xt71zc7rpc06 https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt71zc7rpc06/data/mets.xml Kentucky Kentucky Coal Association Governor's Office For Coal and Energy Policy 1989 journals  English  Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Kentucky Coal Facts Kentucky Coal Facts: 1989-1990 Pocket Guide text Kentucky Coal Facts: 1989-1990 Pocket Guide 1989 2014 true xt71zc7rpc06 section xt71zc7rpc06 4989-90 POCKET GUIDE
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i?.-pf Jobs, Energy, Tax Revenue, ond Economic Growth
Prepdred by The
G0vcrn0r’s Office For Coal
and Energy Policy
dnd The
Kentucky Coal Association

 Highlights *
Kentucky Coal Rxcts
I The Kentucky coal industry employed 31.500 persons in 1988.
I The Kentucky coal industry paid over $1 billion in wages in 1988.
I Almost all of Kentuckys electricity is generated from coal.
t
I 72% of Kentucky`s coal is shipped to electric utilities.-  
I Kentucky coal companies paid almost $180 million in coal severance taxes
in Fiscal Year 1988-1989.
I Many Kentucky communities are dependent on the coal industry.
I Kentucky produced 161.2 million tons of coal in 1988. compared to a re-
cord 177.3 million tons in 1987.
I Kentucky. the number one coal producer from 1973 to 1987. hecame num-
ber two in 1988. behind Wyoming.
I Safety is steadily improving in the industry as a whole.
I All surface—mined land today must be reclaimed to be at least as productive
as before mining.
I Coal can be and is being burned more cleanly today.
Released for priming November 15. 1989 s
This publication is for informational use only. lt includes some extrapola» l
tive second and third party data as well as some broad estimates. and should l
not necessarily be construed as ofhcial source data or be construed as advo— I
cating or necessarily reflecting any policy position of the Governors Office l
for Coal and Energy Policy or the Kentucky Coal Association. I
é

 t
;
1
l 1
e . Foreword
F
  The Kentucky coal industry is vital to the economy of the (`ommonwealth. Ken-
  tucky coal means thousands ofjobs and millions of dollars in tax revenues. lt
I generates billions of dollars for Kentucky`s economy,
t
E ln addition. Kentucky coal is an important energy source. lt creates almost all
f of Kentucky`s electricity and is shipped to electric utilities and industries in
E many other states.
` Coal has played an important role in the history of Kentucky and the United
- States and will play an important role in our future. As a reasonably-priced.
’ reliable source of electricity. coal should hecome a key player in a national encr»
’ gt policy that would reduce dependence on foreign energy.
_ The coal industry has made great strides in solving its problems in the past. The
` industry has high standards for reclaiming mined land. has become a muclt safer
— industry. and has reduced its impact on the environment.
New challenges face the Kentucky coal industry today —— fewer mining jobs.
high costs and low prices. increased competition front other states. acid raitt leg»
islation. environmentalconcerns. and the effects from foreign competition with
. U.S. coal.
Kentucky (`aal Facts was prepared to provide quick information about coal lit
government officials. legislators. regulatory personnel. media representatives.
comntunity leaders. educators. students. and other citizens. Each major section
of information provides references for those requiring more detailed ittforma—
tion.
l This booklet was a joint project between the Governors Office for Coal attd
Energy Policy and the Kentucky Coal Association. a non—profit organization
of coal producers. Free copies are available from our offices or from members
of the Kentucky Coal Association.
We welcome your feedback. comments. and suggestions on kentucky (`oal FacLv.
  " / Q eff z ,.0
‘ Q _ _  
Geor E Evans. Jr. Tom Duncan
Sp cial Assistuttt I0 the GOI’(’I7l0l` PI`(‘Sf(f('I1I
c """.0l`i\` we or `oa 'cntuc T `ou
G Off 1 C 1 It t_ < 1
mul Encrgr Policv A.t.tociu1io11

