xt7k3j391q8m https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt7k3j391q8m/data/mets.xml   Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station. 1972 journals 204 English Lexington : Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Kentucky Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station Progress report (Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station) n.204 text Progress report (Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station) n.204 1972 2014 true xt7k3j391q8m section xt7k3j391q8m - -.B.EGL1am;1 CHARLES TUTT
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Dollege of Agriculture
Agricultural Experiment Station
Department of Agronomy
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2

 Kentucky Soybean Performance
Tests—l972
- By D. B. Egli and Charles Tutt
The objective of the Kentucky Soybean Performance
Tests is to provide an estimate of the relative performance of
soybean varieties in Kentucky. This information may be used
r by growers and seedsmen in selecting the variety that will give
the highest total production for a specific situation. Experi-
mental strains of soybeans provided by the U. S. Regional Soy-
bean Laboratory are also tested at several locations in Ken-
tucky.
EXPERIMENTAL METHODS
Soybean tests in 1972 were conducted at six locations
A in the major soybean-producing areas of the state and at
Lexington. The testing locations, soil types, planting date and
row width are shown on the opposite page. Each variety was
P planted in three plots (replications} at all locations, with
individual plots being 4 rows wide and 20 feet long. Individual
plots at the Hartford, Paducah, Murray and Lexington locations
were 3 rows wide and 20 feet long. The seeding rate was
approximately 10 viable seed per foot of row.
Yield
A 16-foot section from each of tne center rows was
harvested for yield. Plants were cut by hand and threshed with a
small nursery thresher. All branches and lodged plants were
 _ harvested from each plot. The yield of the varieties is reported
as bushels per acre at 13% moisture.
Lodging
Lodging was rated on a scale of 1 to 5; 1 = almost all
_ plants erect; 2 = all plants over slightly or a few clown; 3 = all
I 3

 plants over moderately or 25% down; 4 = all plants over con- .
siderably or 50-80% down; 5 = all plants over badly.
Maturity Date
This is the date when the pods are dry and most of the ‘
leaves have dropped. Stems are also dry, under most conditions.
Maturity may also be expressed as days earlier (-) or later (+)
than that of a standard variety. Maturity dates were not record-
ed at all locations.
Height
Plant height was measured in inches from the soil
surface to the tip of the main stem. ·
INTERPRETATION
An important step to profitable soybean production is _
to select good seed of the best variety. The Kentucky Soybean
Performance Tests are conducted to provide information useful .
in making this selection.
Performance of soybean varieties is affected by many i
factors including season, location, soil type, and time of plant-
ing. A particular soybean variety is adapted for full-season
growth in a band approximately 100 miles wide from north to
south. Thus, the best variety in northern Kentucky may not be
the best in southern areas. For this reason the Kentucky Soy-
bean Performance Tests are conducted at several locations in
the major soybean-producing areas of the state. Data from the
location nearest to a particular soybean grower’s farm probably
provide the best estimate of the potential of the soybean i
varieties in that area.
Performance of the varieties will vary from year to year. ~
The average performance of a variety over a period of years
provides a better estimate of its potential than its perfonnanee
in a particular year.
  `

 Small differences in yield are usually of little impor-
tance. The yield of two varieties at a single location may differ
because of chance factors (difference in soil characteristics,
_ fertility, or availability of moisture) even though the inherent
yielding ability is the same. To decide if an observed yield
1 difference is real, use the LSD (least significant difference) value
quoted at the bottom of the tables. If the difference in yield is
greater than the LSD value, you may be reasonably certain that
the entries actually do differ in yielding ability.
RECOMMENDED VARIETIES
The soybean varieties recommended by the Kentucky
Agricultural Experiment Station for use in Kentucky are listed
* in Table 1. These varieties have been tested for a minimum of 3
years in Kentucky and have been shown to be superior in yield
_ and other agronomic characteristics. Varieties not on the recom-
‘ mended list are included in the tests to evaluate their potential,
and some may eventually be added to the recommended list.
Table 1 also lists the characteristics and disease reactions of the
recommended varieties.
Variety Adaptation
Early-maturing varieties, such as Wayne, Calland and
Clark 63 are best adapted in areas of Western Kentucky north
of the Western Kentucky Parkway. Late-maturing varieties, such
- as Dare, York, and Hood, are best adapted in areas south of the
West Kentucky Parkway. Mid-season varieties, such as Cutler,
Cutler 71, Custer and Kent, can be successfully grown in most
areas in Western Kentucky.
New Varieties
Several new varieties were included in the tests in 1972.
Since these varieties were only recently released, seed supplies
will be limited for several years.
Williams: Williams was developed at the University of
 _ Illinois and released july 20, 197]. Williams is of Group lll
5

