xt78sf2m7f5p https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt78sf2m7f5p/data/mets.xml   Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station. 1944 journals 041 English Lexington. Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station Regulatory series, bulletin. n.41 text Regulatory series, bulletin. n.41 1944 2014 true xt78sf2m7f5p section xt78sf2m7f5p Regulatory Series, Bulletin 41 September, 1944
Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station
UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY _
THOMAS P. COOPER, Director
Some Plant and Insect Problems of Kentucky Nurserymen
During the Year Ended June 30,,1944
W. A. PRICE and HOWARD G. TILSON. ‘
Some of our niost troublesome and destructive insect pests and
plant diseases are of foreign origin. Many of these were introduced
through the usual channels of trade before the people of this country
realized the need for quarantine and for inspection of imported com-
' modities likely to carry insects and plant diseases. Among the insects
and plant diseases so introduced were tl1e European corn borer, the
hessian fly, the oriental fruit moth, gypsy l110tll, imported cabbage
worm, San Jose scale, Japanese beetle, chestnut bark disease, and
white pine blister rust.
The European corn borer, probably introduced in shipments of
broomcorn from Italy or Hungary, was found in certain northeastern
states since 1917; it has now spread over most of the corn-belt. states
and is rapidly spreading throughout Kentucky. The hessian tly is
thought to have been introduced from southern Russia in straw bed-
ding used by tl1e Hessian soldiers who fought in the Revolutionary
- war. Oriental fruit moth, now established in many of the important
peach-growing areas in tl1e United States, was imported from the
Orient on nursery stock previous to 1915. The imported cabbage
worm, first discovered in Canada in 1860, is now a common pest of
cabbage throughout this country. San Jose scale, a native of China,
is thought to have been introduced into California about 1870 on a
shipment of fruit trees; and Japanese beetle, a native of Japan but
{ now found over a large portion of Northeastern United States, was
imported into New Jersey on the roots of plant materials around 1914.
The chestnut bark disease, first discovered in New York state in 1904,
was introduced o11 plant material from China. This destructive plant

 2 KENTUCKY AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
disease has completely laid waste the native chestnut stands of the
eastern states. The white pine blister rust, introduced into this
country before 1900, is well known in Europe and was probably
brought into this country on white pines from Germany. It is not
known to be present in Kentucky. "
The Kentucky Nursery Inspection Law- is designed to enable the
state to (1) control and eradicate insect pests and plant diseases dis-
covered within the state but not yet widely distributed throughout
the state—for example, phony peach disease and Japanese beetle;
(2) enforce quarantines to prevent the introduction of new insects
and plant diseases known to occur in other states and territories, such
as alfalfa weevil aiid potato tuber moth; (3) cond’uct nursery inspec-
tions to insure the distribution of plants free from injurious insects
and plant diseases, and (4) provide voluntary inspection and certifi-
cation service whereby persons other than nurserymen may ship plants
and plant products into other states in compliance with plant quar- ’
antines regulating the movement of such products from the state of
Kentucky.
Definitions .
For the purpose of carrying out the provisions of the Kentucky
Nursery Inspection Law some terms are defined as follows:
N urscry St0c7c—Nursery stock includes all trees, shrubs, and vines
having a, persistent woody stem, whether cultivated or native; herba-
ceous perennials and roots; roses; strawberry, raspberry, blackberry
plants and other brambles; ornamental bulbs, corms, tubers and
rhizomes; and all parts of the aforementioned classes of plants capable _
of propagation. except seeds.
Nursery-—A nursery is any land, ground or premises on or in
which nursery stock is propagated or grown for sale, or any land,
ground or premises on or in which nursery stock is being treated,
packed or stored.
