xt7s1r6n1r84 https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt7s1r6n1r84/data/mets.xml   Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station. 1970 journals 192 English Lexington : Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Kentucky Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station Progress report (Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station) n.192 text Progress report (Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station) n.192 1970 2014 true xt7s1r6n1r84 section xt7s1r6n1r84 M
· AJ
  Ag 
me 
   .%M/
    if 
T -
M
-3}}
/
/ RESULTS OF THE
I / [(6/zfzw/Gy Wéezzi
I Hzrzéiy YFAM/s—!9 70
By Charles R. Tutt and Verne C. Finkner
_; UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY Q COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE
{ Agricultural Experiment Station O Department of Agronomy
  Lexington • Progress Roporr 192
V

 CONTENTS
Page
Testing Locations of the 1970 Kentucky
Variety Trials 3
Experimental Methods for the 1970 Variety 4
Trials 5
Interpretation 7 ‘
Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station A
197 1 Recommended Winter Wheat _
Varieties 8
Summary of Wheat Varieties Evaluated at
Lexington, Princeton, Murray, Bowling Green 9
Wheat Production in Kentucky 20
2

 TESTING LOCATIONS OF THE 1970
· KENTUCKY WHEAT VARIETY TRIALS
$@3 W
_ %¥ éiew 
w ·$@¤%gm 
@$%¤;%% mr
Q %@ g   
www &@@· $j'm§§p
  ¢%"¤¢w,¤&@$;@°¤+g¢¤ _
ga, aéw 4 @¤Q@¤°
  % ¤·@` EEE®@% £%&°
mhz;
‘ Location Coopemtor
1. Murray Murray State University
Agriculture Department
2. Princeton West Kentucky Substation
3. Bowling Green Western Kentucky University .
Agriculture Department
4. Lexington Kentucky Agricultural
Experiment Station
Acknowledgment is made to john Byars, of the
Department of Agronomy, and the University of Kentucky
Computing Center, for assistance in summarizing the results
reported in this progress report.
3

 
 Kentucky Wheat Variety
Trials 1970
if By Charles R. Tutt and Verne C. Finkner
. EXPERIMENTAL METHODS FOR
1970 VARIETY TRIALS
Environmental conditions and soil types may cause a
variety to respond differently in different areas of Kentucky.
i For these reasons, the 1970 wheat variety trials were conducted
A at Murray, Princeton, Bowling Green and Lexington. The
ultimate test for a variety is how it performs on an individual
farm but performance in a test nearest your farm is a reliable
I selection guide.
Data are also collected for a period of years at each
- location. Since results vary from year to year, 3- and 4-year
A results give a more accurate picture of varietal performance than
do annual data.
All experimental areas were fallowed the previous year
» and a legume cover crop was plowed under prior to the fall
seeding.
Each experimental plot consisted of four rows 1 foot
apart and 13 feet long. Each variety was grown in four plots,
placed at random over the test area, and the results presented in
- the tables are the average response of the four plots. The plots
were planted with a specially built four—row seeder, and the data
A were taken from a 10-foot section of the two center rows of
each plot.
‘ Yield
Yields were taken by cutting a 10-foot section of each
of the two center rows and threshing the grain through a
stationary plot thresher. The weights of each plot were recorded
in grams and then converted to bushels per acre.
5

 Lodged _
Lodging was reported as the percentage of the total
plants that were lying on the ground or were leaning at a i
45—degree angle from the vertical. Lodging was reported when '
the grain was mature. The term "maturity" as used in this
report refers to the date the grain was ready to be
combine—harvested.
Plant Height _
Plant height was recorded as the number of inches from
the ground to the tip of the upright grain head.
Date Headed V 4
Date headed was reported as the number of days after i
March Sl when 50 percent of the heads had emerged from the `
plants in each plot. ·
Survival
Survival was recorded as the percentage of plants which
were estimated to have survived the winter when fall planted.
This is a measure of winter-hardiness and is an important factor I
to consider when selecting a small grain variety. `
Test Weight
Test weight, or the weight of a bushel of grain, is a V
measure of the quality of grain. The higher the test weight, the
higher the quality and the higher the market value, unless the ,
grain has been down-graded because of another quality factor. `
INTERPRETATION .
It is important to consider other characteristics in
addition to yield before choosing a variety. Plant height,

