xt7s4m919z26 https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt7s4m919z26/data/mets.xml   Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station. 1945 journals 042 English Lexington. Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station Regulatory series, bulletin. n.42 text Regulatory series, bulletin. n.42 1945 2014 true xt7s4m919z26 section xt7s4m919z26 Regulatory Series, Bulletin N0. 42 - June, 1945
_ Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station
UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY
THOMAS P. COOPER, Director i
COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS IN KENTUCKY IN 1944 I
By J. D. TURNER, H. R. ALLEN and LELAH GAULT
CONTENTS
Page _ Page
Sales by grade, 1944 Penalties for violating the
· Table 1 ...........,...................... 2 fertilizer law ,,,,____________________ 9 .
Approved grades of mixed Points a farmer should con- `
fertilizers, 1945 ,................... 2 sider in buying fertilizer 9 ‘
Mixed fertilizer grades .......... 2 Points a dealer should con-
Function of nitrogen, phos— sider ..,.r.......,........................___ 9
phorus, and potassium in Points a manufacturer
plant nutrition .................,.. 3 should consider .................. 10
Need for nitrogen, phos- Explanation of the tables .... 10
phorus, and potassium .... 4 Farmers’ Guide ...................... 12
· Supplement manure and to- Standing of manufacturers,
bacco stalks with phos- Table 2 ................................ 13
phate ....,................................. 5 Analyses of inspection sam-
How to apply commercial ples of mixed fertilizers,
fertilizer ................................ 6 super—phosphate, and fer-
Relation between soil fer- tilizer salts, Table 3 ............ 14
tility and quality of feeds Analyses of inspection sam-
grown ,..........,.......,..,............. 7 ples of bone, rock phos— ”
Farmers’ samples .........,.......... 8 phate, and basic slag,
Information on guaranty tag 8 Table 4 .................................. 50
The amount of commercial fertilizer sold in Kentucky in 1944,
as estimated from reports of manufacturers, was 226,265 tons. This
was an increase of 46.5 percent over the tonnage for 1943. Of the ·
total tonnage, 135,969 tons were mixed fertilizer, 78,846 tons were ~
superpliosphate, and the remainder was fertilizer salts and materials.
ln addition, 67,000 tons of superphosphate were distributed by the
Agricultural Adjustment Administration.
There was an encouraging increase in the tonnage of some of the
{ higher grades of mixed fertilizer, notably 4-10-6, 4-12-8, 4-12-4 and
6-8-6.

 2 KENTUCKY AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
SALES BY GRADE, 1944
A summary of fertilizer sales by grade, as reported by the manu-
facturers, is given in Tahle 1. The total of 226,265 tons in this sum- .
mary is somewhat less than that calculated from the tax receipts.
TABLE 1.——SALES BY GRADE, AS REPORTED BY NIANUFACTURERS P
Mixed fertilizer Tons Other materials Tons
2-12-6 .....i....i........t.......... 36,958 Superphosphate 20%.. 48,922 _ ,
3-9-6 ............i................. 33,634 Superphosphate 18%.. 26,814
6-8-6 ...i.,........................ 18,906 Ammonium nitrate .... 5,049
4-10-6 .............................. 11,393 Rock phosphate ....,..... 3,287
4-12-4 .........,.......i............ 9,393 Superphosphate 19%.. 3,035
4-12-8 ................i......A...... 8,170 Nitrate of soda ............ 1,524
0-14-7 ...........,.................. 6,482 Cyanamid ..........i......... 587
0-14-4 ...............,.,............ 5,170 Basic slag ...................... 400
3-12-12 ........,..................... 1,703 Manures, processed .... 181 ·
4-12-0 .............................. 1,619 Florida waste
0-12-12 .............................. 1,174 phosphate ...........i.... 100
5-10-10 .........i.................... 687 Bones ............................ 96
2-14-4 __............i............... 131 Triple superphosphate 75
8-8-8 ,,........i...............   124 Sulfate of potash-
10-6-4 .............................. 116 magnesia .............A.... 60
6-10-4 ....................i......... 45 Muriate of potash ._._.... 55
3-18-9 ,,..... . ...................... 40 Manure salts i............... 42
3-12-6 .............................. 40 Sulfate of potash ........ 28 ·
0-20-20 .........._A.._......._._.., 40 Urea ................____...._.....,, 25
0-14-14 .........i....i............. 35 Sulfate of ammonia. 16
Miscellaneous .............. 109 —-—
———— Total ..............i.i..... 90,296
Total ....................i. 135,969
APPROVED GRADES OF MIXED FERTILIZERS, 1945
This list of approved grades of mixed fertilizer for Kentucky for
1944-1945 was limited to fifteen by the War Production Board as a
war cvonoiny 1l1(‘2lSlll'\’. The list is as follows:
0-12-12 4-12- 0
0-14- 7 4-12- 4
0-20-10 4-12- 8
0-20-20 , 5-10-10
2-12- 6 6- 8- 6
3- 9- 6 8- 8- 8
3-12-12 10- 6- 4
3-18- 9
In addition to the grades of mixed fertilizer, superphosphate,
potash salts, and chemical nitrogen materials were available.
MIXED FERTILIZER GRADES
The tonnage of mixed fertilizer sold, as reported by manufac-
turers, was an increase of 30.2 percent over the amount sold in 1943.
As in the previous year, the number of grades sold was restricted by

