead. .... . .... Thorburn . .... 68 small. 8 Dwarf.
l Ford`s Early ....,..... Ford ......   . 08 Med. T Dwarf.
y Early Champion ...... Vaughan ......   GS Med. S Dwarf.
Bu1'l)Z1Dl< . ...... . . . .   & S ........ l 70 Small. (i Dwarf, T
. _ Pee & Kay.. .......... 'I‘horburn.. .... T2 Med. fl Dwarf,
— Perry's Hybrid. ...... . Henderson .... T2 Med. 7 Medium.
Maule`s XX. .......... Maule ........ T4 Med. 10 Dwarf.
Golden Yellow ...... . Thorburn . .... T5 Small. 5 Medium.
Shaker ........ _ ....... Harris ........ l TG Med. 8 Medium.
_ Everbearing .......... Maule . . . .... T8 Med. T Medium.
Stabler. .............. Ford .... .. .... TS1 Large 1 fi , '1`all.
Stabl· r. ........... . . Burpee. . ...... TE) Med. S l Medium.
Mammoth ............ Ford .. .... .. T9 Large l S   Tall.
Landreth Sugar ...... Tlandreth . .... { Til l Med. lo 1 Tall.
. Black Mexican .. .. .. Thorburn. .... ' TH ] Med. T l Medium.
Crosby ............... Thorburn. ..... T9 l Med. T Dwarf.
Nonesueh .............   & S ........ TSI l Med. S Medium.
Squantum   Fo1·d . ....... Til Med. S y Medium. '
Squantum .....,,,..,_ Henderson .... SI1 Large ll l Tall.
Henderson . .....,_.. Henderson .... 83 Large ll l Tall.
Hiekox.   .... Harris ........ 84 l Med. S Medium.
Stowell`s Evergreen., . Hend ·1'S0[1 .... ; 84 l Med. S l Tall
Old Colony.. ......... Ferr *.. .... S4 { Med. lll . Medium.
. l   l
ltle Plus Ultra ........   Hen. & Thor. ., 95 ‘ Med. l0 l Medium.
§·l10e Peg ......_._,._ l   & 5 ,_,,,,_. l H3 \ Med. lll { Medium.
dlgzag Evergreen. .... l ·l*N. B. G. C0...l H3 ` Med. 10 j Medium.
Country Gentleman   Hend··rs··n ....   SS) y Med. 5 2 Medium.
Ruby. ............   Landreth. ..... l Nil   Med. T Y Medium.
Mammoth .... . ...... l Henderson .... l SI5   Largo   'Fall.
»» ‘*‘Johnson & Stokes. 1*NorLhrup, ljraslan & Goodwin (Jo.

 l [1
44 ]{cnfz¢c/ey Agricullural E9CP6fl.7}76}Zlf Slatian. iq
4 Of this list of varieties, some old and others new, the ’ p
i following appear from this season’s results to possess _
special value. ‘
`   EARLY. l  
FIRST or ALL, Bur. Stood at the head for earliness, of I ·
it _ all the varieties grown last year, and, though dwarf A
n ~ in plant and ear like all the first early