 lodging resistance, maturity date and grain quality may be of
i equal importance t0 yield in some production systems. ‘
Yields reported in these trials should not be considered i
the maximum potential for the varieties. High fertilization rates
T were not used, so as to permit differences in lodging to be
recorded.
Lodging data are quite difficult to interpret. A
high-yielding variety should not necessarily be down-graded
because of a high percentage of lodging for a given year and at a
given location. Local weather conditions, such as heavy wind
_ and rain, may cause a variety to lodge much more than normal.
` It should also be emphasized that a variety reported to be 50
percent lodged does not imply that only 50 percent of the grain
A can be harvested. With good equipment, one may expect to save
1 almost all of the grain. Lodging data for a period of years
should receive more consideration than annual lodging data
since they will give a more accurate picture of varietal
. performance.
. The yield of a particular variety is relative and should be
compared with the yields of the other varieties in the same
experiment and at the same location. Small differences in yield
. of only a few bushels per acre between two varieties in an
individual test should not be interpreted to indicate the
superiority of one variety over another. However, if one variety
consistently out—yields another over a period of several years,
the chances are that the differences are significant and should
· be considered important.
For any small grain variety, the ultimate test is how it
performs on an individual farm. Therefore to make a sound
_ decision, it is wise to plant a few acres of a new variety and then
q compare the results with those of another variety presently
being grown.
Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station
1971 Recommended Winter Wheat Varieties
Arthur Blueboy Monon
Benhur Knox 62 Redcoat
7

 Certified Seed V
Planting certified seed is one of the first steps in insuring _
a good wheat crop. The extra cost of certified seed is quite
economical in view of the high quality of seed obtained.
Certified seed is seed which has been grown in such a way as to
insure the genetic identity and purity of a variety. Certified seed
also helps to maintain freedom from weed and other crop seed
and, in some cases, freedom from disease. The Agricultural
Experiment Station recommends that Kentucky-certified seed _·
be used whenever possible for growing commercial crops of
small grains.
8

 SUMMARY OF WHEAT VARIETIES
V EVALUATED AT:
LEXINGTON
PRINCETON
I MURRAY
BOWLING GREEN
9

 Table 1. Summary of Wheat Varieties Evaluated at
Lexington , Kentucky .
l—Year 2-Year 3-Year 4-Year
Average Average Average Average _
Variety 1970 1969-70 1968-70 1967-70
Yield. Bushels Per Acre `
Arthur 68.2 65.6 61.4 52.6
Benhur 51.6 50.4 46.9 39.9
Blueboy 66.6 68.7 72.9 62.5 .
Knox 62 55.6 50.0 44.5 39.8
Lewis 55.3 48.6 45.9 41.8
Logan 54.9 58.2 58.2 —-
McNair 2203 60.2 —— -- --
McNair 4823 65.0 -- -- -- ·'
Menon 57.3 54.2 49.1 41.5
Redcoat 55.0 56.8 48.7 42.7
Riley 67 53.5 50.3 47.3 41.1
Stadler 50.0 48.4 45.8 39.6
Triumph 56.2 50.9 47.6 42.1 —·
Average 57.6 54.7 51.7 44.4 ~
Lodged at Maturity. Percent
Arthur 30.0 23.8 39.2 29.4
Benhur 5.0 7.5 15.8 11.9 ·
Blueboy 2.5 1.3 2.5 1.9
Knox 62 77.5 76.3 80.8 60.6
Lewis 27.5 25.0 33.3 25.0
Logan 12.5 10.0 10.0 —-
McNair 2203 52.5 -- -- —-
McNair 4823 0.0 -- -— ——
Monon 25.0 42.5 50.8 38.1
Redcoat 0.0 1.3 20.8 15.6
Riley 67 17.5 26.3 40.0 30.0
Stadler 47.5 46.3 46.7 35.0 ·
'1'riumph 55.0 52.5 65.0 48.8 _
Average 27.1 28.4 36.8 29.6
Height, Inches
Arthur 40.5 40.1 42.8 41.8
Benhur 40.5 39.8 42.3 39.8
Blueboy 39.3 38.9 40.6 38.8
Knox 62 42.5 41.5 43.8 42.8
Lewis 40.8 39.8 42.1 40.5
Logan 43.8 43.0 43.0 —-
McNair 2203 38.5 -- -- —- ' V
McNair 4823 37.3 —— -- --
Menon 41.8 40.6 43.1 40.9
Redcoat 47.8 47.1 48.8 46.3 V
Riley 67 41.8 41.5 43.9 42.5 .
Stadler 44.0 43.8 46.1 44.4 ,
Triumph 40.8 39.5 42.3 40.4
Average 41.5 41.4 43.5 41.8
10

