xt7gb56d3m2b https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt7gb56d3m2b/data/mets.xml   Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station. 1951 journals 095 English Lexington. Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station Regulatory series, bulletin. n.95 text Regulatory series, bulletin. n.95 1951 2014 true xt7gb56d3m2b section xt7gb56d3m2b Regulatory Bulletin 95 February, 1952
Commercial Feeds in Kentucky,
I95I
Including Report on Official Feed
Samples Analyzed
‘ October-December, 1951
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Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station
University of Kentucky
Lexington

 FEED AND FERTILIZER DEPARTMENT
KENTUCKY AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
Bruce Poundstone,iHead of Department
FIELD INSPECTION
Robert Mathews · N. j. Howard
Neville I-lulette Elmer B. Stephenson josiah E. Anderson
LABORATORY
Harry R. Allen j. A. Shrader Lelah Gault
Valva Midkiff Elizabeth Swift Rose Blanchet
Rodney M. Hays Rose j. Ruh Robert N. Price
CONTENTS
. Page
Commercial Feeds in Kentucky, 1951 -------——----— - -——---— ----‘ 3
Summary of Sales by Class of Feed, Kentucky 1951 --—------ - —--— 5
Purpose of Feed Law ----—------------—-----—--------- - ----- -- 6
Requirements of Law -----------------—--—- - ---———·---·---—--— 6
The State Tag ------------------------—------—---—-—-------—-- 7
Suggestions to Feeders ---------—-----—-------------—-—--- —---- 7
Average Composition of the More Common Feedstufts —--------—-- 8
Miscellaneous Samples Analyzed in 1947 -48 -49 ------------------ 10
Method of Calculating the Analysis of a Feed Mixture —---------- -- 11
Chemical Standards, Rules and Regulations -—------------------ ·- 12
Urea ---------------—------------------------ - ----..---.-.... 16
Pounds per Bushel of Grain, seeds, etc. ----------------.---... - 17
Report of Offieial Feed Samples Analyzed for A
October, November, December, 1951 ---------------.. - ..... 18
3

 Quarterly Report on Feed Samples, 1951
COMMERCIAL FEEDS IN KENTUCKY, 1951
The record of samples correctly labeled showed continued
improvement in .1951 over 1950. Greater care in the blending of in-
gredients and more attention to the use of tags that correctly represent-
ed the guarantee undoubtedly brought this about. Little more than Z0
per cent of the feeds sold in Kentucky, according to the samples se-
cured in 1951, was sufficiently at the variance from the guarantee to
merit special comment, Further, only a fraction of this 20 percent was
seriously out of line with the warranty.
Correct labeling cannot be emphasized too strongly. lt gives the
purchaser assurance as to what is offered for sale and at the same time
is indicative of the over -all quality of the products involved.
The manufacturer who pays close attention to correct labeling
is certain to be giving close attention to the quality of ingredients and
the formula used. A manufacturer might, of course, use inferior in- `
gredients, label them correctly and have an excellent labeling record.
Such a product would be unfavorably received in the market, and the
manufacturer‘s alternatives would be to either improve his label and
his product or mislabel it. Thus, there is a direct relationship between
good labeling and good products. The fact that labeling has improved
in Kentucky in the past few years is interpreted as accompanying an [
improvement in quality.
I The percentage of feed samples meeting the guarantee for each
of the past four years is summarized as follows:
1948 --—-—- 56%
1949 ·- -—-- 68%
1950 ---.-- 70%
. 1951 ------ 79%
This shows an improvement in labeling each year.
In 1951, inspectors made 11,321 calls on feed dealers and collect- I
ed 3559 samples of feed. A
The estimated tonnage of commercial feeds consumed in Kentucky I
A during 1951, based on the sale of guaranty tags, was 612,946 tons. This
was 28,505 tons more than was sold in 1950.
Kentucky farmers paid about $53,000,000 for the 612,946 tons of
feed they bought in 1951.
3

 Regulatory Bulletin N0. 95
Tonnage of feed sold in Kentucky, as estimated from the number
of tags issued by calendar years, beginning with 1940, is as follows:
1940 ..................... 356,138
1941..., ................... 350,000
1942 . .................... 426,805
1943 ..................... 630,438
1944 ..................... 663,039
1945 ..................... 671,351
1946 ..... . ............... 647,661
1947 ............. . ....... 582,375
1948 ..................... 634,000
1949 ..................... 607,255
1950 ..................... 584,441
1951 ..................... 612,946
Of the tonnage for 1951, 137,549 tons were dairy feeds; 65,953
tons, hog feed; 15,625 tons, horse and mule feed; 150,693 tons, poultry
feed; 13,530 tons, turkey feed; 30,458 tons scratch feed; 5,485 tons,
rabbit feed; 1,084 tons, sheep feed; 5,243 tons, calf feed; 10,469 tons,
stock feed; 10,347 tons, dog and cat feed; 1,442 tons, goat feed; 2, 614
tons, mineral feed; 146,001 tons, striaght products and by -products and
by—products; and 11,735 tons, miscellaneous feed.
A summary of estimated sales by class of feed is given on Table l.
4

