xt7ngf0msx55 https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt7ngf0msx55/data/mets.xml Bruce, Sanders Dewees, 1825-1902. 1892  books b98-43-41901353 English Turf, Field, and Stream, : New York : Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Horses Pedigrees. Thoroughbred horse.Bruce, Sanders Dewees, 1825-1902. Breeders hand book and guide. Thoroughbred horse  : his origin, how to breed and how select him, with the Horse breeders guide. Embracing one hundred tabulated pedigrees of the principal sires, with full performances of each and best of their get, covering the season of 18f 1892 / by S.D. Bruce. text Thoroughbred horse  : his origin, how to breed and how select him, with the Horse breeders guide. Embracing one hundred tabulated pedigrees of the principal sires, with full performances of each and best of their get, covering the season of 18f 1892 / by S.D. Bruce. 1892 2002 true xt7ngf0msx55 section xt7ngf0msx55 

TH:E



THOROUGHBRED



HORSE.



  HIS ORIGIN, 11OW TO BREED AND
          11OW SELECT HIMI.

                WITH TIHE


HORSE BREEDERS' GUIDE.



E3MBRACING ONE 1HUND)RED TABULATED PEDIGREES OF THE PRINCI-
     PAL SIRES, WITH FULL PERFORMANCES OF EACH AND
          BEST OF THEIR GET, COVERING THE
                SEASON OF 1892.




             BY S. D. BRUCE,
         Author of the Americnri Stud Book.




                PUBLISHED AT TH15
      Office of the TURF, FIELD AND FARM.
              TImES BumLDoIg, NEW YORK.
                    1892.

 












































Entered aecordmng to the Alt of 'ongre, in the year 12.,
                     BY S. D. B.,,E,
in the office of the Librarian of C'ongmee, Wn;.hin2qtn., D. t.

 













                               INDEX


           TO THE DAMS OF STALLIONS TABULATED.



                                                                          PsfnE.
 Acoustic .................. . by   .ustrallan ........... Vocalic .....................  289
 Aerolite ...................  Lexington . ........... Fellowcraft ................. 181
        ...................s............... N1iser ....................... 219
        .............................  ................  S Bpendthrift .................  257
Agenoria .Adventurer ........... Pontiac ..................... i31
Algebra   .   .......  Diophantus ........... .....-Donald A  .. 19
Ann Fief........         Alarm...........        Tremont.           :      77
Annie Booth .............  Marion ...........   Phil Warren .. ..  29
Arauearia ...............Ambrose.  ........... RayoD'-dOr .  I7
Badge            ............ilroy . ......... Logic .            -   B   x
Boot and tSaddle  ...........Trumpeter . .... Deseiver  7. 17
Bourbon Belle .Bonnie Scotland ........... Haover     ...... It9
Brademante ...............  War Dan.ce.  Tlhe Bard ......   2' 7
Capitola.......          Vandal.Kilng Alfonso ......                       Is5
Carolin .................. cythian.   VenIItator .. .... !t
Casuistry .................  The Miner ............. Loyalist ......  207
Coimbra .................  Kngston .............  Stownehenge ......   tn
Coloasa                 t.       ..ol.saus..    Inspector B................. I
Coral....-               Vandal..U...               as......... .5
      ..... ............                          Wanderer..................2W
 Duchess of.Mai.............                               ..............Wagner. .. 2,3
 FannyWashington..   Revenue .....       Eolu. ....,.......... 1411
 Farfaletta ......A...............  -utralian .........   Falsetto .................... 157
 Faverdale ..................I The Palmer ......... C entaur .................... 12:5
         11..... .                    ......... Oneko    .     .............. 223
 Florence .    .......    Lexington.... .... Ilndoo        . .        ..... 175
 Fusce,.     .     .      M arsyas..t. Blaise .                 . 2.1.....  
 Glenluine.      ...     (lenelg .........       Troubadour      ..       279  
 Hathorn Bloom.                   ........ettledrum.... Albert. . Ill
 llermita                       .................... The Sailor Prince.   21
 Heter.         .         Lexington......... .Spriugbok          .    .    2.5)
 Hira   .     ............Lexington.......        Hlmyar. .                173
 Idalia ...........  Cambuscan ............  heviot. .      129
     .................... ............. S Sir Modred  . .   25
Idlewild.       .        Lexington....-. Wildidle                       . 219
Ivy Leaf.       .        Australian................. Bramble               119
Jaconet .  ...........  Leamingtou.....  Belvidere. .     13
       ..................     ............  Sir Dixonl2..    .3
Judith.       ........   Macaroni.Julen.                       .............. 181
Kate Fisher ........ ,, Bill Cheatham . C Col. Clark . .   131
Kate Walker ........     Embry's Lexington.      Bend'or . .              115
Katoua  .     ........,.,.Voucher.               Tom Ochiltree    ..      273
King Tom Mare ..    K ing Tom .........   King Galop . . 1......... I 87
Lady Abbess........      Cathedral.             Maetto        .    .     215
Lady iangden.....      Kettledrum.Abingdon                    .   .     109
'Lady Love . ...............t Caterer ......Lsbon....       201
Lady Maura. ...........Macaroni .alore......                              1f3
Lady Nar      .   .      M acaroni.......       Wood Moss .........     , NO
La Mtchante    ..        Turnus.                Uhlan.   .     .   .
La Polka .  ...........  Lexington .Post Guard .........    23
Last Love . ....         Annandale.Kingston                .    .         11....... l
Laura   .    ..    ,      , Orlando.Laureate.                   .         195
Lemonade . ......,.... Leamlngton ............. Manehaca . .....   213
Lida ..............   Lexington ............Enquirer . ............ 147
Lily Agnes ... .......,..  Macaroni  ... Rosilngton . ........ 9 . . 29
Linda Lev i ...............  Oliv, e...............- Linden  . ............. 1119
Lizzie Hazlewood  .. Scatbelock..........n...... Kight of Ellers1le ..3....... ,
Lurline . .............Traducer ...........-.- Darebin ...... 1.3
Madame Strauss ........  King Tom ........   Moca-in  . .  221
Maggie B. B   ..       ,Australian.Iroquois                19..       1
Maiden   .    ........ Lexington .               Powbattan.                35
Mattie Grosi .............. ILexington ........  Whisper . . ... 297