 Table 1. (continued)
 
1—Year 2-Year 3-Year 4-Year
` Average Average Average Average
Variety 1970 1969-70 1968-70 1967-70
Date Headed: N0. Days After March 31
Arthur 38.3 41.4 40.9 39.6
Benhur 37.0 40.5 40.0 38.1
Blueboy 41.5 45.3 44.3 42.6
Knox 62 38.3 41.9 41.3 38.7
Lewis 38.3 42.1 41.4 39.3
Logan 44.0 46.8 46.8 --
McNair 2203 39.0 -- -- --
McNair 4823 39.8 —·- —- —-
Monon 37.5 41.0 40.3 37.9
Redcoat 43.0 46.3 46.3 46.3
Ri1ey 67 39.3 42.6 42.5 40.7
Stadler 40.0 43.0 42.5 40.4
Triumph 36.0 39.8 39.5 37.4
Average 39.4 42.8 42.3 40.1
Survival. Percent
Arthur 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Benhur 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
B1ueb0y 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Knox 62 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
‘ Lewis 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Logan 100.0 100.0 100.0 --
McNair 2203 100.0 -- -- —-
McNair 4823 100.0 -- -- --
Monon 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Redeoat 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Riley 67 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Stadler 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Triumph 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0.
Average 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Test Weight: Pounds Per Bushel
. Arthur 61.8 60.8 60.6 60.6
Benhur 61.2 60.3 60.3 60.3
B1ueb0y 55.8 55.7 55.8 55.7
Knox 62 61.8 60.3 60.2 60.2
Lewis 59.2 57.8 58.0 58.1
Logan 58.6 58.9 58.9 --
McNair 2203 57.4 —- -- -—
McNair 4823 59.9 —- -- ——
Menon 58.8 58.7 58.8 58.9
Redeoat 59.8 60.0 59.7 59.6
Ri1ey 67 60.4 59.3 59.2 59.4
Stadler 61.4 60.5 60.6 60.5
Triumph 62.1 60.6 60.4 60.5
Average 59.9 59.4 59.3 59.4
11

 Table 2. Summary of Wheat Varieties Evaluated at
Princeton. Kentucky
1—Year 2-Year 3-Year 4-Year
Average Average Average Average
Variety 1970 1969-70 1968-70 1967-70 '
Yield: Bushels Per Acre
Arthur 48.6 56.3 49.9 49.6
Benhur 40.5 45.5 41.7 40.4
Blueboy 50.3 50.9 48.9 48.5
Knox 62 40.4 43.2 38.4 38.1
Lewis ,44.2 40.8 38.0 37.1
Logan 49.5 44.3 44.8 -—
McNair 2203 50.8 -- -- --
McNair 4823 47.5 —- —- —— _‘
Monon 32.5 39.5 35.6 34.6
Redcoat 43.3 41.7 42.4 42.3
Riley 67 33.4 35.0 34.3 34.2
Stadler 39.8 42.3 39.9 37.9
· Triumph 33.5 38.1 34.2 34.9 -
Average 42.6 43.4 40.7 36.1 .
Lodged at Maturity: Percent
Arthur 0.0 11.9 31.7 23.8
Benhur 0.0 14.4 35.0 26.3 ,
Blueboy 0.0 15.6 20.0 15.0
Knox 62 0.0 49.4 56.3 46.6
Lewis 0.0 50.0 58.3 43.8
Logan 0.0 31.3 25.8 --
McNair 2203 6.3 —- —- —-
McNair 4823 0.0 -— —— -—
Menon 5.0 47.5 56.3 43.4
Redcoat 0.0 11.9 16.7 12.5
Riley 67 0.0 47.5 59.2 45.0
Stadler 0.0 40.6 50.8 39.4
Triumph 5.0 51.3 58.3 55.0
Average 1.3 33.8 42.6 31.9
Height. Inches
Arthur 37.5 41.0 41.8 39.3
Benhur 39.5 43.0 43.3 41.1
Blueboy 40.3 42.4 42.2 40.3
Knox 62 39.3 43.0 43.9 42.4
Lewis 39.5 42.8 42.6 40.4
Logan 42.3 45.0 44.8 —-
McNair 2203 38.8 —— —- --
McNair 4823 36.0 -- —— -—
Menon 39.0 42.8 42.8 41.3
Redcoat 43.3 47.1 47.3 46.1
Riley 67 39.3 42.5 43.0 41.2 _
Stadler 42.5 45.1 45.3 43.0
Triumph 37.0 40.6 40.8 39.6
Average 39.6 43.2 43.4 37.7
12

