xt7kpr7mqd6w https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt7kpr7mqd6w/data/mets.xml Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station 1962  journals  English Lexington, Ky Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station Kentucky farm and home science, vol. 8 No. 1 winter 1962 text Kentucky farm and home science, vol. 8 No. 1 winter 1962 1962 2012 true xt7kpr7mqd6w section xt7kpr7mqd6w 2 V ` `
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Vol. 8, No. 1 ......................... Winter 1962 t.
A report of progress published quarterly by the Agricultural Experiment Station,
University of Kentucky, Lexington
KENTUCKY AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT Material appearing in this publication may be re-  
STATION produced without further permission, provided that .;!t_ 
FRANK ]. WELCII ............................ Director (on leave) {nu neknnwledgrnent is made of the Source and that
Q;/.VHi;‘]’éh:RI;;G§Jl;"Y ''''’'''''''''''' _ ‘''''’''''`'' 33 $5;;:;; $$15225); no change in headings or text is made without approval
]. ALLAN Smrrn .................... : ............. Agricultural Editor by the n“tn°r· · ,
Kentucky Farm and Home Science l Address correspondence about articles in this pub- Ft
JOSEPH C DUNCAN V Editor lication to either the authors or the Department of y' ,
Louise B()S\VELI, AND SARA IIAGAN .... Assistant Editors Public I¤f<>rm¤*i<>¤ and Educational Aids¤ Experiment vn
Romznr C. MAY .......................................... Photographer Station Building, University of Kentucky, Lexington.
 
. •·  
In This Issue   I
.KEN'l`UCKY IIESEARCII R12sUL*rs IN Bnnzr
 
AGRICULTURAL ECONONIICS   Page 3
~»
AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING 3 ¤~
AGRONOLIY 4 i" `
_ ANIBIAL IeIusIsANnnY 5 .,
ANIIVIAL I¤ATIIoLocY 5
DAIRY SCIENCE 6
EN'l'()l\IOLOGY AND BOTANY 6 "  '
nomic ECONOINIICS 7 f-
noirrrcumunn 7 tan
POULTRY SCIENCE 8
nImAL SOCIOLOGY 8
-
fe
z
The Cover Q
_,   ._ _, Ls in  This scene of pickers harvesting snap beans in a Wayne county Held • ‘
    shows the large-scale nature of the snap bean enterprise in Pulaski He
fit   i’`— ji. —‘.-   and \Va ne counties in 1960 and 1961. Su ervisin the ickers left ‘
~.- ·c:;—*»s.=—;i. .‘;.v.:=` ,— y P g P N
  , W foreground) is M. H. Denney. Monticello, owner of the farm. `"
 