Nurserymmz-—A nurscryman is any person who owns, leases,
manages or is in charge of a nursery.
i Nursery dealer—A nursery dealer is any person, not a grower
of nursery stock (a) who buys 1nu·sery stock for resale (b) who both
makes landscape plans and plants nursery stock (whether nursery
grown or native) or who negotiates in the purchase of nursery stock
for his elienis. or (e) who transplants or moves nursery stock from
place to place in this state for other persons for a consideration in
payment of the nursery stock, or the planting of same.

 INSPECTION or NURSERY Srocx, 1943-44 3
Nzerscry Agem‘—A nursery agent is any person who has been
authorized to represent a nurseryman or nursery dealer in soliciting_
orders for nursery stock. A nursery agent does not keep a supply
of nursery stock on hand, obtaining stock only from the nurseryman
or dealer represented.
Pers0n——The te1·m "person" shall include corporations, com-
panies, societies, associations, partnerships, or any individual or
combination of individuals.
Requirements of the Kentucky Nursery Inspection Law
(1) It shall be unlawful to sell or offer for sale uninspeeted I
or uncertified nursery stock. A certificate of inspection indicates free-
dom from certain injurious insects and plant diseases but does 11ot
vouch for trueness to variety nor for grade and conditions of any
nursery stock.
(2) Growers of nursery stock for sale or shipment shall apply in
` writing before June lst of each year to tl1e State Entomologist, Ken-
tucky Agricultural Experiment Station, Lexington, for inspection
services.
(3) Every dealer in nursery stock shall secure a nursery dealer ’s i
permit. Before this is issued, however, he must furnish an affidavit
that he will buy and sell only stock that is certified and will maintain
with the State Entomologist a correct and complete list of all sources
from which he secures his stoek.
(4) Every nursery dealer and agent must carry his permit
. when soliciting orders for or delivering nursery stock. Nursery agents’
permits are secured only upon the request of the inirseryman or
_ dealer to be represented.
(5) All packages or bundles of nursery stock shipped by common
carrier must have attached a copy of the inspection certificate or
permit.
(6) Certificates and permits may be revoked for cause.
(7) Fees shall be paid as follows: Inspection certificate, $5;
dealer ’s permit, $5; agent of nonresident nurserymen.   nonresident
t nurseryman’s certificate,   Fees shall accompany application.
Application blanks may be obtained from the State Entomologist.
(8) Nonresident nurserymen shall file copies of their state cer-
tificate when applying for a permit to sell nursery stock in Kentucky.
(Fl) All certificates and permits automatically expire June 30
· following date of issuance.

 4 Kmtrucxy AoRrcUL·rURA1. Exemnnvmnr STATION
Requirements for Interstate Shipments of Nursery Stock
Many changes have been made i11 recent years governing inter- I
state shipments of nursery stock. One of the uniform requirements
of all states as well as of the federal government is for a copy of an
official certificate of inspection to be attached to each shipment of
nursery stock. Before making shipments of nursery stock into any _
state, nurserymen should familiarize themselves with the require-
ment for shipping into that state. Correspondence should be directed
to the officer in charge in the state concerned. For convenience a
list of these officers is given on the following page. As a handy
reference some of the major requirements for shipments of nursery
stock into the several states are given in the following table.
