xt7pzg6g364g https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt7pzg6g364g/data/mets.xml   Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station. 1972 journals 207 English Lexington : Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Kentucky Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station Progress report (Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station) n.207 text Progress report (Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station) n.207 1972 2014 true xt7pzg6g364g section xt7pzg6g364g Y `
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Fig. 1. - Testing Locations of the Kentucky Burley Tobacco Variety Tests - 1968, 1969, 1970, and 1971.
Location Cooperator
1. Ballard County Wyatt H. Bennett, 1968
2. Caldwell County Homer Mitchell, 1968, 1969, and 1970 `
3. Christian County W. D. Bailey, 1971
4. Muhlenberg County B. j. Winn, 1968
5. Hancock County Russell House, 1971 A
6. Allen County Robert Whitlow, 1968, 1969, and 1970 ‘·
7. Cumberland Coimty Charlie Wilson, 1969 and 1970
8. Clinton County Riley Combest, 1970 and 1971
9. Hart County K. S. Grady, 1971 ,
10. Green County Shreve Loy &: Sons, 1968 and 1969
11. Taylor County Tommy Noe, 1970 and 1971 ’
12. Nelson County Thomas E. Gunning, 1968 ¤
13. Washington County joe Cleveland, 1969
14. Shelby County Louis Payne, 1969
15. Henry County Alvin Croxton, 1968
Gerald T. Steverson, 1969
16. Franklin County Carey Sheets, 1969 V
17. Owen County Billy Karsner, 1969 `
18. Grant County Clarence P. Hutchinson, 1970
19. Scott County Billy Easley, 1968
Elbert True, 1971  
20. Experiment Station, 1968, 1969, 1970, and 1971 `
Lexington A
21. Madison County james M. Adams, 1969
Lowell Mulliken, 1971
22. Clark County F. W. Rickard, 1968 l
23. Nicholas County Glen Clay, 1968, 1969, 1970, and 1971
24. Rowan County Gordon Lewis, 1968 and 1969 .
25. Owsley County Edward Harvey, 1970 '
26. Pulaski County Wilford Purcell, 1971
27. Soils Experiment Station, 1971 ~.
Campbellsville
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 1
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¥ Kentucky Burley Tobacco Variety Tests——Summary
` 1964 19711
» ]. H Smiley, A. M. Wallace, George Everette, G. B. Collins, Paul Legg,
and C. C. Littonz
The primary objective of the Kentucky Burley Tobacco Variety Tests is to provide
f information on the relative performance of burley varieties, hybrids, and breeding lines which _
  may become candidates for varietal release. Such information obtained on varieties and hybrids
` may be used by farmers, seedsmen, research workers, and extension personnel.
i METHODS
An expanded program of variety testing began in Kentucky in 1968. In addition to the ·
tests at the University of Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station at Lexington and those at
Campbellsville, others were conducted in 1968 on farms of 11 cooperating tobacco growers
throughout the state, in 1969 at 12 locations, in 1970 at 6 locations, and in 1971 at 9 locations.
The locations (Fig. 1, p. 2) were selected to represent the burley tobacco producing areas of
Kentucky.
Each test was conducted on disease-free soil and consisted of 15 entries in 1968, 13 in
1969, 6 in 1970, and 9 in 1971, in 1/50-acre plots with 3 replications. Fertilizer was applied to
each plot at the recommended rates based on soil tests. In 1968, 33 varieties, hybrids, and
, breeding lines were tested. Some were tested at all locations, but all tests did not contain the
same varieties. In 1969, 1970, and 1971 all tests consisted of the same entries with an occasional
exception where substitution had to be made. Black shank resistant varieties were grown in
on-farm tests on black shank infested soil at one location in 1969 and 1970, and a black root rot
test was carried out on disease-infested soil at one location in 1971. (
RESULTS
The yield performance of four widely grown standard varieties and hybrids is summarized
, in Table 1. Average yields are shown on tests conducted at Lexington in 1964-71, at Princeton V
1965-67, and in on-farm tests at 6 locations in 1968, 9 locations in 1969, and 6 locations in
1970.
Average yields for the black shank-resistant burley tobacco hybrids and varieties and for
the susceptible check variety Ky 14 are shown for tests conducted at Lexington, Princeton and at
on-farm tests with disease-free field conditions (Table 2). Yields for these varieties and hybrids on
a black shank-infested soil at one location are also given in Table 2. Yields are shown for nine
varieties and hybrids tested on a black root rot-infested soil and on a disease-free soil on the same
farm in 1971 (Table 3). Yield data for 1968, 1969, 1970, and 1971 are summarized by county
for all varieties tested in Tables 4, 5, 6, and 7, respectively. 1
1Cooperative investigations of the Kentucky Agricultural Extension Service, the Kentucky Agricultural
Experiment Station, and the Plant Science Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of
Agriculture.
2Extension Professor; Research Specialist; Extension Specialist; Associate Professor; Research Gencticist
and Research Agronomist, Plant Science Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of
Agricultural, respecitvely.
3

