xt7np55dcb97 https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt7np55dcb97/data/mets.xml Hore, John Philip. 1886  books b98-53-42679586v3 English A.H. Baily, : London : Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Horse racing Great Britain. Newmarket (England) History. Great Britain History Stuarts, 1603-1714. History of Newmarket  : and the annals of the turf: with memoirs and biographical notices of the habitubes of Newmarket, and the notable turfites, from the earliest times to the end of the seventeenth century (vol. 3)/ by J.P. Hore. text History of Newmarket  : and the annals of the turf: with memoirs and biographical notices of the habitubes of Newmarket, and the notable turfites, from the earliest times to the end of the seventeenth century (vol. 3)/ by J.P. Hore. 1886 2002 true xt7np55dcb97 section xt7np55dcb97 


















          THE

HISTORY OF NEWMARKET,

          AND



THE ANNALS OF THE



TURF.

 This page in the original text is blank.

 


T H E



HISTORY OF NEWMARKET,

                    AND


   THE 4NNALS OF THE TURF.



    WITH MEMOIRS AND BIOGRAPHICAL NOTICES
OF THE HABITUES OF NEWMARKET, AND THE NOTABLE
   TURFITES FROM THE EARLIEST TIMES TO THE
      END OF THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY.


                    BY

                J. P. HORE.



            IN THREE VOL UMES.

                  VOL. III.
HISTORY OF NEWMARKET: FROM 33 CHARLES IL. (A.D. i68) TO
      THE END OF THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY.
ANNALS OF THE TURF: FROM THE RESTORATION (A.n. i66o) TO
      THE END OF THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY.




                 LONDON:
           A. H. BAILY AND CO.,
     i5, NICHOLAS LANE, CANNON STREET, E.C.
                    x886.
                [All rights reserved.]

 This page in the original text is blank.

 


                   CONTENTS.





                     BOOK XIV.
                                                  PAGE:
NEWMARKET IN THE REIGN OF CHARLES II. (ContinUed).
    x68x-I682..... ...  ...  ...   ... ..     ..    I


                      BOOK XV.

NEWMARKET IN THE REIGN OF CHARLES II. (Concluded).
    i683-1684...  ...   ...             ...   ... 55


                     BOOK XVI

THE ANNALS OF THE TURF IN THE REIGN OF CHARLES II.
    x66oI68o ...   .... ...     ...   ...     ... 103


                    BOOK XVII.

THE ANNALS OF THE TURF IN THE REIGN OF CHARLES II.
   (Continued). x68I-1684... ...  ...     ...    145


                    BOOK XVIII.

NEWMARKET IN THE REIGNS OF JAMES II. AND WILLIAM III.
   ii685-ii699........ .... ...   ...  ...   ... T92


                     BOOK XIX

THE ANNALS OF THE TURF IN THE REIGN OF JAMES II.
   I 685-I 688... ...                  .......  .    ...233

 


Viii                 CONTENTS.


                      BOOK XX.
                                                  PAGE
THE ANNALS OF THE TURF IN THE REIGN OF WILLIAM III.
   x689-x693...   ...   ...  ...   ...  ...   ... 268


                     BOOK XXI.

THE ANNALS OF THE TURF IN THE REIGN OF WILLIAM III.
   (Continued). I694-1699... ...   ...  ...   ... 309


                     BOOK XXII.

THOROUGHBRED STUDS IN ENGLAND FROM THE RESTORATION
   TO THE END OF THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY          346

INDEX  ...   ...   ...  ..    ...  ...   ...    . 383

 
























































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                             40
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 This page in the original text is blank.

 


THE HISTORY OF NEWMARKET,
                             AND

      THE ANNALS OF THE TURF.

                            -eO-

                       BOOK XIV.