Wl? :"·Y.'°‘ _·_'l'i;;;,;‘. =
 
-  
s

 KtkR hR lt'B°f
Q; BI] IIC y €S€3.1°C BSI] S III 1°1€ »
I A?
I The following reports on research activities of the importance to warehousemen is that of short-weight
r Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station were ex- deductions by buying organizations. Much weight
cerpted from the 1961 Annual Report now being pre- loss is because of moisture changes in the tobacco ·
fz pared for publication. between the time it is weighed in at the warehouse
ip! and when delivered to the buyer’s plant.
·.  AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS Dairy Mergers and Expanding Market Trends
A. Factors in Success or Bean Errrerprrse Specialization in iboth farm production and proc- ’
·,’ S . . , essing plant operations is an important trend in the
uccess of a snap bean enterprise in Pulaski and d . .1d tr N6 t.t. 6 I k t. st t r
ll; Wayne counties is attributed to overall planning by al?/E ui y` . .W C0m§;1W H ar 9 mg. mc ut}?
. z ’ r . z · (
A management and a well-coordinated labor supply for mc C mp EX P lclllg PIO ems fu-6 lppedrmg is 6
. result of teclmolo ueal chan es in the mdustr . More
S S Y
harvesting. Management concentrated acreage, se- . . .
. . mergers and consolidations are in prospect. Ten per-
lected farmers, staggered planting dates, supervised , . ·
. . cent of Kentuckys bottled milk plants made about 60
.. cultural and spray programs, supervised harvesting, . .
. percent of the sales in 1960, and 13 processing centers
•~ and marketed the beam` The labor supply was pm- su Jlied 90 ercent of the fluid roducts
A vided by excellent cooperation of the farmers, labor P1 P P `
 J crew leaders, and crew members of the Employ-
A ment Service Office.   ·°. `.i,d;l': • ··· E I:) I V`’:i;'    `  __   -.-•  `A 
y State Institutional Form Study   .<     °‘‘’·   ‘ _.
4. · 4   f   V .:,,.,_  > _,_v       jgrjj, ty
A farm management analysis (linear programming)         ,.-r   V,,.,   ,_   ‘ - \ {
1 of Kentucky’s institutional farms reveals that consider- its jp     __,            
. . . . . ‘ · ‘·~ -.~ `.   ·       ,-ii*   wr- , » `*~
g able savings are possible 1n their food production pro-     .2.   
A gram by having the farms specialize in production of    j? -rw!   pr 4 -  ,  ’'., . ire  iiztfj
` products for which their resources are best suited and        #4 Y   . Z _
. to receive the rest of their food requirements from   '       li
other institutional farms.     A 'l_}f’ _ Y ,/A     y
»     "°‘?%.€*7'·.""·`T§¤%’€*:?€   Us  Y V   T   :
Chain Store Fresh Egg Requirements     VK j   ` ’     {
  z   ? " ,Y""'€*?·"i?`+ff'€Z€ ·,.:-    r, ,..»·, ~   ·-.' ~
(Q Chain store buyers are striving to develop more A;j5__:e'jrgI:,._‘f§§i,`?·;   U M   ,-7.:;  
Y { rh; wi •1·_ M? · .1:; ‘ r :+4 mf`;}     [ri!  -  , VK _' ..
A concentrated supply sources. In respect to eggs, the frbgrg     _.._ v>¢'r;;__*&’-tw    éreg r 
minimum purchase requirements range from 100 to ag-}  "`°‘¢‘~=»»"¤?" { V   r ·  
200 cases per week from a single supplier. About 70 _' _ Q   i~r· » .   g. , ' _ I I
percent of the fresh eggs handled by chain food stores       ‘ " ‘ ° " ` ""'“'*‘ ` ` '
- in Kelltrrcky COHIQS fron] OutSi({€ the State becallse Su}`)_ zh SII()I`I ()l)CI`2IIII]g 1)CI`I()(I ICSSCIIS [IIC ()!)l)()I`IlII]IIy ol IOIMISJCO
fx . . . . \\'2II`CII()lISCI`IICI] I0 CUI IZlbOI` costs by IDCI`CIlSlIIg IIICCIIZIYIIZZP
·,_ pliers here are not meeting minimum volume and mm -
·» 1 quantity requirements. Most of the eggs are pur-
chased in mid-western states, with the majority com-  
mg from Indimm_ AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING
S Looseleaf Tobacco Auction Warehouse Costs Mechanical Tobacco Harvester Progresses
` TL Hand labor used in tobacco warehouse operation ac- Limited field tests were made with a basic-type
r counts for about 65 percent of the total operating mechanical burley tobacco harvester. The machine
costs, and the opportunity to reduce costs through has been built in four components: 1. a cutting unit
mechanization is lessened owing to an operating period which was completed in 1961; 2. a spearing unit;
of only from 5 to 10 weeks. An operating cost of 3. a stalk-spacing. stick-filling unit, and 4. a stick-
1 Kiznrucxr FARBI AND Horn; SCIENCE—\VIN'I`ER 1962 3
‘.

