xt7np55dcb97 https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt7np55dcb97/data/mets.xml Hore, John Philip. 1886 books b98-53-42679586v3 English A.H. Baily, : London : Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Horse racing Great Britain. Newmarket (England) History. Great Britain History Stuarts, 1603-1714. History of Newmarket : and the annals of the turf: with memoirs and biographical notices of the habitubes of Newmarket, and the notable turfites, from the earliest times to the end of the seventeenth century (vol. 3)/ by J.P. Hore. text History of Newmarket : and the annals of the turf: with memoirs and biographical notices of the habitubes of Newmarket, and the notable turfites, from the earliest times to the end of the seventeenth century (vol. 3)/ by J.P. Hore. 1886 2002 true xt7np55dcb97 section xt7np55dcb97 THE HISTORY OF NEWMARKET, AND THE ANNALS OF THE TURF. This page in the original text is blank. T H E HISTORY OF NEWMARKET, AND THE 4NNALS OF THE TURF. WITH MEMOIRS AND BIOGRAPHICAL NOTICES OF THE HABITUES OF NEWMARKET, AND THE NOTABLE TURFITES FROM THE EARLIEST TIMES TO THE END OF THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY. BY J. P. HORE. IN THREE VOL UMES. VOL. III. HISTORY OF NEWMARKET: FROM 33 CHARLES IL. (A.D. i68) TO THE END OF THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY. ANNALS OF THE TURF: FROM THE RESTORATION (A.n. i66o) TO THE END OF THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY. LONDON: A. H. BAILY AND CO., i5, NICHOLAS LANE, CANNON STREET, E.C. x886. [All rights reserved.] This page in the original text is blank. CONTENTS. BOOK XIV. PAGE: NEWMARKET IN THE REIGN OF CHARLES II. (ContinUed). x68x-I682..... ... ... ... ... .. .. I BOOK XV. NEWMARKET IN THE REIGN OF CHARLES II. (Concluded). i683-1684... ... ... ... ... 55 BOOK XVI THE ANNALS OF THE TURF IN THE REIGN OF CHARLES II. x66oI68o ... .... ... ... ... ... 103 BOOK XVII. THE ANNALS OF THE TURF IN THE REIGN OF CHARLES II. (Continued). x68I-1684... ... ... ... 145 BOOK XVIII. NEWMARKET IN THE REIGNS OF JAMES II. AND WILLIAM III. ii685-ii699........ .... ... ... ... ... T92 BOOK XIX THE ANNALS OF THE TURF IN THE REIGN OF JAMES II. I 685-I 688... ... ....... . ...233 Viii CONTENTS. BOOK XX. PAGE THE ANNALS OF THE TURF IN THE REIGN OF WILLIAM III. x689-x693... ... ... ... ... ... ... 268 BOOK XXI. THE ANNALS OF THE TURF IN THE REIGN OF WILLIAM III. (Continued). I694-1699... ... ... ... ... 309 BOOK XXII. THOROUGHBRED STUDS IN ENGLAND FROM THE RESTORATION TO THE END OF THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY 346 INDEX ... ... ... .. ... ... ... . 383 1w LO 40 LLS-3,, jj JO This page in the original text is blank. THE HISTORY OF NEWMARKET, AND THE ANNALS OF THE TURF. -eO- BOOK XIV. NEWMARKET IN THE REIGN OF CHARLES II. (continued.) i68I-1682. i68i. The spring meeting boycotted by the King in order to make Bibury successful-The autumn meeting-Arrival of the King, Queen, and court-Other members of the royal family at the palace-Passing events-Cock- fighting-Pedestrianism, training, trials, theatricals, etc.-Turf gossip-Prolonged visit of the King- All the celebrities present-Enormous attendance-Scarcity of lodgings-Affairs of State under difficulties-The King's disinclina- tion for business-Arrival of the Mayor and Corporation of Oxford- Their presumptuous petition-Informally presented to the King on the race-course-A scene-The Mayor and Aldermen mobbed on the Heath-They are protected from the "black-guard " by Nell Gwynn-Nell and the King-Her vi/la venatica adjoining the palace Frequency of her visits to Newmarket-Racing intelligence -Foreign affairs-The Corps Diplomatique-Squabbles between the French and Spanish Ambassadors-Their curious audiences with the King-Arrival of the Vice-Chancellor and heads of the Cambridge University-Present a loyal address and invite the royal family to Cambridge-A royal visit to the University-Life at Newmarket- Great increase of visitors-Movements of the ministers-The races- Entries for the October meeting-The weights, wagers, distances, etc.