 



Vi                               INDEX.


                                                                      PAGE
 Meta s  ............. . by  Harry of the W est ......... Buckmnaster ....... .  121
 M   imi ..................... . "E li se  Kinglike ............. . ISO
 Nameless .................B .       '..Black Dean .............. 117
 Nantura ..................  Braer's Ecllpw . ......... Longfellow .............. 25
 Nevada ...................  Lexington ................. Ecuador ............   143
       ...................  ................. Luke  Blackburn...........   29
 Nuneaton ................... Orlando ........   80lvermine ........... .249
 Orlando, mare..                   .' The Jacobite ...                . 289
 PIerbap ................... nAustralian ....  Chance ............,........ 125
 T.............               ... Diophantus.Wlful.........Wlf....................301
 Realization.....a.......                       fMaxim.217
 aina                             ............... ......Lexington.......alvator.......  
 Sappho ...............I......  ...gton. ....... Stharaxus ......... 127
 Scrap s ..................    ...........Lord of the Hils   . 'Paramatta ........ ..  127
 elusion .............dmr........  s ..........admor.................. 18a
 Sea M.ark .....Adven.t    rer ......... Sta.lart ...... .................... ,1s
      Ma k..................  Ad ,.tm ...........  , .....  tl a t ....................  ,,, Tp(Il1n 
                             ...             'Top Gallant......... 27
'Second ITand..S.tokell..                      Exile....................... 155
Semper Felix. ....L......L. Phaeton ....... Leon.....197
Sister Anne .......  . Glcneig . ........ .. Volante .21
S9ngstre.s ............  Chanticleer ... acaroon .211
Sovereign tiar .S......... - 6overeign  . Grinsead ......... . 1l7
sq(Ieez em .................. Lexingt t.n  Day Star ......... .135
Sujltana                     .................... I `                   Eothen.....151.... ISI
'unvS, uth5 .............. .. Birdeatcher-.... Harrv O'Fallon ............ 171
Su-i 1 ane ..............Bra  Lexington .......  Onond.ag. ....... 225
           .......................   ...... Sensation .......2... ...... 245
                                 .......... tratford .......   , 265
The Parl   .       .         nted......................7
Tohmeqa-ur . ................ monre. .....  ar .................... 281
Tvnt.stere.     .       .The Raket.1Duth Organ.                       141
TnDuk.sr ...                                       ........1.............53
Vesperlight ............... Childe Harold .......... Emperor.  145
Waltz ..............  .Lexington ........   Farandole ...........   169
Wheel of Fortune ......... , Adventurer ........ ' Simon Magus ............ 251
Woodcraft  ..........  Voltigeur ..... ',.,., Great Tom .................. 165