 Quarterly Report on Feed Samples, 1951
TABLE 1. SUMMARY OF SALES BY CLASS OF FEED, KENTUCKY, 1951
FEED Toms FEED TONS
STRAIGHT PRODUCTS AND BY-PRODUCTS SPECIAL PURPOSE FEEDS (Continued)
Alfalfa Meal -------------------- ~ 627 Dog Feed -—----—-----—------—---- 9,614
Barley, Ground ----- - -—-—-—------ T 106 Cat Feed ----—---------- ---- —--- 7.33
Bone lx/[eal --------------------- ··- 978 Goat Feed -—--------—------—-—-— 1,442
Brewers Dried Grains ---------—- - 2, 210 Hog Feed
cern, Ground .............--...- - 3, 377 Fattening and Grow ing --—------ - 34,106
Corn, Meal ..................... - 170 Protein Supplement -—-—------- - 31,847
Corn Feed Meal ---—------—----—- — 276
Corn By-p1-eduets Feed .......... - 1, 233 Total Hog Feed ---------------- 65,953
Corn Gluten Feed --------—-----· — 170
Cracked Corn .................... 21, 952 Horse and Mule Feed
Crushed Eel- Corn .............. - 404 Horse and Mule Feed, yellow tag - 786
Cgttonsggd Mee] .................. 3,485 Horse and lvlule Feed, white tag -- 14,839
Cottonseed Meal (Solvent) ——---·——— 425
Di5tiller5 Dried Grains -------—--- 5, 568 Total Horse and l\/1111.6 Feed ---—-- 15,625 V
Distillers Dried Solubles --------- - 2, 224 1
l-lonqiny Feed ------------------ - 16, 681 Duck Feed —-—--·- - --------—--— · 85
Hominy Meal --.----------------— - 3, 358 Pigeion Feed —---------—----—--- - 96
Linseed Oil Meal ........----.- --- 531 Poultry Grains
Meat Scraps - ·—~—--— · --·--- — ----- 574 Chick ------------—----------- 4,018
Meat & Bone Scrap -—-—------- ---- 1, 934 Hen ·----——---——-----—-—------— 26,440
Mixed Feed --------------— — ---·-— 8, 628
Oats, Ground ------—-------------- 404 Total Poultry Grains ---------— · 30,458
Oat Hull Feed —-------·------—- --- 149 I
Soybean Oil Meal ----—------ ------ 12, 920 Poultry Mash (Chickens) '
Soybean Oil Meal (Solvent) —----——-- 6, 184 All Mash Starter and Grower ---- 3,789
Soybean Feed (Extracted) -—------ - 2, 040 All Mash Laying —------------- - 2,550
Tankage -—--——-------—--—-—------ 3, 273 Fattening Mash --------------- - 1,711
Wheat, Ground --—--——---—------—- 808 Flushing Feed ------—--------- - 122
Wheat, Bran ------------- — ---- ··-- 7, 883 Growing Mash ---------------— - 15,603
Wheat Brown Middlings and Shorts —- 4, 037 Starting Mash ----------------- - 9,619
Wheat Gray Middlings and Shorts —-- 24, 055 Starting & Growing Mash ------- - 22,673
Wheat Flour Middlings -————------ - 1, 105 Broiler Mash ------------------ 24,251
2 Wheat Red Dog Flour -—--—---—-- —-- 1, 134 Laying Mash --------------- --- 65,450
Wheat Mixed Feed ——------—--——--- 4, 888 Protein Supplement - 4,925
Wheat Feeds ---—--------—-----—-— 2,210 —;
Total Products and By-Products 146, 001 Total Chicken Mash ........... - 150,693
 PECIAL, PURPOSE FEEDS Poultry Mash (Turkeys) l
C91~fF€€d ··—-···- - —-------—·-- - 5. 243 Turkey Starting Mash ---.-...... 3,322
` D9lI‘Y Feed Turkey Growing Mash ------.- - 7,774
16% Protein, yellow tag —----- — - 21, 441 Turkey Laying Mash .......... - 1,424
16% Protein, White tag - -------- 27, 017 Turkey Supplement ........... - 510
18% Protein, yellow tag ------- - 314
18% Protein, white tag --~----- - 5, 589 Turkey Mesh- ..__ _ _______ _ ____ _ 13.530
20% Protein, yellow tag ------- -- 4, 500
20% Protein, white tag -—----- - 20, 329 Rabbit Feed ...... - ............ - 5_4,85
24% Protein, yellow tag --------- 3, 124 Sheep Feed ......... - ......._ ___ 1,084
24% Protein, white tag ------· --- 41, 140 Stoqk Feed ........... - ._..______ 10_469
Protein Supplement --—----—--- - 10, 912 Mineral Feed .... - ......,___ ___ _ 2,614
Dry, Freshening, and Fitting Feed 3, 183 Protein & Mineral Feed -------- - 4,537
Miscellaneous ----- - --... - ....... [1.735
Total Dairy Feed ---·--------- - 137, 549
Grand Total- --------..---.- -- 6lZ,946
5

