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Examine Emerimpm.
menkfntt.
3.6.321i1ﬂ‘ak‘rhhzxm.
(Euhcrmar.
65/29/1900.
Proj. Jae. K .Patterson,
Lexington, Ky.
My dear Sir:
//
I again receipt of a. copy of " The Kentuolqtml, edited by Mr.
Mo Daniel, as a magazine of the State College. I desire to express '
to you my appreciation of it and. to say that I consider it a. very cred-
itable work and an honor to the institution over which you presid.e..
Yours very truly, ‘ ,
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Exemt‘wp Ekpartmmt.
mettkﬁni. _
it‘llﬂﬂwrkham.
QSUm‘mwt. April 18, 1902.
Prof. James K. Patterson,
Lexington, Ky.
Dear sir—- .
Replying to yours of recent date, I am directed. 30 the Governor to
say that he has confidence that you will do everything: for the advancement
of the school under your charge. ‘
Very truly, A
Secretary to the Governor.

 (Unmmnnmmlih nf “£21611er
Examine Ewartmmt.
frankiuﬂ.
Elf/L333. ﬁerkhmn.
@ohcrnnr. June 20, 1902.
Prof. Jmnee K. Patterson,
Lexington, Ky .
my dear sir~~
I received your letter informing me of the settlement of the
question as to the purchase of property for the girls' dormitory at the
State College. I am glad to know that the matter has finally been adjusted
in a satisfactory manner, and I wish to commend you for your liberality in (E
the purchase of the Pepper property. I sincerely hope that there will he no;
further trouble about it.
With kindest regards, I 83%
Very sincerely yours,
/WW

 (Enmmnnmmlﬂt nf Iimtmky
Eixmzﬁnz Ewartmmt
EJ .(Cﬁﬁﬁgetkham ﬁnmkfnﬁ "
(Qumran:
Oct. thh, 1904.

Pres .- J03: . II. PﬂtﬁG‘TV‘Oi-l,

Lexingtozi, Ky.
"3' Per-r Pi:‘:—~

I take ple ‘mLT‘e in introducing to you my young: friend.
77*. ‘30:: Litrzey of my have county, Nelson. While, I Ptave not
men 7111311 03’? him wince he. was: quite a little fellow, I can
my for hiw that he belongs: to we of the. “meet farilies in our
county am": from irritai, I hear 0:“ him he is a very WOT-thy anr'a
deqervin: 27017.31: rum. I 3.1:: nure that 3 is ambitious and anxious
to reflect credit upon ﬁrtiweelf >58 well as upon the college
in his aiizeimdiuace there as: a student. Any courtieier: you may
show him will be worthily bestowed. and very much ay1>recizﬁned
by me.

Very truly ymme,
ﬂWM/WL

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{I I ' . Ey/?/Kj

a »

t The relations of political parties in Kentucky

1 to civic morality do not differ materially from those in

' neighboring states. Republicans and Democrats are nearly
equally divided. Ordinarily there is a Democratic majori—

3 ty, thought small, in the elections for state offices and

g during the presidential year. At the last general election,

: however, for state offices, the Republicans carried the

i state. This was due in great neasure to the general dis-

: satisfaction growing out of the turbulent scenes and quest-

? ionable methods incident to the displacement of Taylor in

I 1900 by the General Assembly and the substitution of Goebel,

l his political opponent. 0n the face of the returns Taylor

g was elected. But it was alleged that many graudulent votes

3 were casté7§nasmuch as the General Assembly was the ultimate
Court of Appeals, in questions of this sort, the defeated

‘ candidate carried his case before that body. The deeds of
violence which culminated in the assassination of Goebel
accentuated and strengthened political antagonisms. Upon
the death of Goebe1,the Lieutenant Governor succeeded as
Governor and upon the close of his term was re—elected for
a second term, thus serving eight consecutive years, a ser—
vice of unexampled length in the history of the Commonwealth.
During this long tenure, many irregularities grew up. These
operated to the disadvantage of the democracy and were main-
ly instrumental in bringing about their defeat in 1907. .