-Current events-The King and Sir John Reresby-The royal recreations-Heavy betting-Sir Robert Carr's losses-The King sups with the jockeys at the Duke of Albemarle's-Expenses of the court during this sojourn-Cost of works and buildings at the palace -1682. The spring meeting-Arrival of the King, Queen, the Duke of York, and the court-Receive an ovation-Greyhounds not to be taken to Newmarket during the meeting-Royal command to VOL. III. B THE HISTORY OF NEWMARKET. [BOOK XIV. supply cocks-The King's levee-Arrival of the Duke of York and the Scotch nobility-And several highwaymen-Robberies on the Heath-The races-Cold sport-Match between the King's horse, Corke, and Mr. Rider's French horse-Post Boy v. Mouse-More confessions of the Secretary of State in attendance on the King- Enormous attendance-Dearth of lodgings-Expected visit of the Ambassador Extraordinary of Morocco-H.E. sends the King a present of two lions and thirty ostriches-Charles returns the com- pliment by presenting him with a flock of geese-A house taken for the Embassy at xo a week-Appropriated by the Dutch Ambassador -Who is evicted-But is conditionally re-admitted-The races- The King's horses beaten again-The Lords and their lodgings- Assassination of Tom Thynne- Intended duel between Count Coningsmark and Lord Cavendish-Interdicted by the King-Move- ments of the ministers-Racing intelligence-Curious dispute about an alleged false start-The starter's duties-The dispute referred to the King for decision-Arrival of the Embassy from Morocco-H.E. receives a royal reception-Scenes on the Heath-Current events- Lord Halifax and the Duke of York-Affability of the Merry Monarch -Is "hail fellow, well met" with all sportsmen-Hawking, cocking theatricals, etc.-Court patronage-Object of the Duke of York's visit -H.R.H. the Duchess of Portsmouth's subsidy-Proposed grant to her of Qiooooo out of the revenue of the Post Office-The scheme abortive-She obtains ioooo a year out of the French pension- The Duke of Monmouth deprived of the Chancellorship of Cambridge University-The Duke of Albemarle appointed by the King to the post-Proceedings thereon at Newmarket-Passing events-Samuel Petys-Lord Bouncker-Mary Knight-Memoir of Tom Thynne- The autumn meeting-Highwaymen on the Heath-Their depre- dations-The royal visit postponed for a fortnight-Causes much inconvenience and loss-Coaching between London and Newmarket -The ordinaries during the meeting-Great expectations-Departure of the King, Queen, and court-Received with acclamation at New- market-A foot-race for 300 guineas-Hunting-Racing news-The highwaymen again-Great match between Guardhorse and Teague- The course impeded by the spectators-Fatal accident during the race-- Passing events-Tennis-Unfavourable weather spoils sport- Movements of the Duke of York-Arrest of the Duke of Monmouth -The King's bad luck-His horse Dragon beaten by Post-Boy-Lord Conway's remarks on this " top horse of England "--Alleged castra- tion of Dragon to qualify for a match-Dr. Hawkesworth's statement thereon-Apparently confuted by the Duke of York-The Duke's letter to the Prince of Orange-Historic doubts-The King and the pickpocket-Dog-stealers-Works and buildings at the palace-Sir Christopher Wren's bill for making dials for the grand stand- Expenses of the court during this sojourn -Death of Sir Robert Carr -Memoir-Death of Thomas Ai/zgrew-Memoir. NO SPRING MEE YiN1G. TILE spring meeting, which in the ordinary course of events should have taken place at New- charle I. market in March, i86i, was suppressed by 1681. the king's commands, and the royal plate, ewmarket. hitherto given by Charles II. to be run for at head- quarters during this meeting, was transferred to Burford, where, chiefly owing to political circumstances, the races came off with all the eclal possible to impart to the latter reunion by the court. It seems strange to our modern ideas that politics should play such a prominent part in connection with the turf in those days; and it is a further proof of the popularity of the national sport in England at this time, because it is impossible to disguise the fact, that on the occasion in question, the races at Bibury were devised by the court to detract the attention of a portion of the public from certain ominous affairs of State. However, we are indebted to these circum- stances for the knowledge of the fact that Charles II. had instituted a twelve-stone plate, to be run for at some of the preceding spring meetings at Newmarket. And were it not for this incident we should have pro- bably remained in total ignorance that this royal plate constituted an important item on the card of those meetings at Newmarket. " These are to give Notice, that the Plate the King used to give every Spring at the Twelve Stone Heats at Newmarket, will be run for this year at Burford Heats the 17th day of March next, by the same Articles as it used to be at New- market."