 . Q
Acknowledgements 2  
Kentucky Government Agencies  
Governors Office  _
— Department of Local Government 1
Cabinet for Human Resources  
- Department for Employment Services  _
Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Cabinet  i
- Department for Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement  
Public Protection and Regulation Cabinet  
— Department of Mines and Minerals  
Revenue Cabinet  
Transportation Cabinet  
— Coal Haul Highway Section  I;
 L I
U.S. Government Agencies  
U.S. Department of Energy ‘
— Energy Information Administration » 1
‘ 1
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers  
Railroad Companies A i
— CSX Transportation. Inc. A ‘
— Norfolk Southern Corporation  Q i
— Paducah and Louisville Railway  r i
— TransKentucky Transportation Railroad. Inc. _’ i
- Tradewater Railway Company i I
s t
Kentucky Coal Association Officers _
— 5.0. "Bud" Ogden Chairman 1
— Donald R Brown Vice Chairman 1
— Raymond A. Bradbury Secretary .
— Tom Duncan President 1 i
— Bill K Caylor Vice President _ i
Other Contributors  
— Members of the Kentucky Coal Association .
— Kentucky Metallurgical Coal Producers (Surveyed)
' 1
Special Acknowledgements I
Special thanks to those who daily did the typing. composition. artwork. V
·* typesetting. etc: `
Krina Fry Graphic Designer ·
Tears Molohon Typing {
Joan Richardson Computer Compositions [

 1
3 Contents
Highlights ................i............i... Front cover
Foreword ..........,............,.,.,............... 1
Acknowledgements ......,...................,....... 2
Contents ....................,...................... 3
Types of Mining .................................... 5
‘ History .....,..............................,....... 6
A Employment ................................,....... 8
f Employment/Wages by County .,..................... 10
County Production .........................,.,..... 11
Production ..........,............................. 12
p Productivity ........................................ 13
. Safety/Training ...............,.,.............i..... 14
Tax Revenue ....................i...............,.. 16
Severance Tax by County ..........................,. 18
Coal Prices .............................,..r....... 19
Uses of Coal ....................................... 20
Coal — Low Cost Energy ............................ 21
Ky. Coal Shipments to Electric Utility Plants ......i... 22
Distribution - Utility Coal .................,.,...... 24
: Exports ............................,.............. 26
Transportation ...............................i..... 28
Reclamation ......................,................ 30
Reclaimed Land Use ............................... 31
Air Quality ...,.............................,...... 32
By—product Development ........................... 34
4 Water Quality ..........,........................... 35
· Coal Origin and Properties .....................,,... 36
L Coal Properties — Improvements ..................... 37
i Resources .............................1........... 38
U.S. Comparisons .................................. 40
Ky. — Wyo. Coal ........................,........... 41
Productivity — United States ......................... 42
I Energy Equivalents and Conversions ................. 43
  Frequent References ................................ 44
  Information Assistance ..................... Rear cover
1
 I
I
. 1

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 5 . .
Types of Mining
lskntuclgv has two distinct coaljields, each containing numerous deposits of hitu»
minous coal of various characteristics and mines of every type and size. By the
use of large drztglines and shovels. the excavation of two or more coal seam de-
posits tmulti—seam mining) is possible in the large "ami xiufucv miner" of the
gently rolling Hizstcrn ltbntucky coal field and in the large "mouniain iop removal
mines " in the steeper terrain of the Eastern ltknmcky coal field Both the Eastern
t and Western Kentucky coal fields have large. modem. and efhcient underground
mines tof various entry types) utilizing improved mining methods with increased
mechanization — continuous miners. longwall mining panels. or both.
V - OfKentucky's 161.2 million
tons of 1988 coal produc-
tion. 99.1 million tons were
produced by underground
mining methods and 62.1 7- k
million tons were produced
by surface mining methods. /
. . .%`§°
‘ . A breakdown of the differ- ._.¤°,,;.yg’
ent types of surface and un- js`{·§l§`§&
derground mining methods nwhvr}/7;
used in Kentucky is as fol- ,
lows “ Area Surface Mme
` _ _ Mountain Top Removal
1988 Mtntng [Wes
  Strrlare '
Prod
Mine Noof Million Em.
Type Mines TUHS plovees
- Surface
Surface _
Mmm; .»"t N ¤ 52 #4 _ ComouriAugcr Mine
Surface &
Auger ws 41.2 17.798 I ndt·rgr•»und
Auger F- g:::::
Mining 96 1. l5 598 i· ,.
y ji  r ’
L·ndergr•und Ll Q: E
Z .-.t .-. ,-.· .. .. -.
Room and ' _ . .
mu.-ti svn wi mss: DUI? Mme ,
Longwall °°  
l Mining tb) tlU.(tt (l.F•7t\1 = l
l Sun I /
T•tals • z.¤8• 161.2 4432; /  
l
‘ Underground "Room and Pillar’ values  
mclude the “Longwall minmg" estimates Sjopp gujnp
" Longwall mining figures are HG1 re—
poned separately and values are estimates
fmmphonesurveysbytheGo·vemor`sOf~ l
fice for Coal and Energy Puliqi The   _
longwall production and eruployee estt- Q   Q5 M,,wf`
HUil¢> usually include 2 conventional E U §  :;_ lf; 1,,,,»r·" i
minutgsections uscdtosupport thedevel- V  ·=· `i lr
I opment of the longwall panels Only 5 of .
j the n longwall mines were active during t —
' **8  
1 S"’;“`“°$ _ Shah Mine
— ky Dept of Mines and Minerals. 1988 '
Annual Rigrt _
_ ({:21;;:-\lgIlUr,S Omg for Cm] and Energy ioazircilergéggtttmatttwn Administration Coal Data
t )  

