xt712j684j3f https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt712j684j3f/data/mets.xml   Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station. 1923 journals kaes_circulars_001_3_155 English Lexington : The Service, 1913-1958. Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station Circular (Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station) n. 155 text Circular (Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station) n. 155 1923 2014 true xt712j684j3f section xt712j684j3f 11111 COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE
111*. _ . . . .
. , Extensnon DIVISIOD
|\']'»·¤,
THOMAS P. COOPER, Dean and Director
1]. }1·‘I`
null `*
1l1··ut   55
I1 IM ·
I ‘ Productmn, Care and Use of Farm Manure
’ nut
1I`I•.·S}' .
  p,.;. » f[{'r'.~,_ A ,»• » yl `. ’  , ·
}__  ... _ qs. y- · .`  tr .
‘ .     ,`-..?h:     ` ‘ i _ 1 4 vv} · Q >
  Y ""?‘   ` ‘ · x.i&§..   ~' . 11*
  A .’-`* 'Z‘»*¥¤·.3*§#=2{§€*£§%_‘ ~* ,      .··~    ~
·’ _ •.;__ ,}+¢;:`~-.•-j,· x ‘*'»~1; ; » ·` .» _ ·‘::§_‘·’-`*'~ ·¤._3{ ’—' .- ._-...,· ..2  3;,- ·~ ·* · _ -
· ·,·_:~._t ~:rS4· *  ..’ · , *. -. ¤,;··‘1··~'*-1 *. .; ,»—_·** *, _.;-: ?· -1*-*-*  
  ‘ -<:*;{?,{€ ·%; ,- .3,." n·&?§rq;‘€=;.‘$‘;f_1g   ·°'<
..». ,,;.-~_»,_ we ». ..,.  _._· , ·» ,..··.;... — ~· ;;.— xy; ·   · >;_—·-» -
   ..»...·- ·· ...
`      It I-    Ilktj   _
  ;'3lnjj_jj’9`€,J-·`-· ._.4·¤   _ .3,,   :_.,» " _t.·` -`.·_ yi, · · $3; e._·_ch.,_  
I. 1;;. ;;),A,;_,,;·{ _·.»~¢-{jj. _. »-;_   >-{gk _.=-_€·}e,,€·§.:&¤_ L .
.   »,.`   .Q___,,,_  ·~;,»_· $.;,-7 yr __ , -` +·_·“ ._ ,.,  »·grg¤.;— · ».
Lexington, Ky.
June, 1923 ·
1`111·|1#1~···| in ····1n¤¤\~1mn win}; mp ;q;··i.·n1mmI n‘Xl1‘ll$i<1Il \\`<1I`k 1'i11`1`1=‘*1
"11 }'}`*'1111|ra·I';|Iin|1 nf {||4· q'.,]|,»;.- ,.|' ,\;I~i{·u|1m·\~_ [‘lli\1‘I`$iI}` xvi` Kv11111\'1i}'.
“1111(11•‘l`. S. |1··]»:n1‘t1m~111 ¤»l` .\:;1·i<·ul1111w·_ uml ·lisr1`il>11t·`¤l in f•lll`(h•.‘I'llIl, 1t·l1_

 i
‘. _ , ·   art

 . CIRCULAR NO. 155
Production, Care and Use of Farm Manurc
By R. E. STEPHENSON- and S. C. JONES
KENTUCKY A LIVE-STOCK STATE
111·1·:111~•· 111* 11l1‘ 1*1111111: 111111 11111_1‘ 1111111g‘1·111111_1‘ 111* ~11 ]|l1l1'1l
'11.1`\ 1111111. 1{1°111111'11.\' ~111111111 11;11111·1111_1· 111- il 1111--~1111·1{ >1&11·‘.
