xt786688jg4t https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt786688jg4t/data/mets.xml  University of Kentucky 1888 journals  English Frankfort, Ky. : Capital Office, E. Polk Johnson, 1890-1948 Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station First Annual Report of the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station, 1888 text First Annual Report of the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station, 1888 1888 2015 true xt786688jg4t section xt786688jg4t   FIRST ANNUAL REPORT A 4
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Y.

 LIST OF OFFICERS.
BOARD OF CONTROL.
DR, R. J. SPURR, Chairman.
JUDGE XV. B. KINKEAD, Chairman Executive Committee.
W. D. NICHOLAS, Treasurer.
Ju1·oI: P. P. Joaxsrou.
PHIL BIRD.
R. A. SRURR.
DR. J. D. CLARDY. A .
J. K. PATTERSON, President of the College.
M. A. ScovEI.I., Director-Secretary.
STATION OFFICERS.
M. A. SCOVELL, Director.
A. II. PETER, Assistant Chemist.
H. E. CURTIS, Second Assistant Chemist.
H. GARMAN, Entomologist and Botunist.
A. T. PARKER, Microscopist.
JA1I1~:s MURRAX', Practical Horticulture.
C. L. CURTIS, Assistant Agriculturist.
SAM E. BLACK, Secretary and Stenographer.
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Q 1 1   LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL.
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  of
  { T 0 fhk Exec/[may, GEN. S. B. BUCKNER, GOZ’!7’7Z0}’ 0f Kezzxzzrkys Pa
i V   DEAR S1R: Under the authority of the Board of Control, and .1
  ‘ A accordance with an act of Congress, approved March 2, 1887, ae ~l
  , entitled "An act to establish Agricultural Experiment Stations 11 tin
    connection with the Agricultural Colleges established in the seve1 l tut
  . ‘ “ 5 States, under the provisions of an act, approved july 2, 1862, at l
  A.   of the acts supplementary thereto," and of an act of the Legis* — CC
    1 ture ofthe State of Kentucky, approved February 20, 1888, a= tl Ml
  V A entitled "An act to accept tl1e provisions of an act passed by t ~e Org
  i Congress of the United States, approved March 2, 1887, for lic EO
  i   establishment and maintenance of Agricultural Experiment Statir .s O
  { si in connection with the Agricultural Colleges established by Mc O;
      several States and Territories under the act of Congress, approx il O
  ·, ‘i   ]uly 2, 1862,), I hereby submit the Eirst Annual Report of nc OH
F <   *1 . . . . chc
T ’ ¤   Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station. 1
      Very respectfully, tim
  ` 1 M. A. SCOVELL, Dzkwc/0. _
1 1   FEBRUARY 1, 1889. COI
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ne

 REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR.
The Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station is, by act of
Congress, a department of the Agricultural and Mechanical College
of Kentucky. It was in existence nearly two years before Congress
fuck}/._ passed the Hatch act.
HISTORICAL.
Yiggilii  As this is the first report that has been officially made, it is
Statkms A thouglirt best to briefiy sketch t;e history of the Station from the
__ time 0 its organization.
tl;;6S;V;;   The Station owes jits jejxisteitce `/Bgyaf  ,%g the Executive
’. Committee of the- Board of Trustee? of the Agricultural and
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1888 FL: d Mechanical Collegeéof Kentuc»ining this

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Z “ 1 8 REPORT OF THE
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 AGRICULTURAL EXPETUBIENT STATION. 11
The farm of the Experiment Station is situated about three-
quarters of a mile from the College, and contains forty-eight-and—
one half acres. The front part of the farm is in pasture and orchard.
The back portion is divided ol? into two hundred one-tenth-acre
plats, each plat being twenty-four feet wide and one hundred and
eighty and one-half feet long, each acre being separated by roads ten
to fourteen feet wide, and each tenth separated by paths three feet
T wide. Permanent posts, 4X4 inches, are set at the acre corners,
three feet in the ground and one foot above. These stakes were set
_ by means of chain and transit. In the top and centre of each stake
is driven a large spike, and the tenth—acre stakes are placed by means
of a coil of wire stretched from one permanent stake to another.
y The wire has brass tags soldered on at intervals of twenty-four feet
, and three feet, showing where the stakes are to be placed. This
_ wire is coiled on a reel when not in use, and when any of these
K small stakes are misplaced they can readily be replaced by means of
V the wire.
, There are two barns on the farm, one large horse barn containing
T twenty-two large box-stalls, 12x12, besides a large loft. This barn
is being arranged for storing away filed experiments, and for making
proper stalls for feeding purposes. The barn is ample for all such
purposes, and quite convenient. The smaller barn contains three
V horse stalls and seven cow stalls, besides a loft and two carriage
sheds. There is also a large brick dwelling house on the farm, now
  occupied by the Director. There is an old apple orchard of Eve
  acres, and ten acres in pasture.
  ORGANIZATION. .
 _  As before stated, the Station is governed by a Board of Control,
  consisting of an Executive Committee, the President of the College,
  and the Director of the Station. The ofhcers of the Station include
» the Director and Chemist, two assistant chemists, an agriculturist,
farm superintendent, practical horticulturist, and secretary and sten-
ographer.
_ LINES OF WORK.
The work has been almost entirely confined to chemical analyses
and investigations and held experiments Much of the time of the
chemists has heretofore been occupied by fertilizer analyses, and

