xt79057cs026 https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt79057cs026/data/mets.xml Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station 1913 Title from cover.
Imprint varies. journals English Frankfort, Ky. : Capital Office, E. Polk Johnson, 1890-1948. Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station Annual report. 1913 text Annual report. 1913 1913 2011 true xt79057cs026 section xt79057cs026 ..., Q-..¤ .
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TWENTY-SIXTH ANNUAL REPORT T
Kentucky Agricultural
Experiment Station
g STATE UNIVERSlTY
Q LEXINGTON, KY. A
FOR THE YEAR 1913 A
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7 Letter of Transmittal.
To His Excellency,
Hon. Jkivms B. McCREARY,
Governor of Kcmiucky. .
S1R:—~
Under the authority of the Board of Control of the Ken-
tucky Agricultural Experiment Station, and in accordance
with an act of Congress, approved March 2, 1887, and entitled
"An Act to establish Agricultural Experiment Stations in .
. connection with the Agricultural Colleges established in the
several States under the provision of an act approved July .
2, 1862, and under the acts supplementary thereto," and of
the act of the Legislature of the State of Kentucky,
approved February 20, 1888, and entitled "An Act to accept
the provisions of an Act passed by the Congress of the
United States, approved March 2, 1887, for the establish-
ment and maintenance of Agricultural Experiment Stations
in connection with Agricultural Colleges established by the
several States and Territories under an Act of Congress,
approved July 2, 1862," I herewith submit the Twenty-sixth
Annual Report of the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment
Station.
Very respectfully.
Josizrn H. KAsTLE, DzTi·cctc»·.
February 1, 1914.
l L
` E. l
. { State University
1 f LEXINGTON, KY.
{ Q _ BOARD OF TRUSTEES.
gf HIS EXCELLENCY, GOVERNOR JAMES B. MOCREARY, ex-ojicio
* Z ij Chairman.
QA} PRESIDENT HENRY S. BARKER, Member ex-o;7icio.·
HON. BARKSDALE HAMLETT, Supt. Public Instruction, Mem- ,
{l ber ex-ojicio.
· HON. CASSIUS M. CLAY, Paris, Bourbon County. V ‘
HYWEL DAVIES, ESQ., Kensee, Whitley County. _ _ _
RICHARD C. STOLL, ESQ., Lexington, Fayette County. _
;;’-{ini-I LEWIS L. WALKER, ESQ., Lancaster, Garrard County.
l RICHARD N. WATIIEN, ESQ., Lebanon, Marion County.
l HON. JAMES BREATIIITT, Hopkinsville, Christian County.
THOMAS L. EDELEN, ESQ., Frankfort, Franklin County.
HON. CHARLES B. NICHOLS, Lexington, Fayette County.
DR. JAMES K. PATTERSON, Lexington, Fayette County., `
JAMES W. TURNER, ESQ., Paintsville, Johnson County. i
ROBERT W. BROWN, ESQ., Louisville, Jefferson County. ,
HON. TIBBIS CARPENTER, Scottsville, Allen County.
HON. WILLIAM H. COX, Maysville, Mason County. }
DENNY P. SMITH, ESQ., Cadiz, Trigg County. » ‘
HON. CLAUDE B. TERRELL, Bedford, Trimble County., V .
.= l L
. =*
I SST?
' 1 5
KEN·rucKv AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT S·rA·ri0N
BOARD OF CONTROL '
RICHARD C. STOLL, Chairman, Lexington, Ky.
CHARLES B. NICHOLS, Lexington, Ky.
r LEWIS L. WALKER, Lancaster, Ky.
HENRY S. BARKER, President of the University.
THE DIRECTOR, Secretary, ex-oliicio.
JOSEPH H. KASTLE. Director.
STATION COUNCIL
THE DIRECTOR
. A. M. PETER J_ D_ TURNER
H. E. CURTIS E_ g_ GOOD
H. GARMAN · GEORGE ROBERTS
C. W. MATHEWS T. R. BRYANT
R. M. ALLEN J. J. HOOPER
DEPARTMENTAL ORGANIZATION
ADMINISTRATION EXTENSION
THE DIRECTOR, Head. .