,1,* t11»·1=1··-~··111 111111-. 1111·1··· 111·1· 211111111 1.Y1*111.11111111111111111111111s *1111
11:;`1111111111`1 111·111; 1,111111 ]1'11111'1\ 111 111·· \\"`1!-111 1>1' 11111- 11111111111
l1111I1111·*11‘1I *111·1·1·~·11`1111111···\`···1 1111111 111 :111- $11111-. 1Sl'1` 1111111-
11 1`11-·111··11 111·1·1111·11 111 1111~1:11·1· 111- :1·11:/111a \11<>1l111. 1111111~1·1·1`1`1-
1*11211 111£1!1:1!1*1111‘111, 1*:1~11_\‘ 111* 1111·1'1*;11~1*11 11111·r11;111. 111‘ 1ll111`1‘ 11}' 1'1*-
1·1111111Ez1q 1·1111~:1· 1111111. \\`1111 [1111111-1- ~1111 1111-1111:1·1111·11‘_1111·11111111u’
¤11'11111i1L". 111~· 11~1- 111} 111111- 111111 111111~111111T1- -_ 1'111111111L.1. 1·1*·1;1~ 1\\'1111
*’111'111`111·*1`1'11*!1E1111*1'1’11[1<11121 1'•>1Zl111>Z1‘ il1111l'1‘1111'l1:11L1`1111‘1'1`1*[1
1*1-~11111··\ J11141 1111111111.1'Y 111·1111111·1-11, 1111- 1111-11 111111 )‘11·111s 111` 1`11111*
1‘11‘1·11 111:111 ’l1Z1_\` 111* 1·1·1·_=.* 1111111·1·11111v1· 1111·1·1·11~1·11. 'l`1111s 111\` 1111111-
11•`1'11141:111!1lZ11 ’1111C<1I1i11111;11l1¤*11 *111 1111- 1·211'111~<11.1111*~1i111‘. \\·111`11
1111- 1111*111 1i11I11 11 1111111111-11 11\ 1: >11·111111 111-. 1l1{I_\' 111`1'111111` 111‘111·—
11·‘2111_\‘ ?\111·1· 111:11 111` 1111- 1111-~··111. .\1111<1 1111- \·11111(x 111. 1-&11'11l
1111111111·1· 11< 1111 11u`1`111 111 11111111111L[` 11111111*5-*11 :11111 111 1111-1*1-11~111u‘
1111* _*·11*111 111. 1·1·1111< ]1;1~ 111II{f 111-1-11 1*1·1·.1:`111J<1‘11 11_1‘ 1111` ]11'11L!'1`1‘#<1\`1‘
1·111'!111*1'. _\'1*1 Zlx 11111* 1111>1*1'\`1‘~ 1111 1*\`1*1'}` 11111111 1111* 1*:11'1.*11‘SS 111111
1\`i1*11*1I111 1111·1111111s 1-1111111111-11 111 1111- ]11‘1111111·111111 :11111 11>l` 1*11
1*1i111111'1·. 111- 1< 1'1111\~1111‘1`11 111:11 1111- "i1\`t‘1`21Q`1‘ 111111 1111111.1A‘11\»1`1.’
*""‘<` 1'i11‘1111*1‘ 1121N 11111 11-1 111-.*11111-111-11 111 1111` 1'1‘111 \\`111‘111 111} 111N
1111111 1‘11111;11111- 11_1-]11·1111111·1. 1.i11'1I1 111:111111*1-.
1 '|11s11;11·1l 111 1.1111-:1 [>**?i111l|1l 1II 1‘11· 111·1-:1111 .\:1·11·1111111`.111'11111·:;1·.
1 1 - · .

 1 1
1
-1 [\r(`}11}l(`L`1j Cl.}'(‘1(11lI' N0. 1175
1 V PRODUCTION OF MANURE
-\ I1(x1'11111111`111}-\· N11('l'lx>$}.1}1 $§‘$1(`111 (I1. 1'111-111111; 1l1l1\1 11Ii11{_.
111111S\1111.1‘1'11}}1}'. \\'}11}1- 1111- 111-1-11111; 11}. 11\’l` s1111-11 11-11111 111311;
]11`11\'(‘ 1111- 1.il1'11l 1111*11 1111} 111-1-1-ss11y 111. 1;1·111111-<11Z1*
3111,1 111`l”\'U111S 111`11111}Q.. \\'}}1}l‘ }1(I}°Sl` 111El1111I`1‘. 1l1’111§j` 111111}}}*.
2111111115 {111' 111111 111*111N 11I111‘1{1_\'. '}`111-1-1-1`111-1-. 11l1X1Il;i' 1-111111- 1111111111-1-
11*1111 1l111`$(‘ 1111111111-1- }l1‘}11S 111 111.1l\'1`111 111ss. 'I`}11- ;-1*1-1111-st 1|I<<1}1.
0111111- 1111111111-0 111‘1'111`% 1111 1.1‘1‘1}1}lQ` 111 11111-11 1111S \\`}}1‘1'1‘ 1*11111< 111111'}1
11111 1Pll'QO 1111111111111-S 111' $111111111* 11111111 1.111111. 1111111- 111- 1111111-111
1111- 111fll11l1'C 1`I'11111 1)111.1}}'2}1.1}S ;‘1-1s 11111-}; 111 1111- ('11111\·111l`l1 111‘}1}<.