 · 6
History
on was iscovere in ir ima.    ,
C 1 d' d ' V' g` ' 1 _
First recorded U.S. coal production (1748).  
.\pri| 1.1, 1750 1)r. 'l`l1omas \\'a1ker lirsi recorded (
]750 person to discover and use coal in Kentucky. {
s
1 1
1755 l.e\vis 1£van's map showing coal in what is now the `  
Greenup County amd Boyd County area oi Kentucky. Y a'
i.
First commercial U.S. coal shipment (1758). l  
1 760 i 1
; ‘
|
l
First commercial mine opened in 1{y.—near _
1820 the Green River and known as the "McLean drift \ l
batik" near Paradise in Muhlenberg County. l  
.1.28 short tons mined and sold in Kentucky.   : .
1830 2,000 tons of Kentucky production. l
10,000 tons of Kentucky production (1837).  
1840 A
100,000 tons of Kentucky production.  
i .
1850 150,000 tons of Kentucky production.
l.CXll1g`l()11 and Big Sandy railroad proposed.
l
Kentucky Geological Survey established. l
!
Pre—Civi1 War Kentucky production record of  
1860 285,760 tons. \
Snrlace mining begins near Danville. 111, (1866). i _ _
Post-Civil War Kentucky production decline to `
1870 150,582 tons.  
lst train oil the Big Sandy Railroad (1872). )
Coal mined with steam—po\vered shovel (1877).  
1880 One million tons of Kentucky production (1879). ‘
Mecluuiicul stokers introduced. ·
Mine \`entil;ition 1.aw.
lst train I`rom \\'i11iamson, \\`.\‘u. to 1'ike County. Ky.
Coal mining machines come into general use.
]89() Miner Pay Law. .
1`nited Mine \\'orlor l.;t\v.
191 lst train oll the Lexington and liastern Railroad.  
0 lndependent Geological Survey established. ~
lst train lrom the Cuntberland \'.i11ey Railroad. l
Sources — Energy lnformntion Atlmmistrznion. Coal Data A Reference. 1989
» Ky. Dept. o1'l\lmcs and Minerals. Annual Report
- Willartl Rouse Jillson. Coal lntlustrv in lu:. IQZZ

 7 H`story
World War 1 increases demand for coal; Kentucky  
production 20.3 million tons (1914).  
Short·il;ime or "permissilile" explosives deyeloped.  
Mine Snilety Law (1014).  
  lst pulyerized coal liring in electric power plants.  
Federal Mineral Leasing .\ct (1030).  
42.1 million tons of Kentucky production. 1
i\ll—time high CS. employment ol 704,70.%  
bituminous coal and lignite miners (1023).  
· lst dragline excavators built especially lor surlace mining.  
4 it 1 l 1 ’ l
Stoc * mar tet eras 1 ( 0-0).
1930 `
( Walking dragline excavators developed.
. 47.7 million tons of Kentucky production (1936).
194,0 _ World \Var 1l—coal production in Kentucky rises
to 72.4 million tons for the war eilort.
Auger surlace mining introduced.
Kentucky Coal Association founded 1042
_ K Post·war Marshall Plan—production rises to 88.7
· (_ g million tons in Kentucky.
(   gl ‘ Continuous underground mining systems developed.
Q   H ' 1 i_ _ Kentucky Water Contamination Legislation.
i ; . 82.2 million tons of Kentucky production (1950).
l ·*` M .
i Y . Fish and \\’i1d1i1e Coordination Act (10;%).
' Railroads converting from coal to diesel fuel.
( Roof bolting introduced in underground mines.
) _ K
i ‘ .
( ]96(] P,.·,:;' an Railroads began using unit coal trains.
2; ·   lst longwall mining with powered roof supports.
` ` Q! 7 _, ,, . . . .
. 5 _ ixentucky Stiriace Mining Legislation.
i ` 1 I *·
( '· _   Kentucky coal production exceeded 100 million tons.
,;· ".   National llistoric Preservation .\ct (Woo).
`   Federal Coal Mine llealtli and Safety .\ct (10o0).
1970 _ —  .. Federal Clean .\ir .\ct (WTO).
_ [ Kentucky Coal Severance Tax estalilislied (197.2).
` c { i Federal Water Pollution Control i\ct (1072).
Y ·,'{ l . .
_ » ·   Kentucky becomes the leading coal producing state.
. ‘ · it T   Endangered Species Act (I073).
  »'   OPEC oil embargo; coal production and prices rise.
, . ‘ ( Federal Coal Leasing Amendments .\ct (107o).
1980 ~"_ ‘ 1 i Federal Suriaee Mine Control and Reclamation .\ct e 1**77).
‘ t  _
va. __ . Current Events of the ’80s
n - _  
1
.. ', ’r { OPEC cuts oil prices for first time (1983).
'. —* ‘ . . . - 2
·· koal Summit 1 (10%).
1985 ·· ’_ " (
g '_ ' Coal Summit 11 (1087).
1. `Jj ‘ Kentucky’s record production to date-177.3 million
tons (1987). .
l\ .\ lot)->.1\\ Atmospheric iluidized lied combustion
I ’ Unit comes on line (1088). c
' - Q- _ Wyo. displaces Ky. as the leading coal producing state.
  `; - Kentucky Energy Cabinet liecomes t}oyernor`s t illice
· '. _ lor Coal and linergy Policy (1080).