 













                    INTRODUCTION.




    TimE author in writing this book and lcompiling the tabulated pedigrees of
the sires to be found in it, has been induced to do so in the hope of their
proving usefil to those engaged in breeding for the turf, or who are seeking
to foster this most l.millar nationial amiusemuent.  Very aliany of our largest
breeders ignore the lessons taught in, the  -Stuld B ook  and Rlacing C(alendar."
I earnestly  onmneud to all the necessity of ol-crilig what souirces and what
course of breeding have prodiuced the best results in Englanld, which    may be
most properly alledi the honme of the thoroughbred horse.     I have given illy
ownl viewrs as to the best ..ode to successfully breed the r:aem-horse, tme hest
mode to select a stallion and brood mare, and the treatiuent of the stame both
in the stud ailld u the fariji.  I do not expect that all will agree with nie,
but tihe ideas expressed and plans suggested will dlo away with many of the
chanics incidenit to breeding.  There is immuch uncertainty, and always will 1I,
atteniding the best and most careful mixode of breeding, anid this opinion is
stromigly exemuplitied in the frequent occurrence of one horse being of very high
foriu and an excellent race-horse, and a full brother or sister being only orrdi-
mary; yet I tdifer from a great many in the opimmion that breeling depemlid entirely
upon c hance.   Accidents and other unforeseen causes, soume of themi so nimil-
portant anid abhtruse as to escape our attention or commie within our knowledge,
may prevent thi   best bred amid most promimising amimmual front arriviimg at its
natural size anld true shape, and a little ditferemmce in conmformation, synminetry
amld conutitiltioni may make a decidedl dlilerenmee in gootlness and speed.  The
fioal uimmy lie weak and have a delicate  nonstitutioin, owing to the danim limimli
starved an1d exposemd to hardships while carryinig it, mr it minay have meen hlii-
properly reared.  This proves that great care anid knowledge tire miee-ssary in
rearinig mmmrses for the turf, as well as juldgmmmenmt amid attentiomi i iie lectinmg immares
amid stalliomie frminl which to breed.  The chief poimmts are pure blood, comiior-
inaltion, emonstitution, racimng lineage amid hereditary somnidmiess.  The nearer we
get to true shaipe with the other poilmts comubinmed, the Immure certainily we will
-arriv-e at excellemnce.  We ofteim fitmd a large horse of good shaple and racimig
mnynimmumetry; bitt where there is onle goood large omme there are a dozet snmall or
medimn sizeml ones.   The greater the size, wheu ombltited with the good q114.l-
itiet, the greater the excellence mimid the lpnowers, for a good little horse cannot
cope with a gre:mt gmmod omme.   Ileumee size with    nustitmmtiomm, somiiters and
symmetry emnstitute the height of perfectioni.  While I advoecate aimd commmtend
pure blood, I am convinced thit very oftei peldigree is the ommly Poilit at which
soime breeders look, ignorimig altogether shale aiid actiomi; hence failures. The
establishmenit of reputation by a stallion dilepenlds on his having goodl mares

 



INTRODVCTION.