NEWMARKET IN THE REIGN OF CHARLES II. (continued.)
                        i68I-1682.

i68i. The spring meeting boycotted by the King in order to make
    Bibury successful-The autumn meeting-Arrival of the King,
    Queen, and court-Other members of the royal family at the
    palace-Passing events-Cock- fighting-Pedestrianism, training,
    trials, theatricals, etc.-Turf gossip-Prolonged visit of the King-
    All the celebrities present-Enormous attendance-Scarcity of
    lodgings-Affairs of State under difficulties-The King's disinclina-
    tion for business-Arrival of the Mayor and Corporation of Oxford-
    Their presumptuous petition-Informally presented to the King on
    the race-course-A scene-The Mayor and Aldermen mobbed on
    the Heath-They are protected from the "black-guard " by Nell
    Gwynn-Nell and the King-Her vi/la venatica adjoining the
    palace Frequency of her visits to Newmarket-Racing intelligence
    -Foreign affairs-The Corps Diplomatique-Squabbles between the
    French and Spanish Ambassadors-Their curious audiences with the
    King-Arrival of the Vice-Chancellor and heads of the Cambridge
    University-Present a loyal address and invite the royal family to
    Cambridge-A royal visit to the University-Life at Newmarket-
    Great increase of visitors-Movements of the ministers-The races-
    Entries for the October meeting-The weights, wagers, distances,
    etc.-Current events-The King and Sir John Reresby-The royal
    recreations-Heavy betting-Sir Robert Carr's losses-The King
    sups with the jockeys at the Duke of Albemarle's-Expenses of the
    court during this sojourn-Cost of works and buildings at the palace
    -1682. The spring meeting-Arrival of the King, Queen, the
    Duke of York, and the court-Receive an ovation-Greyhounds not
    to be taken to Newmarket during the meeting-Royal command to
    VOL. III.                                          B

 


THE HISTORY OF NEWMARKET. [BOOK XIV.



supply cocks-The King's levee-Arrival of the Duke of York and
the Scotch nobility-And several highwaymen-Robberies on the
Heath-The races-Cold sport-Match between the King's horse,
Corke, and Mr. Rider's French horse-Post Boy v. Mouse-More
confessions of the Secretary of State in attendance on the King-
Enormous attendance-Dearth of lodgings-Expected visit of the
Ambassador Extraordinary of Morocco-H.E. sends the King a
present of two lions and thirty ostriches-Charles returns the com-
pliment by presenting him with a flock of geese-A house taken for
the Embassy at xo a week-Appropriated by the Dutch Ambassador
-Who is evicted-But is conditionally re-admitted-The races-
The King's horses beaten again-The Lords and their lodgings-
Assassination of Tom Thynne- Intended duel between Count
Coningsmark and Lord Cavendish-Interdicted by the King-Move-
ments of the ministers-Racing intelligence-Curious dispute about
an alleged false start-The starter's duties-The dispute referred to
the King for decision-Arrival of the Embassy from Morocco-H.E.
receives a royal reception-Scenes on the Heath-Current events-
Lord Halifax and the Duke of York-Affability of the Merry Monarch
-Is "hail fellow, well met" with all sportsmen-Hawking, cocking
theatricals, etc.-Court patronage-Object of the Duke of York's visit
-H.R.H. the Duchess of Portsmouth's subsidy-Proposed grant to
her of Qiooooo out of the revenue of the Post Office-The scheme
abortive-She obtains ioooo a year out of the French pension-
The Duke of Monmouth deprived of the Chancellorship of Cambridge
University-The Duke of Albemarle appointed by the King to the
post-Proceedings thereon at Newmarket-Passing events-Samuel
Petys-Lord Bouncker-Mary Knight-Memoir of Tom Thynne-
The autumn meeting-Highwaymen on the Heath-Their depre-
dations-The royal visit postponed for a fortnight-Causes much
inconvenience and loss-Coaching between London and Newmarket
-The ordinaries during the meeting-Great expectations-Departure
of the King, Queen, and court-Received with acclamation at New-
market-A foot-race for 300 guineas-Hunting-Racing news-The
highwaymen again-Great match between Guardhorse and Teague-
The course impeded by the spectators-Fatal accident during the
race-- Passing events-Tennis-Unfavourable weather spoils sport-
Movements of the Duke of York-Arrest of the Duke of Monmouth
-The King's bad luck-His horse Dragon beaten by Post-Boy-Lord
Conway's remarks on this " top horse of England "--Alleged castra-
tion of Dragon to qualify for a match-Dr. Hawkesworth's statement
thereon-Apparently confuted by the Duke of York-The Duke's
letter to the Prince of Orange-Historic doubts-The King and the
pickpocket-Dog-stealers-Works and buildings at the palace-Sir
Christopher Wren's bill for making dials for the grand stand-
Expenses of the court during this sojourn -Death of Sir Robert Carr
-Memoir-Death of Thomas Ai/zgrew-Memoir.