A1111111-1-11111* 1`&11'lll1‘1'S 1111 11111 V111111- 1111;- 1Il111l11}`1‘ }11Q'1l}}'. Y1-1
`1}(IQ`$ ('U11S}}111(* \'1‘1’_\' (‘11111'<‘1}11'E111‘1} 1ll‘l’11 21111} 111`(11}1}1°1` 1`11‘11
1111111111%-. I1` 1'111`1l 1s ‘\\'111'11l 751*1*111S 1)1'1’1)1l$1ll‘1 111 }`1-1-11 }111£`*· 1}1"
21) 1.-0111s \\'(I1·1.}} 111` 1'1-1-111111* 11-1*1 111 1111- 1111111111*1- is 111511 \\'l11`1111'

 Production, Care and Usa 0f Farm Jlanure 5
1111'11II%11l1‘l`1l1lUll. 'l`l111 11111 1*:111111 111` 11111 111:111111*1* lll2l}' l'('}1l'l‘S1.‘ll1
]I|§|1[,. 111111*1- 111:111 11ll1°'1>()lll`lll 1111* 11111*1* 111.1111* 1*111*11. :1 I;11*u*1· 11:11·1 111'1}11;
111111.- 111115 111 l{<’lI11ll‘l{j' :11·1· 1.1*11 111 s111:1ll 111111s 111* 111 11:111*11)*:11*11; :11111
11 11111. 11111111 111* 1111* l1l21l11ll`1‘ 1N 1111llZ1‘1l. l‘l1'11111 1111* s1:1111l]111l111 111` s1111
>‘11~·l1 111*11111;* 1.1111111 lll11[S :11*1- 1.1*11 111 11115 \\'21}'. 1111* 1':11*1111·1· 11:111 :1s
!l\`*.‘11 w1·1l»1·ll Q`l`2l1}l.
1ll11é11·* 111` :111 1`:11*111 :1111111:1ls, sl11·1·11 111:1l;1· 1l11· 111*.*1 1l1s11‘1l111111111 of
'11··?1~ 1]11·11* 111:111111*11 111 ;:1‘:1Z111!. 1.111111 *lll‘1‘]) 111:111111*11 is <1l'11]l])1‘(l 111
1 l·‘1¤ $111115 111* llI\l1l. :\ l;ll`;!(` 11:1111 111. 1111* 1.ll111l1ll! 1< 11111111 1111 111171 11:1+
mm   1111*0 1111l11< :11111 11111 lllilII\ll’1‘ :11111 l`(l`1(lll1`< :*11 111 1111·1*1*:1s11 1110
ll" NW1" g1*1111*1l1 111 g1*:1 il 111111*11- ]11l1v;I|`1' 111*1*1111l 111 111111*11
Q IMM >1111*l< l1l1lS1 1111 11111. '1`1111 11111-11 1I1\1 1.l‘(`lllllQ. IS 111 :111 (1111111 1111. 111` V
imw nf 1l10111:111111*11 IS 1l11*11\\‘11 1.l`11ll1 :1 $l1(`ll \\'lIl‘l`l‘ lll1` 1`1*1‘1l1I1;1` is 1111110
{MAX 111111 11111 11:11*11)*:11*11 111 l11:11·11 :11111 \1*:1<111 1111* $1`\·l`l’1ll 111<1111l1#. M111`0
Y 1'111'Q 1S l1l*1‘t‘l‘1‘_ 11111s11l1_1 11111 l§l111*g*1*:1ss l`l\Ql'l11ll 111
  EE l11'<‘\'§1l1 111ss 11.1 1111*11111)* 111 l1:1111ll111g' 11l2ll1lll'1`.
)u'<`UlP mm 11;:1 111111 1110 \'21lll(‘ 111 111:111111*11 IS 111 1lvll\ 1ll'l1l1‘ 111‘ 131111111
\'m.Hl\_ ‘ I   111 1111111 1*1*;;*:11*11011 1111 11111 1:11*111111*. \1:1·s111 111 11111 111111111
l ` 11101111* 8 111*S <11` 11111 11111s1 :11·11v11 11:11*1. 11111 11 IS 111111111:11*:111\‘11l)’
. \ ' ` .