at tirst, for if he has only bad     annd  indifferent ones the   produne will be im
low  fuirni .i.lI a diaappointui ent, a.lI  the horse  condenaneml a. a failure.     To
prove this, it is only necessary    to  cite  the Goalolphin   Arabian and     Marske;
tbh  foxrimer Nlit fair the accilent of covering Roxana anad getting       Lath womild
hlae dlied ,imknown, while Marake, who bad been standing for half a guillea salal
was s.lI f-r twenty guineas, after siring      Eclipse  was   sold  fair one thoimsand
guincas aild aaiveredl at onle hlmndr"il guineas.    Sqnirt, the sire of Marske, had
been ordlered shu.t anal wmms saved by the intercession of his graoom; he after-
wards gat Marske, Syphain aalid tie celebrateal .Squirt mare, the alaim f Mailen
Purity, Pumpkin anld other fammis hirse..         That many good race-horses have
proveal failures as stallions amlln minny poor race-horses    successful amnes lmm one
can daubt, as instance Lath, who was a famainos race-horse bit aim inditi'erent
stallion, whilst hib  full arauther Cade was asi   imldifferent r-ce-horse bilt a  .liost
excellent stallion.  Flying Cinilders dazzlea    the world   by   time  plendaar af lila
career nim thn  turf, yet his brother, Ilartlett's Childers, proved far tlma better stall-
imia.  Ac M'mrming ta  my  notiaons, ian, horse call hle a go..Il ra e-ho.rse mr a gnu-
res4fil stallion  that does unt iossess great symuiametry, by which I do imot mameami
luaamty, lint a   mui   orf all' tla-e I..ints, such  as  comforimmatiaaia, length, power
anald imilmce, jamatly  Nmniteul.  atwnithstauaalimmg it is ofteii asserted that horse  rnm
i  alt. l slamhies, it caaimimat bi' dlenied that they rain hetter aald immre freoluemmtly
wlvra- thlav are well annd  trimly slapeal and aif tried anal approveal  oifarfimmiitioi.
A  laurie mamay sippear to thme ev  aif ordlimary  judges very plain anal ill slalmel,
anid still bie in high form, ammd to the eye of a  onmoissemir right iii all tine miaterial
poimits for rac-in.g purposes.  Tme imaclhimery properly pnt together is the plinit.
Chaliwmaes.ait ac I clemits are closely allield tia all pursuits, and anore particimlarly
to  brem-alimag for the  turf, anal  lick very  freqluently  predlominates over skill
and jildgimenit; antl whilst breoding eanm.ait be     made   a  certainty asr realaed
to  sicimee, it dbmonid miot lie left ta chanae.  It eaanmat lie too amimniately stimaied,
investigated  or attended to    in all itd  branches, ammd the breealer w'ho selen-ta
li msmres and atalliomis with care, attentiomi anml juldgmemmt as to purity mf pmedi-
grine, synmimetry of farm, temper, somndaness amnd conatitulimt.., ini fact, those pos-
sessinig all those essential Qiualitiei af speed amatll sta..ata.ess, nist be immure sine-
cessfuml than ome who breeth4 at hapha7ard amd       pmy   mao regard ta thet- estlab-
lislied nuns, a;t the sanne tiimme crosting anal preservilig the bloodl of hiin mares
jim lia-isly, amid aimmimmg to remnealy the dlefect., leaicimt properties 5sld itlferiar
qaumalitie. .,f his nmares by the sliperior conmform  tiatin, symnetry, adimirabla- prop-
ertie  ami librilliamit qp:mlitios of thm  stallion, or via e  versa.  Those wiho do
thibi wil li  n more likely to prnalmma-e a  more syammetrical, ligh-typed    amld tinc-
-essfidl ra-e-lma.rse than tinausi who Piy ino attention to these points. Sptculative
 slierinients iay suit those of large fairtunems   but the thinking anmd jaldicliimis
lireeler, msvware of the great expemase, !ommatamnt and nmrenmittimag attentinm  ilec's-
imnry fir smmeecss, will confinie lhiniself ti the established practice of ma-l whlisa-
exporia-mce. judgment, attentioi   and   ma--ess iii ireeaing are worthy f inmita-
tian.   It is a mimatter of opinmion wlhethaar the offspriaig   partamke mnost of the
sire air damnm.  There is no donbt but that they partake         if bothl, though very
often more of the one than the other.     Some of the mares breeal more after themmm-
selves, others more after the stallion, then again one foal will partake mi,,re after

 



NTRtODTCTION.