State of
Origin
. N*u.rse1·yman’s , Special Posted
State Ciggh Filing Fee Agent S Fee Tag Bonds
Filed _
Alabzmm ............ Yes $10 or re<·inro<·al $1 Reciprocall $2500**
Arizona. .1 ..,.,i.,..._ No None None No None
Arkansas _ir_i_,i__i_ Yes None $1 Yes Reciprocal
California .......... No   or reciprocal None No None `
Colorado .,,..,,,,,..,_ Yes None None No Nono
Connecticut ...rr. No None None No None
Delzuvare ..,_....__i_ No Reciprocal None No None
Florida .rrr....rrrrrrrr Yes None None Yes None
Georgia ,i.......i., .. No $5 or reciprocal $1 No None
Idaho .................. Yes   to $15 None No $10001
Illinois _,.,_,.__,______ Yes None None No None
Indiana ,.,...,.rrrr__ Yes $1 $1 No None
Iowa . .................. Yes .|l~·eip¤‘on·al None No None
Kansas   ,rrr,...,,., Yes Reciprocal None No None
Kentucky .l.,l._.,. Yes     No None
Louisiana ,ei.i..... Yes None None No None
Maine . .... 7 rrr...... Yes $1 $1 No None
Marylninl ,,,,,,__,,,_ Yes ,Ilec·ipro<·al None No None
Massaeliusetts or Yes None None No None
Nichigaii . ........., Yes $15 or re<·ipro¤·al $1 No None
Minnesota _. .. .. Yes Ileeiprocal ]ie<·ipro<·al No None
Mississippi . ...e. Yes Iteciproeal None No Heviproczil
Missouri .. 7 - Yes $1* None No None
Montana ..   No $25 $25 No None ;
Nebraska . r. ..r... Yes $10 or reciprocal $1 No None
Nevada . .. ..,.,,r. No None None No None
New llainsphire No None None No None
New .|ersey   Yes Ileeiprocal None No None
New Mexico , . Yes $10 $23 Yes None
New York V, .. No None None No None
North t"arolina, Yes l{t·‘L'lDI’U('!ll None No $1ooO-*
North Dakota .. Yes lleeiprocal $10 No $500
(ihio . . H Yes lieeiprocal None No None
Oklahonia . Yes $111 or ret·iprocal $1 Yes None
Oregon ,   No None $1 No None
l‘cnnsylvania . Yes None None No None
Rhode Island , Yes None None No None
South t`arolina.. Yes Noni- None Yes None
South Tlakota Yes $1 Sl No None
Tennessee .   .. Yes None Reciprocal No S3o¤>¤¤·*
Texas , A ..,_.,,.__ Yes $3 or re<·iproeal None Yes None

 INSPECTION or Ntmsianv Srocx, 1943-44 5
State of
Origin Nurserymaifs , Special Posted ·
State C‘;f,Q*f‘ rmng Fee Agent S F ee reg Bonds
Filed
Utah ,.......... ,..,e Yes $10 None No None
Vermont ,.....__...... No None None No None
Virginia ..._ ,..... _. No $10 or reciprocal $1_or reciprocal No None
\Vashington ...... No $5 to $15 or $1 No None
‘ reciprocal $1 Yes None
VVest Virginia .... Yes $15
Vilisconsin ___,.... Yes $10 or reciprocal Reciprocal No None
Vilyoming ,....__..... Yes $15 None No $500
1 Only for fruit-stock shippers.
=’Only to sweetpotato plant shippers.
"For nurserymen who promise maintenance. .
STATE OFFICERS IN CHARGE OF INSPECTION
Alabama .....,.................. B. P. Livingston, Chief, Division of Plant Industry,
Montgomery.
. Arizona .,........................ J. L. E. Lauderdale, State Entomologist, Phoenix.
Arkansas ....................... Paul H. Millar, Chief Inspector, State Plant Board,
_ _ Little Rock.
CHhfOI`Y113 ................................................... . Chief, Bureau of Entomology and
Plant Quarantine, Department of Agriculture,
Sacramento. ’
Colorado ........................ F. Herbert Gates, State Entomologist, 20 State
Museum, Denver.
Connecticut ................... Roger B. Friend, State Entomologist, Box 1106,
New Haven.
Delaware ....................... S. L. Hopperstead, Plant Pathologist, Newark.
Florida .......i....i.............. J. C. Goodwin, Nursery Inspector, State Plant
¤ Board, Gainesville.
Georgia .......................... C. H. Alden, Director of Entomology, Atlanta.
Idaho .............................. Pau1BT._ Rowell, Director, Bureau of Plant Industry,
OISE
Illinois ........................... H. F. Seifert, Chief Plant Inspector, 200 State Bank
Building, Glen Ellyn.
Indiana ........................... Frank N. Wallace, State Entomologist, Indianapolis.