 Employment i
The Kentucky coal mining industry has a current work force oi over 31.5tNl
people directly employed in coal mining jobs.
Percent qf Kentuck_y`s Coal Mining Hbrk Force _
is
Eastern Kentucky 87.4%  
Western Kentucky 12.692  
—  L.q7`»”`c,/Ki? "    ·‘>’··~.
WKY Coal Field J L, ,.g~"“~ ·~ ka. .1; -»;__ 1- Mei" ;,,,:"*"».;
J ..?‘ ‘ /\/” /‘\/...4-V9- .i~ }`*i_~·—; ,.,~ .
~· Y; ,·”`”7 * ? r we ,1 {
·~»~ » 1. 1:*   r' \.`X···=Z2\1°‘f~_-·—, Q Z3~<;"‘\ f"
  '"V 2;   g Ti;/<;* ‘ "t ~—-—~·  1 »-
·>¤*° ··» ~;r"< \ 1  . . Y` \a·.·-» *·»7 ‘* __ )` {
 —   1 7 ·¤~ .  fit   $9%-><;w~
(J, »\_\V>` _},;__ ` ·s--»¤-   P  __,—    _\\   ,.    Zrjlgy
. ‘;.c:’ `J     '   -~t—· N     1. »"" 4 1   »`r'···— 1
cig 1,,   `»·» \ .. ,»—, _ ~_ V   .... IM.    ·
< .... ‘ ~ ‘ *2.. * 4 i;;2;.ii;;,4f  * ‘  
is/f   ‘  , “"`i"" '
Eastern Kentucky averages 87.4% of Kcntuckys coal mining work tiorcc and
accounts for almost 75% of Kctttuckys total coal production.
West Kentucky averages 12.6% oi lientuckys coal mining work force. while
accounting for over 25% of Kentucky`s coal production.
Coal Mining Employment in Kentucky. I950 - 1988
55 ZZZIKH-
52 Kiwi;-
44 '
3 In I-
5 1
‘ 40 Imt V` 1
  36 IVHKKZ i
2 32
e IY—H 1
" 28
(lj
z "K—  1
5 24  
T1. 20
E
E 15
12
  N
4 1
0
1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1906
Source Kentuch Cabinet For Human Resuurcc>