 T 1 l
;· l
{   12 REPORT OF THE
1
ii   { analyses of the products of the various held experiments. Many “(
I ‘ , analyses of hays, grasses, corn fodders, etc., have been made and l
    published in Bulletins Nos. 2 and 5. {
` ` The held experiments, which have been planned and undertaken, "
g · U ; will aid to a great extent in the study of soil fertilityof the State. I
E ‘ T i At the Station fertilizer experiments with corn, potatoes, hemp, it
Z     tobacco, wheat and oats have been undertaken, with results whicl;
,` _ show clearly that potash is needed on our soil. The tests of varie
  A   ties of various crops, methods of seeding and cultivation havt
  received attention. Ig
    Much of the time of the Director has been occupied in answerint E
3 . 3 inquiries from the farmers of the State. This bureau of informatioi -·g
  T F   has been made a permanent feature of Station work.  
  A PUBLICATIONS. s
i V 4 Since the organization of the Station sixteen bulletins have beer t
  · 1 published, giving the results of the various experiments, under the P
    i following titles: I
  l 1 Do Fertilizers Affect the Quality of Tobacco? ii
    2. Corn Fodder as a Food for Stock.
  gf 3. Mm;. .  
  A   4. Distillery Slops. h
  ·_ ij   5. Analyses of Feeding-stuffs.
  i     6. Clover.
    7. Commercial Fertilizers.
    8. \\/heat Experiments.
  i 9. Experiments with Potatoes. `¤
  i 1 1o. Commercial Fertilizers. Ti
  l 1 1. \Vheat Experiments. ·0
  4 12. Commercial Fertilizers. ' V
  i J 13. Commercial Fertilizers. b
  . ·   14. Commercial Fertilizers. U
  5 ,   15. \Vheat Experiments. g
    I   16. Experiments with Potatoes. -3
A, 4   The editions of nearly all these bulletins are entirely exhz1ustC—‘~ ,5
;   4 and as there is a constant demand for them, they are reproduced   fr
, _f this report almost entire, except where the explanations and infra ·
»: 5 ,1.1
§i
y.

 AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.  
ts Man), ductions of one will answer for others, as in the case of fertilizer
made md bulletins, in which case the preliminary remarks are left out.
Man anal rses, and some chemical investigations, made in the
Y 5 s
ndermkeui Station laboratory, have not appeared in any of the bulletins, and,
the State by request, Prof A. M. Peter, Assistant Chemist, has compiled
QS hemp them for this report. They are given below.
ults whiclt
xs of varie GRASSES, HAYS AND FEED-STUFFS.
UO'] hw Besides the analyses of grasses, hays, feed—stuffs and potatoes,
_ given in Bulletins Nos. 2, 3, 5 and 9, thirty—one analyses of grasses
fmswermg and hays, and five of miscellaneous feed-stuffs have been made.
°{Orm;mO1° `These are given in the following pages. The analyses of grasses
grown at the Station have mostly been made to show the differences
in composition at different stages of growth, and in such cases, where
several samples of the same grasses have been taken at different
have bee, times, every precaution has been observed in collecting and pre·
under th, paring the sample, so that the results may be strictly comparable.
In making the analyses, the method of the association and official
(agricultural chemists has been followed. It is to be noted, however,
that Squibbs’ ether, as was then recommended, has been used in
extracting the fats, and hence the ether extract is larger in amount
than would be obtained by the use of absolute ether. The analyses
have been calculated upon the water—free substance throughout.
KENTUCKY BLUE-GRASS—(P<>¤ Prafensel.
In the spring of 1887 some experiments were made with fertilizers
upon a series of tenth acre plots, laid out on the blue—grass sward of
the College campus. Various fertilizers were applied, but it was
only on the plots receiving fertilizers containing nitrogen that any
very marked effect was observed. On these the grass very soon
became of a darker-green color, and grew more rapidly than where
no nitrogen had been applied in the fertilizer. The most luxuriant
growth was obtained on the plot receiving 30 pounds of sulphate of
.ammonia, or at the rate of 300 pounds per acre; the grass on this
1 plot, at the time of flowering, being six to eight inches higher than
‘XmuSt€`_` that on the unfertilized plots. Samples of grass for analysis were
oduced vi { 1._ 1 d I { d. . . . ,
d hm) rom tus pot, an aso rom an a joining plot which received no
an I -