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6 .

 ' maturity, averaging a day later than Calland and 6 to 7 days
earlier than Cutler 71. It is resistant to bacterial pustule, highly
_ l susceptible to downy mildew, and moderately susceptible to
Phytophthora root-rot. Williams has white flowers and brown
, pubescence.
Bonus: Bonus was developed at Purdue University and
released Aug. 1, 1971. Bonus is of Group 1V maturity and
matures approximately 7 days earlier than Kent and 2 days
earlier than Cutler 71, is resistant to Phytophthora root-rot and
‘ has a slightly higher protein content than Cutler 71. Bonus has
. purple flowers and gray pubescence.
Essex: Essex was developed at the Virginia Agricultural
Experiment Station and released on August 1, 1972. Essex
matures approximately 3 to 5 days earlier than York and Dare.
It is resistant to bacterial pustule, several races of downy-
mildew, frogeye leafspot, moderately resistant to Phytophthora
root-rot, and has good resistance to purple seed stain disease.
· ` Essex has purple flowers and gray pubescence.
Forrest: Forrest was developed by the 'USDA at Stone-
ville, Mississippi and released Sept. 15, 1972. It is similar to
Dare in maturity and is resistant to races 1 and 3 of the soybean
cyst nematode. Forrest is also resistant to the root-knot nema-
tode and has moderate resistance to Phytophthora root-rot. It
` has white flowers and brown pubescence.
Several varieties developed by commercial companies
and marketed in Kentucky were included in 1972 tests. The
SRF varieties (SRF-307, SRF-400, and SRF—450) were devel-
oped bv the Soybean Research Foundation, Mason City, lll.
_ The Seedmakers varieties (SM—1E, SM-2E, and SM-263G) were
developed by Seedmakers, Inc., Princeton, Ill.
Soybean Cyst Nematode Tests
The tests located at Paducah and Murray (Table 7) were
. planted in areas known to be infested with the soybean cyst
nematode. These tests included resistant and susceptible varie-
ties. The soybean cyst nematode (Heterodcra glycines lchinoge)
attacks soybean roots, reducing root growth and, thereby,
reducing uptake of water and nutrients. Infected plants are
yellow, stunted, and_low in yield. If fields are known to be
7

 infected with this pest, varieties resistant to the cyst nematode `
should be grown. The cyst nematode can be spread in soil from
the infected area. Consequently, equipment and machinery
should be carefully cleaned when moving from infected to 4
non—infected fields. q
The resistant varieties that are currently available are
resistant only to Race 3 of the soybean cyst nematode. Race 4
of the nematode has been identified in Kentucky and, at the
presnt time, the only available means of controlling this race of
the nematode is by rotation of soybeans with non-susceptible
crops, such as corn or sorghum.
Certified Seed ·
Always plant high quality seed of recommended varie-
ties. Certified soybean seed is a reliable source of good seed.
Certified seed has passed rigid field and laboratory standards for
genetic identity and purity of a variety. Certified soybean seed
also has good germination and freedom from noxious weed seed
and other crop seed. The Experiment Station recommends that
Kentucky certified seed be used whenever possible for growing
a commercial crop of soybeans.
S .