 Regulatory Bulletin No. 95
COMMERCIAL FEEDS, 1951
PURPOSE OF FEED LAW
Laws have as their basic principles right and justice, protection
and service, and if properly administered are great educators. Success-
ful administration depends largely upon the cooperation of those whose
interests they affect. The active interest and degree of cooperation of
those so affected depend also on adequate knowledge of the provisions
of the law and the ends to be attained in its proper operation. The
operation of a law, therefore, should not only properly regulate or con-
trol, but should be educative as well, ln the administration of the feed-
stuffs control in Kentucky this two -fold purpose has always been kept in
view.
The manufacture and distribution of commercial feeds have reached
large proportions. lnasmuch as the feeders of Kentucky alone pay
annually upwards of fifty million dollars for stock feed, exclusive of
whole grains and roughages, it is very important that the feeder, as
well as the manufacturer and distributor, understand the significance of
the feedstuffs law and its operation, and the various terms relative to the
manufacture and distribution of feedstuffs.
REQUIREMENTS OF LAW
The State feedstuffs law requires each brand of commercial feed to
be registered with the Feed Control Department of the Kentucky Ag-
ricultural Experiment Station and each bag of feed to be labeled with a
Kentucky official tag giving the manufacturer‘s guaranty, before it can
be lawfully sold or offered for sale in the State. Before an application for
registration is accepted, it is examined carefully to see if the requirements
of the law have been met, as to chemical standards and information given
as to the nature of the materials used in making the feed, the amount of
essential organic ingredients, and the limitation of fillers or materials of
little or no feeding value as concentrates. Because of this close examin-
ation of registrations, many irregularities are elimated before the feed
appears on the market. After registrations are accepted and the feed
appears on the market, inspections are made and samples taken and
analyzed, to compare them with their registrations and guaranties, If
a feed is found to be misbranded or adulterated, proper hearing is given the
manufacturer and if the case merits, court action is entered against the
offender and the registration is subject to cancellation.
6

 Quarterly Report on Feed Samples, 1951
THE STATE TAG
The official tag or label not only informs the buyer that sale of the
feed in question is authorized under the State law, but also gives infor-
mation as the character of the feed. The purchaser should read care-
fully that part of the printed matter whi_ch tells what materials are con-
tained in the feed, and the chemical analysis. The information given is
sufficient to enable a feeder to select the feed that best suits his purpose,
in quality and cost. Sometimes, however, feeders neglect to consider the
statements on the tag, and buy trashy feed, of low feeding value. Though
such feeds may be lower in price per 100 pounds, the actual feeding value
may be more expensive than in a good, clean feed at a higher price per
100 pounds. The Department is striving to impress upon feeders the im- »
portance of reading and studying the information given on the official tags,
when selecting feeds.
To mark more conspicuously certain important differences in the
character of feeds, thereby making easier the selection by the purchaser,
the Department issues tags according to a three—color scheme, as
follows:
A manila tag printed with black ink designates a "straight" feed, that is, °
a feed made from only one grain or plant. Examples: wheat bran; wheat
. middlings; cottonseed me al; linseed oil meal; corn feed meal.
A manila tag printed with red ink designates a feed made of the products
or by-products of two or more grains or plants, that is a"straight mixed"
feed. Examples: wheat bran and corn bran; wheat bran, corn feed meal a.nd
cottonseed meal; corn, oats and alfalfa meal. The tag plainly tell what the
materials are.
A yellow tag printed with black ink designates a feed containing a
material of little or no nutritive value. Examples: oat hulls; cottonseed
hulls; mixed screenings; ground chaff and dust; or other material contain- ‘
ing an excessive percentage of fiber. ·
If a feeder wants to buy a trashy feed, it is his privilege to do so. Such '
materials may be useful as " roughage " tho containing little nutriment.
. But it is important that he consider make-up of the feed, as stated on the tag,
in making a selection. Usually the nutrients in such feeds are more costly,
even at the lower price, than they would be if purchased in feeds of better
grade.
SUGGESTIONS TO FEEDERS
No feeder can get the best and most economical results unless he
exercises due intelligence in purchasing his feeds. The value of a feed
depends upon that portion of the nutrients which an animal can digest,
under ordinary condidtions, and take into its system, to keep up heat and
energy, produce growth, and repair the natural waste of the body, It will
be of much value to a feeder if he will observe the following suggestions,
when buying commercial feeds:
Read and study carefully the information given on the official tag. The
information on the tag is sufficient to give the~ purchaser adequate know-
ledge of the character of the feed.
Y