 Table 2. {continued)
_ 1—Year 2-Year 3-Year 4-Year
Average Average Average Average
Variety 1970 1969-70 1968-70 1967-70
Date Headed! N0. Days After March 31
Arthur 36.5 36.5 36.8 34.3
Benhur 35.5 34.9 35.4 33.0
Blueboy 39.3 40.9 41.3 37.9
Knox 62 37.3 36.5 36.2 33.5
Lewis 36.0 36.9 37.0 34.4
Logan 42.8 43.9 43.8 —-
McNair 2203 35.5 -- -- --
McNair 4823 41.0 -- -— --
Monon 35.0 35.4 35.8 33.4
Redcoat 42.8 43.9 43.8 42.3
Riley 67 39.5 39.3 40.0 36.6
Stadler 38.3 38.8 38.8 35.5
Triumph 33.8 33.9 34.3 32.1
Average 37.9 38.3 38.5 32.1
Survival, Percent
Arthur 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Benhur 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Blueboy 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Knox 62 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
r Lewis 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Logan 100.0 100.0 100.0 --
McNair 2203 100.0 —- -— ——
McNair 4823 100.0 -- —- —-
Monon 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Redcoat 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Riley 67 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Stadler 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Triumph 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Average 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Test Weight, Pounds Per Bushel
- Arthur 59.2 59.1 58.9 58.7
Benhur 58.6 58.5 58.2 57.9
Blueboy 53.2 52.9 52.3 52.6
Knox 62 58.6 58.4 58.2 58.0
Lewis 57.8 57.2 57.0 56.9
Logan 56.5 56.2 56.4 --
McNair 2203 56.7 -- -- -—
McNair 4823 56.9 -- -- --
Monon 56.9 56.9 56.6 56.5
Redcoat 57.7 57.3 57.3 57.0
Riley 67 56.6 56.3 56.1 56.1
Stadler 59.1 58.4 58.2 57.9
Triumph 58.0 57.9 57.8 57.6
Average 57.4 57.2 57.0 51.7
13