Governor Willscn's tenure of office has been

seriously embarrassed by the tobacco war. In the efforts
of the tobacco growers to emancipate themselves from the

 -2- L

domination of the tobacco trust, many deeds of violence 2
have been committed and some lives have been lost. Tobacco 1
plant beds were destroyed by armed bands of masked men and 1
many tobacco barns have been burned. And worse than all, 1
some valuable lives were list in the ruthless raids made by t
desperate men upon the homesteads of those who dared to ex— \
press an opinion upon the lawless methods adopted by those

who held themselves aggrieved. To cope with this lawless» i
ness was an exceedingly difficult matter. The military 1
power of the state was brought into requisition. but was i
able to accomplish little. The raiders disappeared upon i
their approach; many arrests were made but convictions by l
local juries were impossible. These disorders have been 5
exploited by Governor Willson's political opponents, and l

I instead of the credit that ought to accrue from the efforts

which he made to cope with disorder, discredit has been .

wantonly attached to him and-to his advisers by those who

sought an opportunity to disparage his administration. These
conditions will materially enbarrass the Republicans in th

the coming campaign. Governor Willson has given us, I

think, a good clean, honest administration , and was shut \
up to the necessity of doing what he did, to preserve the

lives and pr0perty of the citizens of Kentucky.

The negro vote is an important factor in the

politics of the state. Their normal relationship is Re— ;
publican. They are, howeverflpurchaseable element and in g

important elections are bought wholesale. The Dennorats , t
buy only a sufficient number of votes to carry the election, l

 -3-
but if the Republicans begin to purchase their votes, they 5
have to buy all the way through.
For this state of thing, I see no immediate
remedy. The ignorance of the negro masses is dense and I
their moral sense blunt. We have a negro population of 1
about fifteen percent of the whole. The education of
the negro is a slow process. In point of intellect the
race sustains about the same relation to the Indo—Germanio,
the Semitic and Mongolian as the child of these latter
races does to maturity. There are exceptions, but this
is the rule. The average young negro learns with facility ,
those subjects in which memory is specially concerned, but i
when the period is reached at which reasoning powers begin ;
to be developed with the white and he goes forward with a . i
bound, the development of the negro is arrested and it is i
found extremely difficult to get him beyond this immature é
stage. E
g
. i g

 m_ _ _ , ~tgx
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1
'
l Brief Biscussion of the law of the appointment of Benefi~
ciaries to the State University.
attorney-Cenerel Carnett. ‘
Jy dear Sir: ;
in compliance with your request, I have the honor f
to pr sent the following Views concerning the law'releting to _ a
the appOintmnnt 0f Lbeneficiariee is the State university: %
In Sub4ﬁection 28 of faction 46360 of the General E
Statutes, the obvious intention of the General Assembly was 1
First, to deeentrelize es fer as possible the ﬁgricultursl E
- ‘ end gee sniosl College of Kentucky, known than as the State Col~ i
legs enﬂ new as the -teie Yniveraity, i. e.. to make it in reality 3
the cell as of the whnlﬁ Commonwealth enﬂ not the college of 3 §
section of the Censonwenlth. _ :
Sheena, 's e consequence of the foregoing is equalize for i
all, as far as ycssihle. the opportunities nné advantages efforﬂeﬂ ’ ‘
by the college, '
Thirﬁ. By a jaiicionc and qquitnbl= system of selection to ”t
‘ attract the best talent of the graﬂuetes of the common schools to 5' H
' the “tn .. e (Tolls:- e , I . t
4 Fourth, By this sytsm of appointments an? selection t0 ;
pleen tim collage virtually in every county of the Commonwealth.
Fifth. in lift the selection nnﬁ appointments out of end 2'
above solitieel,x'eli$ioue and social influence. chance or'eapriee,
she is make the awards en merit ens desert exclusively.
Sixth. To aisoorer nnf.encontnys meritorious youth and to I
assist thine whose means ere smell to obtain a good eaucation. {I . w
i 1
x g,

