xt7b5m626j1g https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt7b5m626j1g/data/mets.xml   Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station. 1928 journals kaes_circulars_224 English Lexington : The Service, 1913-1958. Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station Circular (Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station) n. 224 text Circular (Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station) n. 224 1928 2014 true xt7b5m626j1g section xt7b5m626j1g Extension Division
THOMAS P. COOPER, Dean and Director
FOR THE
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1928
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A child growing up in the country under proywr eonditions has sunshine,
fresh zur, healthful exercise, proiitnble und interesting employment where
the business of fzirming and home life ure closely ussocirtted
Lexington, Ky.
Published in coimeution with the &lfJ{l`i(‘lliil1l`&`1i extension work vzirried on
by Co—operz1tion of the College of Apxril-ulturv. University of l-'·--'' 63,897 70,436
· ' ltelephone .... 44,758 49,933
N0. individual letters written ..._......._.._,,.__,.__,..,..__,i__ 56,135 60,669
Meetings Held
No. training meetings for local leaders .._................. 347 480
Attendance of local leaders ..........,i......t..................... 3,602 4,659
No. demonstration meetings held ._..__..._...........,,.______ 4,826 4,059
Attendance .___....._.i........__......,,...,._.......,..............._.._...__,_,_ 66,905 64,378
No. farmers’ institutes and short eourses ,__,___i___,____ 126 137
Attendance .__,...,......,........,......_,..,...........»....,.............___.... 8,470 11,437
Junior Club camps assisted ..._................................_.,__, 25 24
Total attendance (including adults) .,...........i...i,.__i_ 24,066 18,369
Other meetings ___,___,_......,..._.,....__._____....____,_.___._______________ 4,903 5,921
Attendance ....,........,..,..,.............,..................,......,,,.__,,_____ 381,205 427,113 T,

 Annual Report for 1928 7
Miscellaneous
No. breed associations onganized, dairy cattle ........ 5 4
N0. breed associations organized, other stock ...... 18 25
Added No. members in purebred sire campaign .... 3,537 3,386
No. farms installing drainage system .........,__.,.____... 56 100
Acres drained .............................. . ...............................,.. 1,293 1,861
No. water systems installed ,.._.............,..........rl,...__.. . 53 29
No. lighting systems installed ..........................,...._.._.., 11 18
No. farms clearing land ______......._.................,,..,,_,...____.. S5 151
Acres of land cleared ......,....,.,,...,,,......t.....i.................. 615 864
HOME DEMONSTRATION WORK
The home demonstration program for women is carried on
thru county organizations known thruout Kentucky as the
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C0l1\‘enienc·es in country lmmes reduce drudgery und brighten home lifo.
They Can often be had ut surprisingly snlnll cosh

 8 Kentucky Extension Circular N0. 224
County Homemakers’ Association. Each association is composed bu)
of a number of community Homemakers’ Clubs which are the C10,
study groups of the home demonstration program. Information pm
is brought to these groups by the county home demonstration WO]
agent, a woman trained in home economics, and by local leaders
selected from the groups and trained by specialists sent out from
the University.
Organized work has done much for the homemakers of Ken- an
tucky besides actually giving them valuable information. Thru pre
their many achievements individually and collectively, rural the
women have developed a consciousness of doing a very challeng- act
ing and worth while job and this consciousness has added to their vid
happiness. This organized program has given rural homemakers sev
· ani opportunity to discover and develop latent abilities and to ara
put those abilities to use.
of
PROGRAM on WORK the
A real home must furnish not only food, clothing and shel- am
ter for the body, but must nourish and develop the mind and pl.,
soul. Hence a homemaking program must include recreation, Y0,
` reading and music for the family. The community, county, {H0
state and nation are the larger homes of people. The home dem- Ofc
onstration program has included community recreation, sanita-
tion and beautification. V ful
A The program in any county is of its own making. Thru fm.
study and discussion of problems and conditions the home- SEV
A makers formulate a county program of work and they play a pm
very large part in carrying it on. At the present time 26 coun- WO
ties are carrying on organized home demonstration programs.
Miscellaneous lectures and demonstrations have been given in i (HC
many others. ml
Cnornnve W
Seventeen counties reported 200 clubs with 4127 women on- D1‘<
rolled studying problems of clothing the family. Thru these
groups 5260 diiferent homes were reached, resulting in improved im
clothing practices such as easier and more efficient construction, hoc
better selection of ready-made clothing, greater economy ill au