 Table 3. Summary of Wheat Varieties Evaluated
at Murray. Kentucky.
l-Year 2-Year 3-Year
Average Average Average
Variety 1970 1969-70 1968-70
Yield: Bushels Per Acre -
Arthur 64.9 48.7 46.1
Benhur 67.3 46.1 43.1
Blueboy 62.9 52.1 49.6
Knox 62 54.1 44.1 39.6
Lewis 61.9 43.6 40.1
Logan 61.3 47.2 43.8
McNair 2203 58.3 —- --
McNair 4823 51.3 -- --
Menon 59.0 45.6 42.7 .
Redcoat 56.6 44.3 43.9 '
Riley 67 48.8 39.1 37.1
Stadler 55.0 41.6 38.1
Triumph 49.2 41.4 38.2
Average 57.7 44.9 42.0 14
Lodged at Maturity: Percent
Arthur 0.0 0.0 0.0 `
Benhur 0.0 0.0 0.4
Blueboy 0.0 0.0 0.0
Knox 62 0.0 0.0 15.0 `
Lewis 1.3 0.6 4.6
Logan 0.0 0.0 7.9
McNair 2203 0.0 -- --
McNair 4823 0.0 -- -—
Menon 2.5 1.3 5.0
Redcoat 0.0 0.0 0.0
Riley 67 0.0 0.0 12.5
Stadler 0.0 0.0 3.3
Triumph 2.5 1.3 10.8
Average 0.5 0.3 5.4 -
Height. Inches
Arthur 34.0 35.0 36.8
Benhur 38.0 36.0 38.8
Blueboy 35.8 35.6 36.6
Knox 62 40.0 41.5 43.3
Lewis 37.8 36.1 39.1
Logan 39.3 37.1 39.8
McNair 2203 33.8 -- —-
McNair 4823 32.3 —- -- ,
Menon 37.8 38.5 40.8 ‘
Redcoat 46.3 42.4 44.8
Riley 67 37.0 37.0 39.8
Stadler 40.8 39.8 42.6 A
Triumph 36.0 37.0 38.9 ·
Average 37.6 37.8 40.1
14

 Table 3. {continued)
1-Year 2-Year 3-Year
- Average Average Average
Variety 1970 1969-70 1968-70
Date Headed! N0. Days After March 31
Arthur 30.5 31.1 31.4
Benhur 35.3 33.1 32.8
Blueboy 37.5 36.8 35.5
Knox 62 30.0 30.5 31.0
Lewis 30.8 33.1 32.9
Logan 41.5 41.6 41.3
McNair 2203 31.3 —- --
McNair 4823 40.3 -- --
Monon 30.0 30.5 31.0
Redeoat 40.3 40.5 40.5
Riley 67 32.3 33.8 33.8
. Stadler 31.5 33.5 33.5
Triumph 29.0 30.6 31.1
' Average 33.9 34.1 34.1
Survival. Percent
Arthur 100.0 100.0 100.0
Benhur 100.0 100.0 100.0
Blueboy 100.0 100.0 100.0
Knox 62 100.0 100.0 100.0
. Lewis 100.0 100.0 100.0
Logan 100.0 100.0 100.0
McNair 2203 100.0 -- --
McNair 4823 100.0 —- —-
Menon 100.0 100.0 100.0
Redcoat 100.0 100.0 100.0
‘ Riley 67 100.0 100.0 100.0
Stadler 100.0 100.0 100.0
Triumph 100.0 100.0 100.0
Average 100.0 100.0 100.0
Test weight, Pounds Per Bushel
Arthur 59.7 59.3 59.4
' Benhur 57.1 57.2 57.7
Blueboy 57.2 56.9 56.7
Knox 62 59.8 59.8 59.9
Lewis 58.0 57.8 57.9
Logan 59.7 58.9 58.8
M:Nair 2203 55.8 -— --
McNair 4823 58.7 -— -—
Menon 58.2 58.1 58.3
Redcoat 60.0 59.3 59.3
Riley 67 57.4 57.3 57.4
Stadler 59.2 59.2 59.3
Triumph 59.2 59.1 59.3
Average 58.5 58.4 58.5
15