Iowa ................................ Carl J. Drake. State Entomologist, Ames.
Kansas, North .............. George A. Dean, Entomologist, Kansas Agricul-
tural College, Manhattan.
Kansas, South .............. H. B. Hungerford, Entomologist, Lawrence.
Kentucky ...................... W. A. Price, State Entomologist, Agricultural Ex-
periment Station, Lexington.
° Louisiana ...................... W. E. Anderson, State Entomologist, Baton Rouge.
Maine ............................. S. L. Painter, State Horticulturist, Augusta.
' Maryland ...................... E. N. Cory, State Entomologist, College Park.
Massachusetts .............. R. H. Allen, Director, Division of Plant Pest Con-
trol, State House, Boston.
Michigan ______i________________ C. A. Boyer, Bureau of Orchard and Nursery In-
spection Service, Department of Agriculture,
Lansing.

 6 Kmrrucxv AGRICULTURAL Expmanvmnr SrAr1oN
Minnesota ,..,.........,...,.,. I`. L. Aamodt, State Entomologist, University Farm,
St. Paul.
Mississippi _____,_______________ Clay Lyle, Entomologist, State Plant Board, State
College.
Missouri ........__..__..._,______ J. Allison Denning, State Entomologist, Depart- -
ment of Agriculture, Jefferson City.
Montana ....................._.,_ George L, Knight, Chief, Division of Horticulture,
Missoula.
Nebraska ______________,________ L, M. Gates, Entomologist, Department of Agricul-
ture and Inspection, Lincoln.
Nevada __________________________, George G. Schweis, Director, Division of Plant `
Industry, P. O. Box 1027, Reno.
New Hampshire ........... W. C. O’Kane, Deputy Commissioner, Department
of Agriculture, Durham.
New Jersey ................... Harry B. Weiss, Chief, Bureau of Plant Industry,
Trenton.
New Mexico _________________ R, F, Crawford, Head of Biology, College of Agri-
culture and Mechanic Arts, State College.
New York ,,.,.,,...,.,...,,,,, A, B. Buchholz, Director, Bureau of Plant Industry,
Department of Agriculture and Markets,
Albany.
North Carolina ..,..,.,,,,, C. H. Brannon, State Entomologist, Department of
Agriculture, Raleigh.
North Dakota ____,_,____,__ J. A. Munro, State Entomologist, Fargo.
Ohio _,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,___,_______ John W. Baringer, Specialist in Charge, Insect and
Plant Disease Control, Department of Agricul- `
ture, Columbus.
Oklahoma ,_,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Clyde A. Bower, Chief Nursery Inspector, State
Board of Agriculture, Oklahoma City.
Oregon ...,...,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,, Frank McKennon, Chief, Division of Plant Indus- ·
try, Agricultural Building, Salem.
Pennsylvania ............,.,... Thomas L. Guyton, Director, Bureau of Plant In-
dustry, Harrisburg.
Rhode Island ..........,..,, Bryton Eddy, State Entomologist, State House,
Providence.
South Carolina ,,...,,,,,,_ J. A. Berly, Chief, Division of Entomology and
Zoology, Clemson College.
South Dakota ....,,..,,..,.. Charles S. Weller, Chief, Division of Horticulture
and Entomology, Pierre.
Tennessee ,,_,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,, G. M. Bentley, State Entomologist and Plant Path-
ologist, 65 Biology Building, University of
Tennessee, Knoxville.
Texas ______________________,______ J. M. Del Curto, Chief, Division of Plant Quaran-
tine, Department of Agriculture, Austin.
Utah _,__,,_,______,__,,,,,,,_,,,,,, Earl Hutchings, State Agricultural Inspector, State
Board of Agriculture, Salt Lake City.
Vermont ....,...........,..,... M. B. Cummings, State Nursery Inspector, Burl-
ington.
Virginia _________________________ G. T. French, State Entomologist, 1112 State Office
Building, Richmond.