-The " London Gazette," Feb. j4, i68o, No. 159I. See Book XVII., Annals-Bibury meeting, i68i. 1681.1 3 THE HISTORY OF NEWMARKET. [BooK XIV. " By a Second Letter from New-Market, we are Informed harles IL that his Majesty being Arrived there; after dinner 1681. was divertized with a Match of Cock-Fighting; Newmarket- upon which many of the Court lay'd great September. Wagers, and 'tis said his Majesty was pleased to Bet several Guinnies, after that a Foot Race was Run, between a Country Fellow and a Foot Man, there being great odds layed upon the Head of the latter, but notwithstanding he was a clever and well made Person, and the Country Man to bee so very heavy and cumbersome, yet the Countryman won the Race, by almost 40 yards, to the great admiration of all that were present. The Evening was spent in Heats and Breathings of several Horses, in order to prepare them for the Races that are very speedily to be Run there. We here that the Lady Ann and her Governess are already arrived there, and that his Royal Highness is suddainly expected."-The "Domestick Intelligence," September -I, i68i, No. 32. " From New-Market they advise, that their Majesties con- tinue there in good health, to the great satisfaction of the Gentry and Commonalty in those parts, and that several Sports have been lately devized for their Recreation, as Racing, Masques, and such other Entertainments as the place is capable of furnishing. And further they add, that next week a great Horse-Race will be Run upon .the Heath, upon which is and will be betted 2o00 Guinneys at the least."- Ibid., September 12, No. 33. Luttrell inscribed in his diary that on September 8, i86i, "about five in the morning, his majestic sett forward for Newmarkett, where he will continue for some time; and the evening before, the lord mayor, aldermen, and sheriffs waited on his majestic, to wish him a good journey." On the 9th, the king continued in good health, and was diverted at Newmarket with hawking, cock-fighting, and racing. Unfortunately, " Diary," vol. i. pp. 124, 125. 4 lunt.] "1-f 1 U(CIUff-IfK MP-AIIIV&. 5 very little information is given relative to these diver- sions. As usual, the town was full to overflowing; the prominent turfites present included Lord Thomond, Lord Halifax, Lord Hyde, Lord Arlington, Sidney Godolphin, and Mr. Savile. Lord Conway was minister in attendance on the court, and, as we learn from his letters to Mr. Secretary Jenkins, found it tough work to get through the routine affairs of State. Everything had to be done through the royal pre- rogative; but when royalty was racing, business had to take its chance when the king was in bed; if it was not transacted under those circumstances, it had to be altogether deferred. At any rate, such invariably was the case at the Newmarket autumnal meeting in the year of grace i68i. Some of these business matters are characteristic of the age. Thus Lord Conway reports to Whitehall, on September I5, that for two or three days past, the Mayor and Aldermen of Oxford were staying at New- market with an humble petition, praying that the king would be graciously pleased to confirm the nomination of Mr. Thomas Prince, to fill the then vacant town clerkship of that city. His Majesty commanded Lord Conway. to inform the petitioners that Mr. Prince did not meet with his approbation, " to which they answered, they were sorry for it, and so went away," sadder, if not wiser men.t These Oxford civic authorities fared badly over "On the King's remove to Newmarket every body is more pressing in their concerns."-Henry Savile to Secretary Jenkins. Paris, Feb. 26, 1862. State Papers, Foreign. France, bundle 299. M.S. P. R. 0. t State Papers, Dom., September, i68i. . - err ram _ rw rx ale r-rwr THE HISTORY OF NEWMARKET. [Boor XIV. this business. On their arrival at Newmarket, they could not get any of the court officials to introduce them to the king, so that they were forced to lie in wait until his Majesty arrived on the Heath. This opportunity soon occurred; the petition was uncere- moniously presented, and the answer to be subsequently received from Lord Conway as above described. The roughs enjoyed the incident, and resented the pre- sumption of Oxford citizens for