H. E. CURTIS, Bursar. T- R- BRYANT. Head. —» -
Hywm. DAVIES, Purchasing Agent. H- B- HLNDRICK- As¤;<>¤<>¤w-
O. L. GINOCHIO, Secretary to Director. J· H- CARMODY. H01"¤|0¤lt¤1‘€·
ADDIE LEE DEAN, Librarian.
ANNA WALLIS, cis.-k. - FEED
CORNELIA C. PA’GE, Clerk. J. D. TURNER, Head.
AGRONOMY H. D. SPEARS, Chemist.
GEORGE ROBERTS, Agronomist, Head. ELMER INGRAM, Chief Inspector.
E. J. KINNEY, Assistant Agronomist. ROGER W. JONES, Inspector.
S. C. JONES, Soil Survey. FANNY C. ROGERS, Clerk.
A. E. EWAN, Supt. Experiment Fields.
H. B. HENDRICK, Extension in Agronomy. FERTILIZER .
B. F. SCHERFFIUS, Tobacco Expert, U. S. · _
Department Ag;·icu][Ur€_ V H. E. CURTIS, Chemist, Head.
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY_ B. D. WILSON, Assistant Chemist.
(Beef Cattle, Sheep and Swine) WM. RODES, Assistant Chemist.
E. S. GOOD, Head. ELMER INGRAM, Inspector. —
ROBERT GRAHAM, Veterinary Science, in R-· W- JONES. Inspector.
v$h§[rg1§II-§$>P;§i§]hoIera SerumSProduc’¥i>n. ANNA IVALI-J5. Clerk.
' L. . C , Veterinary cience. og
Cholera SE,.um_ FOOD AND DRUGS
` E. W. MUMMA, Asst. in Charge Hog Cholera R. M. ALLEN, Head.
Serum Production. J. O. LABACH, Chief Chemist.
G. C. ROUTT Asst. in Animal Husbandry. L. A. BROWN, Chemist, Drugs.
O. S. CRISLER, Hog Cholera Serum. J. W MCFARLIN, Chief Food Inspector.
W. V. SMITH, Asst. in Animal Husbandry. W. R. PINNELL Bacteriologist.
M. G. GINOCHIO. Clerk. C. S. PORTER, Inspector, Drugs.
€r‘ir¥.”é%.%‘fsN¢.‘§°5C?i“?é$"3ii?i“’“‘ ir.-*Et¥‘€§T§€ut“‘i§“““ F°°“ C"“"‘“·
. ‘<- PP LMAN, I , B k
E. J. GOTT, Hog Cholera Serum. Sangtatgom nspector 3 ery
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY E. F._WORTHINGTON, Inspector, Dairy Sanita-
(Horses, Dairy Cattle and Poult1·y.) tum.
J, J_ H()()PE,R_ Haag W. G. TERRELL. Inspector, Foods.
i W. S. ANDERSON, Asst. Horse Husbandry. LILLIE LISTON. Chief Clerk.
WxAI).III\lICHOI§L§, Assfi in Dairying. AMY V. LYONS, Clerk.
. J. . UTTE , ur t. airy Farm. .
ll? SLlég£’ Skim? Iioultlz,/E, HORTICULTURE
. . BA , E mem ori` il { ecords. CLARENCE W_ MA’PHEWS’ H . d_
F- WALLACE UTTERBACK- Clerk- J. H. cARM0oY. Extension in iis.-ticuiture.
I CHEMISTRY F. VV. HOFMANN, Asst. in Horticulture.
A. M. PETER. Chief Chemist, Head. _G. B. WURTZ. Consulting.: Meteorologist.
S- D. AVERITT, Chemist. MURIEL CASVVALL, Clerk.
V J. S. MCHARGUE, Asst. Chemist. _
l ETHEL V. T. CASWALL, Clerk. RESEARCH
ENTOMOLOGY AND BOTANY THE DIRECTOR, I-Ieml.