 D Table 2. Henderson, Kentucky
 
. Yield (Bu/A) U 1/
yariegy 1970-Z2 1971-72 1972 odging Heighqin.)-
Wayne 49.3 50.3 55.6 3.0 43
SRF-307 -- 47.6 55.0 3.5 49
1 Seedmakers l-E -- -— 50.1 4.2 50
Seedmakers 2-E -- -- 48.9 4.3 44
Calland 52.7 52.6 57.3 2.3 49
Clark 63 46.9 45.1 44.9 3.3 50
SRF-400 -- 47.8 54.9 4.0 54
Cutler 71 -- 51.4 59.1 3.0 50
Seedmakers 263G -- -- 47.6 3.5 49
Kent 50.5 48.3 48.6 3.0 48
SRF-450 —- 50.8 52.8 4.3 54
Columbus -- 44.1 44.9 4.2 49
Essex -- -- 58.8 3.2 39
Mack —- 45.3 51.9 4.0 47
Forrest -- -- 49.5 4.5 46
Dare 49.3 47.8 40.7 4.3 42
York 48.6 42.7 38.4 3.3 45
. I Mean 49.6 47.8 50.9
LSD (.05) 12.0 Bu/A
 
1/ 1972 data rmly.
Table 3. 1·1arti’0rd, Kentucky
_  
Yield (Bu/A) I/. U
Variety 1970-72 1971-72 1972 Lr>d;:_in;;— 11uig;hL(in.)—-
SRF-307 -- -- 28.6 2.5 31
Seedrnakers 1-E -- —— 24.2 1.0 31
Seedmakcrs 2-E -- -- 26.5 1.3 27
Callnnd 36.6 30.6 25.6 1.0 30
Clark 63 36.3 32.3 29.9 1.0 33
SRF-400 -— 34.0 33.4 1.8 36
Cutler 71 -- -- 24.2 1.0 34
Seedmakcrs 263G -- -- 28.9 1.8 32
Kent 37.7 36.5 34.3 1.0 34
SRF-450 -- - 37.5 1.0 32
l Columbus -- 35.9 28.7 2.8 36
Dare 41.7 41.3 43.3 2.0 30
· York 40.2 40.6 40.6 2.5 33
I-1&·an 38.5 35.9 31.2
LSD (.05) 7.1 liu/A
 
  1972.dret2 ».>n1j.·.
9

 Table 4. Princeton, Kentucky
Yield (Bu/A) U U U
Variet 1970-72 1971-72 1972 Maturir Lcdgin Heighc(in.)—
Y Y" S'
Wayne 47.8 49.3 50.2 9/8 1.3 38
Seedmakers 1-E -— -- 50.7 9/7 4.7 40  
Seedmakcrs 2-E —- —- 50.1 9/11 2.3 37
Calland -- 54.7 55.1 9/12 1.7 44
Clark 63 50.2 51.0 52.3 9/18 1.7 43
SRF-400 -— 49.2 52.8 9/18 1.3 43
Williams -- -- 57.5 9/14 1.0 41
Cutler 52.1 54.6 55.1 9/18 1.0 46
Cutler 71 -- 54.2 53.6 9/18 2.0 47
Seedmakers 263G --· -- 54.6 9/18 1.3 42
Bonus -- -- 54.7 9/16 1.3 46
Kent 50.7 49.9 46.9 9/24 1.0 43
SRF~450 —- 46.6 43.8 9/24 2.0 42 `
Columbus -- 45.5 49.2 9/27 1.0 50 -
Forrest *· —- 47.8 10/15 2.7 47
Dare 43.8 44.2 47.6 10/7 3.0 43
York 46.5 45.6 45.8 10/8 1.3 42
ll00d 43.9 43.4 41.4 10/13 2.3 44
Mean 47.9 49.0 50.5
LSD (.05) 6.5 Bu/A
1/ 1972 clara only.
Table 5. Cllntcn, Kentucky
Yield (Bu/A) 1/
l ynrluuv 1970-72 1971-72 1972 L0r1<·1ng·— HCjgb;(_j¤ )i/
Clark 63 36.8 36.3 50.17/ 2.7 41
Cutler 71 -- 38.6 52.1·§ 2.5 42
s.~.·.1m1m·5 zur; -- -- 1.6.e;/ 3·> 4M
Kent 36.2 34.8 42.3,7/ 2.0 38
Cwlumluns -- 38.2 47.8;/ 2-5 45
Essex -- -— 55.1 1.7 35
`{urk 37.5 34.9 38.6v/, 2.3 37
P1rkeLt 71 -- 35.1 42.6; 5.0 36
Flcrm 36.8 35.9 46.*7*
1 1**73 .1.1h:n only.
i }1»J.1n nl, only tcm repllentiuns.
10