the mare and the inext partake most after th e horse. It also occasionally happeuns
that the 6nIl will color and mark after the e grandmire or grandam or aonne other
nore dlistanit cross, and partake of their qualities, hence the e necessity of pure blood,
conformation and soundness through many generations.    To appreciate what care,
-attention and sounil judgmnent have dlone for the thoronghbred horse, it is oinly neces-
sary for its to look at his origin; unquestionably the thoroughbred horse ats lie now
exists in his great perfection originated from a cross of the Arabian, Barb and Turk-
ish iorse, the representatives moims being the Godoiphin amnd Darley Arabians; the
ffiriner, generally conceded to be a "   Barb," was the sire of Lath, Cade, Regulus,
Mlank, Babrabain, Bamjaz-t, O lh t England, etc. It is said Mr. Coke brought him from
France. and1 that Ie hadl actually drawnt a cart in tth e streets of Paris. Mr. Coke
gave hiui to M1r. Williams, keeper ot the St. James Coff ee House, by whom hel u-as pre-
sientel to. Lord GConilphin, hence his name.. He w-as teaer to Hohgbbglin in, the   3ears
1734) and 17.31. and, oun tth e latter refusing to cover Rloxana by the Bald Galloway, she
was bret to tihe Arabian, and from that cover produced Lath, the tirst colt ever
credited tnn hium. which brought him into prolir inent muotice.  Ie was represenited 15
haunts high. 'lie DT.rley Arabian waI s the property of Mr. Darley, of Buttercramb ,
inear York. lie was tne sire of tie great Fhyimig Chilnders, supposed to be the fastest
borse iii thie world, sire of Secound, Snnip, llhncklegs, etc., Hlartlett's Childers and
Alnuinazor. Bartlett's Childers never raced, huit he was famous as a stallion. He was
sire of Sninnirt (the sire of Marake aunt Syphomn) and th e Little Hartley mare, the dam
uffJaunns, Blannk, 4)ld Eunglannd, Slonch, etc. The Curwen Bay Barb was a present to
Louis XIV. of France fromt the Emperor of Morocco, anid was brounght into Enugland
bhI Mr. Cnnrwveu. St. Victor Biarb wnns the sire of the Bald Galloway, and he was the
sire of lRoxanna that brouight the Golulophin Arabian into notice. The Compton IBirb
was sire nf Coulnuette auid others. Iluttb's Bay Barb was sire of Blaeklegs. The
Byerly Turk was Capt. llyerly's charger inn Irelamnd during King William's ward im
1689. It is   from this hnrse that the Herod bloodn originatedl. An  examuinnntionn nx f the
Stund Bnok atid  Racing Calenulhar w-ill show that nnearly the entire fanmily ninf great
race-horses. bnuth inn Englaund ant Anierican, dates bnck to the sources innentioned, and
that it in extreuie finlly  iii our day to expect to imniprove the preseunt magnificnet race-
honrse by ann inufinsioi of the blood of the Innoderin Aralnian. lWe cutuninenicceutnpn the
Arab, Barb  anld Tnirk with a heigint not exceedling 15 hands, annlu have, by juidicious
crossinig, geuneronss niet, discreet annd careful handilinig, binilt up the most ninagnnificeuut
specimenns nuf the enlunine rmue, ranigiung mnp to 17 hanuds inn height, with bone, muscle,
leungth, action nIun-t n1nl the other gran] nquanlities inn prnportion. In the early days nf
breediung, fronm unecessity, very unnany of the best horses were very munch inubrend, nInd
eveui incestuoul.y s,, anmnd the question of inibreedinig is one which coumnmienids itself
strongly to mature conisileratioun amid examinatinln. According to the munaxiuun that
" like prodihe-s like," we ought to follow formnn, blood, speed and other good qiualities,
anld if these gooni quialities can be maintained anld ilunproven by inbreedinig, then it
inanst he nhesir:ulle to nn certaini extent. Sone of the, best English anil Anerican horses
were very mnunch iubre.l, aund the conisainguinity of blonmul did mnut work deterioratinoin.
I an n ot in advocate f inucesttuos breeudling, bnut there is mno doubt that ninanly
beaunty, gracefnlh formun annd intelleetinal vigor have resulted frotu preservation of these
high qualities inn the hinina race, where inot cnnrried too, far; anid I cani see mun) reason
whytime ihithreenliung of the triuest, best bred anid best shaped racers cain work ann injiury



ix

 




