xt7p8c9r3p30 https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt7p8c9r3p30/data/mets.xml   Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station. 1969 journals 186 English Lexington : Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Kentucky Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station Progress report (Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station) n.186 text Progress report (Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station) n.186 1969 2014 true xt7p8c9r3p30 section xt7p8c9r3p30   /
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_ RESULTS OF THE
Kenluclz Small Grain
. V .  
 ’ Vcm6@» Trzals-1969
. By C. R. -I-UH', V. C. Finkner und J. T. Green
UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY • AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
' Department of Agronomy • Lexington • Progress Report I86

 TESTING LOCATIONS OF THE
V KENTUCKY SMALL GRAIN VARIETY TRIALS l
   
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]_ Murray Murray State University _,
Agriculture Department
2. Princeton West Kentucky Substation ·
Western Kentucky University
3. Bowling Green Agriculture Department
Kentucky Agricultural
4. Lexington Experiment Station
,4 »
Acknowledgment is made to john Byars, of the K
Department of Agronomy, and the University of Kentucky
Computing Center, for assistance in summarizing the results
reported in this progress report.
2

 RESULTS OF THE KENTUCKY SMALL GRAIN I
I VARIETY TRIALS IN 1969 ,
` C. R. Tutt, V. C. Finkner and _]. T. Green
' The purpose of the Kentucky small grain variety trials is
to evaluate varieties of wheat, oats and barley which are I
commercially available or may soon be available to Kentucky
farmers. New varieties are continually being developed by the
Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station and commercial
firms. Continued testing and evaluation of small grain varieties
and selections are essential if farmers, seedsmen and other
‘ ` agricultural workers are to be provided with information to help
‘ them select the varieties best adapted to their locality and
individual requirements.
Average acre-yield of all small grain grown in Kentucky
in 1969 was: wheat, 34 bushels; oats, 44 bushels; and barley 50
bushels per acre. Yields for all three grains were above the 1968 r
averages. New varieties and an improved growing season were
important factors in increasing yields.
This year, the acreage devoted to small grain in -
‘ Kentucky decreased again by 24,000 acres. However, the value
of the crop increased $414,000 over that of the 1968 crop.
New, superior performing varieties, combined with new
cropping innovations, should make small grains a more lucrative
crop for many Kentucky farmers. Aerial seeding, double
0 cropping and minimum tillage have all increased the potential I
for small grains in the state. Small grains should fill important
gaps in greater usage of cropland and in the realization of
maximum returns from each acre of cropland in Kentucky.
3

 EXPERIMENTAL METHODS
V The wheat, oat and barley variety trials were conducted V
at Murray, Princeton, Bowling Green and Lexington in 1969. ·
The response of a variety in one area of the state may differ
considerably from that in another, owing to different p
environmental conditions, soil types and cultural practices. For
these reasons, trials are conducted in different areas so that 4 `V
results may be obtained for local conditions. _
Data are also collected for a period of years at each
location. Since results vary from year to year, two- and .
three-year results give a more accurate picture of varietal .
performance than do annual data.
The experimental areas at Lexington and Princeton I
received no fertilizer treatments and those at Murray and
Bowling Green received a broadcast application of a complete .
fertilizer (N-P-K) in the spring before the plots were seeded in
the fall. All areas were fallowed the previous year and a legume
—. cover crop was plowed under prior to the fall seeding. 1
Each experimental plot consisted of 4 rows 1 foot apart
and 13 feet long. Each variety was grown in 4 plots placed at ‘
random over the test area, and the results presented in the
tables are the average response of the 4 plots. The plots were
planted with a specially built 4-row seeder, and the data were
taken from a 10—l`oot section of the 2 center rows of each plot.
Yield
A
Yields are taken by cutting a 10-foot section of each of
the 2 center rows and threshing the grain through a stationary V
thresher. The weights of each plot are recorded in grams and
then converted to bushels per acre.
4

 a
Lodged L
e Lodging is reported as the percentage of the total plants
that are lying on the ground or are leaning at a 45—degree angle
from the vertical. Lodging is reported when the grain is mature. i
V The term "maturity" as used in this report refers to the date the
_ grain is ready to be harvested.
Plant Height
Plant height is recorded as the number of inches from
the ground to the tip of the upright grain head.
Date Headed
if Date headed is reported as the number of days after
March 31 at which 50 percent of the heads have emerged from
the plants in each plot.
° Survival _
Survival is recorded as the percentage of plants which
_ are estimated to have survived the winter when fall planted.
` This is a measure of winter-hardiness and is an important factor I
to consider when selecting a small grain variety.
Test Weight
gt
Test weight, or the weight of a bushel of grain, is a
measure of the quality of grain. The higher the test weight, the
higher the quality and the higher the market value, unless the '
grain has been down-graded because of another quality factor.
5

 \
INTERPRETATION
It is important to consider characteristics other than L
yield before choosing a variety, such as—height of straw, lodging -
resistance, maturity date and grain quality. I
" Yields reported in these trials should not be considered
the maximum potential for the varieties. High fertility was not
used so that differential lodging data could be recorded. The
yield of a variety is relative and should be compared with the
yields of the other varieties in the same experiment and at the
same location. Small differences in yield of only a few bushels
· per acre between two varieties from an individual test should
not be interpreted to indicate the superiority of one variety
over another. However, if one variety consistently out-yields ·
another over a period of several years, the chances are that the
differences are real and should be considered important.
· Lodging data are quite difficult to interpret. A
high—yielding variety should not necessarily be down—graded ‘
because of a high percentage of lodging for a given year and at a `
given location. Local weather conditions, such as heavy wind
and rain, may cause a variety to lodge much more than it ;
normally does. It should also be emphasized that a variety
reported to be 50 percent lodged does not imply that only 50 i
percent of the grain can be harvested. With good equipment, it :
may be expected that almost all of the grain could be saved.
Lodging data for a period of years should receive more
consideration than annual lodging data since they will give a
more accurate picture of varietal performance.
For any small grain variety, the ultimate test is how it A I
performs on an individual’s farm. Therefore, to make a sound
decision, it is wise to plant a few acres of a new variety and then
compare it with those presently being grown.
6

 Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station y
1969-70 Recommended Small Grain Varieties
- ‘ Barley
g Barsoy Harrison jefferson  
i Dayton Knob _
Wheat l
V Arthur Blueboy Monon gt
Ben Hur Knox 62 Redcoat 4
‘ ‘" Winter Oats y
Compact Norline  
Spring Oats i
Brave I
Certified Seed: Certified seed is seed which has been grown in _  
U such a way as to insure the genetic identity and purity of a A
variety. Certified seed also helps to maintain freedom from
weed and other crop seed and, in some cases, freedom from _
diseases. The Experiment Station recommends that Kentucky ‘
certified seed be used whenever possible for growing
commercial crops of small grains.
J
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