 Table 4. Summary of Wheat Varieties Evaluated at
Bowling Green. Kentucky.
1—Year 2-Year 3-Year 4-Year
Average Average Average Average
Variety 1970 1969-70 1968-70 1967-70
Yield, Bushels Per Acre
Arthur 33.9 39.4 41.1 37.2
Benhur 33.4 32.6 33.9 30.6
Blueboy 37.6 41.3 43.4 37.7 -
Knox 62 36.5 38.5 37.0 31.3
Lewis 32.0 34.8 35.2 30.2
Logan 36.4 43.7 45.8 --
McNair 2203 41.2 —- -— —-
McNair 4823 31.4 -- -- —-
Monon 35.2 36.9 38.0 31.9
Redcoat 27.9 31.7 32.8 30.8
Ri1ey 67 29.4 33.5 35.4 31.5
Stadler 32.5 34.8 33.5 30.5 .
Triumph 35.4 33.7 33.5 32.6 `
Average 34.1 36.4 37.2 32.4
Lodged at Maturity. Percent
Arthur 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 V
Benhur 0.0 0.0 4.2 4.4
Blueboy 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.3
Knox 62 0.0 0.0 15.8 23.1 A
Lewis 0.0 0.0 11.7 11.3
Logan 0.0 0.0 0.0 --
McNair 2203 0.0 —- —— -— V
McNair 4823 0.0 -— -- --
Monon 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.0
Redcoat 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.6
Ri1ey 67 0.0 0.0 18.8 14.7
St:ad1er 0.0 0.0 15.0 16.9
Triumph 0.0 0.0 15.4 14.1
Average 0.0 0.0 7.5 9.1
Height! Inches
Arthur 29.3 32.3 35.0 32.9
Benhur 33.8 34.9 36.6 35.3 ·
Blueboy 33.5 35.6 37.5 35.6
Knox 62 35.5 38.8 40.3 38.4
Lewis 31.3 34.6 37.3 35.3
Logan 34.3 37.0 40.7 --
McNair 2203 32.8 —- —— -—
McNair 4823 29.5 —— -- --
Nonon 32.8 34.4 37.1 36.1
Redcont 36.5 38.5 41.7 40.3
Riley 67 31.8 35.0 37.8 36.3
Stadler 35.5 37.6 41.0 39.0
Triumph 31.5 34.4 37.1 36.0
Average 32.9 35.7 38.4 36.5
16

 Table 4. {Continued)
1—Year 2—Year 3-Year 4—Year
Average Average Average Average
Variety 1970 1969-70 1968-70 1967-70
Survival. Percent
. Arthur 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Benhur 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
‘ B1ueb0y 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Knox 62 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
, Lewis 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Logan 100.0 100.0 100.0 -—
McNair 2203 100.0 -- —- —-
McNair 4823 100.0 -- -— -—
Monon 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Redcoat 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Riley 67 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Stad1er 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Triumph 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Average 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Test Weight. Pounds Per Bushel
Arthur 58.6 58.6 58.8 58.5
Benhur 57.9 58.1 58.1 57.7
Blueboy 58.3 57.9 57.0 56.3
Knox 62 58.6 58.8 59.0 58.5
Lewis 56.9 57.2 57.1 56.0
Logan 59.2 58.7 58.6 --
McNair 2203 57.7 —- -- --
McNair 4823 60.0 -- -— --
Menon 58.1 58.1 58.2 57.3
Redcoat 58.2 57.8 57.8 57.0
Riley 67 57.4 57.4 57.3 57.0
Stadler 58.3 58.4 58.2 57.8
Triumph 58.6 58.7 58.8 58.5
Average 58.3 58.2 58.1 57.5
17

 4 Table 5. A11 Location Summary of Wheat Varieties.
1—Year 2-Year 3-Year 4-Year
Average Average Average Average
Variety 1970 1969-70 1968-70 1967-70
Yield: Bushels Per Acre
Arthur 53.9 52.5 49.6 46.4 ·
Benhur 48.2 43.6 41.4 38.2
Blueboy 54.4 53.2 53.7 49.6
Knox 62 46.6 43.9 39.9 37.0
Lewis 48.3 42.0 39.8 37.1
Logan 50.5 48.3 47.3 --
McNair 2203 52.6 -- -- ——
McNair 4823 48.8 -- -- -—
Monon 46.0 44.1 41.3 37.3
Redcoat 45.7 43.6 42.0 39.7 .
Ri1ey 67 41.3 39.5 38.5 35.9 4
Stad1er 44.3 41.8 39.3 36.4
Triumph 43.6 41.0 38.4 36.9
Average 48.0 44.9 42.8 39.5 y
Lodged at Maturity! Percent
Arthur 7.5 8.9 17.7 14.3
Benhur 1.3 5.5 13.9 11.4 4
B1ueboy 0.6 4.2 5.7 4.6
Knox 62 19.4 31.4 42.0 37.8
Lewis 7.2 18.9 27.0 22.3 4
Logan 3.1 10.3 11.0 —-
McNair 2203 14.7 -- —- -—
McNair 4823 0.0 -— -- -—
Monon 8.1 22.8 28.0 24.1
Redcoat 0.0 3.3 9.6 7.7
Riley 67 4.4 18.4 32.6 26.4
Stadler 11.9 21.7 29.0 25.0
Triumph 15.6 26.3 37.4 33.6
Average 7.2 15.6 23.1 20.7
Heip ht! Inches ·
Arthur 35.3 37.1 39.1 37.8
Benhur 37.9 38.4 40.3 38.7
B1ueboy 37.2 38.1 39.2 37.9
Knox 62 39.3 41.2 42.8 41.7
Lewis 37.3 38.3 40.3 38.8
Logan 39.9 40.5 42.0 ——
McNair 2203 35.9 -— -- —-
McNair 4823 33.8 —- -— --
Monon 37.8 39.1 40.9 39.7 I
Redcoat 43.4 43.8 45.6 44.3
Ri1ey 67 37.4 39.0 41.2 40.0
Stadler 40.7 41.6 43.7 42.2
Triumph 36.3 37.9 40.0 38.7
Average 37.9 39.5 41.4 40.0 4
18