INTR.ODITCTION.



to the eulnine race. Still, I think, an out-cross of pure blood, with the essential
qnalities of a good race-horse, and then back to the superior blood and conformation,
is lik ly to prodlnce the best resnlts. Iwil1givea few examples of inbred modern horses
in England, and the same in America, andl in doing so will select those of high char-
acta!r which distingnished themselves on the turf and in the stud, for instance: The
Baroan, not only a good race-horse, but sire of Stockwell and Rataplan, was by Bird-
cateher by Sir Hercules by Whalebone by Waxy by Pot-8-'s by Eelipse. The Baron's
dlan., Echidna by Economist by Whisker, own brother to Whalebone by Waxy by
Pot-S-o-'s by Eclipse; Echidna's dam, Miss Pratt by Blacklock by Whiteloek by Hamma-
hla-tanial by Kinl Fergus by Eclipse. Tonchstone, afine race-horse and oie of the best
stallions that ever lived, was by Camel, son of Whalebone by Waxy by Pot-8-o-'s by
EclipseM: Iis dam, Banter by Master Henry, son of Orville by Beningbrough by King
lFrgais by Eclipse; second dam, Boadicea by Alexander, son of Eclipse. The great
Stock well was munch inibred on his dam's side, Pocahontas by Glencoe, dam Marpessa
'y IMuley, eon of Orville by Beningbrough by King Fergus by Eclipse. Mnley's dam,
Elesuuaor by Whiskey, son of Saltrani by Eclipse. Poeahontas grandam was Clare by
Mlari..ion, son. of Whiskey by Saltram by Eclipse; (lare's dam, Harpalice by Gohanna,
son of Mercury by Eclipse. Queen Mary, the dam of Blink Bonny, Bonnie Ssotlanld,
etc., was much inbred. Gladiator, her sire, was by Partisan, .son f Walton by Sir
Peter Ihy Highflyer by Herod; her dam by Plenipotentiary, son of Enuilils by Orville
by Iinghgrouigh by King Fergus by Eclipse: her grandam, Myrrha by Whalebone,
so.m of Waxy by Pot-S -':. by Eclipse; her great grandam, Gift by Y. Gohanna, sonl of
Goha ..nai by 'Mereury by Eclipse, out of a dauligter of Sir Peter, son of llighflyer
by lherd. Partisan was ont of Parasol by Pot-8-o-'s, son of Eclipse. Pocalhoitas'
beet Seo, Stockwell, was by an inbred horse, and Blink Bonny, Queen Mary's
bcst danghter, was by Melbourne, a horse inbred to Herod anld Eclipse. So, if
the lra'e rvultiol of good bhloo through inlbreeding in these striking cases has been
asinclxca, asi it not reasonable to suppose that the same results maust follo inbreed-
ing to gooa.l blood and true shape with other desirable qualities in this country I
Bostoni wa.'. inbred to Diomed, as also his beet son, Lexington. Wanderer and Itneas
are bothl maimilah inbred on the dani's side, being out of a grandaughter of Glencoe and
tracing to an own sister of the old hero. Glenmore, one of the best race-borses
recently a-ma the turf, and whoe performances are of the best at all distanc ee, is -ery
umiacla ilaFireA. His d&,n, Lotta, is by Hunter's Glencoe, son of imp. Glencee and
the Blame filly (Fiatt) by imp. ffedigefird, she out of Lady Tho.i.pkiais by Anieri-n
Elise. ;P Glenmore's grandam,, Sally Lewis, is by imp. Glencoe; her dlaui., Mlotto by iUp.
Barefoot, out of Lady Thompkins by Am. Eclipse. Barefoot was by Tra.lp and Clen-
cue's dauma by Tramp, so that lie is, strictly speaking, incestuously bred; yet he was s
first clues rac. e-hIrse. Norfoelk, am superior race-horse, is inbred to Sir Archy- and Iia,-
med. Fallsett, is ihibredl to Lexington, the dam of his sire is by Lexington, and hi,
grandamn by Lexington, and hle haIs nine crosses of Ifiouned. Ilmp. Eclipse was unilch
inhbred; his dain Gaze was by Bay Middleton, son of Sultan aind Cobweb by Phantom,
1411 of Walton; Flycatcher, his grandam, was by Gololphibi, son f Partisan by Walton,
and his gra:t grandam was an own sister to Cobweb by Phantom. Then if the Lex-
ington, Leamington and Glencoe bloodl is to be preserved to the country, it can only be
dlone by a judicious course of inbreeding, and so uniting the choice of both as to com-
bine and render permanent the qualities possessed by each. Some regard inbreed-

