xt7mw6693h48 https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt7mw6693h48/data/mets.xml English, William Hayden, 1822-1896. 1896 books b92e234e58v22009 English Bowen-Merrill Company : Indianapolis, Ind., and Kansas City, Mo. Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Clark, George Rogers, 1752-1818. Clark family. Clark s Expedition to the Illinois, 1778-1779. Clark s Expedition against Detroit, 1781. Clark s Grant (Ind.) Conquest of the country northwest of the river Ohio, 1778-1783; and life of Gen. George Rogers Clark. Over one hundred and twenty-five illustrations. With numerous sketches of men who served under Clark ... text Conquest of the country northwest of the river Ohio, 1778-1783; and life of Gen. George Rogers Clark. Over one hundred and twenty-five illustrations. With numerous sketches of men who served under Clark ... 1896 2009 true xt7mw6693h48 section xt7mw6693h48
1
UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY LIBRARIES
INTRODUCTORY VOLUMES TO ENGLISH'S HISTORY OF INDIANA
CONQUEST OF THE COUNTRY
NORTHWEST OF THE RIVER OHIO
1778 1783
AND
LIFE OF
GEN. GEORGE ROGERS CLARK
OVER ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIVE ILLUSTRATIONS
WITH NUMEROUS SKETCHES OF MEN WHO SERVED UNDER CLARK AND FULL LIST OF THOSE ALLOTTED LANDS IN CLARK'S GRANT FOR SERVICE IN THE CAA1PAIGNS AGAINST THE BRITISH POSTS, SHOWING EXACT LAND ALLOTTED EACH.
WILLIAM HAYDEN ENGLISH
President Indiana Historical Society
VOLUME II
INDIANAPOLIS, IND., AND KANSAS CITY, MO.
Copyright 1895
by
WILLIAM HAYDEN ENGLISH
ILLUSTRATIONS.
Vol. II.
Page.
Portrait of George Rogers Clark (Frontispiece Vol. 2)..................... 588
Illustrations (half title)..................................................................... 591
Hamilton and Lamothe Sent in Irons to Williamsburg.................... 61G
Facsimile Letter of Thomas Jefferson Declining to Release Governor Hamilton from Captivity......................................................... 644
Portrait of Little Turtle.................................................................. 695
Signature of John Baley................................................................... 701
Signature of Richard Harrison....................................................... 701
Signature of Edward Worthingtox................................................... 701
Signature of Thomas Quick................................................................ 701
Signature of Robert George.............................................................. 701
Signature of John Gibson.................................................................. 710
Clark's Forces Leaving Pittsburgh, 1781........................................... 719
Lociiry's Defeat................................................................................. 728
Signature of Phillibert.................................................................. 739
Signature of Pierre Ga.melin............................................................. "39
Signature of L. E. Denline................................................................ 740
Signature of Le Grand...................................................................... rzjs
Monument to Fourteen Soldiers Killed by Indians in 1783.............. 751
Death of Colonel John Floyd........................................................... 752
Fort Nelson....................................................................................... 755
Map of Northwest Territory and the Thirteen Original States.....<3SP
The Seal of the Territory of the United States Northwest of the
River Ohio.....................*............................................................... 773
Death of Joseph Rogers.................................................................... 773
Map of Northwest Territory with Notes of Some. Historical Dates and Places..................................................................................... 776
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594
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
Page.