 Annual Report for 1928 4 9
buying both ready-made garments and materials for homemade
clothing, construction of hats and better hat selection and im-
proved costume designing. All of this means better dressed
women at less expenditure of time and money.
FOOD
Twenty-three counties reported 349 groups of women, with
an en1·olhnent of 6411, studying problems of food preparation,
preservation and nutrition. Special emphasis has been given to
the planning and preparation of meals which will meet the
actual requirements of a well-functioning body and will thus pro-
vide for a higher standard of health. Five thousand and forty-
seven homes have reported using improved methods of food prep-
aration.
Gradually homemakers are growing to appreciate the value
of proper food in providing for the growth and development of
the young and the maintenance of maximum health and resist-
ance. Sixty—four groups, involving 1,453 women, studied the
principles of better food habits in their relation to health last ‘
year and 1,492 different homes reported balancing meals, prepar-
ing better school lunches and using greater care in the selection
of food for g1·owing children,
The majority of homemakers have yet to be taught success-
- ful methods of canning the vegetables which will provide for the
family a healthful diet, during the winter. Ninety-one thousand,
seven-hundred and ninety-six quarts of fruit, vegetables and
preserves have been preserved as a result of home demonstration
work this year.
It is nearly impossible for rural homes to have a healthful
‘ diet summer and winte1· unless the garden produces the selection
needed in quantity for the family table with a surplus for preser-
vation. Eight hundred and ninety-nine individuals adopted im-
proved gardening p1·actices.
Homemakers have been wont to complain of the monotony
and drugery of housework. It is safe to state that the average
household tasks could be done in half the time which they usu-
ally consume if more thought were given to the method of doing

 10 ]f0’IllL1l('b']j Emtmzsioot ('rirculmj N0. 224
the job with a minimum expenditure of motion and energy. One
woman was able to reduce the time consumed in washing dishes
from two hours to forty-five minutes a day by improved methods ma
and equipment. As a result of studying problems of home man- hu
me
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, Showing the steps iu upholstery work done by leaders in Garrard County.
agement in homemakers’ clubs this year 630 homes reported
having made improvement along this line and 722 pieces of y
labor-saving equipment have been made or purchased.
’ 1‘lOE\1E Furmisiinvo
The unattractiveness of many rural homes is one reason for
lack of interest in the home on the part of our farm boys and
, girls. There is an erroneous idea on the part of many home-
makers that a beautiful home is necessarily expensive. Rural
homemakers in Kentucky are learning that by the use of paint
on walls and woodwork, by repairing, remodeling, rehnishing and
rearranging furnishings at hand, comfort, convenience and
beauty may be secured at small cost. ln 1637 different homes,
1666 rooms have been improved and beautitied this year.
,

 _ Amtuctl Report for 1928 11
Islniimii-1 Ann SANITATION
Health is so vital and is so related to many of the home-
makers’ activities that it becomes a part of every project. Eight
hundred homes reported that they were utilizing such recom-
mended health practices as endeavoring to correct poor posture,
to prevent colds, to take better care of teeth, to use the health
score card, and to secure good elimination, and 540 different
homes followed for the first time suggestions for controlling
such household pests as iiies, mosquitoes and other insects.
BEAUTIF'IC;\'l‘1ON or HOME GROUNDS
A number of counties have carried on programs in beautifi-
cation of the home grounds. Special emphasis has been placed
on the use of native materials. Six hundred and forty homes
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Leaders in Daviess County putting in rush seats using fiber cord.