 I
6 I1'1-11/111-11*_1; ('[1·1·11/111* .\'1I. /.3.7
- 1-:1sy 111 s:11*1- 1111- 111111111 11-1111 1111- *111111 11_1* llS1112` 1111-1111-111‘3,_j_ `
L111lQ`. T1;-111 1-1-1111-111 1111111'< ;·11*1- 1111- 11111s1 1·1111111l1·11· \;11·11,,_ 3 _~
il 11-1·1-1. 1111l`11 1*1111 11111111 \\1lx11 111-11111-11,   \’1*1‘)' s1111~1l:11·I111‘_‘1_ _\
11-:111)* 1111:11*11 1111111` 1s 11\·11<1lx1'111.
,1111 111·1-1*1-111 111-:11111g* :11111 111ss 111. 11111*1121-11_ 111:111111·1- 11 _`
111- 111-111 11’|11$1 :11111 \\·(`11 11:11-7:1-11. \\'111·1·1- :1111111:11s 1-1111  
_ il 11*1-11 111`1111\`l1 s1:111 11s11:111_1‘ 1111 111111-1* 111-1-1·:111t11111 is 11* ···r·  
A1·111 111111s1111:111- is 1-1-1·111111111-11111-11 :1s il ;·11111l 111-1-~··1·1*;1:1-.1··
s11111 11:11-11-1-1:11 :11-111111 :11111 111 :111~111·11 :111111111111z1. $1111-1- 111.111·.z·»· I
11111* 111 [11l11S111111I`\1<. 1111` 11s1- 111' :11·111 111111\1111:111- 111 111·- ~ ·`,`
111111111 111*1111111·1- il 111111'11 111111.1* \111111111111‘ 1111111111.!x. 1·`·11· :21··   .
1111s1-_ 3 111 11) l1(1llIll1S l11‘I' 111-1-1; 1.111' :1 1111111-1111111111 :1111111;11   1_
111- $111¥1l'1(`111.
'l`l1 111'1-\'1-111 11‘:11'111112` 11_1‘ 1‘;11l1~, :11111 1·1111s1-11111*11I 111**.11llL’
s111111111111-111-111 1111111-1*1·111‘1-1-1111111~111-1-:11111111111-1111111111111·11·Z1·
L'1`1111<. 1)11•‘$ 111 (°1111(‘1. 111l* 11:11·11_1‘:11-11 111* 111-111 :11-1- 1*1·1·_1‘ 1·r;1~ ‘1·‘  
X\v1lt‘1l 111:111111*1- 11111*1 111- 1·1-111111*1-11 1.I'111Il 1111- s1:111 111· ~111-11.  
111111' \i11111i11'_\` 1-1-:1~1111~ .1~
(*2151* 111' 11:111-_1‘ 11iI1`1l<. 111 1·1-111111·111g· 11-1- 111:111111·1- 111 :1 ~111··1 11  
111- 111-1-s1-1-1*1-11 11‘i11111111 111ss llll`11 s111·1-:111 1111 1111. 111-111. '1`111` 1·
]1.111`11l1$ 11ll1`}111<1‘ 111-1-11 11111 111- 1°X11'*11*1\1"1111|1 1111- s:11*111g 111 t'·~r·-
11111}' \\'111 11121 s11111'1 111111- 11:1_1' 1111- 1·11s1 (11. 1·1111s11*111-111111. 1)1i1?·`
1.111‘ 1‘1>1l<11'l11‘1111L1'21 111:111111-1- `111`|1 111;1_\` 111- 11111;11111-11 1`1·11111 1111- 11111-
11l1‘1{}' .\g-1-11-1111111-:11 l1;X|1{°1'11111'111 N1:1111111.1
A\|l111111‘1' s1111s1*:11·1111·_1* ]11il]l 111:11 is 11s1-11 11_1* \111111‘111111'1111`11*
is 111 11:11‘1- :1 1·l*\\' $111111'111|111 s1:1I1s111z11 :11-1- 1<1-111 1'11‘i1!1. 1111111*
1111- :·1111‘s :11-1- 1l11’l11*11 :1 111‘\\' :11 :1 11111lx :11111 1·1`11 L{`1'211l1 11*11111·1111·j1’
F11'1- l11111{1‘<1. '1`111- 1-111-xs :11-1- 1111*11 1111-111-11 111111 ;1 1:11*1;*1- >111'11111111
is 11-1-11 11<‘11111‘11, \\'111‘1'1' 1lil}' :11111 111111‘1' 1.(1112I11111j.ll :11-1- 1.1*11.