Signature of Benjamin Harbison, Governor of Virginia................... 783
Clark Driving the Indians from Council Chamber........................... 793
Signature of Samuel Hopkins............................................................ 803
Portrait of John Bice Jones.............................................................. 808
Signature of John Bice Jones........................................................... 808
Portrait of General Clark in His Old Age Copied from Oil Painting in Vincennes University......................................................... 817
Patent Issued by the State of Virginia for the Land in Clark's
Grant............................................................................................. 834
Official Map of Clark's Grant......................................................... 851
Signature of Walker Daniel............................................................. 855
Signature of William Croghan......................................................... 856
Signature of John Edwards............................................................... 85G
Signature of John Campbell.............................................................. 850
Signature of James F. Moore............................................................ 857
Signature of Bichard Taylor............................................................ 857
Signature of Bobert Breckenridgic................................................... 857
Signature of Alexander Breckenridge.............................................. 858
Signature of George Bogers Clark (after he was paralyzed)............. 858
Portrait of Joseph Bartholomew...................................................... 859
Portrait of Andrew P. Hay................................................................. 8(i0
Signature of Abram Bowman.............................................................. 862
Buins of Clark's Old Mill................................................................ 863
Supposed Chimney of Fort Finney..................................................... 863
Governor Posey's Old Residence at Jeffersonville.......................... 864
Portrait of Marston G. Clark........................................................... 866
Signature of Marston G. Clark......................................................... 866
Clark's Besidexce in Clarksville..................................................... 868
Sword of General Clark (2 plates)...............................................874, 875
Presentation of Sword to General Clark.......................................... 885
House Where General Clark Died Residence of His Sister; Lucy
Choghan......................................................................................... 889
Diagram of the Clark Graves........................................................... 900
Graves of General Clark and Others of the Clark Family, Cave
Hill............................................................................................... 902
Clark Statue and Pedestal in Monument Place, Indianapolis......... 900
Portrait of Jacob Burnett.............................,.................................. 909
Portrait of Beuben T. Durbett......................................................... 911
Portrait of John Fiske..................................................................... 912
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. 595
Page.
Portrait op John B. Dillon............................................................... 912
Portrait op John Reynolds............................................................... 912
Portrait of Henry Pirtle.................................................................. 913
Portrait op James A. Garfield......................................................... 914
Portrait of Theodore Roosevelt....................................................... 914
Portrait of John W. Daniel.............................................................. 915
Portrait of George F. Hoar.............................................................. 915
Portrait of Lewis Collins................................................................. 916
Portrait of Lyman P. Draper............................................................ 916
Portrait op Samuel Merrill.............................................................. 917
Portrait of Burk A. Hinsdale.......................................................... 918
Portrait of Jacob P. Dunn................................................................ 918
Portrait of John Randolph............................................................... 918
Portrait of James Parton.................................................................. 919
Portrait of Daniel W. Voorhees...................................................... 920
Portrait op David Turpie................................................................. 920
Portrait op John Sherman................................................................. 921
The Bewildered Guide....................................................................... 924
Signature of John Sanders................................................................ 927
Signature of Daniel Boone............................................................... 927
Novel Pioneer Money........................................................................ 928
Virginia Currency Payable in Tobacco............................................. 930
Signature of Richard Brasiiear........................................................ 935
Signature of Buckner Pittman........................................................... 937
Signature of John Paul..................................................................... 941
Signature op General Charles Scott................................................ 948
Signature* of Attorney-General Harry Innes................................... 948
Signature of Honorable J. Brown, of Kentucky.............................. 948
Robert J. Todd's Commission as Major.............................................. 948
Portrait op Levi L. Todd, Senior...................................................... 950
Portrait of Doctor Robert n. Todd.................................................. 950
Signature of William Whitley......................................................... 952
Signature op Abram Chapline........................................................... 958
Signature op James Bigger................................................................ 967
Signature of Shadrach Bond, Senior................................................ 967
Signature of Valentine T. Dalton.................................................... 967
Signature of Peter Priest................................................................. 96i
signature' of isaac van metre......................................................... 967
Signature of Isaac Yates.................................................................. 961
596
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
Page.
Signature op James Wiiitecotton....................................................... 907
Portrait of George Rogers Clark in His Old Age........................... 908
Portrait of Bland Ballard............................................................... 973
Bland Ballard's Escape from the Indians........................................ 975
Signature of Isaac Bowman............................................................... 979
Signature of John Bowman................................................................ 979
Signature of Bichard Rue.................................................................. 985
Richard Rue Running the Gauntlet................................................ 980
Portrait of Joseph Holman............................................................... 988
Portrait of George Holman.............................................................. 988
Portrait of Lucy Croghan, Sister of General Clark....................... 990
Portrait of General Clark's Sister, Ann Gwathmey........................ 990
Portrait of Eleanor Eltixg Temple, General Jonathan Clark's
Daughter....................................................................................... 990
Signature of General Jonathan Clark............................................. 991
Signature of Sarah Clark................................................................. 991
Signature of William Aylett Booth................................................ 997
Signature of Bebecca Booth.............................................................. 997
Signature of William Booth............................................................. 997
Portrait of Samuel Gwathmey........................................................... 997
Signature of John Gwathmey........................................................... 998
Signature of Captain Edmund Clark.................................................1001
Portrait of Major George Croghan..................................................1005
Medal Voted to Major Croghan by Congress (two plates)................1005
Croghan Monument, Fremont, Ohio...................................................1007
Signature of Bichard Clough Anderson...........................................1008
Signature of Governor Charles.Anderson........................................1009
Signature of Governor William Clark.............................................1012
Portrait of Governor William Clark...............................................1014
Fac-simile of the Entry of Judge William Clark's Death on the
Becords of St. Xavier's Church, Vincennes..................................1017
Portrait of Jefferson K. Clark, Son of William Clark..................1019
Big Knives (Finis)..............................................................................1019
Clark's Statue, Indianapolis..............................................................1021
Contents of Chapters
(3 e)
CONTENTS OF CHAPTERS.