H. GARMAN, Entomologist and Botanist, H. GARMAN. Entomologist and Botanist.
Head. · D. J. HEALY, Bacteriolmzist.
MARY L. DIDLA`KE, Laboratory Asst, E.S. GOOD. Animal Husbandry.
~ E. C. VAUGI·IN, Asst. in Seed Inspection and O. M. SHEDD, Chemist.
Plant Breeding:. MARY L. DIDLAKE, Asst. Entomolorxist and
A I H. H. JEWVETT, Research Asst. Entom. Botanist.
i H. R. NISVVONGER. Asst. in Field Work and G. D. BUCKNER, Chemist.
_ Nursery Inspection. H. H. JEWETT, Research Asst. in Entom.
LOUISE BEWLAY, Clerk. G. C. ROUTT, Assistant in Animal Husbandry.
I " Address
KENTUCKY AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.
LEXINGTON, KENTUCKY.
l THE KENTUCKY AGRICULTURAL _
_ l E 1 - _ EXPERIMENT STATION _ .
Q 1 In account with the United States Appropriations:
-1 Hatch_Fund. Adams Fund.
Receipts from the Treasurer of the V
il United States, as per appropria-
,3 E _=`i ‘ tions for fiscal year ended June 30, —
L_ Zi 1913, under Acts of Congress,
; · approved March 2, 1887 (Hatch .
.-1 Fund) and March 16, 1906 (Adams
, Fund) ._________________.__ ‘ ..._. $15,000.00 $15,000.00
gy' Expenditures: _ .
By Salaries__... __.._......_ e .._.. 10,659.75 13,479.60
F, Labor ...._...... --; ......... 774. 55 100.54
Publications ..._..__..___.... 235.43 ; ........_
* A s Postage and Stationery r...... 822.10 40. 60
. Freight and Express ..._._ .-r 101.94 5.39
.... jc`) { Heat, Light, Water, Power _-- 366.96 ’ 22.07
_ 5 , § Chemicals and Laborat’y Sup. - 160. 73 ` 242. 32
i _»_·_’ 3 b Seeds,Plants and Sundry Sup. - 264.52 114.83
i Feeding Stuffs .. .._... - ._.._.. - -. - ._... 62.55
— `_.. Library _.....__..___.____._r 816. 39 149. 96
__.‘_ Q Tools, Machinery and Appli. L- 1.39 ..________
Furniture and Fixtures .,...._ 525.65 12. 25
V*-‘ - Scientific Appar. and Specimens 157 .05 105.10 `
Live Stock ...__,.__.r___.. - A _______... 286.00 A
S;) Traveling Expenses .._....... 16. 55 224. 29 A
i,`=i j , Contingent Expenses .._....r 20.00 142.00
E, Buildings and Land ._........ 76.99 12. 50
_ |$15,000.00 |$15,000,0()
A We, the undersigned, duly appointed Auditors off the Cor-
poration, do hereby certify that we have examined the books
~ and accounts of the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment '
Station for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1913; that we have
» ; E A
Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station. vii
found the same well kept and classified as above; that the
balance brought forward from the preceding year was noth-
ing on the Hatch Fund, and nothing on the Adams Fund;
that the receipts for the year from the Treasurer of the
United States were $15,000.00 under the Act of Congress of
March 2, 1887, and $15,000.00 under the Act of Congress of
March 16, 1906, and the corresponding disbursements
$15,000.00 and $15,000.00; for all of which proper vouchers
are on file and have been by us examined and found correct,
leaving balances of nothing and nothing.
And we further certify that the expenditures have been
solely for the'purposes set forth in the Acts of Congress I
approved March—2, 1887, and March 16, 1906, and in accord-A _
ance with the ter'ms of said acts, respectively.
(Signed) H. S. BARKER,
(Seal) . RICHARD C. SToLL,
V Auditors.
Attest: W. T. LAFFERTY, Custodian.
A l viii Twenty-sixth Annual Report of the
l i ‘
I A .