Washington _________,_,_______ F. E. DeSellem, Supervisor of Horticulture, De-
partment of Agriculture, Olympia.
West Virginia ,,,,...,,,,,,,, F. Waldo Craig, Department of Agriculture, ,
Charleston.

 INSPECTION or Nuasizrw Srocx, 1943-44 '7
Wisconsin ______________,_______ E. L. Chambers, State Entomologist, Department
of Agriculture, Madison.
Wyoming ...,.................. B. Thomas Snipes, State Entomologist, State De-
partment of Agriculture, Powell.
' U_ S_ D_ A, ___________________ P. N. Armand, Chief, Bureau of Entomology and
Plant Quarantine, Washington, D. C. _
Dominion of Canada...W. N. Keenan, Secretary, Destructive Insect and
Pest Act Advisory Board, Department of Agri-
culture, Ottawa.
_ Japanese Beetle
No trapping for Japanese beetles was carried on in Kentucky
during 1943. No new traps were available and of the 55,354 traps
- used by the Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine throughout
the United States in 1942, only 41,993 were serviceable for 1943.
y Trapping was performed in 17 states and was restricted to 161
localities. _
The only extension this year of the Federal quarantine on Japan- V
ese beetle will be two election districts in Maryland and two cities in
\Vest Virginia.
In North Carolina during midseason a heavy infestation was
_ discovered at Blowing Rock. Over 17,000 beetles were trapped in this
small resort town in the northwestern section of the state.
During the trapping season of 1943 Japanese beetles were cap-
tured in every state bordering Kentucky. This fact indicates the
necessity of exerting every known prevention to delay as long as
possible the time when Japanese beetle will become a common pest
in Kentucky.
White-Fringed Beetle
Extensions of regulated areas under federal quarantine number
72, on account of white-fringed beetle, were made to include parts of
three additional counties in North Carolina; two in Alabama and
two in Mississippi. There were no extensions of the infested areas
in Florida and Louisiana.
Elm Disease
· Reports of dead and dying elms continue to come in from many
, parts of Kentucky. Upon investigation most of the dying trees show
symptoms of phloem nec1·osis (for description, see Kentucky Regu-
latory Series Bulletin 32, 1942), a virus disease which has become

 8 KENrUcKY AGRICULTURAL Expsmmrnr STATION
quite prevalent throughout the lower Ohio valley. No satisfactory
treatment of the disorder has been found and the only recommenda-
tion at the present time is to cut out and burn all affected elms as
soon   it is evident that the trees are dying.
INSECTS AND PLANT DISEASES FOUND IN KENTUCKY
NURSERIES, 1943-44
Diseases Insects
Cedar rust Bagworms _
Sweetpotato stem rot Oriental fruit moth
Sweetpotato black rot Red spider
Birch leafspot White pine bark aphid i
Iris leafspot Dogwood borer
Iris root rot Gladioli thrips
Fire blight V ` Holly leaf miner
Cherry leafSR9li Pine tip moth
Delphinium crown rot
Peony blotch~
Weeping willow canker
Phloem necrosis
Directions for Pest Control and Plant Treatment ,
Given herewith is a list of dangerous and destructive insects and
pldllt diseases. The instructions for their control or eradication is
the result of uniform reeommendations agreed upon by the members
of the "Central Plant ]3oard" composed of plant regulatory officials _
of 13 states—Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Michigan,
Blinnesota., Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota,
and \Visconsin. In so far as practicable, the suggested treatment for
_ the appended troubles will be followed. "
1. San Jose Scale (.·1spz`cZio!us ])0I'}lI·Cl·0S1l.S').—.t1.ll stocks on
which the inspector detects the San Jose Scale by a plant-to-plant
inspection shall be destroyed or quarantined and treated, and all trees
and shrubs of the following genera and species; .*177l0f(li7lCfll·(’)', rlrmuh,
Cornus, Cra·i<1c{/us, Cyclornfa, Prmius, Pyrus, Rlzavmnus, Ribcs, Rosa,
Sorbus, Spircai Sf))'I)I·_(£(}[l.fl, Spirca I)I·ff(I}'dIi. exposed to infestation, must.