Vol. II.
CHAPTER XIV.
THE CAPTIVITY OF LIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR HAMILTON" AND OTHER BRITISH OFFICERS AND SOLDIERS
Hamilton's version of their treatment at Vincennes Who the prisoners were Captains Williams and Rogers with twenty-five men convey the prisoners to Virginia Instructed by Colonel Clark to see that prisoners be provided with all necessaries Hamilton's account of the journey, and description of condition of the Americans Governor Henry's letter announcing the capture of Vincennes Hamilton put in irons and confined in a dungeon in retaliation for cruelties inflicted on American prisoners He bitterly denounces treatment of himself and colleagues Governor of Virginia acted on advice of the executive council He explains and justifies his action Correspondence between General Washington and Governor Jefferson on the subject Severity of treatment finally relaxed Fac-simile of a letter of Jefferson in relation to Hamilton Release on parole offered prisoners Accepted by some Declined at first by Hamilton, but finally accepted Important letters, etc., on the subject Leaves Virginia for New York Recites troubles encountered on the way Reaches British comrades in New York in wretched condition Is at last exchanged and sails for England His subsequent career....605-662
COLONEL CLARK RETURNS TO THE FALLS OF OHIO CONDITION OF AFFAIRS THERE.
Fort near mouth of Ohio determined upon Develops his plans in a general order Also in a letter to Governor John Todd Letter of Todd to Governor Jefferson approving Clark's plans Clark proceeds to mouth of Ohio early
SENT TO VIRGINIA AS PRISONERS.
CHAPTER XV.
CONTENTS OF CHAPTERS.
599
in 17S0 Builds Fort Jefferson a few miles below Intended for a settlement and garrison combined Besieged by Indians Heroic defense Captain George Owens and bis descendants Garrison finally relieved Indians withdraw from its vicinity Perilous journey made by Clark from Fort Jefferson to Harrisburg British and Indians invade Kentucky Clark's campaign against the Indians at old Chillicothe and Piqua Distressing particulars of death of Joseph Rogers Clark returns to Kentucky Deplorable condition of affairs there, at Fort Jefferson and the Illinois Official letters on the subject Sketch of George Slaughter and Silas Harlan Fort Jefferson finally abandoned...................................................................................663-696
CHAPTER XVI.
CONTEMPLATED CAMPAIGN AGAINST DETROIT IN 17S1 LOCHRY'S DEFEAT.
Council of war to consider an expedition against the British at Detroit, or "the Floridians on the Mississippi" Early action delayed Clark visits Virginia and aids in driving out the British Secures Governor Jefferson's approval of an expedition against Detroit Is commissioned brigadier-general thereof Letter from General Washington approving the expedition, promising military stores and Continental troops Letters of Jefferson and others on the subject Colonel Gibson's regiment promised to Clark Promises not fulfilled and expectations not realized Country weary of war Troops and army supplies hard to secure Draft made but unsatisfactory Ciothing scarce Paper money nearly worthless Letters of Clark upon the discouraging situation Bears up bravely under disappointments Starts from Pittsburgh with but four hundred of the two thousand men expected Events of voyage to falls of the Ohio Colonel Lochry's command fails to join Clark at the appointed time and place Follows on and is disastrously defeated Distress of Colonel Clark at the defeat of Lochry and failure of campaign against Detroit Colonel Crockett's letter defending Colonel Clark's conduct............697-734
CHAPTER XVII.
BAD CONDITION OF AMERICAN AFFAIRS IN KENTUCKY AND
THE ILLINOIS.