2 l Q 1 c
_ E , 1 ANNUAL REPORT _
is OF THE U
iii i V . . .
r Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station ‘
Fon THE YEAR 191S. · »
_· i. l V1_- ~·—~
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR. g
_-`4 The year 1913 has been one of progress and substantial
growth in the work of the Experiment Station. Among the
oft- li items of general interest affecting our work may be men- ..
’_‘` , tioned the following: _ _ A
’i » Cooperation with the Central Kentucky Millers? Associa-
tion,_ looking to the wider and more general distribution of
Jersey Fultz wheat for seed purposes, progress in the work . ·
l and cultivation of the several experimental farms now being
Operated in various localities throughout the State, the
experimental study of infectious abortion in cows and
mares, the completion of a new barn for beef cattle feeding
experiments and the inauguration of such experiments, also
extensive studies in swine feeding, greatly increased facili-
ties for the preparation and distribution of hog cholera
serum, the study of inherited characteristics of horses and
jacks, the rearing and feeding of jacks, jennets and mules,
the organization of a State dairymen’s association, the
establishment of cow testing associations, the study of
the Sharples vacuum milking machine as compared with
hand milking, experiments in the feeding of dairy cat-
.:3>w·j;,· _ _
tle, the establishment of a poultry plant on the Experi-
Eti?
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Kentucky Agrtcnltrnmt Experivnent Station. ix
ment Station farm and the erection of a number of inexpen-
sive poultry houses intended to serve as models to those
. interested in poultry raising, the study of various injurious
insects, the inspectionl of nursery stock, the analysis of
field seeds, the study of forage plants, experimental studies
, on the corn-ear worm and the nodule-producing bacteria
of leguminous plants, the discovery of a Hymenopterous
parasite of San Jose scale, progress in the work of agricul-
, tural extension, increase in the work of the Departments of A
‘· Commercial Feeding Stuifs and Commercial Fertilizers and
, considerable increase in the general scope of the work of
the Pure Food and Drug Department, the reorganization of
the Department of Horticulture and increase in the amount
‘ of land available for horticultural experiments on the V
H Experiment Station farm, the completion and dedication of
the new addition to the Experiment Station building and
considerable increases in the permanent equipment of the
. various departments of Experiment Station work, the
organization of the various lines of Experiment Station
work on a strictly departmental basis. The original investi-
gations of the Experiment Station carried on within the
period covered by this report have included a study of fodder
poisoning and the possible significance of a corn mold,
Mondscns pnrpnrens, to this disease, the study of milk fever
(pcwtizwtenit pctiresis), the effect of calcium on anaphylaxis,
the sulphur content of certain typical Kentucky soils, the
total sulphur content of certain useful plants, the woody
plants of Kentucky, the growing and fattening of hogs in
the dry lot, and on forage crops, measurements looking to
the standardization of jack stock.
The present organization of the Experiment Station,
l x Twenty-sixth Annual Report of the
E i together with detailed reports of the several departments
. , . are given in the following. . ‘ ' -
‘ NEW BUILDINGS AND EQUIPMENT. The new addition to
_E i the Experiment Station building, reference to which was
, made in the last annual report, has been completed and is
[ now occupied by the various departments of the Experi-
t ment Station. This affords comfortable offices and labora-
tories for the employees of the Experiment Station and
entirely relieves the congested condition which has obtained
.--= i for the past several years.
_ A new hog cholera serum laboratory, costing approxi-
` mately twelve thousand dollars has been erected on the
* Experiment Station farm, and excellent facilities are now at
i hand for the preparation of hog cholera serum and virus, so
that the Experiment Station is now well equipped for taking
care of the extensive demands made upon us.for these
products. F
A barn for the housing and feeding of beef cattle has been
l erected on the Experiment Station farm, and embodies in
its construction the latest and best ideas obtainable along
` this line.
Considerable additions have also recently been made to ~
the office and laboratory equipment of the Experiment
Station which will greatly enhance the general eHiciency of
our work. »
STATION STAFF. AFPo1NTMENTs. The following men
have been secured for thehog cholera serum work: Dr. E.