 I
Table 6. Lexington, Kentucky 1972
l Variety Yield (Bu/A) Maturity Lodging Height(in.)
Wayne 37.1 9/20 1.5 37
SRF—307 48.6 9/20 2.3 40
Seedmakers 1-E 40.0 9/20 1.8 40
Seedmakers 2-E 41.5 9/20 2.2 39
Calland 52.8 9/20 1.2 42
Clark 63 37.3 9/25 2.3 42
SRF-400 40.2 10/5 3.0 44
williams 47.2 9/25 1.2 40
Cutler 41.0 9/30 2.0 41
’ Cutler 71 39.2 9/20 2.2 44
Seedmakers 263G 41.0 9/30 2.2 40
Bonus 49.8 9/30 1.7 47
Kent 37.1 10/5 2.0 43
» SRF-450 38.5 10/5 1.7 46
Columbus 35.1 10/5 2.8 47
Essex 51.8 1/ 2.7 42
Dare 43.8 1/ 3.8 46
· Mean 42.5
' LSD (.05) 9.1 Bu/A
1/ Frost occurred before plants matured.
Table 7. Soybean Cyst Nematode Studies, 1972
Yield (Bu/Acre)
Variety Nematode Reaction Murray;/I Paducah Mean
_ _1/ ,. .
Custer Res- 23.8 17.7 20.8
Kent $1152/ 3.0 7.5 5.2
Mack Res 20.3 23.1 21.7
Forrest Res 20.7 20.5 20.6
Ymrk Sus 8.9 9.3 9.1
Pickett 71 Res 27.4 24.9 26.2
Lee 68 Sus 13.3 11.6 12.4
Mean 10.8 16.4 111.6
1/ Varieties designated Res are resistant to Race 3 uf Clue soybean
cyst nematode. These varieties are net resistant to Race 4 of
the nematode, which has been fuund in Kentucky. Tin.- only
practical means 017 ccntrcwllingx Race 4 is t1»rr¤u,;11 trnp rotations.
1/ Susceptible to the s<;¤;.·bean cyst nematode.
1/ Planted after wheat on June 23.
11

 Table 8. USDA Regional Uniform Tests, 1971-72.
 
Yie1d(Bu/A)' U 1 7
Variety 1971-72 1972 Maturity.- Lodging,.] Heightl/
Maturity Group III, Henderson, Ky. 2/
Wayne @6.9 @9.@ 2.7 @8
Ca11and @9.0 50.0 2.8 52
williams 53.7 56.9 3.3 @9
Mean @9.9 52.1
Maturity Group IV, Henderson, Ky..%/
Kent @@.2 38.3 3.3 50
Cutler 71 @8.7 57.1 2.8 52
Bonus @B.@ 50.0 2.0 53
Mean @7.1 @8.5
Maturity Group V, Princeton, Ky. _
._ Hill @3.0 @0.72/ 10/3 1.3 32 `
Essex 5@.7 55.6 10/7 1.0 37 ‘
Mack @8.1 @8.53/ 10/9 2.7 @@
Dare @3.@ @1.9- 10/11 2.0 39
Forrest @3.5 50.9 10/12 1.3 @2
Mean @6.5 @7.5
 
1/ 1972 Data Only.
2/ Maturity Group III and Group IV are separate tests at the same
location, and c0nsequent1y, comparisons between tests are not valid.
3/ Yields averaged across only two replieations.
12M--1-73 .
12