 

NO SPRING MEE YiN1G.



TILE spring meeting, which in the ordinary course
of events should have taken place at New-   charle I.
market in March, i86i, was suppressed by     1681.
the king's commands, and the royal plate,   ewmarket.
hitherto given by Charles II. to be run for at head-
quarters during this meeting, was transferred to
Burford, where, chiefly owing to political circumstances,
the races came off with all the eclal possible to impart
to the latter reunion by the court.
   It seems strange to our modern ideas that politics
should play such a prominent part in connection with
the turf in those days; and it is a further proof of the
popularity of the national sport in England at this
time, because it is impossible to disguise the fact, that
on the occasion in question, the races at Bibury were
devised by the court to detract the attention of a
portion of the public from certain ominous affairs of
State. However, we are indebted to these circum-
stances for the knowledge of the fact that Charles II.
had instituted a twelve-stone plate, to be run for at
some of the preceding spring meetings at Newmarket.
And were it not for this incident we should have pro-
bably remained in total ignorance that this royal plate
constituted an important item on the card of those
meetings at Newmarket.

   " These are to give Notice, that the Plate the King used to
give every Spring at the Twelve Stone Heats at Newmarket,
will be run for this year at Burford Heats the 17th day of
March next, by the same Articles as it used to be at New-
market."-The " London Gazette," Feb. j4, i68o, No. 159I.
          See Book XVII., Annals-Bibury meeting, i68i.



1681.1



3

 

THE HISTORY OF NEWMARKET. [BooK XIV.



   " By a Second Letter from New-Market, we are Informed
 harles IL  that his Majesty being Arrived there; after dinner
   1681.  was divertized with a Match of Cock-Fighting;
Newmarket- upon which many of the Court lay'd great
September. Wagers, and 'tis said his Majesty was pleased
to Bet several Guinnies, after that a Foot Race was Run,
between a Country Fellow and a Foot Man, there being great
odds layed upon the Head of the latter, but notwithstanding
he was a clever and well made Person, and the Country Man
to bee so very heavy and cumbersome, yet the Countryman
won the Race, by almost 40 yards, to the great admiration of
all that were present. The Evening was spent in Heats and
Breathings of several Horses, in order to prepare them for the
Races that are very speedily to be Run there. We here that
the Lady Ann and her Governess are already arrived there,
and that his Royal Highness is suddainly expected."-The
"Domestick Intelligence," September -I, i68i, No. 32.
   " From New-Market they advise, that their Majesties con-
tinue there in good health, to the great satisfaction of the
Gentry and Commonalty in those parts, and that several
Sports have been lately devized for their Recreation, as
Racing, Masques, and such other Entertainments as the place
is capable of furnishing. And further they add, that next
week a great Horse-Race will be Run upon .the Heath, upon
which is and will be betted 2o00 Guinneys at the least."-
Ibid., September 12, No. 33.

    Luttrell inscribed in his diary that on September
8, i86i, "about five in the morning, his majestic sett
forward for Newmarkett, where he will continue for
some time; and the evening before, the lord mayor,
aldermen, and sheriffs waited on his majestic, to wish
him a good journey." On the 9th, the king continued
in good health, and was diverted at Newmarket with
hawking, cock-fighting, and racing. Unfortunately,
                " Diary," vol. i. pp. 124, 125.