W. Mumma, of Pennsylvania University, as assistant in , ·
charge of the laboratory, and Dr. O. S. Crisler, of the Indiana
Veterinary College, as assistant in field work in the
administration of hog cholera serum, Messrs. C. B. Wilson
‘ and E. J. Gott, graduates of State University, Lexington,
a .
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PLATE 1. OLD HOG CHOLERA SERUM LABORATORY.
Kentucky Agmcultuml Experiment Station. xi 4
Kentucky, to assist in the routine work of the laboratory
and Mr. Lawrence Ginochio to lookiafter the clerical work in
the office. ` `_ A ‘
Mr. Hywel Davies has been appointed Purchasing Agent
of the Experiment Station.- · l
Dr. W. S. Anderson, of the, Kentucky Wesleyan College,
has been appointed a member of the Station Staff totake up
the study of inherited characteristics of horses and mules.
Professor F. W. Hofmann, ofthe Nebraska State College,
has been appointed Assistant in the Department of Horti-
culture. , - `
Mr. G. C. Routt and Mr. Wallace V. Smith, graduates of
State University, Lexington, Kentucky, have been appointed ,
Assistants in the Department of Animal `Husbandry (Beef
Cattle, Sheep and Swine).
Mr. D. D.— Slade, a-practicalpoultryman of wide experience
has been appointed Superintendent of the poultry farm.
Miss Addie Lee Dean, a graduate of the State University,
Lexington, Kentucky, has been appointed Librarian of the
Experiment Station, and Miss Amy V. Lyons has been
appointed to assist in the clerical work of the Food and
Drug Department.
RESIGNATIONS. Dr. F. M. Surface, Biologist of the Experi-
Station. Resigned July 1, 1913, to accept the position of
Biologist, Department of Biology, Maine Agricultural Ex-
periment Station, Orono, Maine. _
L. S. Corbett, Assistant in the Department of Animal
Husbandry (Beef Cattle, Sheep and Swine). Resigned
August 1, 1913, to accept a Professorship in the Department
of Animal Husbandry of the Maine Agricultural College,
Orono, Maine.
William C. Matthews, Artist of the Experiment Station.
. xii Twenty-sixth Annual Report of the
E l
l G Resigned September 1, 1913, to take up work as Instructor A
j_ . ` in Scientific Illustration in the College of Agriculture of the ·
University of California, Berkeley, California. _
lj Dr. R. L. Pontius, Field Expert in Administration of Hog
· Cholera Serum. Resigned to engage in the practice of _
[ I veterinary medicine in Lancaster, Kentucky. —
, Mr. A. J. Reed, Dairy Expert, United States Department
;.j, of Agriculture. Resigned to take up similar work in North `
it · Carolina. ` . l
As at present organized, the Kentucky Agricultural
G Experiment Station includes the following departments:
Department of Administration—Messrs. Kastle, Curtis
° · and Davies. A U ·
Department of Agronomy—Professor` George Roberts,
Head. ` p _
Department of Animal Husbandry—(Beef Cctttle,_Sheep
=:§§ »~.. and Swine).-Professor E. S. Good, Head.
.', ` Department of Animal Husbandry- (Dairy Cattle, Horses
clncl Ponllry).»Pr0fessor J. J. Hooper, Head. `
Department of Chemistry»Dr. A. M. Peter, Head.
Department of Entomology and Botany~ Professor H. .
Garman, Head.
Department of Extension——Professor T. R. Bryant, Head.
Department of Feed Control rMr. J. D. Turner, Head.
A Department of Fertilizer Control——Mr. H. E. Curtis, Head.
l Department of Food and Drug Control-Mr. R. M. Allen,
` Head. , ~ ‘
Department of Horticulture—Professor C. W. Mathews, V
Head. ‘
A - Department of Research#Dr. Joseph H. Kastle, Head.