 Regulatory Bulletin No. 95 ·
COMMERCIAL FEEDS, 1951
AVERAGE COMPOSTION OF THE MORE COMMON FEEDSTUFFS
7 EI O y I`B 6
Feedstuff Protein Fat N. F.
Fiber Extract Water Ash
Alfalfa Leaf Meal 21.0 2.8 16.0 40.5 7.7 12.0
Alfalfa Meal 14.0 2.0 30.0 36.0 9.0 9.0
Barley 12.0 2.0 5.4 67,3 10.6 2.7
Barley Feed 13.5 3.5 8.7 60.9 9.3 4.1
Beet Pulp, dried 9.2 0.5 19.8 57.2 9.9 3.4
Blood, dried 84.5 1.1 1.0 0.7 8.2 4.5
Bone Meal, raw 26.0 5.0 1.0 2.5 6.4 59.1
Bone Meal, steamed 7.1 3.3 0.8 1.8 5.7 81.3
Brewers Dried Grains 25.0 6.4 16.0 41.0 7.7 3.9
Buckwheat 10.8 2.5 10.5 62.3 12.0 1.9
Buttermilk, dried 33.0 6.0 0.3 43.1 7.6 10.0
Buttermilk, Semi·S01id 13.4 3.0 0.0 15.9 65.0 2.7
Citrus Meal 5.9 3.1 11.5 62.7 9.9 6.9
Coconut Oil Meal 20.5 8.0 10.5 45.0 9.5 6.5
Corn 8.0 3.9 2.0 69.9 15.0 1.2
Corn Bran 9.7 7.3 9.2 62.0 9.4 2.4
Corn & Cob Meal 7.0 3.5 8.0 66.1 14.0 1.5
Crushed Ear Corn & Husks 7.0 3.0 10.6 69.2 11.0 1.8
Corn Chop 8.0 3.5 2.0 71.0 14.0 1.5
Corn Feed Meal 8.0 4.5 3.0 71.1 11.4 2.0
Corn Germ Meal 21.0 9.0 9.0 50.7 7.0 3.3
Corn Gluten Meal 25.5 2.7 7.6 48.8 9.1 6.3
Corn Gluten Meal 43.1 2.0 4.0 39.8 8.6 2.5
Cottonseed Meal 41.5 6.3 10.4 28.1 7.2 6.5
Cottonseed Meal, solvent 44.4 2.6 12.7 24,3 9.2 6.8
Cottonseed Feed 34.6 6.3 14.1 31.5 7.6 5.9
Distillers Dried Grains, Corn 28,3 8.8 11.4 41.9 7.1 2.5
Distillers Dried Grains, Rye 18.5 6.4 15.6 51.0 6.1 22,4
Distillers Dried Solubles 30.0 5.0 3.0 47.6 7.0 7.4
Fish Meal 63.9 6.8 0.6 4.0 7.1 17.6
Flaxseed 22.6 33.7 7.1 23.2 9.2 4.3
Flaxseed Screenings Oil Feed 25.0 7.1 11.7 40.3 8.1 7.8
Hominy Feed 11.2 6.9 5.2 64.2 9.6 2.9
Lespedeza Seed 36.6 7.6 9.6 32.8 8.3 5,1
Linseed Oil Meal 35.4 5.8 8.2 36.0 9.0 5.6
Linseed Oil Meal, solvent 36.9 2.9 8.7 36.3 9.6 5.6
Malt Sprouts 26.8 1.3 14.2 44.3 7.4 6.0
Meat Scraps, 55% 55.8 9.3 2.1 1.3 6.1 25.4
Meat & Bone Scraps, 50% 51.0 10.1 2.1 1.6 6.1 29.1
Molasses, Cane 3.2 0.0 0.0 65.0 25.7 6.1
Mo1asses,,Beet 9.0 0.0 0.0 62.0 22.0 7.0
Oats 11.5 4.6 11.0 60.9 10.4 3.4
Oat Kernels 16.0 6.4 1.6 66.0 8.0 2.0
Oat Middlings 15.9 5.2 3.3 64.6 8.6 2.4
Peanut Kernels 30.4 47.7 2.5 11.7 5.4 2,3
Peanut Oil Meal 43.5 7.6 13.3 23.4 7.0 5.2
Peanut Oil Meal, solvent 51.5 1.4 5.7 27.2 8.4 5.8
Peanut Skins 15.9 22.4 10.6 42.2 6.2 2.7
Rice Bran 12.5 12.5 12.5 44.0 9.0 9.5
Rye 11.8 1.8 1.8 73.2 9,4 2,0
Rye Middlings 15.5 3.7 5.5 61.7 9.8 3.8
Skimmed Milk, dried 34.0 1.0 0.0 51.0 6.0 8.0
Sorghum Grains 9.5 3.4 2.0 72.2 12.0 1.9
\8