(1211111* 1.1‘1'111'1'$ 1-1111 \'1*1'_\' 1-1·11111111111·:111_\‘ ]11‘1‘\'1‘111 \\`1!`1" "Z
]111|11111.1`11_\· 1'1-1-11111;* 1111 31-:1ss 1`111· g1; 11111;- ll 111‘1`11111 2l<1*1.1`11`11.1l"
V' - · 1.] .11.

 /'ml/111·{1.1111, ('urr 11111/ {..w of I*`11l‘111 .}/1111112*0 T
»l`l »`·`   (·,.H·..· g‘.l.!1l1·z· l`1·1l llll ll|l‘ lll!`lll‘I' g‘1*1111111l in il l»;1~l11l·1· ii1·l1l will
1:.   l,,,·|l `;.1,·.· ;1z1·l |ll`ll.llllll'. ll11· l.··1*lllll_1*. (`2lI'<' »l11»11l1l l11~ llspll
1·_1·, _\ H.; 1., l‘.1ll1·11· ll|l\ l1¤1111·l€~ \\'l|<‘l'•‘ ll'2llIIlllll! :1 ~1·l'1 li1·l1{ 11·ill 111,
ll‘_lll!'_`· 1l1;1l 11*Ell llIl*l'l‘ ll1;111 lll.l.*l‘l ll1·· \.;llll|' 1»l' ll1·· l`1·1·lilil}.
~l` 1.. —z11*·~·l.
    ll1.;,· l` ···· 1li11;··~l11·11l·l11l11*11_1*>l···1l1»11··1111u·1·;1~~;1111l1l1·1·1·1-in
,11,;;; qllllll 1···11~ \\'ll•'l'·‘ ll1·· 111:111111*1~ l'IllIIl*>l lll- s;11·1-1l_ `llllgg-ill; Milf
:i1»·· 1‘lYll ;1::·l <1Tll•‘l' ··1·1·|·~ i11~1l1*··s ll»·~ u1*··11l··~? |‘1*llll'll 11111l ll11~ ll1*sl
11:;x··· K 1ll~ll‘E?·*lTE—·11 1·l. l.1·1*lllEl_1.‘.
1·· ~MQ
l__   VALUE OF MANURE ‘
    }·l:11;1;t*·· l~ ll1~· ··l11·;1;11·—l l.··l*llll!1·1· ll111l ll11· l.111*1111·l* l'illI g1·l
111:.l, 11*ll~11 ~11l>l¤l1·l111*l1l1·1l 11‘lll1 ]lll**\]lll£ll·'. il i< ;1l¤1» 1l11· l»1·s1_ lil;.
Iltilm >l»l~~~ ~11;·1»l_1:r1u* 1¤l:111l l.1»1··l ll1:1l 1·1»1111111·1*··E;1l l'1~1*lElix1~1*s1·1»11l;1i11.
_l_mEl__ l1l1:l1111*·· l;;1~··lll··l* llIl]llll'7&lIll 1*11l11··~_
;i_:v_·  Xmt l··ll;1·1‘;1l111#1·l.ll1··]·l11lll l.1·1·1l lll l11e111111*1~ iY'l‘ lllilll :111_1‘ll1ll1g* 1·l<1- llll 21
_Y_;.1.'i   ;»·111*~·»il. llll!llll\ i~ 111·1·1l···l. llllllvilllll 1·l11¤~l1l1;1l1·11*ill11»11ll11111111s
_}_`_·)tV will l.;1€l M1 l!H{ll1·‘ 1>1·1»l· ~1»ll~ l»1*1»1l111·ll1‘1·. 1·x1·1·l1l l.11l* l(`2.llllll)$
>1:1·l1;1~ ~\‘1‘1‘l 1·l1»1·1·1·_ ll` l|Ill|lll$ i~ s11l»l1lY1·1l l·_1‘ ]ll4l\\`lIlQ` 11l11l1·1*
v_ ll111111.l*1· ;::11l 1·1· ·;» 1-1-~i·l111·~_ g·1»11ll 1·1·1·11~ lIlil_\` l·1· 1‘X]ll‘1‘l1‘ll: \\vlll`l.\`
  llll11·~T··l11·;1lz·l l»l11»~l1l1;1l1· ;11*1· ll\(`*l llll l1111·l* N1lll>.