before they are removed from the nursery. be treated in one of the
following ways; Dip tops down to roots in a dip consisting of 1
gallon of miseible oil and 15 gallons of water, or 3% gallons of a
standard lubrieating—oil emulsion and 961/z gallons of water, except
that where shipment is going to a state where fumigation is required
such stock must be fumigated.
A report of the amounts and kinds of stock dipped, and the dip
used, must be filed in the office of the inspection official. Premises out—
side the nursery must be kept free from the scale.

 INSPECTION or NURSERY Srocx, 1943-44 9
2. Cherry Scale, also known as Forbes Scale (Aspidiotus
forbcsi), Putnam’s Scale (A. ancylus), YValnut Scale (A. juglaozs-
regiac), Fernald’s Scale (A. fernaldi), etc. Trees and shrubs visibly
infested with the Forbes scale, the Putnam’s scale, the Xllfalnut scale,
the Fernald’s scale, etc., shall be dipped in or thoroughly sprayed
. with a miscible oil or boiled lubricating-oil emulsion, as for San Jose
scale, before being sent out from the nursery. ·
3. Scurfy Scale (several species, but not the Pine-Needle
Scale). Trees and shrubs badly infested with any of the scurfy scales
must not be sent out from the nursery. Trees and shrubs slightly in-
fested may be sent out after being dipped in or sprayed with a miscible
oil or lubricating-oil emulsion, used 1. to 10.
. 4. Pine-Needle Scale (C/iionaspis piitifolziae).-—Trees in-
fested with Pine-Needle scale must be destroyed or the block quar-
antined and treated with at least a 1 to 7 mixture of dormant lime-
sulphur application. In addition, if the permanent evergreen trees in
the general vicinity are infested with Pine-Needle seale, there shall `
be established a eonifer-free zone at least 1.5 rods wide around all ever-
green nursery stock which is to be moved.
5. Lecanium Scale (Tounwycllc '}l2lHlI.S)H(IlIilllillb), Hem-
lock Scale. (zLlS])l.(Z1i()lL’llS alnetiis). lnfested trees in nurseries shall
" be destroyed, because no effective means of control are as yet known, _
and a eonifer-free zone at least 15 rods wide shall be established around
susceptible blocks of stock, if an infestation is found in the surround-
ing area.
6. Oyster-Shell Scale. (Lepfdosep/acs uliizi). A plant-to-
plant inspection shall be made, and trees and shrubs infested with
the Oyster-Shell scale must be destroyed and the block quarantined
until freed from scale. Nursery stock of species of plants susceptible
to oyster-shell scale shall not be grown within 15 rods of oyster-shell-
infested orchard or other permanent or native plants.
7. Rose Scale (Aulacaspis rosac). A plant-to-plant inspec-
tion shall be made, and bushes badly infested with tl1e Rose scale
must be destroyed or quarantined, and no infested plants shall be
sold and delivered until freed from the scale.
8. European Elm Scale (Gossyparic spuriat). Infested trees
shall be destroyed and the remaining trees dipped, before shipment or
delivery, under tl1e supervision of an authorized pla11t regulatory

 10 Kiznrocxy Aca1cUL·rURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
official, in 5 per cent Dendrol or any other oil that has b€€11 proven
by recognized experimental work as equally effective. Blocks of trees
from which infestations have not been removed must be quarantined
and treated. _
9. Cottony Maple Scale (PltZ’U’Ii’7'L(27'IiCL vz'ti.~;). Trees in in-
fested blocks of maple shall be dipped in or sprayed with a winter- `
strength miscible oil or lubricating-oil emulsion before being de-
livered.
