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Kentucky Kernel

Wednesday. November 13, 1991

Vol. XCIV, No. 220

Established 1894

University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky

Independent since 1971

Schools, campuses deal with onset of virus

University medical centers
respond to AIDS scares

By DALE GREER
Managing Editor

When Kimberly Bergalis was di-
agnosed with AIDS in December
I989, health officials didn‘t know
what had gone wrong.

The Florida woman, then 2],
defied all the classic risk factors for
AIDS exposure. She never had used
intravenous drugs, never had a
blood transfusion and never had sex
with anyone.

But when it became apparent that
Bergalis and four others had been
infected with AIDS by a Florida
dentist, Dr. David Acer, the public
responded with shock and fear.
What once was considered highly
unlikely had become a deadly reali-
ty: A health—care worker had infect-
ed patients with the AIDS—causing
virus. HIV.

While the chances of such uans-
mission continue to be remote —
this is still the only documented
case —— the number of healthcare
workers with AIDS is growing.

According to federal Centers for
Disease Control, 6,782 healthcare
workers were infected wrtli AIDS as
of June 30. No one knows how fast
the problem is growing because the
agency only recently began tracking
it.

But this summer, UK and two
other universities began notifying
former patients that they may have
been exposed to HIV by interns and
residents who treated them at the
schools.

At the University of Cincinnati
College of Medicine, the school has
notified most of the 720 patients
who were treated by Dr. David Ho-
bart, a former UC resident in obstet—
rics and gynecology who died of
AIDS in 1989.

UC Medical Center is providing
free HIV tests to the patients, but
the results have not been released.
said Dr. Calvin Linnemann. hospital
epidemiologist.

Hobart, who had been a resident
at the school srnce I983. notified
hospital officials in 1987 that he
was infected with HIV. At the time.
he had no symptoms of full-blown
AIDS.

Officrals immediately restricted
him to “non-invasive procedures"

Chancellor

By CHRISTINE BOTTORFF
Staff Writer

The ”dean of freshman happi-
ness" spoke to about 200 UK stu-
dents yesterday afternoon.

John N. Gardner, University of
South Carolina assocrate vice pro~
vost for regional campuses and con-
tinuing education, was given the
nickname by The New York Times
in 1988.

Gardner is proud of the title and
also refers to himself as an “advo
cate for freshmen." He has been
speaking on the fiesliiiiaii expcii
ence for almost 20 years.

CORRECTION

An article in yesterday‘s
Kentucky Kernel should have
said that UK officials are
planning to hold a forum on
AIDS Monday from 10 am.
to noon in the Student Center
Theater.

Also. infomiation that ap-
peared in yesterday's UK To;
day box was wrong, UK's
Allied Retail Promotion class
is holding a luncheon/fashion
show today at the Lafayette
Club. The luncheon begins at
noon with the show will im-
mcdiately proceeding.

 

 

 

 

n, epde ' i

—- those that do not involve surgery
or exposure to a patient’s blood or
body secretions, Linnemann said.
The hospital, however, did not be-
gin notifying patients about Hobart
until this Iune w a decision that re-
sulted in some public criticism in
Cincinnati, said Dr. Thomas Zuck,
professor of transfusion medicine at
UC and member of a new local
commission on AIDS.

UC initially decided not to in-
form the patients because, at the
time, no cases of transmission from
doctor to patient had been docu-
mented and because no evidence
suggested that Hobart had been
“sloppy" with sterilization proce-
dures, Zuck said.

”We didn't think
risk," he said.

But after the Bergalis case, UC
offiCials decided to rethink their de-
cision and began notifying patients.

”Dentists could infect people."
Zuck said ”Maybe Dr Hobart
could as well."

At UK this summer. College of
Dentistry offiCials informed 49 pa-
tients that they had been treated by
a former student who may be in»
fected with AIDS.

Dr. Ronal Marasco. who treated
the patients at a school clinic be-
tween 1985 and ‘89, had his license
to practice dentistry suspended by
the Georgia Board of Dentistry in
July after a report that he has AIDS.

I‘K College of Dentistry Dean
Dr. David Nash said it isn't known
if Marasco, who now lives in Geor-
gia, has AIDS or is infected with
HIV. But Nash said UK decided to
notify the patients to “allay their ap—
prehension.”