 , E
j Seventh. To build up and educate an intelligent and patriotic ' '3
l constituency in every county of Kentucky by helping the energetic . g

and meritorious youth of the Cpmmonweihth to help themselvee,~i‘ E
' All these expectations have been fully realized during the _ _j
interval from 1893 to 1911. ‘ ‘ i
Thesmeans by which these ends were sought to be accom-
plished are set forth in the Statute referred to above, viz., _
‘ "It Was enacted that each Legislative Representative
District in this state shall in consideration of the income accru-
ing to the college under an Act for the benefit of the Agricultural I
& Mechanical College of Kantucky, approved April 29, 1880, be en- g
titled to select and tossend to said College each year, one proper- E
1y prepared student, free from all charges for tuition, matricula-I ‘
tion to 3, room rent, fuel and lights, and to have all the advantages
and privileges of the college and dormitories free, except board." - \
Farther on the Act in the same Section provides that "if any Leg-
islative Didtrioieeontains more than one enunty, each county so .
included shall be entitled to one beneficiary.? ‘
I Herein are all the elements of a bona fide contract. ‘The 5
' Commonwealth, party of the first part, agrees to give to the College I
the annual proceeds of the tax of one-half of one cent on every
hundred dollars of taxable property owned by white persons; for a
‘consideration, and the College, party of the second part, agrees to _
provide this consideration, viz., to trovide free tuition for a
certain number of properly prepared students. The method of se-
lection of these students is set forth with the utmost exactness
of detail. and the advantages and immunities attaching to the '
selection are also minutely described. They are to be selected
by the County Superintendent and'by no other officer; they are to -
-2-

 ‘ My.wmwmmm"mmmmMmm“m_n____.__alaa=.=====aaa=:mmreerzsmstsmv1
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‘ selected not on his initiative, or arbitrary preforonoo,but on g
; competitive examination. one questions upon which the examina~ g
‘ is tax e conducted are not left for him to detonminc, but are to j
be prepared and transmitted to him before the first day of June I
of oach year by tho Faculty of the College; the time limits for the I
, examination are also set forth, viz., between the first day of June %
. and the first day of August. Moreoever, the Superintendent docs g
not conduct the examination himself, but is required to unpaint a L
Board of Examiners for that purpose. He as further required to
make Tnown by advertisement to the public and by a notice posted
in each public school within his jurisdiction the time and place
_ of examination.‘ From this it is quite manifhst that no appointment
will be valid unless one and all of these conditions are complied i
with. i
I FVon a casual reader of the Statute of may 9th, 1893.
would concluio that the county and not the state is the unit of
appointment, but_the Amended Law of 1908, found in the General %
Statues. Suh-ﬂeation 7, of Tection 4656a, leaves no possibla %
doubt upon this subject. It declares explicitly that the county_is
tho unit. in the following language: "Each county in the state '
I. shall be the unit of appointment, and each county shall be unbitled
, to appoint annually, etc." This languagc was preliminary to the 1
chanye in the lsW'uhlch allowed each~county to mako an appointment \
for every three thousand white pupils of school ago. The basis ‘
was changed butthe unit-rouninod the some and was distinctly af— 3
firmed. ' In View of all this, the allegation that tho state and }
, not the. county is! the unit of appcintmcnt is both childish and ' g
absurd. Boththo earlier and the later Statutes makes provision
. . -5- ‘V‘ . s