 f Quarterly Report on Feed Samples, 1951
Average Composition of the More Common Feedstuffs, Continued
ar o y ra e
Feedstuff Protein Fat N. F.
Fiber Extract Water Ash
 oybean (Seed) 36.5 17.5 4.3 26.5 9.9 5.3
 oybean Oil Meal 44.3 5.3 5.7 29.6 9.1 6.0
 oybean Oil Meal, solvent 46.1 1.0 5.9 31.8 9.4 5.8 p
Tankage, 60% 60.6 8.5 2.0 1.8 6.9 20.2
Tankage with bone 50% 51.3 11.5 2.3 2.3 6.2 26.1
heat 10.5 1.7 2.8 72.9 10.2 1.9
heat Bran ‘ 14.0 3.5 9.5 56.9 10.1 6.0
heat Mixed Feed 13.5 3.5 7.5 60.2 10.1 5.2
heat Brown Middlings or Shorts 15.0 3.5 7.1 58.7 10.3 5.4
heat Gray Middlings or Shorts 15.0 3.5 6.0 60.6 10.5 4.4
Wheat Flour, Red Dog 16.0 3.5 3.0 66.4 8.5 2.6
heat Flour, Patent 10.9 1.3 0.4 74.7 12.3 0.5
heat Germ Meal 26.0 8.0 2.5 50.1 8.9 4.5
Grain Screenings (from wheat) 10.5 1.7 2.8 70.8 9.6 4.6
hey, dried 12.2 0.8 0.2 70.4 6.5 9.9
east, Brewers, dried 49.3 1.0 3.7 31.9 6.2 7.9
east, irradiated, dried 48.7 1.1 5.5 32.2 6.1 6.4 _
ROUGHAGEZS
· falfa Hay 14.5 2.3 29.7 36.3 8.6 8.6
 lue Grass Hay 8.2 2.5 29.8 42.5 10.5 6.5
lover Hay, Red 11.8 2.6 27.3 40.1 11.8 6.4 V
orn Stover, without ear 5_.9 1.6 30.8 46.5 9.4 5.8
orn Stover, with ear 7.8 2.2 27.1 47.6 8.9 6.4
owpea Hay 18.6 2.6 22.5 35.1 9.9 11.3
escue 1-lay 7.0 1.9 30.3 43.2 11.8 6.8 L.
Lespedeza Hay 13.5 2.5 28.0 40.1 10.5 5.4
 oybean Hay 15.5 2.8 26.5 38.7 9.2 7.3
* Timothy Hay 6.2 2.5 29.8 45.0 11.6 4.9
FILLERS ·
{alfa Stem Meal 11.5 1.3 36.3 34.8 9.0 7.1
0rn Cob 2.3 0.4 32.1 54.0 9.6 1.6
- ottonseed Hulls 3.9 1.0 45.5 37.2 9.7 2.7
r lax Plant By-Product 6.4 2.1 44.4 33.1 8.1 5.9
 at Mill Feed 5.6 1.8 27.9 50.8 7.6 6.3
 at Hull Feed 3.5 1.5 32.5 49.3 7.6 5.6
 at Hulls 3.0 1.0 35.0 47.7 6.8 6.5
 creenings*
h¤.£f and dust** .
" Varies in quality from fair to poor.
 *Varies in quality from poor to worthless and even dangerous.
9

 Regulatory Bulletin No. 95
COMMERCIAL FEEDS, 1951
Miscellaneous Samples Analyzed in 1947 -50
Feedstuff Protein Fat Fiber
Barley Bran 15,2 5.2 14.9
Blue Grass C`haf£ 7.1 1.9 28.5
Blue Grass Screenings 6.7 2.0 26.1
Blackberry Seeds 9.6
Buckwheat Feed & Hulls 9.6 2.9 22.4
Cake, Ground 4.8 9.9 1.5
Corn Fodder & Soybean Plant 10.1 5.9 17.0
Cracklings, Edible 67.1 28.1 1.1
(`racklings, lnedible 44.1 22,2 3.0
lce Cream Cones, Ground 9.2 1.5 0.7
Lima Beans, Ground 21.5 ..5 6.1
Malt Hulls, Ground 10.3 1.8 22.5
Peanut Vine Meal 10.1 2.3 34.0
Popcorn, Ground 9.4 2.5 2.7
Popcorn, Popped & Crushed 8.4 12,8 2,9
Potato Flour 2.0
Potato Flakes 9,0
Sorghum, Ground (Stalk & Leaves) 4.1 2,9 19,6
Vetch Seed 26.4 0.7 7.6
Walnut Shells & Meats 13.2 24,2 27,1
Walnut Meat Skins 8: Small Amount of Shell 21.5 45.5 12.0
Wheat Toast, Ground 12.6 4.9 0.5
10