daring to introduce business where pleasure should alone prevail. " Those that they call the back guard, treated them very rudely, calling them Presbyterian petitioners and Whiggish dogs, and saluted them into the bargain with stones and dirt." During the commotion, Nell Gwynn arrived and called out to the king: " Charles, I hope I shall have your company at night, shall I not " an incident which probably saved the worthy citizens from further molestation.t The king's disinclination to attend to business matters, of even affairs of State, during a race meeting is exemplified in the following letter, dated " Whitehall Oct. 2," written by his Majesty to his daughter, Char- lotte, Countess of Lichfield:- " I have had so much business since I came thither [from Windsor] that I hope you will not think that I have neglected writing to you out of want of kindnesse to my deare Charlotte, I am gowing to Newmarkett, and have a great deal of businesse to despatch to-night, therefore I will only tell you now that I have five "The Letters of Humphry Prideaux, Dean of Norwich, to John Ellis, Under Secretary of State " pp. go-ioi. t Ibid. 6 DIPLOMACY. hundred guinyes for you wch shall be delivered to your selfe or any who you shall appointe to receave it, and so my dear Charlotte be assured that I love you with all my harte being your kinde father C. R." At Newmarket, complications in foreign affairs necessitated the presence of all the ambassadors; and Lord Lindsey submitted grievances relating to Scot- land which were handed over to Sir Robert Carr,t to investigate when his racing and hawking pleasures permitted. But the most troublesome part of all was " the Spanish ambassador's memorial, in which he acts like Schollars who by way of Sophistry will draw a Conclusion, which is not comprehended in the Propo- sitions." The difficulty of getting the king to attend to these transactions, and the diplomatic squabbles of the French and Spanish ambassadors, are related by the minister as follows : " 'Tis true," writes Lord Conway, in a despatch to Whitehall, " that Mons" Barillon is at New-market, and Don Pedro may be so too, if he thinks fit, But the King doth protest that vpon no Account in the world hath he had three words of discourse with him since he came either Private or Public, and I am in a great measure a witness of this truth, that the French Ambassadr hath told me the King is so perpetually at his Sports and Recreations abroad, that he can find no opportunity for businesse, 'Tis true I give you a constant account of your Letters, but little think how much paines I take for it, either when he [the King] MS., Viscount Dillon, at Ditchley House, Oxon. t Sir Robert Carr was appointed Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster about this time. 1681.] 7 THE HISTORY OF NEWMARKET. [BOOK XIV. goes to the Closse-Stoole, or when he goes to bed or just as he hath donne sleeping after Dinner--there is no other time for it. Now for Don Pedro to make a noyse of the French Ambassad- kind reception, and his extraordinary Privacys with the King, and to act this with passion and concern like a Harlequine, is in my opinion a most insufferable thing, and his Ma'y ought to show his Resentment of it to Don Pedro de Ronquillos." In another letter concerning the election of the Town Clerk of Oxford, without the king's approbation, Lord Conway said his Majesty conceived it made void their Charter, and Jenkins was desired " to take care it be prosecuted, in case it so happened." In that case the Charter would have to be renewed and confirmed, an event which would put money in the royal coffers. Much solicitude was evinced relative to the appoint- ment of the new Lord Mayor of London, which gave rise to some heavy betting. " On the i8th Gower Vice-chanceller of the Uni- versity of Cambridge, with the heads of the houses, doctors &c waited on the King and in a solem speech in the name of the University returned his Majesty their hearty thanks for his resolution to maintain the government as established by law, both in church and The Corporation of the city of Oxford contested the right divine to interfere in their fiscal affairs. Towards the end of the following year, they received a royal mandate to proceed forthwith with the election of a new town clerk, which they not only refused, but would not even open the king's letter, on the ground that being in suit with the Crown in defence of their rights, they could not until the trial was over, read his Majesty's letter. However, they had eventually to give in: a new charter was graciously granted, and as the king prognosticated, the fees thereunto pertaining went into the royal exchequer. 