 



INTRODUCTION.



ing as an active cause of degeneration, as unnatural and calculated to develop heredi-
tary diseases. These evils can only spring from abuse of the system. If proper care
is taken to exclude the weak and those having hereditary tendencies to disease from
participation in, reproduction, it may be the means of preserving those estiutable qual-
ities so mnuch desired in the equine race, and transmitting them unimpaired to sileceed-
ing generations. The greatest success has been achieved by breeding fronm the lic.re st
affinities of blood, and one should not hesitate to breed a half-brother or sister to-
gether where they possess many points of superiority. In the selection of a stallion
we want first pure blood, size, substance and conformation with symmetry, not a tall,
narrow-chested horse,but one inclined to be thick-set; all coarseness should Ile avoided,
especially in the head, neck, shoulders, ankles and hocks; the eye should lIe large,
clear and bright, with no coarse hair about it, the absence of whith is indicative f
high breeding in all animals; the jawbones not too massive or heavy, tapering gradually
to the nose, free fromt beefiness; good space between the jawbones for the windpipe;
a clear, full, steady eye denotes good temper and enduring qualities, whilst thle one
showing too much white is generally found in flighty, speedy, non-staying horses.
The neck of ioderate length, deep and not too thick at the crest or curve; nlwstrils
large, full and roomy. The chest moderately wide, the shoulder blade oblique and
inclined backward, with suifficient muscle to cover it, with arms long and mnuscular,
 nnon bones short and flat, and the pasterms moderately long, not upright; knee
broad and fiat, and rather inclined to arch or bend over than backward or callf-kineld,
which caauses an extra tension on the back tendons; chest deep, extending dilnu  be -
twveen the elbows, which should lbe straight, inclining neither ill nor omit,   I toes
loinited straight forward; boldy anti barrel round andl not too long; imuscular archedi
loins, with good length from point of the hip to hauinch bone, a slight dlrompilig
towards the root of the tail, good length fromt hip to point of stifle and thenec to, the
hock, which should be broad, finely cut and free troum beeiness; the caolon lhones
fiat, tendons detached and well defined, feet strong and hoof nio.t too large or toi suall:
back ribs long, round, and slightly detached front the hill joint. There shoidl le bsuffl-
cient general length, not to be determined by the length of the back, but the grliind
the horse covers when standing in a natural position. Good bloIo is essenitia nlnd
necessary, but good form is superiority. In the selection of brood niares, frn il is as
much a desideratum as in the stallion. First select from the itnost fatshionabhe blood
front runnaing families oit both sdees with conformation, constitutionl, good tesiqjier and
speed. Some prefer large mares, others of mtedium height. Large mares are noot pre-
ferable because they are large, but if wvell and truly shaped, front running blood, there
is no objection to size.  As a rule, the deep-chested, large-bolied, short-legged
mares, with large pelvis, with wide hips .nat good length, fronm 15 to 151 hailds bight,
have proved the best and most succesffil brood m.ares. The mare, ahre all things,
should be gooti-temtpered atud free fromi all hereditary defects and disease. It dlues nut
follow that a mnare which titay be blemished from some unforeseen cause Iitay not be as
good a brood mare as ous  entirely sound. Mares in good health will breed Bittil
twenity-five or thirty years old, but they require attenition, air and exercise, with
proper shelter from storms and bad weather, with sufficient foodl to keep theii A:lways
ill goodl, strong condition-not beefy fat, as nothing is more fatal to frititfulitess than
obesity.  Unless kept in good, strong condition, the foals are apt to be weak and
weedy at birth. The time to make a race-horse is whett the foal is in embyro; ill the



xi

 



xNiTIUODILCTION.