To date. none of the 43 tested for
HIV has been found to be infected,

“there is a level of concem today
about the HIV epidemic and we felt
that some of the patients may be ap-
prehensive." Nash said. “There is
no scientific basis to that, but we

See HIV, Page 2

there was a

Held in the Student Center Small
Ballroom. his lecture. ”Managing
the Masses: Successful Freshman
Programs." outlined the major
problems students face during their
first year of college.

Because universities like UK are
so large, he said, the curriculum for
different degree programs vary
greatly. Students “lack a common
experience," he said.

Other than basketball games and
“searching for parking spaces,"
freshmen do not have a “sense of
tortiinuiiity on campus "

Every year, classes of entering
freshmen have grown more cultur
rally diverse, he said, but faculty
and staff are still predominantly
white males. “You can learn better
from people who are similar to
you,” he said.

Also, he said. in research
oriented universities such as UK.
“faculty are not gclung proper in»
cenuves to inyest time in teaching
students.“

Large lecture hall classes, foreign
teaching assistants who lack suffi-
cient English skills and abuse of
freshman athletes were other prob
lcms that (iardncr LllCtl.

As a result of those factors, he
said, "One-third of all students who
enter into American iiiiiycrsitics
and colleges do not return to the
same institution the following
term,“

I’HOIO ILLUSYRATION 8V MCHAEI. (It? VE NC? ‘3

UK College of Dentistry ottICIals informed 49 students that t‘iey had been treated by a f; mu.» ext-:ms

who may be infected with AIDS. Other US universmes have trad Slmllaf ocuirences

details dangers of freshman year

GREG EANS Kemo‘ S'a“

John N. Gardner. 3 Universny of South Carolina le8 :hancettor
spoke about the ditticulties of freshman year yesterday,

He suggested about 30 items that
would eliminate these problems and
lead to a model freshman year.

lmplciiicntiiig special programs to
uairi teathiiig assistants, giving
freshmen an effective introduction
to the campus library and offering
courses in residcncc halls to create a
sense of community were among
(iardricr‘s proposals.

He also stressed the iiiiportantc
of campus suppon systems, such as

writing. .idyisiiig and tutoring pro
grams. “All first year students, on a
mandatory basis, should receive t .i
rcci plaiiiiirig," he said.

l‘ft‘slllllitll \Clllllltffx and extended
lrcshmaii orientation toiirscs
should be itianilator}, he said.

tiarilricr said the health of llt‘\il
riiaii stiidcnts also should be looked
l'iiiyi'rsitics should ltclp \ltf
iiiipioye lllt‘ll lllt‘\l)lt‘, so ll

See FRESHMEN, Page 3

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Condom
distribution

in schools
debated

By CHRIS TORCHIA

. , , r ,
Ass): ates r"F: is

\Iagic Johnson's pledge to “an“
children about AIDS has drawn at,»
plausc. and wariiic‘ss among
that condom distributions Ilt trial:
schools could stall the riicssagc it
lighting the tlt‘utll) illsr'a .t .nilf‘;
safe sexual pfdtllcc‘.

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cttharigc in the fourth grade " :Jld
schools Sut’lcriiiicfitlt‘l‘! Pctcr lire‘cr
of Chelsea. rictir lsmtim
condom distribution Ix being Luft-
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Foreign students
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By JULIE FAlN

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See CLUB. L‘age :\

 

 

SPORTS

 

UK TODAY

 

 

INDEX

 

Column, Page 3.

 

Curry address critics of the football pro-
gram during weekly press conference.

 

UKANS (University of Kentucky Associa-

tion of Non-traditional Students) is meeting
at 5:30 pm. in 111 Student Center.

“Billy Bathgate“

hard to recommend

to moviegoers.
Review, Page 5.

L

Sports.
DiverSions.
Viewpomt.

Classifieds.
t

 

J.

v

 

 

 2 -— Kentucky Kernel, Wednesday, November 13, 1991

HIV

Continued from page 1

don‘t respond to issues with sci-
ence, we respond with feelings."

Nonhwestem University Dental
School in Chicago also has notified
fonner patients who could have
been exposed to HIV in a school
clinic.

