xt795x25cb79 https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt795x25cb79/data/mets.xml   Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station. 1971 journals 200 English Lexington : Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Kentucky Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station Progress report (Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station) n.200 text Progress report (Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station) n.200 1971 2014 true xt795x25cb79 section xt795x25cb79 PROGRESS REPORT 200 C
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VARI E"I' Y I EST'S 1964-70
J. H. Smiley • A. M. Wallace • George Everette • G. B. Collins • C. C. Litton • P. D. Legg
UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY • COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE • AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
Departments of Agronomy and Plant Pathology · Lexington ’

 ·  ‘ 5 ¤.¤Zv.~ · . '
6;§»:R¤». py  gl I MASON   K.
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Fig. 1 - Testing Locations of the Kentucky Bur1ey Tobacco Variety Tests - ‘
1968,1969, and 1970
Location Coogerator
1. Ba11ard County Wyatt H. Bennett, 1968 ·
2. Ca1dwe11 County Homer Mitche11, 1968, 1969, and 1970
3. Muh1enberg County B. J. Winn, 1968
4. A11en County Robert whit1ow, 1968, 1969, and 1970
5. Cumber1and County Char1ie wi1son, 1969 and 1970
6. C1inton County Ri1ey Combest, 1970
7. Green County Shreve Loy & Sons, 1968 and 1969
8. Tay1or County Tonmy Noe, 1970
9. Ne1son County Thomas E. Gunning, 1968
10. washington County Joe C1eve1and, 1969
11. She1by County Louis Payne, 1969
12. Henry County A1vin Croxton, 1968 .
Gera1d T. Steverson, 1969
` 13. Frank1in County Carey Sheets, 1969
14. Owen County Bi11y Karsner, 1969
15. Grant County C1arence P. Hutchinson, 1970
16. Scott County Bi11y Eas1ey, 1968
17. Experiment Station, 1968, 1969, and 1970
Lexington .
18. Madison County James M. Adams, 1969
19. C1ark County F. W. Rickard, 1968
20. Nicho1as County G1en C1ay, 1968, 1969, and 1970
21. Rowan County Gordon Lewis, 1968 and 1969
22. 0ws1ey County Edward Harvey, 1970

 KENTUCKY BURLEY TOBACCO VARIETY TESTS — SUMMARY]
l964—7O '
J. H. Smiley, A. M. Wallace, George Everette, G. B. Collins, Paul Legg,
and C. C. Litton? ·
Objective of the Kentucky Burley Tobacco Variety Tests is to provide
_ information on the relative performance of burley varieties, hybrids, and
breeding lines. The information on varieties and hybrids may be used by
farmers, seedsmen, research workers, and extension personnel as an aid to
selection of the variety or hybrid which performs best in a given area.
The tests are part of the University of Kentucky Agricultural Experiment
‘ Station program to evaluate new breeding lines which may become candidates
for varietal release.
METHODS
An expanded program of variety testing began in Kentucky in l968. In
addition to the tests at the University of Kentucky Agricultural Experiment V
Station at Lexington, others were conducted on the farms of ll cooperating
tobacco growers throughout the state in l968, l2 locations in l969, and 6
locations in l970. The locations (Fig. l, p. 2) were selected to represent
· the burley tobacco producing areas of Kentucky. I
with one exception, each test was conducted on a disease—free soil
and consisted of l5 entries in l968, T3 entries in l969, and 6 entries
in l97O in l/50-acre plots replicated three times. Fertilizer was applied
to each plot at the recommended rates based on soil tests. In l968, 33
varieties, hybrids, and breeding lines were tested. Some were tested at
all locations, but all tests did not contain the same varieties. In l969
and l970, with a few exceptions, all tests consisted of the same entries.
_ RESULTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
A sumnary of the yield perfonnance of five of the more widely grown
standard varieties and hybrids is given in Table l. Average yields are
shown on tests conducted at Lexington in l964—70, at Princeton l965-67,
and in on-farm tests at four locations in l968, nine locations in l969, ‘
and six locations in l970.
Average yields are shown for tests conducted at Lexington l965-68, at
Princeton l965-67, in on-farm tests at four locations in l968, lO locations
in l969, and six locations in l97O (Table 2). Also included in Table 2 _
» are yields for Lexington in l97O and yields of these varieties and hybrids
grown in l969 and in l97O on a black shank infested soil. Yields are shown
for l968, l969, and l97O on-farm tests in Tables 3, 4, and 5, respectively.
]Cooperative investigations of the Kentucky Agricultural Extension Service,
the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station, and the Plant Science Research
Division, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture.
2Associate Extension Professor; Research Specialist; Extension Specialist;
Associate Professor; Research Geneticist and Research Agronomist, Plant Science
Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agri-
cultural, respectively.
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 Tab1e 2. Yie1d (pounds per acre) of b1ack shank resistant bur1ey tobacco varieties ¢
and hybrids and Ky 14 tested on disease—free soi1 at Lexington 1965-1968,
at Lexington 1970, at Princeton 1965-1967, and in on—farm tests at four
Tocations in 1968, ten 1ocations in 1969, and six Tocations in 1970, and
on b1ack shank infested soi1 at one Tocation in 1969 and 1970.
MS B 37 MS B 21 MS KY 12
Location Year B 37 x L—8 x L-8 x L-8 Ky 14
Lexington 1965-1968 2170 2265 2335 2432 2660
Lexington 1970 2524 2705 2725 —--- 2845
Princeton 1965-1967 2340 2533 2568 2591 2705 Y'
0n—Farm Tests 1968 2501 2758 2877 —--— 3160
l On-Farm Tests 1969 2609 2875 2962 3022 3202
0n-Farm Tests 1970 -—-- -—-- ---- 3102 3177
Cumber1and Co. 1969 2537 3100 3124 3092 893
(B1ack Shank
Infested Soi1) 1970 2608 2779 2842 2673 746
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 These variety test results should help farmers decide which varieties
or hybrids to grow. Note that certain varieties performed well at some
locations but not as well at others. However, varieties do not always p
perform the same, relative to each other, year after year at the same
locations. For example, in Caldwell County in l968, Ky lO yielded 350
pounds per acre more than Ky l4, but in l969 Ky l4 yielded l83 pounds
per acre more than Ky lO. ‘
In selecting the best variety for a given situation, it is important
to consider diseases. If they are a factor, selection of the proper variety
_ may mean the difference between a good yield of desirable tobacco or a crop
failure. The degree of resistance of the more important standard varieties
and hybrids to diseases is shown in Table 6.
For land infested with black root rot or fusarium wilt (or both), Ky
l4 is recommended. If wildfire is a problem, Ky l4 or Burley 2l (B 2l) _
is recommended.
Black shank is one of the hardest tobacco diseases to control without
reducing potential yield. If, however, sufficient land is not available
for crop rotation or if rotation does not control black shank, then the ,"
use of a resistant variety or hybrid is recommended.
Two races of black shank are found in Kentucky. Race O is the most
" common, while race l is found on only a few farms. Satisfactory control ,
of race O can be obtained from the use of a hybrid of L—8, but control of
race l is more difficult. Varieties Burley 37 (B 37) and Burley 49 (B 49)
are moderately resistant to both races, but they have other disadvantages.
Both varieties have a low level of resistance to fusarium wilt, and B 37
‘ is susceptible to mosaic. B 49 is late maturing and has relatively small
leaves. However, if it is necessary to use a field infested with black
shank and it is not known which race is present, then the use of B 37 or
B 49 is a safeguard against a crop failure.
. To determine which race of black shank organism is present in a
field, grow a stick row of one of the L-8 hybrids such as MS Ky l2 x L—8
or MS B 2l x L-8. If these hybrids do not become diseased, race O is
present and the next year the entire field can be grown in one of the
black shank resistant hybrids.
The choice of which black shank resistant hybrid to grow for the
control of race O should be based on other disease resistances needed.
For example, MS Ky l2 x L-8 is resistant to mosaic, fusarium wilt, black
root rot, and wildfire, as well as race O of the black shank fungus.
CHARACTERISTICS OF SOME VARIETIES
Kentucky lO
Ky lO is a rather short, compact, stand—up type, high—yielding variety
of fair quality. It has a small percentage of the plants which are slow
growing because of an abnormally prolific root system (hair root). It
matures 7-lO days later than B 2l and, when cut immature, the leaves tend
to cure with green spots.
9