Irish verunacular, to make a race-horse you must do so before he is born. fitallions, to do
thlnenselv-e justice, junst have plenty of exercise in the open air. If they cainnot ble
triusted in an open paddock, they sho.ld be ridden three or fonr hours each day. Idle-
ness resUlts in indigestion, loss of vigor and flatulence, which often prove fatal. Tlhe
colts froni the day they are foaled should be fed, if the daun does not afford sunflicien1t
minilk to insure speedy and healthy growth, and brokeun at weaning time, which sholdl
be tIbe last of September or first of October. It is a capital phlan to feed the  olts ill
penis for a month or six weeks before weaning then.. I am decidedly of the opinion
that falls which comne tihe last of March or first of April have falul as munnch advan-
tage: as thnose foaled earlier before the grasses, necessary to afford all aunlile supply of
nuilk frmnln the dlanin, arrive at perfection.  Those who believe in having early folls
should nl1 ways sow dowvn inn the early fall a patch of good rye for the use of the nmnares
and fo;als. Stallions, mnares and colts all require plenity of fresh air anid exercise; air
and light is life-larkness, lcath. llorses, and particinlarly colts, fronun their natural
activity. renjunire mo.re exen-ise thaun any ther anninnnals, anld wlheun properly given it
is pronlucti e of the most salnitary effects. It is tIne more necessary to colts highly and
grossly Iccil thaln tow those stinted or fedl mnonteratcl3-. It eunables yonn to plreserve tlnem
in a lperih nt stante of bealthl. The fuool is coniverted inntnu wholesonie nnourislnneunt, the
 ircunlaltion of the bloodl pronlotnml, amid all1 the secretions aunt iis arges fac ilitatesd. It
innvignrat-sll the wInole systeun, gives addlitiual tflow to tIhe pirits, anidds fimuness and
strcnugth to the junnnscles, increases the firunless, texture awlu growth of tihe bonne, pro-
mnot.s iuneensible perspiration, assists dligestion, prevents 9hatuhlemne and prepares the
systn-nn for fresh snipplies if oalinnemnt. It enaleies tIne aninnual to cnndnire fintigine. In fact,
without counstant au..d Inlaitilmd exercise mo :ninninnl canl enjoy perflect health. tHigh
fcedlimng Without proper exe rcise prollnns  muanny evils, such as inidigestioun, flatulcmncy,
costi.-vee-,s: the3 cnrcnlatioln 1ecounes langindn, ineunrable diseases follow, amni frequnently
deathn tu-rmimnintes tIne se  17ne. TIne stalinlnns anld munares, treatel as I hIave advised, whose
bllmnn is pnnr, nail nnnucnntamnnimnated, :n..l Iwhose .onfrnnnatinn, strength. activity aind
vigor aYre conspicununus inn every nmnovennnenit, mnnust innlnart to thneiroffsprinig unot onnly sonnnd
cunilstitnutiolns, luit speend, native ire aninl energy, wlnich are nnecessary to nnpport tinem
inniuler thl Hsv-rerst exercise of thneir po -e rs. With their variety of s.il, perenninial
grasses anndl fu-vornhule chininate, the Amnericfans snonuln exeel all nn:ntomns inn prodin-ig
tIne most perfec t amnd the graunulest of the quinne race. Thne greatest daniger whuicl
threnltenns unnr lultimate snnccs m sK tine .gr:nmndest breediung andl racinng nnattinnn of the earth
is the constacit inflix f tlnu re j    Iten anl trashy aunim:nls imnuporteH. What the lbre ders
amid rmnciung nilnml of Eungland 1du inot wmnnt camnunot improve the blood horse of Ammnerica,
but, nlpoIn the cointrary, work irreluarahble injunry.



Xii

 













       THE THOROUGHBRED HORSE;


HIS ORIGIN, HOW TO BREED HIM AND HOW TO

                             SELECT HIM.




   TIE native country of the horse is not certainly known. According to ancient
classwi iiiythology, the beautiful and useful animal originated in the contention of two
deitihs. clnlous to confer on the human race the most valuable gif