Memorial of the people of Vincennes Letter of Captain Baley, commandant of the post there Colonel John Floyd writes of the situation in Kentucky
6oo
CONTENTS OF CHAPTERS.
Colonel Floyd killed by Indians Colonel Slaughter and others write gloomily of the situation Clark immediately engages in putting matters into better shape Ascertains strength of the Kentucky militia Builds Fort Nelson Suggests to the governor of Virginia a system of armed boats on the Ohio Uses a gun-boat between the falls and the Licking Indian depredations continue Disastrous battle of Blue Licks in August, 17S2 Rising of the people to carrv the war into the enemy's country General Clark marches, at the head of a thousand men, against the Indian towns on the Little Miami and destroys [hem Indians amazed at unexpected development of the strength of the Americans and never afterwards invade Kentucky in force An appropriate ending of the successful part of General Clark's military career.
735-76
CHAPTER XVIII.
ALL PROSPECT OF THE BRITISH CONQUERING THE COLONIES TERMINATES WITH SURRENDER OF CORNWALLIS.
Negotiations ended in treaty of peace of 17S3 These negotiations called attention more particularly to the great benefit General Clark's services had been to the country He had captured from the enemy a vast territory, and being in possession it was included in the boundaries of the new government But for this the boundary might have been the Ohio river, or the Alleghany mountains Importance of the conquest Triumph of Clark and his soldiers Seal of the Northwest Territory Importance of that territory.
76.-778
CHAPTER XIX.
CLARK, RELIEVED FROM MILITARY SERVICE, RETIRES DISAPPOINTED AND DISTRESSED.
Virginia, exhausted by the war, failed, for a time, to sufficiently provide for Clark's troops He is finally retired from service Letter of governor of Virginia to Clark Letter from Clark to the governor, disclosing his financial distress Asks, in vain, for a portion of what is due him Similarity of treatment of Clark and Vigo Letter from Vigo to Clark Comments on the treatment of Clark Retires to Kentucky neglected, disappointed and distressed Injurious effect on his health and habits Remains in comparative obscurity until made a commissioner in 17S5 to treat with certain Indian tribes Some incidents at the treaty....................................................................................779_794
CONTENTS OF CHAPTERS.
601
CHAPTER XX.
WABASH AND MIAMI INDIANS, ENCOURAGED BY THE BRITISH, BECOME HOSTILE TO THE AMERICANS CAMPAIGN AGAINST THEM DETERMINED UPON.
General Clark placed in command The situation communicated to the Governor of Virginia by Clark and John May Officers, Kentucky military district, meet in council Right to impress military supplies declared Expedition marches by land to Vincenncs Provisions forwarded by water, delayed and spoiled Expedition delayed at Vincenncs March in demoralized condition A portion revolt before reaching enemy and return Clark overwhelmed with grief French inhabitants no longer friendly Clark determines to garrison Vincenncs Is driven by necessity to impress supplies for his troops Takes some Spanish property Commissary appointed Regular accounts kept of property taken His conduct misrepresented Virginia and congress, without waiting for his explanations, condemn it This action hasty and inconsiderate Opinions of disinterested persons Clark returns to the falls full of disappointment Finally meditates an expedition in the interest of the French against the Spaniards on the Mississippi Accepts French commission Issues a proclamation Expedition abandoned Effect of the movement beneficial in hastening free navigation of the Mississippi Opinion of Governor Shelby and others......................................................795-S24
CHAPTER XXI.
CLARK'S GRANT THE OFFICERS AND SOLDIERS OF THE ILLINOIS REGIMENT, AND THE LAND ALLOTTED TO EACH.
S25-S60
CHAPTER XXII.
THE LATTER YEARS OF GENERAL CLARK'S LIFE AND HIS
DEATH.
Clarksville, Indiana, and vicinity George Rogers Clark's connection therewith Is stricken with paralysis at that place Amputation of his leg Virginia presents him a sword and pension The subject of sword presentations to him considered He lingers long in a feeble, and finally helpless, condition
6o2
CONTENTS OF CHAPTERS.
Dies at his sister's house in Kentucky in 1S1S His will Controversy in relation thereto, and other events connected with his illness and death.
S61-S96
CHAPTER XXIII.