 III I ·—7-
I I Yi I
* ·`   14 Rnrom or Tun
I fertilizer, and the results are given in the following table. On,
g I   analysis (No. 375) of blue—grass hay, made in 1386, on another pa·-
      of the campus, is also given. I
I 7 I 22 . Kentuck blue-grass, from the collewe I;I9~E’I;iIs§§’;
I I I § I E E ' IQ ¤ 2 0 5` ¤— 0
  I I U. F1aRT11.1z1;R. I E. I 5 I 54 I ‘; I ‘ #0;; ” C
I I : 2 I 0 2 m . : .   . = I   5
  I 5 - 5     I 3 I   ·   I 5 F
I I . E = rj I ;,· I 2 . g E _‘ , .
  I 1 I P I [ gi I I I Z i   I I ] Q
j   _ _;I_________;,. _4.,I___I__ ____|___ _
I ; I I I I I   22
  _ 22; sui. Ammeniay gcc Imy ¤3.’S7a 26.rr _ 17.70 I 4-03   4S·37 22.83 7·`7
I , I I 2:
  I 226 None. ....   ..` *‘ I 29.46 I ¤2.8s I $.20 I 53.50 23.38 7-·?I7 “
I I . I I I I 23
  .I   228 Sul. Ammoni¤,I 300 IMay 27,IS']I 29.91 I X2,32 I 4,04 I 51,85 25,0I 6 <0
I . I I , I *7
I _ I, I 229 None. .... I. .  " I 33.95 I 9.18   3,06 55,51 25,49 6 TO J
I I I ‘ I 37
i I   237 IsII1.Amm6II1;1_I 500 June 9, IS7I 36.75   9.80   3,16 I 56,05 z5_16 5_Sj
I   I 256 None. .... I. .  "  45.42I 9.02   2.92 I 56.85   25,13 6_It~:
I I   375 I Nm; _,_,   ,,IMey 29,’S6I 90,61   II,5l   2,67   55.65   2I 63 I 8.5: 12
. I I I I
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3.
y.

 AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 15
;able. On, ENGLISH BLUE-GRASS.
Homer pa" Three samples of this grass were taken at different times from a plot
in the Station garden. Three other samples were brought by Dr. R.
Si fcmlizs   Spurr from his farm near Greendale, Fayette county, Kentucky;
’ 13th wml but as the original weights of these last were not preserved, the
amounts of dry substance in the fresh grass can not be given; and,
fm Whm { therefore, they are called " hays " i11 the following table,
mi? samp`; In this connection is given also an analysis of English blue-grass
seed, No. 126.
: flowerinci .
‘ 223. English bluegrass, from College grounds, cut when T8? foot
{5 high W, high, May I2, 1887.
i 232. Same, from same plot as No. 223; cut ]une 3, 1887, when
_ but Sum just comi11g into flower, § foot high.
il 239. Same; cut june 13, 1887; § foot high; seed in milky stage,
S, but Stan 3 some nearly as hard as dough.
376. English blue-grass hay ; Dr. Spurr; cut when heading.
*8. En *lish blue-¤rass ha ; Dr. S urr · cut when in bloom.
ly 29, I88( { / S b y _ P 2
382. Same; seed fully formed.
126. English blue grass seed from I. Reese, Fern Leaf, Mason
Of K6¤l$HCl‘51’ county, Kentucky.
···—··—··‘ if   r; { Axarvsis or DRY Suusraxca, Pm
BSTANCE, Pli     ·; , Cgyiyj
i 9  
rmi; 7 ; { 0 r=1 ,.2 { m ru
o r 2 { 2 a .: 5 l 2 2
: E 5 F _ { g ::·.. rs · e ei Y 1:.. { :..
;_ 5 G- 51·11sr.~.xea Ax,11rz1ar>. { ta ¤ —· ’ em   #1 { n
~ ¤ 2 yl s 5¤ Q7 3 Q :1 >
  -, @1s.{e.={s{e
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; ; . { v 1 { 1 i   . i ·
. . —{——————— 1~——,——l— ———»~l——l+
_ _~ I 223   English blue-grass, Stare Col- { { . {  
22,83 7.`7 j lege grounds, May 12, 1887. 23,43 { 15.50 ‘ 5.50 { 46.71   20,81 r1_48
232 { English blue grass, State Col- { _ {  
23,38 7.07 lege grounds. _Iune3, 1887, 23.64 { 9,76 3.02 { 49,82 { 28,72 8_6$
l 239 English blue—grass, State Col- ,   l , {
25,0I 6 F0 { legeg1·ounds,]une13, 1887. 30.38 ` 8.39 ` 2.37 52.79 { 28.89 l 7,56
I 376 { English blue-grass hay, D1`. 1 { { I
25_4Q 6 $0 Spurr, cut when heading. . 89.22 ‘ 8.41 { 2.08   53,05 28,62 { 7,84
_ 378 English blue-grass hay, Dr. , { { . .
23,16 5.>j Spurr, cut when in bloom, . 89,38 , 7.06 . I.6O 3o_38 { 33_g_; { y_O;
1 382 { English blue-grass hay; Dr { 1 { {
23,13 6,C~>   Spnrr, cut when seed was { {
{ { fully formed, ....... 92.0} { 8,28 1,97 { 30,31 28,33 { 1¤_91
{21 63 { 8.51 I26   English blue-grass seed ,. . .{ 91.13   l3,99 1.62 36,30 { 2I_67  6_2;