4

 

lunt.]        "1-f 1 U(CIUff-IfK MP-AIIIV&.         5

very little information is given relative to these diver-
sions. As usual, the town was full to overflowing;
the prominent turfites present included Lord Thomond,
Lord Halifax, Lord Hyde, Lord Arlington, Sidney
Godolphin, and   Mr. Savile.   Lord   Conway was
minister in attendance on the court, and, as we learn
from his letters to Mr. Secretary Jenkins, found it
tough work to get through the routine affairs of State.
Everything had to be done through the royal pre-
rogative; but when royalty was racing, business had
to take its chance when the king was in bed; if it was
not transacted under those circumstances, it had to be
altogether deferred. At any rate, such invariably was
the case at the Newmarket autumnal meeting in the
year of grace i68i.
    Some of these business matters are characteristic of
the age. Thus Lord Conway reports to Whitehall, on
September I5, that for two or three days past, the
Mayor and Aldermen of Oxford were staying at New-
market with an humble petition, praying that the king
would be graciously pleased to confirm the nomination
of Mr. Thomas Prince, to fill the then vacant town
clerkship of that city.
   His Majesty commanded Lord Conway. to inform
the petitioners that Mr. Prince did not meet with his
approbation, " to which they answered, they were sorry
for it, and so went away," sadder, if not wiser men.t
   These Oxford civic authorities fared badly over
    "On the King's remove to Newmarket every body is more pressing
in their concerns."-Henry Savile to Secretary Jenkins. Paris, Feb. 26,
1862. State Papers, Foreign. France, bundle 299. M.S. P. R. 0.
t State Papers, Dom., September, i68i.



. -  



err ram _ rw rx ale r-rwr

 

THE HISTORY OF NEWMARKET. [Boor XIV.



this business. On their arrival at Newmarket, they
could not get any of the court officials to introduce
them to the king, so that they were forced to lie in
wait until his Majesty arrived on the Heath. This
opportunity soon occurred; the petition was uncere-
moniously presented, and the answer to be subsequently
received from Lord Conway as above described. The
roughs enjoyed the incident, and resented the pre-
sumption of Oxford citizens for daring to introduce
business where pleasure should alone prevail. " Those
that they call the back guard, treated them very
rudely, calling them Presbyterian petitioners and
Whiggish dogs, and saluted them into the bargain
with stones and dirt."  During the commotion, Nell
Gwynn arrived and called out to the king: " Charles,
I hope I shall have your company at night, shall I
not " an incident which probably saved the worthy
citizens from further molestation.t
   The king's disinclination to attend to business
matters, of even affairs of State, during a race meeting
is exemplified in the following letter, dated " Whitehall
Oct. 2," written by his Majesty to his daughter, Char-
lotte, Countess of Lichfield:-
   " I have had so much business since I came thither
[from Windsor] that I hope you will not think that I
have neglected writing to you out of want of kindnesse
to my deare Charlotte, I am gowing to Newmarkett,
and have a great deal of businesse to despatch to-night,
therefore I will only tell you now that I have five
   "The Letters of Humphry Prideaux, Dean of Norwich, to John
Ellis, Under Secretary of State " pp. go-ioi.  t Ibid.



6

 

DIPLOMACY.



hundred guinyes for you wch shall be delivered to your
selfe or any who you shall appointe to receave it, and
so my dear Charlotte be assured that I love you with
all my harte being your kinde father   C. R."
    At Newmarket, complications in foreign affairs
necessitated the presence of all the ambassadors; and
Lord Lindsey submitted grievances relating to Scot-
land which were handed over to Sir Robert Carr,t to
investigate when his racing and hawking pleasures
permitted. But the most troublesome part of all was
" the Spanish ambassador's memorial, in which he acts
like Schollars who by way of Sophistry will draw a
Conclusion, which is not comprehended in the Propo-
sitions." The difficulty of getting the king to attend
to these transactions, and the diplomatic squabbles of
the French and Spanish ambassadors, are related by
the minister as follows :
    " 'Tis true," writes Lord Conway, in a despatch to
Whitehall, " that Mons" Barillon is at New-market,
and Don Pedro may be so too, if he thinks fit, But the
King doth protest that vpon no Account in the world
hath he had three words of discourse with him since
he came either Private or Public, and I am in a great
measure a witness of this truth, that the French
Ambassadr hath told me the King is so perpetually at
his Sports and Recreations abroad, that he can find no
opportunity for businesse, 'Tis true I give you a
constant account of your Letters, but little think how
much paines I take for it, either when he [the King]
   MS., Viscount Dillon, at Ditchley House, Oxon.
  t Sir Robert Carr was appointed Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
about this time.