Burial place of George Rogers Clark Location of the graves of the Clark family in Cave Hill Cemetery Inscriptions on the grave-stones Visit of the author to these graves Reflections upon there being no monument to honor General Clark's memory Steps taken to secure one in connection with the great Indiana soldiers' monument at Indianapolis Successful efforts in that direction Description of the monument Abortive movements of Kentucky and the United States to erect a monument- Opinions of eminent men of George Rogers Clark and his services to his country............S97-922
CHAPTER XXIV.
ADDITIONAL SKETCHES OF MEN WHO SERVED UNDER GEORGE ROGERS CLARK.
John Sanders Major Thomas Quick Captain Richard Brashear Lieutenant Richard Harrison Lieutenant John Gerault Lieutenant Michael Perault General Robert Todd Captain Levi Todd Ebenezer and John Sevcrns Edward Bulger Captain Abram Chaplinc James Curry, Levi Teall and Joseph Anderson Colonel William Whitley John Paul Buckner Pittman.
923-96S
CHAPTER XXV.
SOME HISTORICAL INCIDENTS CONNECTED WITH CLARK'S
GRANT.
The region of the falls always a favorite place of resort Abundance of fish and game Battlefield and burying ground of some unknown race near Clarks-villc Ancient stone fortifications at the mouth of Fourteen-mile creek Other forts and stations Bland Ballard's escape Lieutenant Isaac Bowman Richard Rue................................................................................969-9SS
CHAPTER XXVI.
BROTHERS AND SISTERS OF GEORGE ROGERS CLARK.
9S9-1019
Conquest of tbc IRortbwest
Volume II
CHAPTER XIV.
THE CAPTIVITY OF LIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR HAMILTON AND OTHER BRITISH OFFICERS AND SOLDIERS SENT TO VIRGINIA AS PRISONERS.
Hamilton's version of their treatment at Vincennes Who the prisoners were Captains Williams and Rogers with twenty-five men convey the prisoners to Virginia Instructed by Colonel Clark to see that they' are provided with all necessaries Hamilton's account of the journey, and description of condition of the Americans Governor Henry's letter announcing the capture of Vincennes Hamilton put in irons and confined in a dungeon in retaliation for cruelties inflicted on American prisoners He bitterly denounces treatment of himself and colleagues Governor of Virginia acted on advice of the executive council He explains and justifies his action Correspondence between General Washington and Governor Jefferson on che subject Severity of treatment finally relaxed Fac-simile of a letter of Jefferson in relation to Hamilton Release on parole offered prisoners Accepted by some Declined at first by Hamilton, but finally accepted Important letters, etc.. on the subject Leaves Virginia for New York Recites troubles encountered on the way Reaches British comrades in New York in wretched condition Is at last exchanged and sails for England His subsequent career.
HE capture of the British boats on the Wabash river, with all the stores and valuable papers intended for Hamilton, as narrated in Chapter XII, added to his already overwhelming humiliation. The night after signing the agreement to surrender Fort Sackville he says he spent "in assorting papers and preparing for the disagreeable ceremony of the next day. Mortification, disappointment and indignation had their turns." It was but the begin-
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606 CAPTIVITY OF LIFrTFN'AXT-GOYHKNOk HAMILTON
ning of the unfortunate lieutenant-governor's trials and sorrows according to the narrative of his numerous and long-continued troubles as given in his report to his superior officers, to which reference has already been frequently made. There is no doubt this account was colored and in some respects exaggerated to suit his side of the case, but, at the same time, it is evident that he was very forcibly made to realize what it is to be in an enemy's hands as a prisoner of war, towards whom special resentment is felt. He was certainly not allowed to sleep on a bed of roses.
He realized what was in store for some of his comrades, and possibly for himself, at the very beginning. "The evening of the day we capitulated," says he, " Colonel Clark ordered neck-iron fetters and handcuffs to be made which, in our hearing, he declared were designed for those officers who had been employed as partisans with the Indians. I took him aside and reminded him that these prisoners were prisoners of war included in the capitulation which he had so lately set his hand to. He said his resolution was formed; that he had made a vow never to spare man, woman or child of the Indians, or those who were employed with them. I observed to him that these persons, having obeyed my orders, were not to be blamed for the execution of them; that I had never known that they had acted contrary to those orders, by encouraging the cruelty of the savages; on the contrary, and that if he was determined to pass by the consideration of his faith and that of the public, pledged for the performance of the articles of capitulation, I desired he might throw me into prison, or lay me in irons, rather than the others. He smiled contemptuously, turned away
AND OTHER BRITISH PRISONERS IN VIRGINIA.