 12 Kentucky Extension Ci2·culcm· N0. 224
beautiiied home grounds this year thru the help of the College. bee
In one county alone 558 trees and 262 shrubs were set, 3372 bulbs cre
and 195 perennials were planted and 165 homes beautiiied their
grounds.
Rncaniyrron Wh
It has been the effort of the home demonstration depart- fw
ment to introduce play in the form of a game, song or stunt into fyi
every club meeting, with the idea that it can be repeated at home. an
In addition to this, many homemakers’ associations hold regular Sm
recreational meetings for the entire community. County play pc
days and community picnics are held during the summer. Play-
ing together has brought about more whole-hearted community
cooperation, has developed a feeling of fellowship and certainly be
' has made people happier. Home-talent plays, old-time parties, tu
stunt and game parties, pageants and musicals have been given. an
Much latent talent and undiscovered leadership have been de- d6
veloped thru play. Wt
Music Arrnncnrrion
In orde1· to stimulate an appreciation of good music which
I appeals to all ages a "Music in the Home" project was arranged. th
Two thousand three hundred and forty-seven women and a sim- hc
ilar number of girls were enrolled in this project. This has tu
taught people some of the joys of listening to good music, how ‘ IGI
to hear the story that music tells and how to see the pictures that iu
music paints. This has resulted in better selection of records, JU
` more intelligent use of the radio and greater enjoyment and H]
understanding of music in the home. ih
IIANDICRAFT
It is possible for the rural homemaker in her long winter iS
evenings to make many things which will beautify her home or ii
can be sold for profit. Among the crafts taught to various H1
groups of Kentucky women this year are basketry, chair seating, 1*5
hooked rug weaving, the making of attractive waste baskets, 01
lamp shades, pillows and runners. Very little has been done in ZY
Kentucky to establish a market for home crafts but much has g

 Annual Report for 1928 13
been accomplished in the beautification of the home by hand
craft activities. One or more crafts were taught to 1852 women.
COMMUNITY ACTIVITIES
As an example of this work the case of one county is cited
where the homemakers raised $2,000, most of which was spent
for such enterprises as buying necessary school grounds, beauti-
fying the community center, sending delegates to Junior Week
and Farm and Home Convention. This same community had 52
social suppers, parties and entertainments attended by 3,500
people.
CAMPS
For the past four years homemakers’ vacation camps have
been conducted by the University. These camps oifer the oppor-
tunity to rural homemakers to enjoy a week of rest, recreation
and instruction. The program includes craft work, lectures and
demonstrations, music, recreation and rest. Five such camps
were held this year.
JUNIOR Home Eoonomrcs ,
The information which girls receive in club work stands
them in good stead when they assume the full responsibility of
homemaking. Furthermore, these girls are developing an atti-
tude of p1·ofessional pride. They are developing powers of
j leadership thru club work and will be capable of greater service
not only to their homes but also to their communities. The
junior program follows the line of the HOlHClH&k€1'S7 program,
the subject matter being adapted to the needs and interest of
the younger group.
CLOTHING
Four clothing projects are offered. By the time a girl fin-
ishes these four projects she has learned practically all construc-
tive processes, had made at least two sets of underwear, a cap
and apron, a cotton house dress, a made-over garment, and has
learned to patch and darn. She has also studied the selection
of material, design and color, how to care for and repair clothes
and has learned something of personal hygiene. A 4-H club
girl who has taken advantage of the clothing program knows how

 il
14 Kem?-u0L·y Eximtsion ('iroular N0. 224
to be well dressed, at minimum cost. During 1928, 317 project
groups, including 3,093 girls, were enrolled in the clothing prej-
mt. fiu
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Lucille Norris, wearing; navy blue outht with cream polka clots. She won
first place in style show at Junior VVeek and went to Chicago to the Inter- At
national Boys' and Girls’ Club Congress. Og
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Fooin
* Sixty-six groups of girls, with an enrollment of 885, have
studied food work this year. This program includes the prepar-
ation of breakfasts, dinners and suppers, the selection of foods l<‘
for health, and the attractive serving of meals. 0*
I