10. Wooly Apple Aphis (Eriosoma Zmzigera). Trees whose
roots bear knots or galls caused by the \Vooly Aphis shall not be sent
out from the nursery. Other trees visibly infested with the `\Vooly .
Aphis, but not showing knots or galls, shall not be sent out until .
treated in one of the following ways; Tops and roots dipped in black-
leaf 40 (or any 40 per cent nicotine solution) 9 ounces, boiled lubri-
eating-oil emulsion IA; gallon, and water 50 gallons; or in blackleaf
40, nine ounces, soap 1% pounds, and water 50 gallons. A _
(a) It is suggested that a solution of Nicotine Oleatc be tried
to ascertain whethe1· it is practical as a dipping solution for
tree roots infested with the XVooly Aphis. p
11. Strawberry Root Aphis. (Aphis forbesi). No straw-
berry plants from patches generally infested with this insect shall be
. sent out under certificate. infested areas and plantings shall be con-
demned.
12. Strawberry Root Worms (several species). No straw-
berry plants from patches generally infested shall be certified. Before
delivery, all soil shall be removed from the roots of plants taken from
slightly infested patches.
13. Strawberry Crown-Borer (Tylodcrma fragariae).
Patches showing over two per cent infestation shall not be certified.
All soil must be washed from the roots of plants taken from lightly
infested patches. Each state shall establish a date consistent with
the earliest spring appearance of the adult beetle beyond which no
plants shall be allowed to move from fields showing infestation.
14. Xanthosis, Witches’ Broom, Strawberry Yellows, or Any f
Virus Degeneration Diseases of Strawberries. All strawberry
plants showing any signs of Xanthosis, \Vitches’ Broom, or Straw-
berry Yellows. or any virus degeneration diseases shall be eliminated
from plantings before they are certified.

 INSPECTION or NURSERY Srocx, 1943-44 11
15. Strawberry Crimp (Aphclenchus fragarfae) and Other
Nematode Infestations. Patches in which the Crimp disease and other I
Nematode diseases are found shall not be certified.
16. Strawberry Leaf-Spot (Mycospha-erelpla fragariae). Care
shall be taken to select plants free from disease. More than slightly
infected fields shall not be certified.
17. Peach-Tree Borer (Aegeria cxitiiosa), Round-Headed
Borer (Sapcrda candida), Flat-Headed Apple Tree Borer (Chry-
soboflms femorata), Poplar and Willow Borer (Crypforhynclms
Zapathi), and Other Borers in Trees and Shrubs. Trees or shrubs
infested with borers must not be sent out from the nursery.
18. Pear Blister Mite (Eriophyes pyri). Infested trees shall A
be thoroughly sprayed with or dipped in winter-strength lime-sulphur,
this treatment to be applied to dormant stock after the leaves have
fallen. Special care shall be taken to cover thoroughly the terminal
buds.
‘ 19. Spruce Budworm (Harmologa fi¢.m{fc2·ana»). Trees in-
fested with the Spruce Budworm must not be sent out from the nur-
sery. Small trees in which it is practicable to remove infested parts
A by hand, may be set out after the infested parts have been removed.
. 20. European Pine-Shoot Moth (Rlzyacz`0m'a buioliarrza) and
Other Pine-Shoot Moths. Infested shoots shall be cut out and
burned before trees are allowed to leave the nursery. _
21. White Pine Blister Rust (C'r0»na.rlium ribicola. ldisclz.)
The movement of white pine shall be permitted (1) between in-
fected states only from nurseries that have established sanitation
zones and (2) into those states maintaining such sanitation zones
around their own nurseries growing white pine. Nurseries desiring:
to make such shipment shall file an affidavit to this effect with their
certificate.
22. Pine Bark Aphis i (Pinczrs sfrobi.) Trees infested with
this insect shall not be allowed to leave the nursery, and infested trees
shall be quarantined and treated.
» 23. Cedar Rust (Gym11o.