   ‘·.?   “; r2 ‘<‘   .¤’» J ~ Emplovment
 
Coal Mining Shy? in Employment from Underground to Surface.
1950 - 1988
100 TGC
 
I Surface ·
75 1 TE
1
z Q 1
EL .
1 E 1
:3 50 1 :~.
. w
‘ S
L
1 25 Underground Qi
O { C
1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1950 1955
Source K12 Dep1 n{l\l1n€> and X1ll"lEf3l>
V Kentucky Coal Mining Employment
' `lhml ° Percent Employees "
Year Emp1:·vee~ L nderzrnunrl Surface
10511 55.295 0* .1
4 1951 Sllflgs @5 5 [I ln1he`5l|s:1ml`(111sandpr1¤1r
g         years. UIOSI kmiucky f`I1lI1L‘l`*
14;;.1 j1_{yS] ¤_; · worked in u11dcrgr<1un1l
V WSF ·“·°*2 92 8 mines. llnmever. the nmkeup
z 1<25<· s4.¤71 <>1 ¤ . .
g ms? 34,4gs Ul ¤ ofthe work lorce has slnlled
I 1958 —*1’~‘?2$ °? S in recent vears.
1<>5<> 25.S-12 on 111 ‘
lnbn Zl>.·l2f¤ S0 11
· mm 2$.¤11 S¤ 11
1¤62 22.<»¤1 s¤ ll
' 1%.% 22.985 ss 12 C] A steady increase 1n the
‘ 7'1 'T I` 2 . .
_   {gs;     number ul suriace nune
l 1¤¤<» 21.150 so 14 employees results in almost
Q 1967 21.5911 S5 15 . . . . r , ., .
I MVS ZMSO S5 I_ equal numljers 01 ernpluyeu
j 1¤¢»¢ 311355 T0 Q1 1HV0l\'CLl 111 surface and
2 l°”" 2;-7**** 7* 2" underszround mininu 11141:11;
J 1¤'1 24.614 us 32 ° ‘ ‘
` 1972 Zh, 1 IS rf 53
; 1¤75 21·.4s 1 me- .1.1
I 107-1 $-1.1*2** (12 58
1 1075 -11.-15h 55 -15
  19711 41.'-11· 55 -15
IU" -10.1110 S3 J'
, 1978 41441 J9 51
l 1979 4s.ss4 Ss 4‘
1¤>s¤· 4'.17S S` 45
- 1=1S1 4s.575 Ss 4‘
1 IOS] 4¤.s¤1 Sl 411
; 1953 s¢>.o7s 5.% 4‘
; 1*>s4 sv,'20 SI1 SM
1985 58,162 -18 52
wsu $4.455 5: 4s
1 Number o1` 1.tccn~u 75 o.j611_11¤_%
Carter — — ` lt-(’."2' ' 1€~*1.T`2'
Clay 5 51**.115-1 211 551.82-1 2.1 1.1111.858
Clinton -1 567.117-1 -- -- -1 .§6'_6T.1
Elliott 1 -1.-191 A 218.61.1 ·1 225.111.1
. Floyd 1118 5.328.282 58 -1.-155.5% 166 11.76.%.SSx
Grcenup -- -— 5 8·11.5"7 5 S-1l.5"'
Harlan 1-1-1 111.995.00} -18 2.26.%.1128 1*12 13.259.231
. Jackson — -- " 11 1.1*11 ” U 1 .6*11
Johnson 11· 905.678 211 S23.-1211 $11 1.22+11118
Knott 02 -1.6118.53-1 7-1 1.167.67-1 15t· (~.11?(¤_211¥
Knox 73 8211.521 J6 975.-1.%.1 1111 t.7<>5.'55
Laurel — — 1 l 96.81.13 11 96.811.1
Lawrence -- —— 1-1 -132.1172 l-1 -132.972
me — — 11 22-1.138 11 22-1.138
Lxsltc 511 o.162.1"1 31 1.-l22."7t· 61 7.58-1.11-l'
Lctcher 62 5.7°5.—1-1*1 7~1 2.01 1.11111 1-11 8.7116.-165
AlCCl'€J1'\' — -- 2 28.1111 2 28.1111
Magofftn S 267.259 20 1.71.%.626 s' 1.0811.885
Martin 31 8.-1l8.11(»·1 -1-1 -1.5523711 25 12.`*5.-1-111
Morgan -1 5.1111 5 55.921 0 b1.1·25
Owslcy — — 211 .11-1.82-1 211 51-1.82-1
1'crrv 25 2.1125.875 1211 o.o5".8-15 152 8.683.7211
Pike 28-1 21. 789.829 172 [1.78-1. 1.15 -156 28.51.96-1
Pulaski 1 38.128 J .i1o.lS5 5 .15-1.51.%
Ruckcustle -- -- 1 11 1 11
\\kiyn¤ — — 2 1211.8.111 2 l2o.S5¤
Whitley 55 068.2110 55 1.111.1.-15.1 1111 1.8`l.t1S‘1
Wolfe —- — 1 $1|_lIlI1l 1 5t1_o1i6
Wescm Kentucky
Butler — —- 12 1.597.585 12 1.5**2585
Caldwell -- — 2 2-1.272 2 2-1.2"2
Christian —- -— l 268.851 1 268.851
Daviess -- -- 15 l.1'~}1$.·1(¤` 15 1. IOS.-1t·'
Edmonson -— — 1 111.889 1 1o.S8*1
Hancock — — 1 15.1102 1 1.%.11*12
A Hcntlcrson l 1.11 19.2-15 2 181.1111 5 l.2t111__1-11-
Hopkin> S -1.971.575 2-1 5.2-1.1.1-12 52 111.21-1.51’
McLean — -- -1 251.-15*1 -1 251.-15*1
Muhlenberg 5 -1917.5112 11 2. 1-18.11 16 lo ”.11S5.5 18
Ohio —— —— 12 2.281.9115 12 2.281.9113
L mon T 111.-1111.5117 1 7-1.8-12 S 111.-1111. 1-1*1
Webster 5 1;.2111.165 .1 1.711-1..11111 8 7.*1115.-1o5
1  
Totals 970 99.104,469 1.116 62. 104.729 2.086 I6 1,209. 1911 i
Sourcr:. K) Dcpt l1[l\ilHL'\i11'l(l Y\ltn:·r.i1>. Annual Report. 1988
`·  D Pikc County was thc lcading coal producing county in Kcntucky with
 1 ovcr 28.57 million tons ol production in 1988.
1 1;] Union County cdgcd out Hopkins County to Icad thc production in
 l Wcstcrn Kcntucky with 111.49 million tons.
l 1
1
1
1 2