School officials declined to be in-
terviewed, but a spokesman said
Northwestem began notifying 125
patients in July that they had been
treated by a dental student infected
with HIV.

Northwestern also is providing
free HIV tests, but the results have
not been released.

The dental student, who has not
been identified, informed school of-
ficials that he was can’ying the
AIDS virus July 12 and was re-
moved from clinical duties the
same date, the spokesman said.

Officials at all three schmls say
the risk of transmitting HIV from a
health-care worker to a patient is
extremely low. and all three schools
follow strict sterilization guidelines.
They also adhere to federal “univer—
sal precautions," which call for the
use of gloves and protective bar-
riers.

The CDC says a patient‘s chance
of contracting the virus from a
health-care worker is between one
in 41.667 and one in 2.6 million.

The risk analysis range is so
broad because a patient‘s chances
of contracting the virus vary ac-
cording to several factors, including
the kind of health care received and
\\ hcther it involves invasive or non-
invasive procedures. GDC spokes-
man Chuck Fallis said,

Despite the low risk, some pa-
tients remain concerned about their
safety, Nash concedes.

“There are thousands of health-
care workers that are infected with
HIV. In people‘s minds, that's a
problem. People are going to be
concerned about the problem, but I
have a number of irrational fears
myself.

“And it is an irrational fear. As
long as health-care providers —»
dentists particularly — take precau-

tions like the sterilization of equip
ment and follow universal precau-
tions, the risks are infinitesinially
small."

Wayne Anderkin, a mechanical
engineering junior at UK, said the
news reports about Marasco scared
him, but he doesn't think UK's den—
tal clinic residents pose a health
hazard because they are careful to
follow universal precautions.

“It startled me a little, but I
wasn‘t too worried," said Anderkin,
who has received dental care at the
UK clinic since about May. “The
dentists wear rubber gloves and
masks, and they give you goggles
to wear."

Anderkin, however, said he
would go to a different dentist if he
disc0vered that the. one caring for
him was infected with HIV.

“The risk might be low that
something might happen," Ander-
kin said. “But still, there is a n'sk.“

For the most part, all thice
schools have received praise from
the public for the manner in which
they handled their cases, school of-
ficials said.

And so far, the incidents seem to
have had no ill effect on the reputa-
tion of the schools: There doesn’t
seem to be a decline in the number
of people attending the clinics or re-
ceiving treatment.

In fact, Nash said the number of
patients attending UK's dental clin-
ic is “considerably up this year."

“Patients know that the College
of Dentistry is the safest place they
can receive dental care because we
are a public institution and we fols
low all the CDC . guidelines."
Nash said.

While the AIDS scare doesn‘t
seem to be affecting the number of
patients who seek care at the
schools, UK dental students say the
disease forever has changed the na-
ture of doctor-patient relationships.

Doctors and dentists now exam—
ine patients while wearing the mod-
em-day equivalent of body armor
— gowns, masks, gloves, goggles.

These physical barriers. designed
to protect the patient as well as the
health-care worker, can become a
real psychological barrier between
doctor or dentist and patient. the

US. Health Care Workers
reported with AIDS*

 

physicians

g Demal Workers

 

 

Health Aids

3
Technicians

Therapists
Paramedics

 

 

' as of June 30, 1991

SOURCE: Centers tor Disease Control

 

 

studean say.

“Now, patients expect you to
wear gloves — You don't put an
ungloved hand in a patients mouth
today because you‘re protecting the
patient," said Jeff McClain, a den-
tistry senior.

“But the more barriers you put
up, the more you are taking out the
personal clement. It‘s like, ‘I want
to protect you, but I’d like to be
personal too.’ It‘s really hard to be
both.

“All the patient sees is your eyes
behind the glasses."

Dentistry senior Kathrine Greene
said this is especially hard for chil-
dren because the protective equip—
ment scares them.

“I try to talk to them," Greene
said. “I’ll tell them I’m putting on
my mask and some of them will
want to know why, and I try to ex-
plain it to them."

She said the clinic lets children
wear sunglasses to protect their
eyes because it‘s less frightening
than having them wear goggles.