 Quarterly Report on Feed Samples, 1951
METHOD OF CALCULATING THE ANALYSIS OF
A FEED NIIXTURE
Requests are often received for a method of calculating the analysis of a
given feed mixture. Examples are given of two classes of feed most common-
ly mixed by the feeder, in l,000—pound batches, for his stock.
Example 1. 20-percent protein dairy feed
 
   
Percentage Hundreds of Pounds of
Ingredients of protein, pounds of protein from
or pounds each each
in 100 ingredient ingredient
 
150 pounds wheat bran --—---—-- -—- 15 1.5 22.5
200 pounds ground shelled corn —-—- 9 2 18.0
150 pounds hominy meal ----——--- - 11 1.5 16.5
150 pounds cottonseed meal -—--—— -— 41 1.5 61.5
150 pounds soybean oil meal ------— 41 1.5 61.5
100 pounds ground oats ---—--— - -——- 11 1 11.0
100 pounds alfalfa meal --—-—--- --- 14 1 14.0
 
1000 pounds --—--—----------—-- ---- 10 205.0
 
Then 205.0 divided by 10:20.5, the percentage of protein in this feed.
Example 2. Z0-percent protein laying mash _
I 2 3 4
 
Percentage Hundreds of Pounds of
` - Ingredients of protein. pounds of protein from
_ or pounds each each
in 100 ingredient ingredient
 
150 pounds wheat bran -——-—-- - ---- 15 1.5 22.5
· 200 pounds wheat middlings -----—-- I6 2 32.0 »
200 pounds ground yellow corn ----- 9 Z 18.0
100 pounds ground oats -—----—-- --- ll l 11.0
150 pounds meat scrap --——-—-—— -—- 50 1.5 75.0
100 pounds alfalfa meal —---------- I4 1 14.0
100 pounds soybean oil meal -—--- - 4-1 1 41.0 ,
 
· 1000 pounds -—-—------·--—»----—-—- 10 213.5
 
Then 213.5 divided by 10:21.35, the percentage of protein in this feed.
Explanation of Method Used in Table 1.
1. List the number of pounds and ingredients in column 1.
2. Get from the guaranty on the official tag or from the average analysis
the protein content of each ingredient and put it in column 2.
3. Place the hundreds of pounds of each ingredient in column 3. For example,
150 pounds of an ingredient is listed as 1.5 hundred pounds.
4. Multiply the figure for each ingredient in colurnn 2 by that in column 3 to
get the figure in column 4. This is multiplying the number of pounds of protein in
a hundred, by the number of hundred pounds of each ingredient, to get the total
pounds of protein furnished by each ingredient.
5. Add column 3, which gives the total weight of the mixture, in hundred pounds.
6. Add column 4, which gives the total weight of protein in the mixture.
7. Divide the sum of column 4 by the sum of column 3. This gives the per-
centage of protein in the mixture.
The percentages of other substances such as fat or fiber can be calculated in
a similar .