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’ I I 16 R1cPo12*r or 11112
_ Q TIMOTHY.
  ;_   Two samples were taken from the Station grounds at diderezt I
I   I times. Besides these, four anal ses of timoth * ha from differe t
.   Y 5 Y CO
, _     parts of the State were made. Mr. A. P. Farnsley, of Louisvill ~, Sta
  _ . I sent in two samples (Nos. 397 and 398) of the same hay, the oi ; C10
l I Q housed in barn and the other stacked, with a view to ascertain wl1 ~t mc
1 I I diH`erence, if any, could be found in the composition of the hay pz ·- fro
  ` I 1 served in the two ways. CO,
  , 233. Timothy from College grounds; cut june 3, 1878, when I1 ¤1 ml,
    headed out completely, but not in bloom ;   to 3% feet high. pe,
I I   2*8. Same· cut une 1 th, when in full bloom; to feet hi; 1. ;
. J 1 3 4 1
I · , » z 377. Timothy hay; Dr. Spurr; crop, 1886; ripe and in go ~. 1 < ¤> I a gv? I ¤ I · F?
I I I .2 1 Z e ec · a I   > :.
  I -   E; · E I I   » 2 1   a
  Z ` ‘ 1 Q · · ·   ‘ · · 5
I 1 · 1II-s·I·*I-1,.e
Q' I 233   Timothy; College grounds, _]uneI I I I I   _
I   I 3,   . .......... 20,59   [0.33 I 2.32 , 50 07       _
2 , I 238   Timothy; College grounds, JUNE I I I · I I I _
I I ` 13, 1587 ...... . . .I 30,671 8.80 1 2.16 I 50.30 I 31.12   ——
I Q ` 377 I Timothy hay; R. j. Spurr; crop I I 1 I
  ` , 1886; ripe; good ....., 90.23 I 5.26 1_64 56_55I_;1.;6 ,,1- 23* I
  __ I 397 I Timothy hay; A. P. Farnsley; I I _
I I I from bam. . . . . .... 88.87; 4.5611_8oI51_2·; 2y_1oI ;,1 242I
  , I 398 I Timothy hay; A. P. Farnsley; I I I 6
g A I*   I ·from stack . ; . . .... 86.48, 4.34 1.41 I 48_3o 27.61 nf? 39
Q   I 371 I Timothy hay; \\1.A. Reese, Em- I I I I I ·
    I I TIICHCB,   CFOI) of   . .       I   I   I   ‘   372 I
I I ;   _ .. A nl. A _ y J-5 34 ;
: 1
I     227I
1 1 `
I   1 . I
I .   ‘ I .
I II
I I  
: 1 J
g.
 

 AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 17
H RED CLOVER.
cl` erext . .
at diff t Two samples of red clover were taken at different times from the
Om l_ Cla College grounds to show the difference in composition at different
’f L<>¤151’1l"~ stages of its growth. One sample, No. 231, was taken when the
mY» the Ol ’ clover was just coming into full bloom; the other when the held was
sccrtain “'ll ‘l mown for hay two weeks later. The sample No. 227, was taken
the hay P1 ¤· from the second crop of hay harvested in 1886 to determine how this
compared in quality with tl1e first crop, or with clover hay of ordi-
8, when 1111 nary quality. This sample was taken from tl1e shock before it was
ret high. perfectly cured, hence the large percentage of moisture.
g 4i—C€tl1lgi. 231. Red clover; College grounds; cut May 28, 1887, when in
and iu go 1d full blOOn'1. Only €1 {GW Witherecl heads are to be seen,
242. Red clover; College grounds; cut june 13, 1887, at time of
uCky_ gm. .,, cutting for hay. In full bloom, and many heads brown and with-
1 b "
full blooi lj cred ‘
34. Red clover hay; State College grounds; cut May 22, 1886,
when in full bloom.
887- 227. Red clover hay; College grounds; second crop ; cut ]uly 30,
mtucky; ul 1886; sample taken from shock, and not perfectly cu1·ed.
396. "Saplin clover" hay; A. P. Farnsley, Louisville, Ky.; cut
t__t i when blossoms commenced showing themselves; cured and stored in
SUBSTANCE L, barn; grown on rich land.
r. 372. Clover hay; \V. A. Reese, Eminence, Ky.; cut when a few
TT j of the heads had begun to turn brown.
2 cz . -
;· ` * 1 Z  
1 ¤ Z .
> ; g· q E   gi l ANAL&·s1s os T111; DRV SUBSTANCE,
l l ., . H P 2 · PER Cisxvr.
‘ g , { 5° $3 ;&_§.` 
  E 2 l T ¤ 8; l F1 1 rs 1 2 G `I 0
31; i?  
g l _ ·; Sussmxcs ANALYZHD. l *4 ° ‘ " :115 i ” 1 m
  a .31 ·:1   gs —=1|;>
3 · T 1 s 8 1 1 l ~ “ l F . s
1 4 . l 8 E ` E “ ' *¤ 1 2 l f
, 1 ¤ :‘ ‘ ... . 1 ‘
)7l3O.49·1. ,E\f’j_"`l.(Ql . ‘.
l L , . l {5 . ‘ . , . r= . l .
30 l 3I.I2 di ?" " *"*"V ` l·;\e—`+
__! 26 . _ ,_ 231 lRed clover; State Col, grounds, l l l  
55 ¤· May 28, l8§7 ........ 124.75 l 15.31 3.71 1 51.59 21,57  7.82
IO 4 _ [_ 242 I Red clover; btate Col. grounds, , , l ` ‘
27 27· 1 " ]l1I1€I3,XSS7 ........ 22.42 ` I5.Z7 2.80 1 53,01 1 2;.19  6 83
6 l ,.; 396 ‘*Saplin clover" hay; A. P._ l 1
30 27· I   Farnsley, Louisville Ky,. . .1 88.20 ` 15.06 2.31 l 49.49 1 24,24 l 8.9
l M   _ 1 372 Clover hay; W. A. Reese, Emi- ` 1 .
95 1 32·¤·> ’“ nence, Ky.; crop 1887 .... 1 89.13 10.34 1 4.69 { 49.86 , 27.28 7.83
__,.; 34 Red clover hay; Col. grounds, l 1 l l
‘i*' Cl1Kl\lfLy22, 1886 ...... 90.17 . l7.47¥2.2'146.2O 2 . l ~
227 Red clover hav; Col. grounds, l i J l 4 73 K 9 J5
July 39. 1886 ----·--·   7s·9s ¤4·¤2 348152-6S`22-29l 753
 

 E
Z
1
. { 18 REPORT OF THE
  " . ALFALFA. 12
. Three samples were collected at different times from a plot in the This
Q l Station garden, to show its variation in composition at different pe- I2
Z _— riods of growth. .26
_ 7 224. Alfalfa ; College grounds ; May 17, 1887 ; cut when about my
1 i two feet high ; flowers just beginning to appear. ` P °S`
. { 230. Alfalfa; College grounds; cut May 22, 1887, when just fairlj 2
E ' in bloom. Some heads have three or four of the lowest blossoms with -·—·
· ered; all have the upper ones unopened. Plants two and one—half te
_ ` , three and one-half feet high.
  , 240. Same; cut june 13,1887; still flowering, but most 0f the Crude
1 1 heads are withered or have formed pods of considerable size.
  — ;—  K ;;—-;A—··YYr A * .._.·iY·rrrrr..KT..··7r r e··  E th er
* . Axrttvsi