“We say we don‘t want Mr. Sun
—— the shining light — to bother
their eyes. That‘s a way to get them
to wear the glasses and they think
they‘re really special being able to

IVRONE JOHNSTON! Kernel Stall
wear them."

This changing relationship be-
tween doctor and patient, coupled
with the ever-present threat of
AIDS , makes it “an unsure time to
be a dentist," Greene said.

But the satisfaction she receives
from her career, she said, far out-
weighs the hazards of caring for pa-
tients in the 1990s.

Zuck said this is a common feel-
ing among health-care workers. He
doesn’t think the spread of AIDS
will discourage doctors from caring
for HIV-infected patients or discou-
rage students from pursuing health-
carc fields, despite the dangers of
contracting HIV from patients.

According to the CDC, at least
40 health—care workers have con-
tracted HIV from patients while on
the job.

“I think we took an oath to care
for the wounded and sick and ill,
and (AIDS patients) are wounded
and sick and ill," Zuck said.

“You know, I‘m scared shitless
by this virus just like everyone else,
but if we take universal precau-
tions, if we are careful, if we modi-
fy what we do to maximize safety,
the risks of my getting infected
are really quite small."

 

Freshmen

Continued from page 1
nothing else. they live longer." he

said.

Gardner hopes that his model
freshman program will create stu-
dents who are successful “academi-
cally, personally, socially, physical-
ly and spiritually." he said.

“Your University —— you should
be proud of this — is already domg

a great number of these things,"
Gardner said. He cited UK’s fresh-
man orientation coursc, UK 101, as
just one of the University‘s accom-
plishments.

“I‘m very optimistic about what I
think will be future developments

 

 

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Apple Macintosh has something
we would like to show you...
The most powerful group of
Macintosh computers ever.

On Thursday, November 14 between
the hours of 1 :00 p.m. and 3:00 p.m.
in room 245 of the old student center.
Apple representatives will provide you with
all the information to prove that the new
Macintosh systems are the best yet.

Information will be provided on the following systems:
Macintosh Classic II
Macintosh PowerBook 100
Macintosh PowerBook I40
Macintosh PowerBook I 70
Macintosh Quadra 700
Macintosh Quadra 900

Sponsored by UK P.C. Sales
Room 107 Old Student Center

here,“ he added.

Eric Chiu, an accounting junior,
has taken UK 101 and thinks that it
could still be improved. “It's a real
brief class," he said.

Chiu said more incentives should
be offered for taking the course be—
cause it is only worth one credit
hour.

Joanne Beidlcman, administrative
assistant at the office of Undergrad
uate Studies, said UK 101 was
modeled after a similar course at
the University of South Carolina
that Gardner developed.

Gardner‘s Visit was sponsored by
the Teaching and Learning Center,
the Office of Undergraduate Studies
and the vice chancellor for Student
Affairs.

Answers to common
questions about AIDS

Counseling and testing for HIV,
the virus that causes AIDS, is avail-
able at all county health depart-
ments and through private physi-
cians and the Student Health
Service.

Unfortunately. these tests are not
widely known and people who
ought to be tested because of past
behavior are not accessing services.
Too often they are confused or mis-
informed about the testing and
counseling procedures and therefore
avoid the issues.

The following are commonly
asked questions about HIV testing:

What tests are available for
HIV?

Two blood tests, the ELISA and
the Western Blot, are used to test
for HIV. These tests have been
available for several years and are
now considered 99.5 percent accu~
rate.

Who should be tested?

Any person who has engaged in
unprotected homosexual or hetero—
sexual intercoursc, who has shared
hypodermic needles with other peo—
ple, who received a blood transfu-
sion before 1983 or anyone who has
had sex with a person who has done
the above things ought to consider
testing.

What is the difference between
"confidential" and “anonymous"
testing?

A confidential test is one where a
name and other identifying informa-
tion is attached to the sample. The
results are often entered into a med-
ical record. Most private physicians
and the Student Health Servicc'offer
confidential testing. Anonymous
tests have no identifying informa-
tion attached. A person can simply
come to a counseling and testing
site a county health depanmcnt) and
ask to be tested.

What kind
done?

Information on the virus, AIDS,
preventative behavior and safer scx~
ual practices is provided. The per-
son being testcd is asked to asses
their risk so a determination can be
done as to their need to be tested.