 l
DISCUSSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS i
These variety test results should be helpful as a farmer attempts to decide which variety f
or hybrid to grow. Note that a certain variety may perform well at one location yet not do well
at other locations. Also, varieties do not always perform the same, relative to each other, year
after year at the same locations. For example, in Caldwell County in 1968, Ky 10 yielded 350
pounds per acre more than Ky 14, but in 1969 Ky 14 yielded 183 pounds per acre more than Ky ‘
10.
In selecting the best variety for a given farm, it is important to consider the disease I
situation. If a disease problem exists, selection of the proper variety may mean the difference   _
between a good yield of desirable tobacco or a crop failure. The degree of resistance of the more
important standard varieties and hybrids to diseases is shown in Table 8.
For land infested with black root rot, Burley 49 and Ky 14 are recommended. If wildfire >
is a problem, Ky 14, Burley 21 (B 21), and Ky 12 are recommended. Note that Ky 10 is suscep- ) ‘
tible to wildfire and should not be grown where wildfire is a problem. I _
Black shank is one of the hardest tobacco diseases to control with our present varieties. If
sufficient land is not available for the grower to use an uninfested field, a good field rotation and
use of a resistant variety or hybrid are recommended. .
Two races of black shank are found in Kentucky. Race 0 is the most common, while race
1 is found on only a few farms. Satisfactory control of race 0 can be obtained from the use of an
L-8 hybrid, but control of race 1 is more difficult. Varieties Burley 37 (B 37) and Burley 49 (B ’
49) are moderately resistant to both races, but they have other disadvantages. Both B 37 and B
49 have a low level of resistance to fusarium wilt, and B 37 is suceptible to mosaic. B 49 is late
maturing and has relatively small leaves. However, if it is necessary to use a field infested with
black shank and the grower does not know which race is present, then he should use B 37 or B 49 `
as a safeguard against crop failure.
To determine which race of the black shank organism is present in a field, grow a stick
row of one of the L-8 hybrids such as MS Ky 14 x L-8 or MS B 21 x L-8. If these hybrids do not
become diseased, race 0 is present, and the next year the entire field can be grown in one of the
black shank-resistant hybrids.
In making a choice of which specific black shank-resistant hybrid to grow for the control
of race 0 black shank, the grower should take into consideration any other disease situation on
the farm. For example, MS Ky 14 x L-8 is resistant to mosaic, fusarium wilt, black root rot, and
wildfire, as well as to race 0 of the black shank fungus.
CHARACTERISTICS OF SOME VARIETIES
Kentucky 10
Ky 10 is a rather short, compact, stand-up type, high-yielding variety of fair quality. It
has a small percentage of plants which are slow growing because of an abnormally prolific root
system (hairy root). It matures 7-10 days later than B 21 and, when cut immature, the leaves
tend to cure with green spots.
Kentucky 14
Ky 14 is a stand-up type, high-yielding variety with good quality. The leaves are approxi-
mately the same length as those of B 21 but a little wider. The leaf number and plant height are
about the same as those of B 21. It matures about 5-7 days later than B 21. There is good
retention of bottom leaves on the stalks before and during harvest.
 it .... 4
  . ·

 Tab1e 1. Yie1d (pounds per acre) of the five bur1ey tobacco varieties
and hybrids tested at Lexington, Princeton, and in on-farm tests.
MS B 21 ‘
2 Location Year B 21 Ky 10 Ky 14 x Ky 10
Lexington 1964-1971 2510 2700 2728 2691
Princeton 1965-1967 2496 2744 2705 2697
‘ On-Farm Tests 1968 3027 3109 3206 3234 _
(6 Locations)
· 1 0n-Farm Tests 1969 2641 3103 3176 2924
(9 Locations) ,
0n-Farm Tests 1970 ---- 3217 3177 3265
(6 Locations)
Tab1e 2. Yie1d (pounds per acre) of b1ack shank resistant bur1ey tobacco varieties
and hybrids tested on disease-free soi1 at Lexington, Princeton, and in
on-farm tests on b1ack shank infested soi1 at one 1ocation in 1969 and
1970.
MS B 37 MS B 21 MS Ky 12 Ky 14
g Location Year B 37 x L-8 x L-8 x L-8 (Check)
Lexington 1965-1968 2170 2265 2335 2432 2660
Lexington 1970 2524 2705 2725 ---- 2845 I
Princeton 1965-1967 2340 2533 2568 2591 2705
On-Farm Tests 1968 2501 2758 2877 —--- 3160
(4 Locations)
On-Farm Tests 1969 2609 2875 2962 3022 3202 ·
(10 Locations)
On-Farm Tests 1970 ---— ——-- ---— 3102 3177
(6 Locations)
On-Farm Tests 1971 —--- ---- --—— 2833 2914
(9 Locations)
Cumb1er1and Co. 1969 2537 3100 3124 3092 893
(B1ack Shank
Infested Soi1) 1970 2608 2779 2842 2673 746
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9

