xt77pv6b4351 https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt77pv6b4351/data/mets.xml   Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station. 1977 journals 231 English Lexington : Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Kentucky Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station Progress report (Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station) n.231 text Progress report (Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station) n.231 1977 2014 true xt77pv6b4351 section xt77pv6b4351 Ch` ` P t t
  Research-1977
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C. R. Roberts I
Progress Report 231
UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY • COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE
AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION • DEPARTMENT OF HORTICULTURE

 \ ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The author gratefully acknowledges the support provided by the
Governor’s Council for Agriculture that helped make this report possible.
Grateful appreciation is also expressed to the Frito Lay Potato Chip
Company personnel for their excellent cooperation in evaluating the chip-
ping quality of the potatoes and helping make varieties available for this
research, to Dr. Ramon Webb, USDA, Beltsville, Md., for helping make
varieties available for the project and, also, to Les McGlasson, Boone County V
grower, Lem Bledsoe, Gallatin County grower, _]. W. Poe, Gallatin County
Extension Agent for Agriculture, and Kelcy Driskill, Warren County Exten- .
sion Agent for Agriculture, for their excellent cooperation in making the
field plot trials possible.
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2

 Kentucky Chipping Potato Research —— 1 9 7 7
By C. R. R0berts*
Communication with seven potato chip company representatives within the boundaries of
Kentucky and in adjoining states has indicated that there is a good potential for the production
of potatoes in Kentucky for chipping purposes. The potato chip processing companies in Ken-
tucky and nearby states begin hauling potatoes in early summer from Florida and southern
. Alabama and purchase from the more northern states as the season progresses. Kentucky fits into
the production and marketing program for such processing plants for a 6-week period,_]uly 15 to
the end of August. The total economic potential to Kentucky farmers from potatoes grown for
potato chip purposes would seem to be more than 1 1/4 million dollars annually.
To take advantage of this opportunity, farmers need to know the most suitable varieties
that will produce high quality chips and, also, give the highest yields. The objectives of this work
A presented in this report were:
(1) To evaluate 13 potato varieties for yield and chipping qualities, and
(2) To determine the effects of two sources and two levels of potassium on yield and
chipping quality. 4
The potato varieties were evaluated at four locations in the state, as shown in Table 1.
The potassium experiment was conducted at the University of Kentucky, Lexington (Table 2).
EXPERIMENTAL METHODS
Cut seed of 13 potato varieties were planted 12 inches apart in rows 42 inches apart at all
locations except Bowling Green where the rows were spaced 32 inches apart and the seed pieces
12 inches apart in the row. Each variety planted at the University of Kentucky (Lexington) was
replicated three times in a randomized-block design. Guard rows surrounded the planting. The
data presented are the averages from all three replications of each variety. The seed potatoes were
planted by hand at the University of Kentucky and covered by a tractor cultivator. The planting
at Bowling Green was an observational trial (not replicated) and the seed planted by hand. ,
The plantings on the McGlasson and Bledsoe farms were done by machine with fertilizer
and soil insecticide being applied at planting time. These were grown as observational plantings.
Insects and diseases were controlled with approved chemicals.
At harvest time 25 pounds of each variety from each location was taken to the Frito Lay
Potato Chip Plant in Louisville where the quality of the chips was determined.
Two forms of potassium, potassium chloride (KCI) and potassium sulfate (K2 SO., ,) were
each applied at two different rates as shown in Table 2, to determine if the type of fertilizer used
had any effect on chipping quality and percent solids. Each treatment was replicated three times
in a randomized-block design. The Kennebec variety was planted in this experiment.
*Extension Specialist, Vegetable Crops, Kentucky Cooperative Extension Service.
3

 TABLE 1.—LOCATlON OF POTATO VARIETY PLOTS.
 
 
Fertilizer Harvest
Plot Location Planting Date Soil Test Results Applied Date
University of Ky. April 13, 1977 Ph 6.2 104 lbs N/acre Aug. 5,
Fayette County, P — 113 lbs/acre 127 lbs K/acre 1977
Lexington K - 301 lbs/acre
Ca - 2100 lbs/acre
_\ Mg - 167 lbs/acre
Les McG1asson Farm April 14, 1977 Did not analyze Aug. 9,
Boone County, soil 120 lbs N/acre 1977
Hebron 240 lbs P2O5/
acre
240 lbs 1<20/
acre
Lem Bledsoe Farm, April 27, 1977 Did not analyze 50 lbs N/acre Sept. 15,
Gallatin County, soil 200 lbs P2O5/ 1977
Warsaw acre
200 lbs 1<20/ `
acre
Warren County April 15, 1977 pH 6.1 65 lbs N/acre 5€pt_ 5,
Extension Service, P 11 lbs. 260 lbs P2O5/ 1977
Bowling Green K 229 lbs. acre
260 lbs 1<20/
acre
Sidedressed
with 200 lbs
N/acre when
tubers begin-
ning to set.
TABLE 2.—POTASSlUM FERTILIZER EVALUATION. _
 
Fertilizer Harvest
Plot Location Planting Date Soil Test Results Applications Date __
University of April 26, 1977 pH 6.7 250 lbs K/A Aug. 17,
Kentucky P 57 lbs/acre as potassium 1977
Lexington K 214 lbs/acre chloride (KC1)
Ca 2870 lbs/acre 250 lbs K/A
Mg 194 lbs/acre as potassium
sulfate
(KZSOA)
415 lbs K/acre
as potassium
chloride (KCl)
415 lbs K/acre
as potassium
sulfate (KZSOQ)
4

 RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS
Variety Evaluation
Yields of each variety are expressed in hundredweight per acre, and the yield data from
the various locations are shown in Tables 3, 4, 5, 6. Highly significant differences between
varieties are evident in Table 3. Differences are also very evident between varieties in specific
gravity (percent solids) color, undesirable color, and defects.
_ Yield data indicate that yields of more than 300 100-pound bags per acre of potatoes are
attainable with some varieties. The FL 910 and FL 795 varieties, on the whole, produced
potatoes with the best color, fewest defects, highest specific gravity (percent solids), and good
yields. Other varieties such as Kennebec and Atlantic produced excellent yields but showed more
defects when the potatoes were chipped. The Atlantic variety produced a potato of high percent
solids and may have some potential.
TABLE 3.—YIELD AND QUALITY RESULTS-—UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY, LEXINGTON.
 
Specific Undesirable
Variety Yield, Cwt/Acre _ Gravity Color Color Defects
Kennebec 346 *a 15 . 0 53 38 22
F1—91O 305 a b 17.4 65 6 4
Atlantic 295 a b c 17.2 63 13 12
Norchip 290 a b c 15.5 65 6 5
FL-857 284 a b c 15.0 62 9 14
FL-96 270 b c 15.6 59 16 8
FL-795 255 b c 16.5 65 6 4
Superior 255 b c 14.3 54 35 19
Katahdin 239 b c 14.8 61 13 6
FL-162 224 c 15.6 64 9 6
FL—657 222 c 13 . 7 65 4 3
Lachipper 212 c d 14,2 60 16 8
FL-282 151 d 14.5 62 11 16
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