 Table 6. Relative disease and aphid resistance of tobacco varieties and hybrids.
 
Black
. Root Fusarium Black
Vamty Masai C wm wi 1 an re shank Aphi a
AV
Standard Varieties
Ky l0 Medium High Medium * * * _
Ky l2 Med-High High High High * * `
Ky l4 Med-High High High High * *
Ky     * * *k * 'k*
B 2l Low High * High * 1 Med-Low
B 37 Low * Low High Medium] Med-Low
B 49 High High * High Medium ** _
Hybrids
MS B 2l x `
Ky 9 Med-Low High * High * **
MS B 2l x
Ky l0 Med-Low High Low High * Low
MS B 2l x
Ky l2 Medium High Med-High High * *
MS 2l x 2 ‘
L-8 Med-Low High * High High Low
MS L-8 x 2
B 37 Low High * High High Low
MS Ky l2 x 2
L-8 Medium High Med-High High High *
 
* Indicates Little or no resistance
** Unknown
l Resistant to Race O and Race l
2 Resistant to Race O
$@;· 1 10

 Kentucky T4
Ky l4 is a stand—up type, good-yielding variety with good quality.
The leaves are approximately the same length as those of B 2l but a
little wider. The leaf number and plant height are about the same as
those of B 2l. It matures about 5-7 days later than B 2l. There is ‘
good retention of bottom leaves on the stalks before and during harvest.
Burley 2l
A B 2l is an extreme stand—up type, good yielding variety of high
quality leaf. The plants are early and vigorous. It is one of the
easier varieties to work (cultivate, prime, spray) because of its extreme `
stand—up qualities. There is a tendency for leaves to drop from the
stalks in this variety under some conditions, especially when grown in
a shallow, compact soil or during a dry season. s
Burley 37
B 37, which is not reported here, is moderately resistant to both races y `
of black shank. It is a stand-up type, fair yielding, good quality, broad-
leaf, uniformly maturing variety.
‘ Hybrids I
The Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station released male sterile
B 2l to seedsmen in l959. The purpose was to encourage the production
of hybrids with levels of black shank resistance not available in standard
· varieties. Seed producers have used the male sterile B 2l as the foundation
of the present burley hybrid program.
The combined names of the two parents used in making the hybrid are
used as the name of the hybrid and are printed on each seed package offered
_ for sale. No yield differences in reciprocal crosses in the burley hybrids
have been found.
Most hybrids offered for sale will have MS B 2l as one of the parents.
This should improve smoking quality and acceptance of the leaf. MS Ky l2
x L-8 should be more useful than MS B 2l x L—8 where black root rot or '
fusarium wilt is a problem.
A hybrid may have a lower degree of resistance to a certain disease
than the more resistant parent. For example, the MS B 2l x Ky l0 hybrid
has less black root rot resistance than Ky l0. ,
11

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