1681.]



7

 

THE HISTORY OF NEWMARKET. [BOOK XIV.



goes to the Closse-Stoole, or when he goes to bed or
just as he hath donne sleeping after Dinner--there is
no other time for it. Now for Don Pedro to make a
noyse of the French Ambassad- kind reception, and
his extraordinary Privacys with the King, and to act
this with passion and concern like a Harlequine, is in
my opinion a most insufferable thing, and his Ma'y
ought to show his Resentment of it to Don Pedro de
Ronquillos."
    In another letter concerning the election of the
Town Clerk of Oxford, without the king's approbation,
Lord Conway said his Majesty conceived it made void
their Charter, and Jenkins was desired " to take care
it be prosecuted, in case it so happened." In that case
the Charter would have to be renewed and confirmed,
an event which would put money in the royal coffers.
Much solicitude was evinced relative to the appoint-
ment of the new Lord Mayor of London, which gave
rise to some heavy betting.
    " On the i8th Gower Vice-chanceller of the Uni-
versity of Cambridge, with the heads of the houses,
doctors &c waited on the King and in a solem speech
in the name of the University returned his Majesty
their hearty thanks for his resolution to maintain the
government as established by law, both in church and
    The Corporation of the city of Oxford contested the right divine to
interfere in their fiscal affairs. Towards the end of the following year,
they received a royal mandate to proceed forthwith with the election of a
new town clerk, which they not only refused, but would not even open
the king's letter, on the ground that being in suit with the Crown in
defence of their rights, they could not until the trial was over, read his
Majesty's letter. However, they had eventually to give in: a new charter
was graciously granted, and as the king prognosticated, the fees thereunto
pertaining went into the royal exchequer.



8

 

AFFAIRS OF STATE.



state &C, which met with a gracious reception from his
majesty.". The king continued in good health, and
was "diverted with hunting and horse racing." t On
the 27th, the king, queen, and court, paid a visit to
Cambridge, "the bells ringing, conduits running with
wine, and other publick demonstrations of joy." After
being sumptuously entertained at dinner, the royal
party returned the same afternoon to Newmarket.
The king now was more intent than ever on his sports,
and Conway was occasionally successful in transacting
State business in his Majesty's "bed-chamber." On
October 2, his lordship announces that the king would
return to town on the i ith, if his presence was abso-
lutely necessary, when the sessions were to be held at
the Old Bailey; but Jenkins was enjoined to consult
the Chief Justice and other lords to ascertain if his
Majesty's presence could be dispensed with, as he was
anxious to remain longer at Newmarket. Foreign
affairs still occupied the minister's attention, who could
make little progress therewith.  He was desirous to
return to London, having had " enough of the ayre of
New-markett." On the 7th he writes: " My Lord
Mordant kept up the King last night till 12 o'clock,
having got him accidentally in his clossett, & for two
howers was endeavouring to reconsile him to the Duke
of Monmouth, of which his Majesty gave me a narra-
   Luttrell, " Diary," vol. i. p. 128.
  t Ibid., p. i29.
  t When the royal party came within the jurisdiction of the borough,
they were met by the mayor and aldermen, who presented his Majesty
with fifty broad pieces, and the queen with fifty guineas.-The " Current
Intelligence," No. 47.
   Ibid., p. 131.



1681.]