 Regulatory Bulletin No. 95 '
CHEMICAL STANDARDS, RULES AND REGULATIONS
Chemical standards, Rules and regulations in effect in Kentucky. These
standards and regulations are modified when experimental evidence and condi-
tions justify such changes.
1. Chemical Standards:
% Min. % Min.   Max.
Protein Fat Fiber
Dairy Feedif ...................................... .. 16.0 2.5 15.0
Fitting Feed (for Dry Cows) .................   12.0 2.5 15.0
Hog Feed (Fattening)* ........ . ................. 14.0 2.5 8.0
Hog Feed (Pig & Sow Feed & Pig Feeds)*. 16.0 3.0 6.0
Horse Ez Mule Feed ......... . ................... 9.0 2.0 15.0
Poultry
All —Mash Broiler Ration ................... 18.0 2.5 8.0
All —Mash Growing Ration .................. 15.0 2.5 7.0
All—Mash Laying Ration .................. .. 15.0 2.5 8.0
All —Mash Poultry Fattening Mash ..... . 12.0 2.5 8.0
All—Mash Poultry Ration ................... 15.0 2.5 7.0
All —Mash Starting Ration ...............,.. . 17.0 2.5 7.0
/\ll-Mash Starting & Growing Ration .... 17.0 2.5 7.0
Growing Mash* ........................... . .... 17.0 2.5 8.0
Laying Mash* ................................ . 18.0 2.5 8.0
Scratch Feeds ................................. 8.0 2.0 7.0
Starting Mash* ...... . ...... . ................ 20.0 2.5 7.0
Starting & Growing Mash* .................. 17.0 2.5 7.0
Turkey All —Mash Laying Ration ........ . 16.0 2.5 8.0
Turkey Growing MaSh*. ..................... 18.0 2.5 8.0
Turkey Laying Mash* ....................... 20.0 2,5 8.0
Turkey Starting Mash* ...,................. . 22.0 2.5 8.0
Turkey Starting & Growing Mash*...r... 20.0 2.5 8.0
Rabbit Feed=1= ....................................... . 15.0 2.0 10.0
Rabbit Ration ...................................... 15.0 2.0 22.0
Dog Feed (Canned) ...........................   7.5 2.0 1.5
(Dry matter not less than 26%, fat not more than 6%, ash not more
than 3.5%, salt, NaCl not more than .75%)
% Max. % l\/lax.
Fiber Fiber
13% Alfalfa Meal ......................... 33.0 Wheat Brown Shorts ..... . ...... 7.5
15% Alfalfa Meal ......................... 30.0 Wheat White Shorts ............. 4.0
17% Alfalfa Meal ................. . ....., 27.0 Wheat White Middlings ......... 4.0
20% Alfalfa Meal .... . .................... 22.0 Wheat Feed Flour ............... 1.5
Ground Barley ............................ 6.0 Wheat Mixed Feed ............... 9.5
Lespedeza Meal .......................... 28.0 Wheat Standard Middlings ..... 9.5
Feeding Oat Meal ........................ 4.0 Wheat Flour Middlings ......... 6.0
Oat Mill Feed ...... . ..................... 30.0 Wheat Gray Shorts .............. 6.0
Soybean Hay Meal ........................ 33.0 Wheat Red Dog ................... 4.0
COTTONSEED MEAL must contain at least 41% protein. (A mixture of
cottonseed meal and cottonseed hulls containing less than 41% protein should
be labeled Cottonseed Feed. The percentage of hulls must be declared.)
% Min. % Max.
Fat Fiber
41% commseea Meal ......................................... 4.0 13.0
43% Cottonseed Meal ......................................... 4.0 12.0
41% Solvent Extracted Cottonseed Meal ................ 1.0 13.0
43% Solvent Extracted Cottonseed Meal ................. 1.0 12,0
45% Solvent Extracted Cottonseed Meal ............... .. 1.0 11.0
TANKAGE, MEAT MEAL, or MEAT SCRAPS — When these products
contain more than 4.4% of Phosphorus, they shall be designated: Tankage
and Bone Meal or Tankage and Bone Scraps; and Meat and Bone Meal or Meat
and Bone Scraps.
* Does not apply to "Supplement" feeds or to specialty feeds that have a
recognized place in the feeding program for which they are intended.
12

 Quarterly Report on Feed Samples, 1951 _
2. General Requirements:
(¤) Care should be exercised to make the chemical guaranties reasonably close
to the actual content of the feed.
(b) If a material change is made in the guaranty of a feed, in effect lowering
the quality or value of the feed, the name-of the feed must be changed also.
(c) The percentage of protein must form part of the name in all high protein
materials. Example: 41% Portein Cottonseed Meal, 60% Protein Tankage. _
Wheremore than one special purpose feed is offered under the same brand name
and for the same purpose, the protein guarantee must form a part of the brand
name. Example "Excelsior Brand" 18% Diary Feed, "Excelsior Brand" 20%
Dairy Feed.
(d) The words "S0lvent Extracted‘° should appear in the brand name of a
meal where such applies in the labeling of oil mill by-products.
(e) Oil mill by-products containing hulls, screenings and similar materials,
thus materially lowering the percentage of crude protein, cannot be called meals,
but may be called meal and hulls, or meal and screenings, or feed, or by some
proprietary name.
(f) With the exception of "scratch grains" any feed containing less than 9% _
protein must be called by the name of its ingredients. (
‘
(g) In naming feeds, the terms "feed" and "ration" should be distinguished.
Afeed may or may not be a ration, A ration is a complete feed and does not re-
quire other feed to be fed in addition to it.
13