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5‘ for the payment of travelling expenses once going from home to the i
E; College and once returning from the college to his home, to each €
i legally appointed beneficiary. ‘ . ‘ « -
. ' . The counties distributirely pay the tax, the‘
counties_distributively 'EMm entitled to appoint the beneficiaries
under the centract made by the General Assembly on their behalf.“ No
one cohnty, "5, whether adjacent or remote, ca: invade Lhe
domain of another county and appropriate to itself, either with or
withbnt the consent of the County Superintendent the exclusive
‘ privilege_and prerogative of the county. ' If the county appoints
the beneficiaiies -. towhich it is entitled, in conformity with the
- law, well, if not, the loss is that of the county, which has failed
t to do itS‘ duty. 'Under the existing law not even the state, norp .
‘ any officer of the state can intervene and transfer the power to
! ‘make appointment from one county to another. Not even the state can
authorize a ﬁounty’ Superintendent to dispense with the plain pro- t —
visions of the law, much less a self-constituted authority of the
State University. By way of illustration, it may be added that ‘
i . the Congressional District is the unit for the selection of ap-
t pointees to the military Academy at West Point and the Naval ‘
' Academy at Annapolis, can the state usurp the authority vested f
9 in the District? Gan Kentucky invade the domain of Ohio and appro- :
priete appointments which belong to that sovereign state. 30, under‘ g
the law relating to appointments, each county in the Commonwealth
is sovereign. This sovereign prerogative has heen ruthlessly -
invad d and set at naaggt'by the administration of the State '
University. Blank appointments have been given t0'students and A
othhrae with instructions to fill in the names of persons willing 7
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..yg ’ ' 4 ‘

 , ‘..mm,mm________.___—_mg
' I
to take them. $11 thaw was require? was to take thm to thew
(301mm Superintandant am! ab’min his aaquieaema'. WMt is the: con-
_ saquenca? Inatead -:-:€' ﬂecentralizatmn, Fayette is given 9:5 appoint.-
menta at tha inatemca 01‘ the Administration of the University;
(Maugham 38; 1356306:me 22, mm some others. numbers largaly in
.' excess! 01?” their queta. The: maximum number of appnin‘bmenta for all
counties af the Mate. which may be legally mde unaaar the law in
any one year is: 23.5. Faya’ttn has; 0:? that number 45553:, Daviesa 2'75; , :
Woaﬂi’ord 10?. E‘hese three: neuritic—s; have Member: '79”... of tha number ‘
of npmintmn’cs which may 129-131;"th in. me year. 1:31:81: a monatraua
injustice: $3.1 tha remaining: 115 counties: waulci 11an left far
d‘istribut inn among; them: 32:}?‘3'. ﬁrm: if a (Ewen cmmtiag. m.“ a more A
, of? coeint 1m ahauld fer} 1. to Emmi: ﬁmi‘r qzmm of appointments fillea,
that would not Justify the :‘.dmie-niatmt’idn Of Stata Emivaraity 1n
inviting Fayette, or Franklin, 07: aav1a8,'to aaaumer: the privilege! .
' of appointing; stzhatitntea; ﬁrm if that; (mum 1m New withnut a.
ﬂagrant violation of the; law. the gaminiatmt 1011 has: m: right to
aaauma that a émmtywill net makes an amointme'nt within the time: i
limit. nor could it xmaw till after the expiration a: the time limit :
t that it has mum to appcint its: quota. f‘hmae illegal appoint- :_
‘ manta willbe a heavy draft upon the treasury of the stats-2 Uniwr- 2%
I aity. Llatwaﬂn and five; and six thmmanﬂ dollars: will be reqﬁimd A
’ tn} pm; the travelling-,- expenses of 4:213 Eta-(38116.3 aypointaaa thus year
in attendance upon the Estate I?nivemity. finite as much mom will
, km requireﬂ to pay the: rent of houses autism»: the University aground .
and ta provide fuel and 115-ma for thaw: wham 1m misting: timrmitory ‘
rzecmzxmmiation is“; unnbln to provmre far. The 10233 07‘.” feet: will. hr:
‘3 an mam one}. hmwy item; 1hr: vintjre lass alumni 1m; in the aggregate V“;
f: ' . “to twa 1w: or fiftmn thaumnd dallam. Tha law hm: 310mm ndmim-
.‘ :..1e mi; 11.5: from 1893 to 191%; If: gave: the Univamity Hm hast I