8 AFFAIRS OF STATE. state &C, which met with a gracious reception from his majesty.". The king continued in good health, and was "diverted with hunting and horse racing." t On the 27th, the king, queen, and court, paid a visit to Cambridge, "the bells ringing, conduits running with wine, and other publick demonstrations of joy." After being sumptuously entertained at dinner, the royal party returned the same afternoon to Newmarket. The king now was more intent than ever on his sports, and Conway was occasionally successful in transacting State business in his Majesty's "bed-chamber." On October 2, his lordship announces that the king would return to town on the i ith, if his presence was abso- lutely necessary, when the sessions were to be held at the Old Bailey; but Jenkins was enjoined to consult the Chief Justice and other lords to ascertain if his Majesty's presence could be dispensed with, as he was anxious to remain longer at Newmarket. Foreign affairs still occupied the minister's attention, who could make little progress therewith. He was desirous to return to London, having had " enough of the ayre of New-markett." On the 7th he writes: " My Lord Mordant kept up the King last night till 12 o'clock, having got him accidentally in his clossett, & for two howers was endeavouring to reconsile him to the Duke of Monmouth, of which his Majesty gave me a narra- Luttrell, " Diary," vol. i. p. 128. t Ibid., p. i29. t When the royal party came within the jurisdiction of the borough, they were met by the mayor and aldermen, who presented his Majesty with fifty broad pieces, and the queen with fifty guineas.-The " Current Intelligence," No. 47. Ibid., p. 131. 1681.] 9 THE HISTORY OF NEWMARKET. [BooK XIV. tive as soon as the other went away. And I think his Lordship received little satisfaction." The following day Lord Conway and Lord Halifax left Newmarket, when Sir Joseph Williamson arrived and succeeded them in attendance on the king, at which time "our company here begins to increase exceed- ingly." On the i2th the court returned to Whitehall.t In the mean time these following Matches of Horse Races, are made to be run in the Months of October and December (viz.) A4 List of the Horse-Matches to be Run at New-Market October next. Shuffler against Looby Pet Lamb ag. Tinker on the first. Mackrel ag. Ringtail on the first. Robin ag. Whitebutock,' and Kick-up on the seventh, and) Robin half a stone under Bob. ag. Traveller on the eight stone I0 09 o8 wagers 100 200 500 first t miltes]. 50 4 6 200 4 09 200 100 4 them. I 7 100 50 to start between the 2 Hills, & so over the Course. Bull ag. Woodcock 9 300 150 6 on the I 3th. Lord Conway to Mr. Secretary Jenkins. State Papers, Dom., sub ann. t Luttrell's " Diary," vol. i. p. 131. t Forfeit: a printer's error. to THE MA TCHES. Gage ag. Parker on the 20th. Barb ag. Woodcock three weeks after Bulls Match. ) Zhatour ag. Doub/fud on the i ith. Pearl ag. Why-not on the i5th. Bull ag. Woodcock the 2nd time from the 7 mile Ditch Aforgans Mare ag. Tege on Scotch Galloway ag. Taps/er on Sir Rob. Gaer Horse' Chopper, and Mr. j Rowes Gelding, both against Kick-up, on the Post-Boy ag. Draggon and Draggon the first Rides Draggon ag. Clubb on the first of December. stone wagers first mil[es]. 8 I002 50I 4 8 500 10 10 200 6 500 203 500 9 coo 8 300 6 200 6 200 7 4 8 500 250 4 200 a piece 8. 61ib .1000 9. I 9 500 500 6 6 200 6 " These Matches may be altered by consent, and the Guard-Horse, hath paid two forfeits, one to Leaden-heels and the other to Madcap. Hobler will Forfeit: a printer's error. 