When the results of the test are re‘
turned the counselor then reviews
them and explains their meaning to
the person being tested.

of counseling is

 

Forthe
HEALTH OF IT

What’s the difference between
a positive and a negative test?

This gets a bit confusing, but re-
member that a negative test result
means that no HIV antibodies were
found at the time of testing. It may
not mean that the person is actually
negative for the virus since there is
a period of six to 12 weeks after in-
fection when the body has not yet
produced the antibodies of HIV. If
there is any doubt it may be sug-
gested that the person refrain from
high risk behavior for about 90 days
and then be retested.

A negative test is not a license to
continue with high-risk behavior. It
should be instead, an opportunity to
make resolutions to reduce risk and
thus avoid infection.

A positive test means that anti-
bodies were found and that the per-
son will need further evaluation,
and possibly treatment from a phy-
sician. A positive test will not pre-
dict when the person will progress
into AIDS and it cannot tell when
the infection took place.

What action should be taken af-
ter a positive test?

A positive test simply means that
a person has the virus in their bodv
and is infectious to others. New
treatments are now available that
will delay the onset of HIV-related
illnesses.

Positive changes in lifestyle can
funher delay the progression to
AIDS. Diet, exercise and changing
the use of drugs or alcohol all can
help the person's immune system
be as strong as it can be.

A final word: AIDS is a concem
for any sexually active person.
Since there is as of yet no cure,
prevention is the only sure method
of stopping the spread of the virus.

Russ Williams is the Substance
Abuse/AIDS Educator for Human
Resource Development. For more
information on HIV testing. call the
Fayette County Health Department
at 288-AIDS or Student Health at
233-6465.

 

AIDS

Continued from page 1

“That’s like saying making glass-
es available encourages alcohol-
ism," said Tom McNaught. spokes
man for the state AIDS Action
Committee. “The mayor should
know better."

A recent study by the federal
Centers for Disease Control report,
ed that 57 percent of all US. high
schoolcrs said they have had sex.

“Kids are going to talk ab0ut
more than just abstinence.“ said
Paul Palmer of the National Federa-
tion of State High School Associa~
tions. “Kids are going to be kids re—
gardless of what adults do "

Palmer is director of an AIDS
prevention program that uses laser
video discs to encourage 13- to 15-
ycar-olds to say no to sex. Talk of
condoms would be secondary to the
emphasis on abstinence.

“Most tcen-agers are gomg to
make their own decisions, no matter
what message you send out."

 

 

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Media owe Cats

better deal: fair,
original coverage

All the rhetoric had been deliv-
ered to the press.

Writers moved about Wildcat
Den in search of particular UK
players.

Bill Curry finished talking about
his team’s sixth loss and the seem-
ingly impossible mk ahead in tak-
ing on the Florida Gators, but be-
fore he slipped out of the room. a
reporter caught him for a casual
chat

One writer and the coach. Then a
television guy. Then me.

I was the third to arrive in the
comer of the den. 1 was not the last.

A small gathering developed.

A couple more writers. A radio
guy. All crammed into the corner.

The talk remained serious for a
while. only a few chuckles here and
there. The kind of chuckles that be-
come inevitable when Curry tells
one of his anecdotes. This particular
tale concerned his tenure at Georgia
Tech.

It was not a story of the glory
days either.

Curry won only two games in his
first two seasons at Tech. He sim—
ply did not have the horses to win
against the kind of competition he
faced. His biggest defensive player
was smaller than the cross-state ri.
val’s tailback. Sound familiar?

But Curry’s situation at Tech
proved much worse than UK.

“I spent an awful lot of time beg—
ging and fund raising and trying to
salvage the (athletic) association,"
Curry said. “ . We had no facili-
ties. When we recruited, we could
not show them the locker room be-
cause it looked like one of those
bastille dungeons.“

“l‘m serious now.
ing."

Something had to happen.

“What we did is we took pictures
of it and took them around the
Georgia Tech Alumni Club. They
were so embarrassed that we raised
the money and built a fabulous fa»
cility."

Curry built the program at Tech
from scratch and in 1985 he took
the Yellow Jackets to the All-
American Bowl with a 9-2-1
record. But the years leading up to
his Tech success are the ones that
hurt him.