  
Kentucky produced 101.2 million tons of bituminous coal in 1988. down from
the 19147 record production ot 177.3 million tons.
Kentucky Production
200
1BO
180
140
Z
5120
  100
LZ 80
60
40
I nderground
20 g
O
1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985
Kentuekys most noticcahle production trend is its increase in Eastern Kentucky
underground production -— from a low of 28. 192 oftotal Kentucky production —
in 1977 to the 1988 level 0144.4% of total Kentucky production. The Surface
Mining Reclamation and Enforcement Act. enacted in 1977. was the majorfac—
tor in this change.
Number of Licensed Mines in Kentucky
5000
4500
4000
3500 Total
52000
.E
$2500
52000
1500 i
1000 _ I ttderground °
500 1
O I
1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985
Source Kt Dept of Mines and Minerals. .»\nnual Report. 1951* - 1088

 ~ ]'§ . .
· Productnvnty
Coal Mine Productivity (I 977 - 1987) Tons/Miner/Hour
Entcrn Western Kcnruckv Appalacman lmcnur Westem l`.S LIS
War Kemuckv Kentucky Average Coal Fneld Coal Fneld Coal Fneld Average
IQT" 1.71 2.22 1.80 1.30 2 42 5.85 1.52
1978 1.62 19‘ 1.71 —· — — 1*9
1979 1.5-5 1.9.1 l,(»J 1.33 2.21 5 J' ISI
[ 1<>8¤· 1.6° 196 1 74 1.s<» lsu 5 M 1-1:
` 1981 1.70 2.12 1.84 1.51 235 6.15 21*-
Q 1982 1,7*9 2 U1 LS-! 1.51 2.3S (».2b 2.11
1983 1.98 2 45 2.08 1 75 2.60 ".6<• 2.5¤¤
I 192;.1 1.13 2.c1 2.24 1.s¢» 2,8n sin 2 ru
: 1985 2.15 2.5" 2.23 1.q(l 2 Sl 8.55 2 7-I
V 1086 2.31 2 QJ 2 45 2.00 5.14 9.27 3 U1
1987 2.50 2 98 2.69 2.3u $,53 IU -12 S,$¤·
Source; LES. DOE — Eucrgv lnfurmzmon Admnmstrauon (§0alPruduc1mn. W"-1988
_ Kentucky and [LS. Coal Production, 1950 - 1988
(Millions 0f Tons)
· Kcmuckx linncd Kcmuckv a~
\}:ar Eastem Westem Tnml States "Q ui L` S
195u 57.5 2-1 * S2.2 510.5 IS 0
1951 52.4 21.0 7-1 lv 535." 13.0
1952 44,5 2U U u-LS ·\(»(»,S 15.8
1953 42.3 21.2 63.5 JST`.} l3.°
1954 36.1 22.5 $570 3017 15 II
1955 J2." Zo.} 08 ° -1(»·1.¢» 1-1,8
1956 40.1 29.8 75 0 Sm: ~¤ 15.2
1957 JS.-\ SU.-1 75.S -102,* 15,-I
1958 39.5 28.3 6".$ ·\\u.S lu.5
A 195¤ $4.7 su.} 65.<> -112.rr 15 S
.` 1%4• so 7 311..1 07.1 415.5 lo 1
I 1961 34.8 30.6 65.4 40311 10.2
I 1962 ss -1 31.7 Vu.1 422.1 l0.t~
1963 42.4 35.* 7S.l 458.** 1T Ir
1%-: 45.3 Asn $$..4 Jsiw 17.1
1965 47.3 3** ¤ 87.2 512.1 170
l96{¤ 51.5 42 il 93.2 533.** 17.5
I96" 54.5 45.6 IUILI 552.¢» 18.1
1968 5-Ls 40.1 www 545.2 1s.S
196*1 60.5 47rh ws n Sm.5 Ms
1970 75.0 52." 125.3 602.9 10.8
1°71 7l.3 47.8 119.1 552.2 21.0
~ 1972 08.0 52.3 120.3 595 J 2¤·,2
1973 75.0 55.0 117.5 5°l " 21.5
197-1 SSAI 51.8 136.8 603.4 22 'V
· 1075 SS.2 So M 144.2 (>|S.J 22.2
1076 S9.(l 55.u 142.0 678 ’ 11 ¤·
1077 95.9 S17 l-17.0 691.5 21 J
‘ 1078 ¤7L• $9.8 lib.}; 665.1 2* Lo
` 1**70 lnu.7 -1$_2 14*7.8 770.3 I0.}
1980 ll¤¤.2 ·|1|| 15¤»,1 825.n IS 2
1951 lI7.¤ 59 7 157.0 HIS 4 W.5
1982 112.1 $0.3 1513 855.5 15.2
» 1985 95.8 35.8 1$1.¢» 77s.¤~ xo 0
’ 108-1 l2—|.(*· -10.1 UU " 5015 W.!
` 1985 125.8 45,8 16** fs $789 iq.} ·
[ 1086 HU ° J5 7 165 0 885 U 18 "
L ws' 1](w,J su Q 17*5 ¤1s 8 1** A
WSR 118 " -12.5 lol.} *1-1*9.52 17 H
` Sources — Ky. Dept of Mmz·> and Mnncrab. Annual &:£¤»n>. 1951¤—l‘¥8S
— l'.§ DOE — Energv Iniormauun Admmnsuauun. (.u.•| Producuun. (`ual
Data A Reicrcnm. 1986