1681.] I I 12 THE HISTORY OF NEWMARKET. [BooK XIV. pay his forfeit to Post-Boy; there will be more Matches, to shew the King sport." The following items of news at Newmarket are taken from Sir John Raresby's " Memoirs ":- "September i 3. I went towards Newmarket where the King then was. I carried my two eldest sons with me, intending to put them to school in the South, finding they improved but little in the country. The face of things began much to alter in England at this time. The Duke [of York] that was in Scotland, was extremely courted by that kingdom. The Parlia- ment called there confirmed the succession and uniformity of religion, in opposition to popery and fanaticism, which were two extraordinary acts at such a time, and had great influence upon England, and much discouraged the anti-Court party. My Lord Halifax was chief favorite and minister at this time. Sept. 19. I went from Cambridge to New- market, where I first waited upon my Lord Hyde, desiring him to introduce me to the King to present him with an address. About twelve that day he appointed me to attend in such a room, where the King came, ordered me to read it, and afterwards taking it of me, gave me his hand to kiss. Afterwards I waited of the King into the room, where he asked me many questions of the situation and extent of Hallamshire. I told him it was a body of hardware men, or makers of edge tools, incorporated by Act of Parliament; and it extended five miles in compass from Sheffield, being a very populous place. My The " Current Intelligence," Sept. 24, i68r, No. 45. HEA VY BETTING. Lord Hyde took me that day to dine with him at my Lord Conway's, then Secretary of State. Sept. 20. I went hawking with the King, where I had an oppor- tunity to speak to him a good while, and to tell him some things relating to his service. I complained to him of a neighbouring justice of the peace, who refused to sign the address, though he lived within the compass of Halamshire, and was discouraging others from doing it. The King told me he should not stay long in the commission; but I had some reasons that prevailed with me not to pursue the business so far. That afternoon I went to Bury, to see my Lady Monson, my aunt. Sept. 22. I returned to New- market, went to hawk with the King in the morning, and in the afternoon, set forward for London, where I arrived safe the next day with my sons." In conclusion, it only remains to be noted that heavy betting apparently was the rule at this meeting. Sir Charles Lyttleton, in a letter to Lord Hatton tells him-" Sir Robert Carr has lost 65000 or 6ooo upon several matches at Newmarket; 't and that the king supped at Duke of Albemarle's, "and all the jockeys with him," when the matches above mentioned were made.: The expenses of the king, queen, "et familia," at Newmarket in September, i68i, amounted to 1463 i5s. iold. The Vice-Chancellor and the doctors of the University of Cambridge were enter- " Memoirs," by J. J . Cartwright, M.A. London, 1 87 5, p. 218. t " Hatton Correspondence," vol. ii. p. 12. Finch MS., quoted in Hist. MS. Coss. 1681.1 1 3 ' THE HISTORY OF NEWMARKET. [BooK XIV. tained at the palace at a cost of 65 I 7s. 3:d. The " extraordinary " cost of the royal stables in the months of April and September is set down at 3350 Is. 34,d. The expenses of the king and queen at Newmarket in the month of October are returned at 796 is. 5Td. Echard, in his " History of England," vol. iii. p. 638, remarks that " On the ioth of September, both the King and Queen repaired to New-Market, to be entertain'd September. with the Pleasures and Diversions of that Place. Here they were soon attended by a numerous and Solemn Appearance of the University of Cambridge, at the head of which was the Vice-Chancellor, Dr. Humphrey Gower, Master of St. John's Colledge; who with the rest being admitted, he made the following Speech, of which great Notice was taken at that Time." This address, which was couched in the usual strain about the right divine, Church and State, and the Protestant succes- sion, need not be repeated here. To it Charles vouchsafed a gracious reply, complimented the Dons upon their loyalty, etc., and announced that he and his queen was about to pay a visit to their University, which was duly done and performed on September 27, when their majesties were attended from New- market to Cambridge " by the whole court." t Lord Danby, writing from the Tower of London, to his friend Lord Chesterfield (who, as Chief Justice in Eyre, had sent him a present of a stag), thus refers to Newmarket, with which he was well acquainted. " The surprising newse of Cofferer's Accounts, Rot. s. d., which are much obliterated. t " The following items (having reference to a visit of the University of Cambridge to the king and Duke of York at Newmarket) occur in the account of Dr. Echard, vice-chancellor for the year ending November, i68i:- " Paid Dr. Tennison at Newmarket to officers & Attendants upon the University when they waited upon the King and Duke 36 los. 6d. " For a Bible presented to Sir Stephen Fox Z4. " Paid for Coaches & Servants charges in all 8 12s. 6d."