 Regulatory Bulletin No. 95 `
3. lngredientsz
(a) All ingredients guaranteed must be present in nutritionally significant
amounts.
(b) Vitamin carriers and similar ingredients present less than Z 1/2% but
in an amount sufficient to have nutritional significance must be listed together.
The vitamin and mineral content of a feed must meet the requirements of accepted
authorities for the type of feed listed.
(c) Mineral ingredients, generally regarded as dietary factors essential for 0
the normal nutrition of animals, when added to a feed must not exceed 3%, except
for layer and breeder mashes in which 4% is allowed. Where it can be shown
that these allowances will not provide the minimum mineral requirements for a
given feed, larger amounts will be allowed upon special request. The amount of
salt in any stock feed, including poultry feeds, shall not exceed 1%, There is no
limit to the minerals allowed in "supplement" feeds. "Supplement" feed re-
gistration should show the percentage of minerals and when the total equals or
exceeds 5%, a guarantee for calcium, phosphorus, iodine and salt for the total
feed should be given, The word "mineral" should appear in the brand name of
a feed have 10% or more minerals.
(d) The fluorine content of any mineral or mineral mixtures which are to be
used directly for the feeding of domestic animals shall not exceed 0.30 per cent
for cattle; 0.35 per cent for sheep; 0.45 per cent for swine, and 0.60 per cent for
poultry. Rock phosphate or other fluorine bearing ingredients may be used only
in such limited amounts in feedings stuffs so that they will not raise the fluorine
of the total concentration of the (grain} ration above the following amounts; for V
cattle 0009 per cent of fluorine; for sheep 0.010 per cent of fluorine; for swine
0.014 per cent of fluorine; and for poultry 0.035 per cent of fluorine,
(e) Condiments and charcoal are not feed materials. However, they are per-
mitted when percentage amounts are given.
(f) Poisonous materials are prohibited as ingredients in feed. Inclusion of
acceptable drugs is permitted. Special labeling is required. Write for instructions.
(g) If urea is used as an ingredient, the percentage must be given. Percent-
age is also required for all inert materials used as ingredients.
(h) A dairy feed containing ground ear corn will carry a white tag, if the
fiber is not over 10%.
4. Screenings:
(a) Percentage of screenings in wheat feeds, mixed or special -purpose feeds,
must be given and the minimum amounts of protein and fat and the maximum amounts
of fiber and ash for such screenings must be stated in the registration. Samples
of such screenings may be required.
(b) Screenings are described as follows: Grain screenings (from wheat,
corn, oats, etc.) and must contain 70% or more of grain. Maximum ash 6.5%;
mixed screenings (grains, weed seeds, hulls, chaff), if ash is over 13% sand
and dirt must appear on label; chaff and dust (hulls, joints, straw, elevator dust,
sweepings, grains, weed seeds), if ash is over 15% sand and dirt must appear on `
label; The screenings shall contain not more than 4 viable primary noxious weed
seeds and 100 viable secondary noxious weed seeds per pound.
14

 Quarterly Report on Feed Samples, 1951
_ (c) Screenings must be ground fine enough to destroy the germination of
all weed seeds present.
5. Materials of Little or No Feeding Value:
(a) Percentage of material of little or no feeding value such as oat hulls,
cob meal, clipped oat byproduct, mixed screenings or other material containing
an excessive percentage of fiber, must be stated.
(b) In mixed feeds, the amount of material or materials of little or no
feeding value must not exceed 25% of the mixture.
6. False Registration and Cancellation:
Improper registration, adulteration or misbranding of a feed not only
renders the offender liable to prosecution, but the registration may be cancelled
by the Department.
I
15

 Regulatory Bulletin No. 95
UREA
With a growing interest in the use of urea as a feed ingredient, the V
following information may help in answering questions about it.
Urea is a white crystalline powder made by combining ammonia and
carbon dioxide under pressure in equipment that will withstand high temper-
atures.
Urea contains 46,5%nitrogen, which is equivalent to 291% protein, The
commercial product "26Z" Feed Compound, is urea which has been diluted
with other materials to prevent caking, and contains 42% nitrogen which is
equivalent to 262% protein. The addition of 1 percent of this material to a
I dairy feed is equivalent to adding 2.62% protein. Besides urea‘s protein
equivalent value, one must also consider its lack of energy value as com-
pared to the common high protein feeds. An example of this, if the nitrogen
in urea is used as efficiently as the nitrogen in high protein feeds, it will
require approximately l4 pounds of urea, plus 100 pounds of grain to
replace 100 pounds of soybean oilmeal.
Urea, when used as an ingredient in feeds sold in Kentucky is shown
in the ingredient list on the official Kentucky tag as follows: " %
Urea ( % equivalent protein from non —protein nitrogen). One
percent of "262" appears as .9% Urea on the official Kentucky tag. This
would therefore read *29% Urea (2.62% equivalent protein from non-protein I
nitrogen)."
Cattle, sheep, and goats are able to convert urea to a usable form
through the action of micro -organisms in the rumen. The organisms con-
vert the nitrogen of urea to protein in their cell bodies, which are in turn
digested by the animal.
Horses, swine, dogs