 Safety/'Irarnrng M _
I Safety and health conditions in U.S. coal mines have steadily improved: bitu- i
minous coal mining was thirteenth on a recent National Safety (`ouncil list 3
of the most hazardous occupations.
I Safety and health standards are highly regulated by the national Mine Safety
and Health Administration (MSHA) and the Kentucky Department of  
Mines and Minerals.  
I All surface and underground mines are inspected regularly for violations: I
larger mines may have inspectors present daily. '
I Miners are highly skilled technicians who receive extensive training. both i
general safety training and job—specific training. 1
. . . . i
Kcntrusky Gains in Productivity and Safety U
5—Year Average _ Underground "
Number 0fFataliti¤ _ S“““°° ‘
*955*959 _] I The bar chart shows the overall trend
19604964   in mine safety improvements by aver- I
aging out somewhat erratic yearly
. *966*666 -:1 data.
1¤r¤—19r·= Il
*976*679-;] | 1988 ended with 11 mine fatalities.
1980-1984   down 6 from the 4-year average of
17.25.
ieer-wer l l l
0 ts so 45 so .
Fatalities
5-Yeer Aeerege - ti...i....al.i p
Tons Per Fatality _ Surface
19*-’5‘1Q59  I The productivity bar chart indicates
t960—t964  safety improvements both in under-
1965_1969  gl`0\.ll’ld and SU[‘fBC€ IHll’l€S. with
steady improvement in underground
1¤r¤—1¤r4  mms
tws—19r¤ 
l980rl95°  . . i
I 1988 underground production ln _
1985`198B  tons per mine fatality reached an all- l
0 15 60 45 60 time hi h of over 11 million tons. ·
Millitiii ram g I
Source: Developed from Ky. Dept. of Mines and Minerak data. i
‘ . . . i
Training for Surface Miners .
I New miner training requires 24 hours of training before employment at a
surface mine. This includes workers at prep plants. rail sidings. and river
terminals. and all contract workers on a mine site must take the training. ·
I Each surface mine employee must receive 8 hours of annual retraining. I
I To obtain a surface foreman certification. a miner must have 2 years of sur-
face mining experience. plus pass a written examination.
I To obtain a surface blaster`s license. a miner must have 2 years of work
experience under an experienced blaster. plus pass a written examination.