The work of these departments for the year 1913, may be
summarized as follows:
T?} h
**1:}
Kentucky Agriculture.! Experiment Station. xiii -
, DEPARTMENT OF ADMINISTRATION. As indicated by its
‘ name, this Department is occupied with the business affairs
I of the Experiment Station and with the necessary routine
. ·and executive work involved in the administration of the
. afairs of an institution such as this. ~
' DEPARTMENT OF AGRONOMY. During the period included
in this report, this Department has been engaged in’ experi-
l _ mental field studies in th_e cultivation of the following crops: _‘
1. Corn. Methods ofcultivation; rates of seeding; breed-
ing for yield, and to determine relation of`ear characteristics
to yield. Variety tests, both on the Experiment Station farm
_ and at London, Kentucky. It has been shown as the result
of three years’ work that on soils in good physical condition .
and well prepared, frequent cultivation is not necessary,
Y . except to keep down weeds. No advantage has been gained
by cultivating beyond three or four times. Rates of seeding
tests have shown that on strong soils, three stalks per hill
will give better yields than two. Variety tests have shown
that corn of the type of Boone County White is best adapted
to strong soils and that varieties of the Hickory King type
are best adapted to the thinner soils. .
2. VV/zeat. Tests of varieties, extending over, eight years;
rates of seeding; fertilizer tests on wheat following corn;
wheat grown in diferent rotations; breeding to increase yield.
The test of varieties has shown Jersey Fultz to be the best
smooth wheat for soils of the type represented by the Experi-
ment Station farm when both yield and quality are considered,
and Turkey the best variety of bearded wheat. Jersey Fultz
has also been tried by farmers outside of Central Kentucky
and has been found, in most cases, to be superior to other
varieties grown in these localities. This variety is being ex-
tensively introduced in difiieynt parts of the State by farmers
'*¤;f‘”‘ . Q . ._
if A C. xiv Twenty-sixth, Annual Report of the
_ _ I ` . .
.. W V_ ¥ l who grow it under the dire_ction of the Experiment Station. S
, .;j_;A.l. A About ten thousand bushels were distributed in this way in if
Y Y the fall of 1913. Through cooperation with the Central Ken- A
Z 1 tucky Millers’ Association, considerable progress has been
1 H made in the introduction of this variety among the farmers
E Z of Central Kentucky. It is hoped in this way to increase
_ _ C. . ` materially the yield of wheat in the State. The chief problem ‘ V
; -· confronting the Experiment Station in theintroduction of this
·_-.7Q*f _iVv l variety is the difficulty in securing a sufficient quantity of
ge this wheat for seed purposes. During the past year, two
‘ progressive farmers of Henry County have placed at the
i ` disposal of the Director of the Experiment Station, forty-six
‘ acres of good land for the production of Jersey Fultz seed
li; ‘ wheat. Experiments in rotation have shown that it is almost
1 impossible to get satisfactory yields of wheat following corn.
It has been shown that wheat yields especially well follow-
ing soybeans on soils of the type of the Experiment Station
i=·''!` T `-V° Q farm.
_ 3. Oats. A large number of variety tests of 'winter oats
have been made and cooperative work with the United St3.t€S
, Bureau of Plant Industry has been carried out in the test of
crosses and selections of spring oats. An effort has been
made to develop a strain of winter oats that will stand the
occasional severe winters of Kentucky. There is already
much promise of success for this effort. The work with
spring oats also gives promise of largely increasing the yield ·
. of spring oats by developing better types.
4. Barley. Our work on barley has included tests of va-
rieties and strains furnished by the United States Bureau of
Plant Industry.
5. Alfalfa. Our experiments on this important legume
have included the effect of time and method of seeding; the
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Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station. xv
effect of time upon yield; the effect of dynamiting the soil
and of subsoiling upon the life and yield of the crop. In some
instances, lime has been found to increase the yield 300 per
cent, and under no conditions thus far tried, has it failed to
give profitable returns.
6. Sweet Clover. Time and manner of seeding; effect of _
A lime. On the Experiment Station farm, lime has increased the
yield from 2,100 pounds to 5,300 pounds per acre. On the
[London experiment field, it has been shown that sweet clover
cannot be grown without lime, but with lime a satisfactory
growth is obtained, 2,800 pounds per acre having been har-
vested from a rather poor stand.
7. Soybeans. Our studies on soybeans haveincluded rates _
and methods of seeding; cu