  I .l`l1·· 1*:1l11»· ·»l. 111;111111*1- 1l1·]11-111l\ lllllill s1·1‘1·l*z1l l.e11·l1·l*>.Y1»1lll;
IW qnml 9lllllllill\ll~1* l111·l*·· 11]. ll11· l1ll1l1·l*;1l~ 11111l l1l‘1»l1*ll1 lll. ll11* l.l`l`ll lllltl
rm   *‘l'll*·‘1lll**l1Yl_\` {1l*111l1l1·1· l11»111‘1·l* 111z1l1lll*1· il1;111 l1l;1l111*1· illlllll&ll$.
IWW l.€’lll"lll!l! 111.1l 11*111*}; ;1l»l111;1l~ 1·1~1;11l1*1·111§111·l*;1l;1l1·l pl*11l1*ll1 ll*llll`·
ll1· l{¤*!l· l`.lll1...ll "lll" l" l."l‘l**"" l"’*l.\` “`il~l1‘. Zlll·l ]¤l‘1>1l111·1· 11l;111111*1· ll1;1t
l` l`l*‘ll·‘l` lll lllll.ll2.\`ll. ]lllllS[lll¤ll`ll\ illlll 1·:1l1·l11111 ll111ll Q`l`<>\\`lll§` lllll·
· V lll.ll~1ll` iIllllll{ll< !`l\`llI;l' 111ill<.
l.l.lIi;l..‘._". .l.ll" l.;‘_"'l   il lll! l.:11*l11l‘ lll 1l1·l1·1*111ll1i11g1'll11· 1·;1l111~ 1»l` lllo
HV Ihw llllllllllll. l1l1·ll *1·1·1l> l11;1I;1· l'!1‘ll 111;1ll11l*1*_ ;1l11l \.ll'\l \`1‘l'>2l. )l£llllll`C
Wl iw lllllll 1*111*11 ;1111l.l;11ll;;|;·.—_ 1·l1»1·1—1·_ pm; ;1111l l11·;111 llil}`S. 1*1»ll11ll#1‘01l
*l'l‘lll1ll11l11ll:1ll;1 li m111·I1 l·l1e·l-
ding and to return crop residues to the soil in every way purc-
, ticahle.
The return from manure depemls to a large extent apart
the crop grown after its use. An im·reasi· ot` 100 poumls in the
yield of tiilvaeeo would bring prol»al¤l_x· t`o1u· times as n1u··l1 zu
an im·rease of lt) bushels ot` worn. liitlier result would he sz1ti<·
factory. The average im·rease in eorn on tive l{entm·ll` l'a·aas tat` aaa:aaaaaa··· uml ;jaa·a
paaaamls t<» Zillil aaaaaamls <>l' uwaal a»la·»—aala:at·· |a··a· ua·a·a· aaauy la·· tu.}
x‘a~a·y aaraatitulaly. \\'laa·aa a‘¤»a·l<]ala<>~{alaaat¤·lsa1s···l.us a·aam·la ;a~ l_¤l~a a‘··sialaaa·s la:a*.‘t· za lalula t`··a·tllYty yulma l{a·aataaa·lla~ maa·tia»aa aal` ala<·s·· vaariaaaas a·a·sa·lm·~ is v..a~·  
lay <·2tI‘a_‘lt*ss laumlliaau iaa s··am· a·us·-s uml lay iaat··aatla·aa;al ·la·~*a· 
tlaaaa laa y w····1t1‘··<· llllItL`1ll.tl
laaastvaas tla·· awattiaau ral. tlaa- stuIlllSS(’(l for laetlaliaag, This is u I)I'il<‘ll¢’lll WHY Ul
n` · ·...'.a.a€. A

 /*,1111/111·//1111, f'111*1 11111/ I`:<1 r1_[]"111';11 _'|/111111rn ll
11-. \111,;11_1111;; ?111?11E11;1* 11I11·1·· ~’1*2111* i~ 11111 :1\‘:1II:1I1I1·. II1‘1I1*l' IIIQIII
;111\_11I1·1·1·=1I:1u1*1~111·1*·I1*1I.1~111111111I11·1·111*111111111I1··\1I11_S11;1;1·
ill') `~J1'.1'11'1'1Z1ZI‘}1III r··`· 1.11111111111·1·~=1·s11.·. 1111}111-11·····i1·1I1`111·I111I11i11u*
11~11` *11111 -*1 ~—I11*1*1I·I1·1I I'111I1I·11‘1~:1—1·1I.
.11**11   111*1 *'11!l‘I1|*1Il   11}* I::1111III11: *»11'$1‘,‘. I~ 111 :1II1111‘ 1I11*
.11 »·,» I \1_,.1\ 11. 1-1.:_ 1,}1.1· —i111.1·1·_ ~i1·:1x·. 1·1·111:1I:1~ 111111*11 111:1111 1.111111.