9

 

THE HISTORY OF NEWMARKET. [BooK XIV.



tive as soon as the other went away. And I think his
Lordship received little satisfaction." 
   The following day Lord Conway and Lord Halifax
left Newmarket, when Sir Joseph Williamson arrived
and succeeded them in attendance on the king, at which
time "our company here begins to increase exceed-
ingly." On the i2th the court returned to Whitehall.t
          In the mean time these following Matches of
Horse Races, are made to be run in the Months of
October and December (viz.)


       A4 List of the Horse-Matches to be Run
            at New-Market October next.



Shuffler against Looby
Pet Lamb ag. Tinker
  on the first.
Mackrel ag. Ringtail
  on the first.
Robin ag. Whitebutock,'
  and Kick-up
  on the seventh, and)
Robin half a stone under
Bob. ag. Traveller
  on the eight



stone
I0
09

o8



wagers
100
200

500



first t   miltes].
50         4
       6

200          4



09     200   100    4



them.
I 7



100    50



to



  start between the 2 Hills, & so over the Course.
  Bull ag. Woodcock         9     300    150      6
    on the I 3th.
   Lord Conway to Mr. Secretary Jenkins. State Papers, Dom.,
sub ann.
  t Luttrell's " Diary," vol. i. p. 131.
  t Forfeit: a printer's error.



to

 

THE MA TCHES.



Gage ag. Parker
  on the 20th.
Barb ag. Woodcock
  three weeks after
  Bulls Match.      )
Zhatour ag. Doub/fud
  on the i ith.
Pearl ag. Why-not
  on the i5th.
Bull ag. Woodcock
  the 2nd time from
  the 7 mile Ditch
Aforgans Mare ag.
  Tege on
Scotch Galloway ag.
  Taps/er on
Sir Rob. Gaer Horse'
  Chopper, and Mr. j
  Rowes Gelding, both
  against Kick-up, on
  the
Post-Boy ag. Draggon
  and Draggon the
  first Rides
Draggon ag. Clubb on
  the first of December.



stone wagers  first mil[es].
8   I002    50I        4



8    500



10

10



200    6



500   203



500



9    coo



8    300



6



200    6



200    7



4



8    500    250    4



200 a piece



8. 61ib
      .1000
9. I
9    500



500



6




6



200    6



   " These Matches may be altered by consent, and
the Guard-Horse, hath paid two forfeits, one to
Leaden-heels and the other to Madcap. Hobler will
                 Forfeit: a printer's error.



1681.]



I I

 

12       THE HISTORY OF NEWMARKET. [BooK XIV.

pay his forfeit to Post-Boy; there will be more Matches,
to shew the King sport." 
   The following items of news at Newmarket are
taken from Sir John Raresby's " Memoirs ":-
   "September i 3.  I went towards Newmarket
where the King then was. I carried my two eldest
sons with me, intending to put them to school in the
South, finding they improved but little in the country.
The face of things began much to alter in England at
this time. The Duke [of York] that was in Scotland,
was extremely courted by that kingdom. The Parlia-
ment called there confirmed the succession and
uniformity of religion, in opposition to popery and
fanaticism, which were two extraordinary acts at such
a time, and had great influence upon England, and
much discouraged the anti-Court party. My Lord
Halifax was chief favorite and minister at this time.
     Sept. 19. I went from Cambridge to New-
market, where I first waited upon my Lord Hyde,
desiring him to introduce me to the King to present
him with an address. About twelve that day he
appointed me to attend in such a room, where the
King came, ordered me to read it, and afterwards
taking it of me, gave me his hand to kiss. Afterwards
I waited of the King into the room, where he asked
me many questions of the situation and extent of
Hallamshire. I told him it was a body of hardware
men, or makers of edge tools, incorporated by Act of
Parliament; and it extended five miles in compass
from Sheffield, being a very populous place. My
        The " Current Intelligence," Sept. 24, i68r, No. 45.

 

HEA VY BETTING.