 Table 5. {continued]
l-Year 2-Year 3-Year 4—Year
_ Average Average Average Average
Variety 1970 1969-70 1968-70 1967-70
Date Headed! No. Days After March 31
Arthur 35.1 36.3 36.4 35.4
Benhur 35.9 36.2 36.1 34.8
l Blueboy 39.4 41.0 40.4 38.9
Knox 62 35.2 36.3 36.1 34.7
Lewis 35.0 37.4 37.1 35.8
Logan 42.8 44.1 43.6 —-
McNair 2203 35.3 -- -- -—
McNair 4823 40.3 -— -- --
Monon 34.2 35.6 35.7 34.4
Redcoat 42.0 43.5 43.5 43.3
Riley 67 37.0 38.5 38.8 37.3
Stadler 36.6 38.4 38.3 36.8
Triumph 32.9 34.8 34.9 33.8
Average 37.1 38.4 38.3 36.5
Survival: Percent
Arthur 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Benhur 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Blueboy 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Knox 62 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Lewis 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Logan 100.0 100.0 100.0 --
McNair 2203 100.0 -- -- ——
McNair 4823 100.0 -- -- ——
Monon 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Redcoat 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
- Riley 67 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Stadler 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Triumph 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Average 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Test Weight: Pounds Per Bushcl
Arthur 59.8 59.6 59.8 59.4
· Benhur 58.7 58.8 58.8 58.6
Blueboy 56.1 55.8 55.5 55.3
Knox 62 59.7 59.5 59.4 59.2
Lewis 58.0 57.5 57.6 57.3
Logan 58.5 58.3 58.2 -—
McNair 2203 56.9 -- -- —-·
McNair 4823 58.9 -- —— -—
Monon 58.0 58.1 58.1 57.9
Redcoat 58.9 58.8 58.6 58.3
Riley 67 57.9 57.8 57.7 57.7
Stadler 59.5 59.3 59.2 59.0
Triumph 59.5 59.3 59.2 59.1
Average 58.5 58.4 58.4 58.2
19

 WHEAT PRODUCTION IN KENTUCKY
Importance
Kentucl to 0
§ Q § § R
20

 A Seedbed Preparation
- Seedbed preparations for wheat range from no-tillage
‘ . systems to plowing plus two or three diskings. The degree of
soil preparation will depend upon the cropping system involved.
If wheat is to be sown conventionally following a corn or
soybean crop, two diskings will usually be sufficient to prepare
a good seedbed.
Fertilizer and Lime
Wheat grows best when the soil pH is from 6.0 to 6.5.
To accurately determine lime requirements, a soil test should be
made. it 11me 1S needed it should be applied before seeding. The
following can be used as a guide for lime requirements:
Soil {QH Lime Needed! T0ns[A
Below 5.3 3-4
6.1-6.7 2-3
Above 6.7 None
A soil test should be used also to determine the amounts
_ of phosphorus and potassium to be applied. Phosphorus is
particularly important in the fall during early growth. It
stimulates early growth and vigorous root systems that help
plants survive the winter. Potassium helps plants develop
stronger straw which aids in reducing lodging. The following can
be used as a guide for phosphorus and potassium applications:
P/zosp/zorus S0z`l Test P/wsj)/torus (PAQO5) Needed, Lb/A
Low 80-120
Medium 40-80
High None
21