11_.1§1·1_1 ~'111· ·,11·Z;·I11, 11::111 ~1:1I1`1· 11e·11-111*1·. I{1·111111111_x* 111~111:11111\111;11
    1·1·11:11:··1I $11 1I11· 1:11111. I11~‘··:11I111':1II1111r111g*:1 ~11·:1·11.·11II1·
11.     ‘:1111I .1.111 -11 ~I111`1I1I 111‘1··111~··· :1 1·1*1111. 1I1·· ~i1*:111* ~I11111I1I I11;
I1` _ ;·~ 11 ;'111·   E111;· :11111 1I1~‘1*}”»11`1·1 1111P: 1111· 111:111:11‘1·. \\`I11·111·:111I1· `
    1,1111* 1I_1· —`1'1t‘.‘1 ~T::·I< 11111 111:111111*1· :11111 ~11*.1‘.1‘ ]'<'1[111I1lIIl$j`
I`1  ~1 11I11 ~111‘1·11I, I1' ~11‘:1*.*1 1*11T~ 111 I1 11:I·· :1 $j`11¥||I 11:11*1 111 1I11· I·1'1'-
  ·‘Yi7_·.* Q I1~1 111 ‘1·;11·I11119 :1111I 1111·· ~1·111 1~ 111;11I1·111:11*11·I1.
V '1`1··1{1··i' 1·::·1~1· 1111* 111.1 ‘IY`1` :1 111*11* 1*:1I111· 11111111 \11`i1\\' :11111
""`I*     :1~ :`1·:·1E'1.111·1* 1—~ 111:11 1*11‘;11··; 111.\'I'I1 1·11:11*~1·.11111111)*111:111·1i11I
III  Z. —T~1 :.·.· _ 1!.1':'1I.1· 111:1111 II1|1'I 1*1 :‘1~111I ~'J1I1I·* 111:111111*1·. 1111 1I11·111I11·1*
`II"I‘ 1~;1·1·I 3 :1*1;1YI:1I1I1· :111111 ~T :11 1111 ··1· . I111T ~11`i1\\'211111>1<1\`<‘1'1‘11l1`Ii1111
'IN" _1IY~`11~\’11I111I1I·‘ 111:1111 1111111. 1·1I111·I1 I11···1111·~ :1\‘:11I:1I1I1· :11`11·1· <11I.11-
'I"I° 11-1111 t:1111· K ;1II11111·1I 1`111·1I1·1~:1_\‘.
`I;`A 11111:1 ~·1# 11 ~1:1II{~ I'I'III1IIII ~1·v1~:1 2E1111·~ :1~ 11111—·11 111:1111 1111111 21*
  &1i11‘~1`1i1I 11·-13111 III. 111:111111*··. 'I`I11·~;1I1·111'111I1:11-1·11111 I{1·111111·I<)‘1‘1·—
· 111~»1*1~ 111:11-1*1* 111.11* 111—:11·I_1· 1111.··· :1~ 111111·11 1`1·1·1iI11_1.* ;1~ 1~ 1*1·1111*111·11
$1 1·111111111·2*·1;1I 1`1·1*11I1.·11·1* 1111 :1II 111*·111~. \\`I11·11 1I11*>1;1II{\111`1‘\\`i1\11‘1I
"`   1I1·· 11*:11*1 11j11111 11111 1'··1·1i11111 i~ ~1111 ;1·1·:11··1·, 'l`1111:11·1·11~1:11I<~:11·1·
IIIIIW 1‘~§1·*·1z1II}‘ \z1I11:1’1I1· 1`111· 111|11I1·1~~1111; ··1‘::~~ 1111 111111 I:111·I,
WLM .\II 1·1·1111 1*1—~111111·~_ :11111 1·111·11 11.·1~1·.1~_ 11111*1- :1 I`1·1*11I11_v \‘:1I111·.
lt_IlAH_‘l§ I··1’!"11l11‘ !1·~11I111*—_ ~111·I1 ;1~ ~1·1·11111I g‘1‘11\\‘1I1 1·I11\'<*1', ;11‘1* 1‘~]11‘1‘I£1II}`
hmm 1111. .\ 11111 <1%.1'III`1‘1I 1·~g111111·\ 1·1»111:1111~ 1111- 1~11111v:1I1·111 111:1111 I.<‘111I
A lh 11 I.I'III` 11111~ 111 111:111111·1·. NI111*1· I1`!IIIII*`\ :11*11 II1°lI(I(‘I :11111 111111*O
  lll ¥"1'1*111!` 111 I1*:`11111··~ 1~ 1I1·>11*:1I1I1·_ :1~ 1I11~1*1· 11*111 1I11·11 I11· :1 I:11·g*111*11<1—
`]l`;H'\\_ 11111* 111 1*11111*11 111 11111 1:11111.