Lord Hyde took me that day to dine with him at my
Lord Conway's, then Secretary of State. Sept. 20. I
went hawking with the King, where I had an oppor-
tunity to speak to him a good while, and to tell him
some things relating to his service. I complained to
him of a neighbouring justice of the peace, who
refused to sign the address, though he lived within the
compass of Halamshire, and was discouraging others
from doing it. The King told me he should not stay
long in the commission; but I had some reasons that
prevailed with me not to pursue the business so far.
That afternoon I went to Bury, to see my Lady
Monson, my aunt. Sept. 22. I returned to New-
market, went to hawk with the King in the morning,
and in the afternoon, set forward for London, where I
arrived safe the next day with my sons." 
   In conclusion, it only remains to be noted that
heavy betting apparently was the rule at this meeting.
Sir Charles Lyttleton, in a letter to Lord Hatton tells
him-" Sir Robert Carr has lost 65000 or 6ooo upon
several matches at Newmarket; 't and that the king
supped at Duke of Albemarle's, "and all the jockeys
with him," when the matches above mentioned were
made.:
   The expenses of the king, queen, "et familia,"
at Newmarket in September, i68i, amounted to
1463 i5s. iold.   The Vice-Chancellor and the
doctors of the University of Cambridge were enter-

    " Memoirs," by J. J . Cartwright, M.A. London, 1 87 5, p. 218.
   t " Hatton Correspondence," vol. ii. p. 12.
     Finch MS., quoted in Hist. MS. Coss.



1681.1



1 3

 

' THE HISTORY OF NEWMARKET. [BooK XIV.



tained at the palace at a cost of 65 I 7s. 3:d.   The
" extraordinary " cost of the royal stables in the months
of April and September is set down at 3350 Is. 34,d.
The expenses of the king and queen at Newmarket in
the month of October are returned at 796 is. 5Td.

   Echard, in his " History of England," vol. iii. p. 638,
remarks that " On the ioth of September, both the King and
           Queen repaired to New-Market, to be entertain'd
 September. with the Pleasures and Diversions of that Place.
 Here they were soon attended by a numerous and Solemn
 Appearance of the University of Cambridge, at the head of
 which was the Vice-Chancellor, Dr. Humphrey Gower, Master
 of St. John's Colledge; who with the rest being admitted, he
 made the following Speech, of which great Notice was taken
at that Time."
   This address, which was couched in the usual strain about
the right divine, Church and State, and the Protestant succes-
sion, need not be repeated here. To it Charles vouchsafed a
gracious reply, complimented the Dons upon their loyalty, etc.,
and announced that he and his queen was about to pay a visit
to their University, which was duly done and performed on
September 27, when their majesties were attended from New-
market to Cambridge " by the whole court." t
   Lord Danby, writing from the Tower of London, to his
friend Lord Chesterfield (who, as Chief Justice in Eyre, had
sent him a present of a stag), thus refers to Newmarket, with
which he was well acquainted. " The surprising newse of

   Cofferer's Accounts, Rot. s. d., which are much obliterated.
  t " The following items (having reference to a visit of the University
of Cambridge to the king and Duke of York at Newmarket) occur in the
account of Dr. Echard, vice-chancellor for the year ending November,
i68i:-
  " Paid Dr. Tennison at Newmarket to officers & Attendants upon
the University when they waited upon the King and Duke 36 los. 6d.
  " For a Bible presented to Sir Stephen Fox Z4.
  " Paid for Coaches & Servants charges in all 8 12s. 6d."-Cooper's
"Annals of Cambridge," vol. iii. p. 587. '



14

 

THE PALACE.



Strasburg and Cassall falling into the King of France his
hands att the same time, has made much discourse amongst
the politicians, and is believed by them will be the necessary
cause of calling a parliament speedily; but perhaps the variety
of diversions at Newmarket may make it take less impression
there."