 I
material from every county in Kaztuoky. boot in preparation, boat
in energy, heat in resolution. It enabled the univeraity to gradu-

. ate men and women, admirably equipped for professional and avoca- i
tional pursuits. It linked the University directly with tho . *
public schools and gave them an uplift which hag materially contrih~ %

' uteﬂ to the educational progreao of the Commonwealth. Ur. Pritohett. i
President of the Carnegie Foundation for the Advanooment of Teaching, i
who has hone more than any man in America to stimulate anﬁ encourage ?
collegiate and university work, when told of the ayatom of oppoint- }
ments in Khotucky, pronounce& it tho best system in America. i

Anothct important conoideration ohonld not be omitted. ;
By dierQarding and violating the contract, the Stoto University ' i
in instructing the Superintendents that thoy may disregard the E
law, virutally release the Commonwealth from thy obligatiQno to pay i
to it tho proceeds of the half cent tax. This is an important :
consideration and might involve the loss of all the revenueo ac- a
cruing from that source amounting now to about $50,000 per annum.‘ I
The fatuouo policy of ignoring the obligation of {he law and od- ;
viaing and incitina County Superinienﬂento to disregard it, Games i
with a had grace from,thoso who have been conversant with the , f
practice and administration of the law. Tho soata Uni‘mraity
above all the activities of the Commonwealth daould inculcato in ' %
its officers ona students, by practice and h; precept, a profound . 3
vnerotion for the dignity and majesty of the law. . _ 2

i .

 XTWK, . , . ”mm,“ { .-.My. . H.... .. ‘,_. f ,g i
From the foregoing discussion these conelueions eoem obvious: g
First. That the language med throughout the otatuteo quoted. l
v12.: "County," "County Superintendents," ﬁﬁithin their reopectivo l
oountioo culminating at last in the explicit aeolerotion. "that each ' lg:
county in the etato shall he the unit of appointment em‘i that each k
county shall be entitlea to appoint one annually." leavee no manner of ‘f
doubt that the count: and not the state is the unit. ' ;
Seconﬂ. That no one who has not been appointee in conformity é
with.the distinct requirements of the law 13 3 bone flee county ep- l
gamma. and that the oaaentiel one material donclition to validate . l
on appointment is competitive examination. 1 l ‘ ' .
Third. That no one other than a bone fioe eypointoo unoor -
the low, is entitled to receive travelling exPenoea,'exem§tion from i
i all foes, lodging. fuel and lights. _ ,' - ‘ l
_ Fourth. ?hat the principle of eeleotion adopted in_tho J g
ﬁtetute in in conformity with the well defined one generally aooegtod .g
law of hrogrese which pervades all nature, viz.;"surv1val of the. E
‘ 'fitteet." , ' %
Fifth. what quality rather than quantify: pervaﬂeo the Spirit 3
1 of the law one ie the ideal of the best and highest university . l f
education. . ’ _ ’ -%
Sixth. That a grove responsibility roete upon the administro- l
3 tion of the University. who advised one counselled Cohnty Superintehﬂ-
ente to evade, ignore and ﬂieregard the hrw. ‘
, Seventh. That the State University above all other institutions -
1 of the Commonwealth, should by precept one example. enoOuroge onﬁ
t atimulete the deveIOpment and growth of e profounﬂ veneretion for the
l. I low and obedience to its mandates. 5 ' ‘ V
l Respectfully submitted, , ,

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Aug. let, 1905.
Prof. Jas. K. Patterson,
Lexington, Ky. '
he‘ll 91333——
I am directed by the Governor to acknowleLge receipt of
your recent letter and to say he will be glad to see you any time
you may call. he will be out of tbwn for t‘e rest of this week
but will be at the Capitol all of next week unless his plans are
Changed. "
Very truly, '
édéﬂ ﬂ '
I l
‘ Secretary to the Governor.

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