 Aamtwzml ltcport for 1928 15
CANNING
ln the canning work 4-H club girls are taught how to can
fruits and vegetables, make jam, preserves and jelly, to can
meat and to plan the budget for the family. The 312 girls en-
rolled in the canning projects canned 6,966 quarts of fruit, veg-
etables and meats.
Tun 4-H CLUB Gimfs Room
Every girl loves to have an attractive room. By making
her own room attractive she develops not only knowledge of the
technique of refinishing furniture, making curtains, pillows and
runners, but she develops an appreciation of beauty in her' sur-
roundings which is an inspiration for her to help in the beauti-
fication of the rest of the house and for her to provide a more
attractive home when she has a home of her own. The work has
been otfered to older girls who have gained some knowledge of
color and design in clothing projects. The 4-H club program
involves many interests and much information other than sub-
ject matter.
Number of counties having home demonstration agents .............. 26 `
Number oi homemaker’s clubs ........................ . ...................................... 353
Number ot leaders for homemakers’ clubs .......,................................ 2,017
Number of members in homemakers' clubs .....,................................ 5,229
Number of leaders for 4-H clubs ,........................................................... 459
Number of 4-H club project groups ____...,................................................ 402
‘ Number of training schools for homemakers’ project leaders ...... 325
Attendance at aibove training schools .........,..................l..................... 3,626
Number of training schools for junior leaders ...............,.................. 111
Attendance at above schools .................................................................. 611
Number of meetings held at which home demonstration agents _
or local leaders gave demonstrations .............,............................ 6,2SN
Attendance .___............................_................................................................... 81,144
Other meetings .............................................................,,............................. 6171
Attendance .................................................................................................... 77,980
JUNIOR 4-H CLUB `WORK
Progress is being made in securing greater numbers of adult
leaders for junior club work as well as in increasing the effi-
ciency of leaders thru training schools and other means. This

 16 Kentucky Elxtcusiou Circular N0. 224
year, 1862 adult leaders assisted in one or more branches of club
. . . . . we
act1v1ty. Tl11s IS an increase of 116 over 1927 and 320 over C0_
. . H']
1926. Not only was there an mcrease 1n the number of leaders in .
. . . rec
but they took more 1nterest and rendered greater serv1ce than 1n
previous years. Witli the increased number of leaders there
were more and better junior community clubs. ln 1928 there   ‘·‘‘  
were 1009 clubs, an increase of 156 over 1927 a11d 199 over 1926. _·~V  
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i Champions at National Dairy Show—Ca11oway County. · KC]
exh
PROJECTS 0011
· Four of the most popular projects this year were baby beef, Shc
dairy heifer, ewe and lamb and clothing. Four hundred and
fifty-two club 1nembe1·s fed 750 beef calves a11d exhibited 631 in gu`]
the State Show. em`
· , . . . . . for
Phe dair llG1fG1’ work lS one of the long time 1ro ects and
° 1 are
appeals to the older boys 2111Cl girls. Those who take this work bm)
expect to develop dairy herds. The county agents have found SH;
bankers a11d business 1nen willing to give the necessary financial H13;
support considering the increase of the dairy industry in Ken- lm
tucky to be sound agricultural procedure.

 Annual Report for 1928 17
In 1927, 721 club members owned 778 dairy heifers and
cows; the figures for 1928 show that 1183 members own 1421
animals. With few exceptions, all tl1e animals owned are pure-
bred and registered. Eighteen county shows have been held.
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Demonstrating an approved type of_ hqgjrouse.
Kentucky won the premium for the best five Jerseys in the club
exhibit at the National Dairy Show this year. The ercamery
companies of the State gave seven trips to the National Dairy
Show to the club members who had the highest producing cows.
There has been a healthy growth in the number of boys and
girls in the sheep and lamb projects. The 609 club members
enrolled in this part of the work now own 2624 sheep, which is a
forty-five percent increase over 1927. Most of the ewes owned
are grade ewes and are bred to purebred rams. Several pure-
bred ilocks, however, are being started by club members. A
State Lamb Show and Sale is held each year, which has a stim-
ulating influence on the work. Six hundred and twenty-eight
lambs were exhibited and sold at the State Show this year.

 `
18 Kentucky Elvz‘m:si0nV (`ircular N0. 2,24
The most popular work offered to club girls is the clothing
project. Four thousand seven hundred and sixty-seven girls 24 4-
were enrolled and 3365, or 70.5 percent completed their work. Nati·
Many community and county shows were held and a most cred-
itable exhibit was made at the State Fair.
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