 15 · ·
Safety/Training
 
Underground Miner ClassUicati0ns
l I New miner training re-
i Experience Underground Current No of quiftts 8 minimum of 48
1 Required \ears ' Mining Position Miners Certified hom-S Of {raining IO Su"`
I lfl Yrs. Electncal Inspector ll work as 3 certified mex-
i Mme gnspccmr 45* p€I'l€l'lCCd l’l’lIl’l€f.
Mine Safety Analyst 37
I A certified inexperienced
5 Y'*· Mm F°'°'¤¤¤ °° 8-*2* miner must work a mini-
Electrical instructor 55 mum Of 90 days in an un_
s Yrs. Asst. time Foreman ·· zsiv ¤¢rs¤·¤¤d ""'lc wld pass
Fm BOSS iq a written examination he-
Instrumgr gg; fore becoming a certified
BeltExan1u1er 1108 experienced miner.
1 Y" §'°°‘;?‘°' °;;‘“°'° _   I A minimum of lh hours
hw "" _l'd Blasung f" " of annual retraining is re»
Drill Oper.·'Solirl Blasting° .».-t15 . d I) _- V F lh _
Hoisting Engr.' 933 qllu-C ( mdm.dm t
4 miner certification and
‘ qu days Mme Rgsme {go continue lu Work al an
i Conventional Shot Firer ' H.972 Ul’ldEI`gi'OUI’l(.l lTlil`lC.
Gas Detection 11258
Certified Miners 23.192 . A newly hired miner (ex-
Sperm Trainms perienced or inexperi-
enced) receives R hours
- EMT- Emergency Medical Technician %tw.—¤‘=e-2¤s%=;a—-yew,-’;? ’ ‘·=C§'€i1."’.*;--»_;CYi ey-$2‘;=?Q“¢??L`*Q¥?§ ’
  °”“ ’“ ” ‘ ‘ "   lh
  Tax REVCIIUE    ;’v ,
The Kentucky coal industry paid approximately $180 million in coal
severance taxes in Fiscal leur 1988 — 1989.
$250
$200 _
1, Total Receipts
  l
E
5 .
3
z G 5150
ac E
3 Z
E · S100
v
 
in
cn
S 50
Q
S O
1972 1974 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1968
Fiscal Year
Source Kcmuckv Revenue Cabinet. Annual Report, 1¤72-SS.
E While the gross value of coal per ton has declined. production has helped
curb the decline in coal severance tux receipts.
-2 Part ofthe severance tax is returned directly to the counties tsee chart
below); part goes 10 Kentuckys General Fund.
Coal Severance Tax — Local Government Economic Assistance Fund Returned
Directly to (`oal Producing Counties.
fiscal Year 1 988-1 989
 
Counrv & Muuicrpal Totals (`ountv & Municipal Totals
Bell S 605.869 laurel S 160.525
Boyd S 293.979 Lawrence S 3St,¤.1S-1
Breathitt S 682.111 Lee S 8-1.555
Butler S 185,-1-15 Leslie S 802.382
Caldwell S 8-1.179 Letcher S 78'ZST2
Carter S 122.-16-1 McCreary S t09.16”
Christian S 191,-131 McLean S 78.-1-11
Clay S 291,-l2|1 Magctfftn S 2bb.-1"S
Clinton S 11-1.53¤· Martin S 1.2-15.188
Daviess S 320.585 Morgan S 16177-1
Elliot S 95.775 Muhlenberg S (¤S1.U2"
Boyd S 075.795 Ohio S 2-1-1,83" T
Greenup S 202,02l* Owslev S 1110,2%
l—l.mcoc1t S 55.067 Perrv S 1,187502
Harlan S 1.-172.6-19 Pike S 2.57-1.5** l
Henderson S 215.929 Pulaski S 195.518
Hopkins S 0739-14 L`n1nn S $81.821
Jackson S 95,302 Wayne S 111.659
Johnson S $-16.615 Webster S 505.51.12
Knott S 575.216 Whitlev S 5$b.|`*°5
Knox S 2*71,-1S" Vmtt S lU1.11¤
Coal pmducirig couruier $19,421.281 l
( )1he: rouruiet mipacred by ma.] 5 2.15 `N'18
  ~
Sun Tuul $21.579.199
Source Kr Dept of L0calGoverme¤t

 I 17 ‘
3 Tax Revenue
i The gross value of Kentucky severed coal (mined coal) plus the value of
processing during Fiscal iear 1988 —