I‘m not jok-

 

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to Beef

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Kernel

 

 

 

 

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“Your first time through it un-

glues you,” Curry said. “It unglued
me, and I had been around the NFL
and college football all my life."

“But I’d never been a head coach.
so the first time through I didn't un—
derstand the criticism. I understood
the fact that when you lose they
were gonna say that's bad. That
never bothered me. But I didn’t un-
derstand some of the stuff people
just said. I thought it was unfair

When Curry took over at Tech,
he polled his athletes about their
reasons for attending Georgia Tech.
A majority said they came to Tech
because no other schools offered
them scholarships. A resounding
majority.

Ninety-two percent,

He faces a similar situation at UK
with the Lexrngton media. In his
second season, UK is 3-6 and star-
ing down the barrel of a 3~8 season
with games against Florida and
Tennessee remaining. They have
not and probably will not win an
SEC game this year.

Like Tech, Curry does not have
the horses to wrn in the SEC. Not
yet. Not all of them anyway. Some
of the pieces are there. Pookie
Jones. Damon Hood and a host of
talented young freshmen are the
seeds of a developing program.
Curry has planted the seeds, but

 

 

UK tailback Carlos Collins is one of the pieces in the UK football program puzzle hoot now Coac n 81!! Cure; knows he a:
shy of attainlng UK's goal of an SEC championship in the near future if he can 3."

few people are giving him a chance
to let them grow

The criticism is already surfac~
mg. The same criticism he faced in
Atlanta.

Reporters second-guess his deci-
sions.

Columnists degrade the program.
The quick fix they thought UK was
getting in Curry is not quick enough
for them.

One writer said (furry “has no
clue." That was two weeks ago.

' “we.

“The truth is always something a
little different every year 111 every
situation” Curry said.

Unfortunately. the stories are not

“That's what you write when this-
happens," Curry said. “There's an-
other time in which you're sup—
posed to write ‘hack to the basics‘
There's another time that you're
supposed to call for an evaluation
of the program."

“And then there‘s a time when
you‘re supposed to give up and say

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The conversation had been a Iver

one with a crowd gathering ”~17!

::\v‘»lr‘V \Ctlf 1'11;
iwii fth'

Kentucky Kernel, Wednesday, November 13. 1991 - 3

 

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Lectures O

 

  
 

  
  
  

    
 
    
   
   
     
       
         
     
     
       
   
     
   
 
   
    
  
  
   
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
   
     
    
   
  

  

4 - Kentucky Kernel, Wednesday, November 13, 1991

 

 

The color of money
Hollywood begins to feel economic crunch

By GREG LASER
Stat? CHIJC

Earlier this year, Disney Presrdent
Jeffrey Katzenberg took a great deal
of criuusm for hrs infamous budget-
cutting memorandum, which some
how was leaked to the press.

In the memo. Kat/.enberg claimed
film salaries were too high and the
industry could no longer profit if
costs were not cut.

Although other studios scoffed at
what they perceived as the weaken-
ing legs of the so~called “Mighty
Mouse of Film." they now are Sing-
ing a song Similar to Kauenberg‘s.

For the first time in history. the
economic crunch has hit Holly-
wood. Even the Great Depression of
the 1930s left the entertainment in-
dustry relatively unscathed, but the
recession of the '00s has eyeryone
tightening their belts,

Studios claim that big-star salaries
have cut into their protiis irernen~
dously The likes of Arnold
Schwarzenegger no longer are saris
tied with percentages ot a film's
gross receipts as they were just a
few years ago. For ”Terminator 2:
Judgment Day." Schwarzenegger
demanded additional payment in. the
form of a VlL‘l.

E\en niovie~niogul Steyen Spiel»
berg. the ORC~IImC wander/emit of
Hollywood. is not exempt front the
budget crunch. On the set of his
eyer—budget Christmas release epic.
“Hook." costs now are watched
more carefully. For the first time
since his debut smash, “Jaws."

SCORSESE

Spielberg has been plagued wrth
J’Jfllpl‘dlnb from the studio about
.‘rs excessixe spending.

People may wonder what this all
means tor everyday moviegoers“ It
may mean that the days of “Bar-
man"-style r