607
and ordered three of these persons to the guard till the irons should be made. The scalps of the slaughtered Indians were hung up by our tents; a young man of the name of Rainbault was brought into the fort with a halter about his neck, and only for the interposition of the volunteers from the Illinois, some of whom were his relations, would infallibly been hanged without any crime laid to his charge but his having been with a scouting part}'. He was half strangled before he was taken from the tree. Our soldiers told us that some of the rebels had sworn solemnly to destroy Major Hay and myself the first opportunity. As we could not guard against any attempt in the situation we then found ourselves, we thought it best to appear unacquainted with any such resolution, but we were twice in the night obliged to fly for security to Colonel Clark's quarters in the fort, two men that were intoxicated, and whose names had been given us, attempting to shoot us in our tent. The attempt was proved but no punishment ensued. We were kept in the dark as to the day of our departure, though I had repeatedly asked it, that we might have bread baked and prepare what was necessary."
He was not kept in suspense as to the time of his departure very long, for, on the 7th of March, according to Bowman's journal, " Captain Williams and Lieutenant Rogers, with twenty-five men, set off for the falls of Ohio, to conduct the following prisoners, viz.: Lieutenant-Governor Henry Hamilton, Major John Hay, Captain William Lamothe, Monsieur Dejean (grand judge of Detroit), Lieutenant John Schieffelin, Doctor I. McBeth, Francis Ma-
60S CAPTIVITY OF LIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR HAMILTON
sonville, Mr. L. F. Bellefeuille (French interpreter), with eighteen privates."
Clark's memoir says: "On the 7th of March, Captains Williams and Rogers set out by water with a part)- of twenty-five men, to conduct the British officers to Kentucky; and, farther to weaken the prisoners, eighteen privates were also sent. After their arrival at the falls of the Ohio, Captain Rogers had instructions to superintend their route to Williamsburg, to furnish them with all the necessary supplies on their way, and to await the orders of the governor." By weakening the prisoners, Colonel Clark, of course, meant to lessen the number he had to look after and take care of.
These prisoners seem to have been turned over temporarily by Captain Williams to Captain Harrod, presumably at the falls of the Ohio, who executed the following receipt for the same: "Received of Captain Williams, the within mentioned prisoners, in number twenty-six, March the 31st, 1779. Wm. Herrod, captain." In addition to the names of the eight officers, above mentioned by Bowman, the list, accompanying the receipt, gives the names of Sergeant James Parkinson and Corporal Abel Leazenby, and sixteen privates, as follows: Robert Bryant, George Spittal, John Fraser, John Sutherland, Thomas Keppel, John Wall, Christ Macgra (McCrow), John Brebin (Bre-bonne), William Taylor, Patrick Mackinlie, Reuben Vesey, Amos Ainsley, Benjamin Pickering, John Home, William Perry and Belser Givine (?).*
*Tlie given names were not mentioned in the receipt, but have since been added. The list contains twenty-six names.
AND OTHER BRITISH PRISONERS IN VIRGINIA. 609
Captain John Rogers, a kinsman of Clark, as already stated, seems to have been charged with the duty of seeing that the prisoners were conveyed from the falls of the Ohio to the capital of Virginia. The following instructions were issued to him by Colonel Clark : "You are to accompany Captain Williams to the falls of the Ohio and to accompany the prisoners from thence to Williamsburg. They will be guarded and conducted by the Kentucky militia. You are to be careful that they want no necessaries if possible to procure them. You will draw bills on the treasury for the expenses of your journey, and render a just account thereof to His Excellency, the governor."
As evidence in contradiction of the charge made by Hamilton that Clark treated the British prisoners cruelly, it will be observed that special instructions wrere given the officer in charge to "be careful that they want no necessaries, if possible to procure them."
The account given by Hamilton of the departure and journey is that "on the 8th day of March, we were put into a heavy oak boat, being twenty-seven in number, with our provision of flour and pork at common rations, and fourteen gallons of spirits for us, and our guard, which consisted of twenty-three persons, including two officers. We had before us three hundred and sixty miles of water carriage, and eight hundred and forty to march