-Cooper's "Annals of Cambridge," vol. iii. p. 587. ' 14 THE PALACE. Strasburg and Cassall falling into the King of France his hands att the same time, has made much discourse amongst the politicians, and is believed by them will be the necessary cause of calling a parliament speedily; but perhaps the variety of diversions at Newmarket may make it take less impression there." During the year i68o-i68i, the sum of 226 5S. 41d. was spent on Newmarket Palace, when deal boards, oak boards, pail posts, and rails cost 2 7 I 7s. 4d.; bricks and tiles, stone, sand, lime, hearth laths, hair, and nails, LI 2 7s. 6d.; lead, Li ios. id.; gravel, 3 7s.; locksmith's wares and smith's work, 9 8s.; and for glass and glazing work, 52 13s. 5 'd. The wages of the carpenters, bricklayers, labourers, and the clerk of the works, amounted to 32 5s. 6d. The task work included a payment of 7 I3S. to William Jessop, carpenter, for boarding a chamber in the Lord Chamberlain's lodgings, for making a portal in the Duke of York's lodgings, for mending the floors by the king's stairs, for making a locker for coals in the king's eary, and, finally, for making shelves in the confectioner's room. Richard Morley, bricklayer, re- ceived 4 i6s. for sinking a well at the slaughter- house, and for bricks and mortar used there. Thomas Page, mason, was allowed 2 12S. for work done in the kitchen; and Alexander Fort, joiner, for work done in the king's bedchamber, in the king's dressing- room, wainscoting in the Duchess of Portsmouth's " The Duchess of Portsmouth hath been lately indisposed at New- market, & 'tis said she hath sent for a doctor or two thither.'- Luttrell, Vi. p. 126. 1681.] THE HISTORY OF NEWAMARKET. [BooK XIV. lodgings, and for making shelves and other things about the said lodgings received 72 I 7s. 6d. To Thomas Donekley his Mats Chappell Closett-Keeper, by ye Warrants of the Lord Chamberlain dated the xxxih of October i68o and the xijth of December, i68i, for September. washing of Surplices, ffor Broomes, Rubbers, and Wipers for both the Clossets, for loading and unloading at removeing times the Goods under his charge, ffor Provission of Holley Ivey Rosemery & Bayes, and for his Court Livery, and for his Horsehire and other expencis in severall journeys to Newmarkett &c between the xxixth of Septr. 1679 and the xxix of Sept'. i68i . . . Clj". xj8. viijd. Audit Office Records, s.d. (Rot. i i8.) To Henry Broekwell, Keeper of his Mats Musicall Instru- ments, for mending and stringing the said Instruments, and for removing them to and from Windsor and Newmarkett during the space of three years ended Lady day i68i by warrt dated the xxixth of November I68i . . . xxxiij". (Ibid.) To Dr. Nicholas Staggins Master of his Matie8 Musicke in 1881. part of lxxviij". allowed to him, by warrant dated October. the xiiijth. of November i682, for his Charges in attending upon his Matie. at Newmarket & Windsor Clvj dayes in the year i68i at x8. V diem . . . lxxiijli. vs. vd. (Rot I i9.) To Adam Pelter, Gardener, for Gravell, Turfe, and Work- manshipp in making the Kings Garden at his House at New- market by warrant dated ye xxviijtl of September i68i . . . I x". (Ibid.) To Joseph Harvey, Esqr, Serjeant at Armes in Ordinary to his Mat"e for his attendance upon his Matie at Newmarkett by the space of iiij ijo. daies betweene ye xth of March 1679 and ye xijth of October i68i at x8. P diem by Warrant dated ye Xviijyl of July i683 ... xlji. (Rot. I26.) L. T. R. Works and Buildings, No. ioo, MS. P. R. 0. ]NELL G WYNN. NELL, or rather ELEANOR GWYNN, the sprightly and warm- hearted mistress of Charles II., whose name occurs in the annals of this meeting, was a frequent habitue at Newmarket. Like her rival, the Duchess of Portsmouth, she xvas not honoured with apartments in the Palace. During the race meetings at the Head-Quarters of the Turf, she usually occu- pied the house which was her property, adjoining the royal seat, where the king and the courtiers paid her frequent visits. Nell is said to have been of Welsh extraction, and Hereford, Oxford, and the Coal Yard, Drury Lane, have severally been named as her birth-place. It is only certain, that the rugged and light-hearted girl, who afterwards became the mo