 Table 8. Yield (pounds per acre) of burley tobacco varieties tested on
the Soils Experiment Station, Campbellsville, in l97l.
 
Variety Y/A Variety Y/A Variety Y/A
  V
Ky 12 3,330 Ky 41 A 3,117 Burley 37 2,971
Ky 9 3,257 Burley 2 3,077 Burley 11 A 2,907
Ky 16 3,239 Ky 14 3,005 Burley 49 2,901
Ky 10 3,206 Burley 1 2,998 Burley 21 2,860
Burley 11 B 2,742
l
Table 9. Relative disease and aphid resistance of tobacco varieties and hybrids.
  N
Black Fusarium Black
Variety Root Mosaic wilt wildfire Shank Aphid
 
Standard Varieties »
Ky l0 Medium High Medium * * *
Ky l2 Med-High High High High * *
Ky l4 Med-High High High High * * -_
Ky     * * * * **
B 2l Low High * High * 1 Med-Low
B 37 Low * Low High Medium] Med-Low
B 49 High High * High Medium **
Hybrids
MS B 2l x
Ky 9 Med-Low High * High * **
MS B 2l x
Ky l0 Med-Low High Low High * Low
MS B 2l x
Ky l2 Medium High Med-High High * *
L—8 Med-Low High * High High Low
MS L—8 X 2
B 37 Low High * High High Low
L-8 Medium High Med-High High High * _
MS Ky l4 x Medium High Med-High High High? *
L-8
* Indicates [iffle or No Resistance
** Unknown
l Resistant to Race O and Race l
2 Resistant to Race 0
,, 10

 p Burley 21
B 21 is an extreme stand-yp type, good-yielding variety of high quality leaf. The plants
are early and vigorous. It is one of the easier varieties to work (cultivate, prime, spray) because of {
its extreme stand-up qualities. There is a tendency for leaves to drop from the stalks in this
variety under some conditions, especially when grown in a shallow, compact soil or during a dry
season.
Burley 37
B 37 is moderately resistant to both races of black shank. It is a stand-up type, fair
yielding, good quality, broadleaf, uniformly maturing variety. "
Burley 49
i B 49 is slightly more resistant to both races of black shank than B 37 and has high P
resistance to black root rot. It is an extreme stand-up type with more leaves than B 37, but the
leaves are shorter and not as wide. Yields of B 49 are about the same as those of B 37, but B 49
matures later than B 37.
Hybrids ·
The Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station released male-sterile B 21 to seedsmen in
1959. The purpose was to encourage the production of hybrids with levels of black shank
resistance not available in standard varieties by utilizing the L-8 source of resistance. Seed
producers have used male sterile B 21 as the foundation of the present burley hybrid program.
The combined names of the two parents used in making the hybrid are used as the name
of the hybrid and are printed on each seed package offered for sale.
No yield or quality differences in reciprocal crosses in the burley hybrids have been
» found. In other words, no differences have been found in yield or quality of MS B 21 X L-8 and
MS L-8 X B 21.
Most hybrids offered for sale will have MS B 21 as one of the parents. This should
improve smoking quality and acceptance of the leaf since B 21 is a high quality variety. MS Ky
14 X L-8 should be more useful than MS B 21 X L-8 where black root rot or fusarium wilt is a ,
problem because of the Ky 14 contribution of resistance.
Several cases exist where the hybrid may have a lower degree of resistance to a certain
disease than the more resistant parent. For example, the MS B 21 X Ky 10 hybrid has less black
root rot resistance than Ky 10. Therefore, if a hybrid is selected, care should be exercised to
make sure that the reduced resistance can be tolerated. A
ll

 . V _ ` A
3.5M---2-73