 Potassium Soil Test Potassium (KQO) Needed, Lb/A
Low 40-80
Medium 0-40
High None
Wheat grain yield will respond to nitrogen applications
up to the point where lodging becomes a problem. Most of the J
better wheat varieties will stand up well with application rates
of 30 to 50 pounds of nitrogen per acre. A split application is
more effective than a single application. One-half of the
nitrogen should be applied at planting time and the remainder A
top dressed next spring about the first of March. .
Method of Planting .
There are three general methods of seeding
wheat——eonventional drilling, broadcasting, and aerial seeding.
Drilling wheat with a grain drill is the most common
method. The use of a grain drill has several advantages. The
seeds are placed at a uniform depth which can be regulated
according to soil moisture conditions. Seed distribution is very
good, with no skipped places in the field.
The broadcast method of seeding wheat, however, is i
becoming more popular because of the reduced labor
requirements and reduced equipment expense. The wheat seed
may be mixed with the fertilizer and this mixture broadcast in
one trip over the field. One disadvantage of this seeding method
is that stands may not be as uniform as with drilling. Skips may
be left in turning,.and there may be strips through the field left _
unseeded owing to improper overlapping. A light disking may i
be required to cover the seed.
Aerial seeding is being used more and will be discussed
under the section on double cropping. A
Planting Rate
Drilled wheat should be planted at the rate of l-lV2
bushels per acre. The broadcast seeding rate should be increased
22

 to 1%-2 bushels per acre. Aerial seeding should be at the rate of
2 bushels per acre to compensate for some loss in stands owing
V to poor seedling survival if weather conditions are unfavorable.
l Seeding rates should be increased by % to 1 bushel per acre if
seeding is delayed after normal seeding dates.
Planting Date
Wheat should be planted between October 1 and
October 25 so that plants can make sufficient growth and
establish a good root system before winter. Varieties resistant to
the hessian fly should be used if planting is done prior to the
fly-free date.
Disease, Insect and Weed Control
·‘ Wild garlic is often a problem in wheat fields. This weed
can be controlled by spraying with 2,4—D in March or early
April. The rate of 2,4-D per acre should be one-half to one pint
of 4 lb/gal of the amine or ester formulation. At this rate 2,4-D
will also control dock and plantain.
Two diseases which may be a problem in wheat fields
are smuts and the rusts. lf smuts have been a problem, planting
certified seed is the best way to control this disease. Rusts are
_ most easily controlled by growing resistant varieties.
Armyworms and grasshoppers are the two insects most
likely to be a problem and both of these can be controlled with '
the use of sevin applied at the rate of 2 pounds of the 50%
wettable powder per acre.
Double Cropping
Wheat double cropped with soybeans is becoming
increasingly important in Kentucky. This method of farming
allows two cash crops to be grown in one year, thus increasing
per acre returns.
Several factors have contributed to the popularity of
double cropping. New higher yielding, shorter strawed, earlier
23

 maturing wheat varieties have become available. Aerial seeding
and fertilization, along with successful no-till planters, have also `
played an important part.
Aerial seeding of wheat in standing soybeans has been
successful. One advantage of aerial seeding is that wheat can be
sown earlier and the plants have more time to become
established before the first hard freeze. The ideal time to aerial
seed wheat in soybeans is just before the big lower leaves of the _
soybean plants fall. The leaves then provide a protective mulch 4
for the germinating wheat seed. The seeding rate should be
increased to 2 bushels per acre to allow for some stand
reduction. Since the seed is not covered by soil some stand loss .
can occur during dry weather. To get uniform seeding and avoid
skipped strips through the field an experienced pilot should be A
used.
Wheat seeded the conventional way with land ‘
preparation following the harvest of soybeans is also successful
in double cropping.
Maturity is quite important in selecting a wheat variety
to use in a double cropping program. A variety should be
selected which matures relatively early. It is important that the
following soybean crop be planted as early as possible to
provide as long a growing season as possible.
5M-7-71