 dispensing unit. These hydraulically controlled units
are in a frame, suspended from an altered high-  
clearance tractor. The tests in 1961 indicated that » /44;-  ·’`i f I i “V'
with the elimination of minor difficulties the machine X  l V _- V _  
will meet its design capacity of six sticks (Oh which  ·r"“"" " V   tg  V VV h,,.- »   2
six stalks are evenly spaced) per minute. (This work V ’   V    VVVVV   ' `· ` “A'`~  
was done in cooperation with ]. W. \¢Valden, Midway.) i V V VVVVV VV V VV   VJ __h__, ______  rl  
° ‘     i· lll;l_t;.lt€§{’§’·‘ V 2*  
Flame Cultivation of Corn and Tobacco   \ \\   i lj - .
Flame cultivation resulted in satisfactory control of   ,_ V V R VVV    _ _V     VVVVVVV   ir,}
weeds and grasses in corn and tobacco at Coldstream    
Farm. The growth rate of the tobacco, however, was _ _ _ _ _ *"
Frames handled by fork lifts olter possibilities for labor sav-
redueecl ing in tobacco housing. The tobacco in these frames was V
Outside Curing of Tobacco Under Plastic field cured under plastic as shown.
4
ONG ilcw ot lltll`l€Y tolltlcco Was llelfl Clll`€€l OU shank, previously more common on smaller farms in xr
frames covered with pOly€tllyl€ll€ tlllll, Zilltl Oll€ ?lC1'€ Overflow gtrgam areas, has new appeared on many VY
was cured in a conventional tobacco barn. At sale laI·gG{;a1·“·`S io areas nor subject to ovorgowr no good '*‘~
lllll€`» tll€ tolneeo Clllctl lllltl€l tlllll ilvémgetl $68-11 explanation has been formulated. Angular leaf spot
PGY 100 P0l'lltlS» Wllllc the Olllcl llwllglll all tlvemge or rust, a bacterial disease closely related to wildfire,
of $68.24. However, a considerable amount of labor aftor an allncst oomploro absoooo of Sovoml yoarSV is
was saved with use of the frames because they could now booomiog of jooroasiog importoooo_ Wj]dHro_ V;
lltt llillltlltttl Wltll tl llltk lllit· resistant bnrlcy seems not to be resistant to the leaf  
Greenhouse Heating and Ventilating Spot he r
A system for automatically controlling the tempera- Cufllng Frequency °f Clelr Tlm°fl°Y
ture within greenhouses during both summer and Tlll'€€ Y€€lYS’ tltltd lll€ll€?·t€ tllilt Cllttlllg Clair tllll0tll}’ A
winter was designed and installed in a plastic green- plants tliree tinres per growing Season resulted in
liensc operated by the Department of 1—Icrticnlttn·c. liiglrer yields and lower weed eontent in the hay tlrnn gf
A continuously operating fan capable of providing Wll€ll Plilllts W€l'€ Cut tftllll t0tlY to S€V€ll tl1ll€S ft  
one air change per hour, a forced-warm-air furnace, S€ilS0ll· Inlay (lll&lltY oi tll€ tll`St ll¥ll`V€St Ot tll€ tlll`€€· ‘
dampers, and controls constitute the system. The Ctlt SYStY€S- The
yalns Sirgd the 1'1]Q2`[tiQ1' lau]bS_ COlTl]_)lCX ]]]lXtLll`C COllSlSt€(l of   ]_)(:‘l`C€l]t C1'21Cl(€(l
C I _ fs _ C corn, 30 percent soybean meal, 5 percent alfalfa meal,
1 °"€ °:°:A° wma umass 5 percent sugar, 1.5 percent bonerneal, 1 percent
Cuts °n Fcsurements phenothiazine salt, and 1 percent Aureomycin Crum-
7 A study of 395 purebred Hampshire pigs slaughtered b]GS_
over an 8—year period showed that percent of ham,
expressed as percent of carcass weight, was more ANIMAL PATHOLOCY
highly correlated with percent of lean cuts; therefore, ———-—-— 
r it was the best single variable in predicting total Porosite Control in Sheep
carcass leanness. Ham fat thickness seems to be a A Sm-ics Of Seven pmclgmr (benches at g_W€Ck imap
A bcttcf mcilsurc Of carcass fat than ls iwcmgc back vals was more effective than seven phenothiazine
V » {Ht thicl<¤c$S· drenches in controlling gastro-intestinal parasites in
Use of Virginiomycin for Growing Swine Sheep
_ Five experiments showed the value of a new anti- Fcscl Rhl¤°P¤€¤m¤¤l*l$ in M¤|’€$
\ biotic, Virginiamycin, as a feed additive for growing Accumulated field tests for 3 years on 60 farms in-
·· pigs. The substance improved the rate of gain and eluded immunizing inoculations with hamster-adapted
KENTUCKY FARM AND Hosrrc ScrENcE—\VrNrEi< 1962 5

 virus for preventing fetal rhinopneumonitis. The sive results. The results did indicate, however, that
mares inoculated had a total of 4,298 pregnancies and Clair timothy produces forage relatively high in nu- _,;_,
41 abortions (0.95 percent). During the same period trients needed for maintaining milk production. No
the mares of 35 other farms on which no inoculations grain was fed. ` `
ivere zgdgngnisteretltpad 477 pregnancies and 75 abor- use of Dried Skim Milk in can Shiner .
Kms ` pawn ' Work with 31 Holstein and lersey male and female [
Nemotode Infection in Colves calves indicated that dried skim milk in the calf l.
Crain Supplgmgnt was unguccgsgful in Cgmplgtgly St3.I`I[€I' COl`ltI`1l)L1IC€(l. little ll') th€l.I` 2- 0I` 3-week Wézlfllflg I- `» V
esumsrbalapemg the influence of superimposed mma- program It was coocludcd than oftcr a milk fcodirrg  
tode infections. This conclusion was reached on the pcriod of 3 wccks. €l3lfY colvcs could bc S€itlSf30l01‘llY (
basis of relative difference in blood changes of two W€¤¤€€l Wll€ll oftorcd 3 $lmPl€ but palofoblo €lI’Y Calf · _
groups of six calves in which one group received a St€11°Y€f €1¤l>*;¤;;<>