   During the year i68o-i68i, the sum of 226 5S. 41d.
was spent on Newmarket Palace, when deal boards, oak
boards, pail posts, and rails cost 2 7 I 7s. 4d.;
bricks and tiles, stone, sand, lime, hearth
laths, hair, and nails, LI 2 7s. 6d.; lead, Li ios. id.;
gravel, 3 7s.; locksmith's wares and smith's work,
9 8s.; and for glass and glazing work,  52 13s. 5 'd.
The wages of the carpenters, bricklayers, labourers, and
the clerk of the works, amounted to 32 5s. 6d. The
task work included a payment of 7 I3S. to William
Jessop, carpenter, for boarding a chamber in the Lord
Chamberlain's lodgings, for making a portal in the
Duke of York's lodgings, for mending the floors by
the king's stairs, for making a locker for coals in the
king's eary, and, finally, for making shelves in the
confectioner's room. Richard Morley, bricklayer, re-
ceived 4 i6s. for sinking a well at the slaughter-
house, and for bricks and mortar used there. Thomas
Page, mason, was allowed 2 12S. for work done in
the kitchen; and Alexander Fort, joiner, for work
done in the king's bedchamber, in the king's dressing-
room, wainscoting in the Duchess of Portsmouth's 

    " The Duchess of Portsmouth hath been lately indisposed at New-
market, & 'tis said she hath sent for a doctor or two thither.'- Luttrell,
Vi. p. 126.



1681.]

 

THE HISTORY OF NEWAMARKET. [BooK XIV.



lodgings, and for making shelves and other things
about the said lodgings received 72 I 7s. 6d.


   To Thomas Donekley his Mats Chappell Closett-Keeper,
by ye Warrants of the Lord Chamberlain dated the xxxih of
           October i68o and the xijth of December, i68i, for
 September. washing of Surplices, ffor Broomes, Rubbers, and
            Wipers for both the Clossets, for loading and
unloading at removeing times the Goods under his charge,
ffor Provission of Holley Ivey Rosemery & Bayes, and for
his Court Livery, and for his Horsehire and other expencis in
severall journeys to Newmarkett &c between the xxixth of
Septr. 1679 and the xxix of Sept'. i68i . . . Clj". xj8. viijd.
Audit Office Records, s.d. (Rot. i i8.)
   To Henry Broekwell, Keeper of his Mats Musicall Instru-
ments, for mending and stringing the said Instruments, and
for removing them to and from Windsor and Newmarkett
during the space of three years ended Lady day i68i by
warrt dated the xxixth of November I68i . . . xxxiij".
(Ibid.)
   To Dr. Nicholas Staggins Master of his Matie8 Musicke in
   1881.  part of lxxviij". allowed to him, by warrant dated
   October. the xiiijth. of November i682, for his Charges in
           attending  upon his Matie. at Newmarket &
Windsor Clvj dayes in the year i68i at x8. V diem . . .
lxxiijli. vs. vd. (Rot I i9.)
   To Adam Pelter, Gardener, for Gravell, Turfe, and Work-
manshipp in making the Kings Garden at his House at New-
market by warrant dated ye xxviijtl of September i68i . . .
I x". (Ibid.)
   To Joseph Harvey, Esqr, Serjeant at Armes in Ordinary
to his Mat"e for his attendance upon his Matie at Newmarkett
by the space of iiij ijo. daies betweene ye xth of March 1679
and ye xijth of October i68i at x8. P diem by Warrant dated
ye Xviijyl of July i683 ... xlji. (Rot. I26.)



 L. T. R. Works and Buildings, No. ioo, MS. P. R. 0.

 

]NELL G WYNN.



   NELL, or rather ELEANOR GWYNN, the sprightly and warm-
hearted mistress of Charles II., whose name occurs in the
annals of this meeting, was a frequent habitue at Newmarket.
Like her rival, the Duchess of Portsmouth, she xvas not
honoured with apartments in the Palace. During the race
meetings at the Head-Quarters of the Turf, she usually occu-
pied the house which was her property, adjoining the royal seat,
where the king and the courtiers paid her frequent visits.
Nell is said to have been of Welsh extraction, and Hereford,
Oxford, and the Coal Yard, Drury Lane, have severally been
named as her birth-place. It is only certain, that the rugged
and light-hearted girl, who afterwards became the mo