M2 i_ I"111‘ 1111* 1·111111111<1111111 III. 1·1·1111 1·11~111111·< \1`lI 1:1I1I1· Y1.
IILIIIA 4111 I`iiIII\v1II(`III :11111111111 11I` 111:1111 1.11111I 1:1 1·1*11]1 1*1·<11I111·~ 1<
{1-11111 111*:11*11 :1» 1·1`1'1·1·111·1· 111 111:11111:1i11i11g* 1`1·1·11111y ;1< 111 $1:111111 111:111111·1·.
;1}`1|I· "\""`11 11111: 111*1*1111I 11I` 111111*. 'I`I111 11 Ii1I{1‘> 1‘11s11I111·s I111lg`Ol` 111 1111-
. s · · .

 l
12 I(C}ll(llC]¤’]j Cz'rt·ulur N0. /5:7
‘ eay, when snl`lii·ient tinte is given. sotnewliat inore lnnnns lx wl,.
duced and nearly as nineh mineral plant l'ood is lilierzntell.
A Nllltly ttl Veslllls tlll lll¤* lllllnlis l‘i\llt*I`lllll*Ill l*`i<*ll'll\
than nnnnire. tho both need to be snpplenn·nt¤··l with [lllllllIi1lll‘lllt‘lll*‘tl
‘ with limestone and phosphate, the crop resilliies gaiw l`nlly a~
large erop increases on the zivi-i·z1g·l· as dill the stable lllillllll`t‘.
(See table 65
A PERMANENT SYSTEM OF SOIL FERTILITY
Only t}(lIll]_lil1`zll\`Cl}' few l`Zll`lllt‘l‘S are following a systeni oi
‘ farining that will inainlain fertility, and still l`ewer are inalainz
the soil better. 'l`oba¤·<·o has lieen the niain nnniey et··»l» and tho
it is not hard on land. the persistent drain on the plant l'¤»»ll by
a sinall crop l't‘llltl\'l'tl every yl-in- slowly t‘XllZlll>l< the soil.
Keutueky needs niore tliversili<·ali·>n_ 'l`lio lol»al··#o is prolit-
able, its production need not int¤—i·l'¤·re swilliisly with the prn-
duction of feed and stock. One way to replaee the fertility re-
moved by tobacco is to purchase eonecntrated feeds, suelt as
tankage and eottonseed meal, which are needed on a stock
farm.
Except on bottom lands and permanent pastures it is not
possible to maintain fertility economically without zi crop reta-
tion. No farmer can afford to purchase any large amount of
nitrogenous fertilizers. Every farmer can afford to grow legumes.
and on the stock farm legume feeds are much needed. Clovers,
beans, peas and alfalfa will make it unneeesstn-y to purehnS€ F1
large amount of protein feeds, whieh are expensive. With at
` " - ·.;Q ..l» l.

 Pl'0(ll(C[l.0}l-, ('aro and Use of Farm Jlamzre 13
,,_ ]11g111111· 11m·1~ 1‘\`l‘l'}' llIl`(‘1‘ 111 l`11lll' years i11 u 1·r1111 Ffllilllflllf llll'}
11i11·1121~11 uml llllllllli in ll|1' soil lI|1l_\` l11· 111ui111ui111·1l il'1-1·1111su1·e
H I l·l‘1l illl1l 1l11· l|l&llllll'1‘ 1·1·1111·111·1l.
,1,. lil\'1‘ s1111·l; is l‘\L~l‘llllill lllll 1111l_1· 111 Lrl`ilZ*‘ 1l11· l11l>llll`1‘ luml,
1,1 , l1111 111 s111111I)‘ :1 S_\`Sl1‘lll 111` l.2ll'l!lll|lI wl1i1·l1 makes less plowiiig
M_ 111·1·1s<111·_v. 'l`l11· 1'1‘l|*ll* 1·1·11111·1 5ll*1\\'S :1 lflllll 111` lll.ill`l}' 7_11111)_1)(11)
YA ilI‘l`1'< 111' IIil