 COMMERCIAL Fsarrriziaas, 1944 3
the War Production Board and all grades contained a minimum of
18 percent of plant food.
At a meeting of representatives of the fertilizer industry, Station .
Agronomists and members of this Department at the Experiment
Station in November, 1944, one of the topics discussed was grades of
mixed fertilizers. A representative of each fertilizer company was
V asked to state any grades his company desired, other than those on a
list submitted by the Agronomy Department. Several additional .
T grades were suggested but only one, 5-10-5, was not on the present
approved list of the Wai- Production Board. No one advocated a
grade containing less than 18 percent of plant food. This is very
encouraging and we hope it indicates that the reduced number of
grades and higher plant food content of mixed fertilizers will be con-
- tinued voluntarily when the present controls are lifted. ,
FUNCTION OF NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS, AND
POTASSIUM IN PLANT NUTRITION
The percentages of guarmz-feed nutrients present in a commercial
fertilizer are printed on the state tag as nitrogen, phosphoric acid, —
. and potash. These are the nutrients needed in greatest amount and
most likely to be deficient in soils. Some of tl1e functions of these
nutrients are the following:
· Nitrogen promotes leaf and stem development, produces rapid
early growth and, in proper amount, aids in maturing the plant. lt
. adds to the percentage of protein in the plant. In excess it may delay
maturity. The principal sources of water-soluble nitrogen in ferti-
lizers are ammonium sulfate, ammonia liquors, sodium nitrate, am- _
monium nitrate, calcium eyanamid, and urea. The sources of water- _
insoluble nitrogen are bone, tankage and similar materials. Most of
the nitrogen in mixed fertilizers is water soluble.
Phosphorus promotes root formation, acts as a balancer of an
. excess of nitrogen, aids maturity of plants and fruiting, and increases
the ratio of grain and fruit to the plant stalk. It is usually present in
fertilizers in various forms of calcium and ammonium phosphates. lt
is guaranteed and reported as phosphoric acid (PQO5) of which 43.7
pe1·cent is phosphorus. Available phosphoric acid is that part of this
plant nutrient in a fertilizer which can be readily utilized by plants.
’1`he percentage of uva-ilaiblc phosphoric acid in mixed fertilizers and
, superphosphate is guaranteed and printed on the guaranty tag. The
percentage of total phosphoric acid in bone, tankage, rock phosphate,
basic slag, and similar materials is guaranteed and printed on the
guaranty tag.

 4 Knnrucxv Acarcurxruaat EXPERIMENT STATION
Potassium is usually present in fertilizers as potassium chloride
or potassium sulfate and is guaranteed and reported as potash (K2O),
of which 83 percent is potassium. It aids in the general growth of the
plant, in resistance to disease, and the development of sugar and
starch, and it improves the quality of the plant and fruit. Potash. in
fertilizers is soluble in water.
NEED FOR NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS, AND POTASSIUM
N itr0gcn.—Most soils in Kentucky are low in nitrogen. Constant
attention must be given to have enough for crops. Enough nitrogen
. may be furnished by growing legumes and by returning part or all
of the top growth to the land, or by feeding them and returning the .
manure. If not, a nitrogen fertilizer should be used, provided the
expected value of the crop increase exceeds the cost of the fertilizer. y
When production of livestock or livestock products is a main farm
enterprise and a considerable acreage of legume crops is grown for
feed and pasturage, enough nitrogen should be furnished by the
legumes for good crop yields.
Fertilizer nitrogen will have most of its effect on the immediate `
crop. In a seasonable year, on soil needing nitrogen but not lacking
phosphorus and potassium, the proper application of nitrogen should
give increases as large as the following: corn, 1 bushel for each 2 to 3
pounds 'applied; wheat, 1 bushel for each 3 pounds applied; tobacco,
5 pounds for each pound applied; and grass hay crops, 50 pounds
for each pound applied. On land capable of giving moderate to high
yields without addition of nitrogen, smaller increases tha.n these are to
be expected. Estimate the crop yield if no nitrogen is used, and apply
enough nitrogen to obtain the yield wanted. Nitrogen fertilizers
usually are not profitable on meadows and pastures where legumes
make up over half the hcrbage.
I’hosph0rus.—Tlie phosphorus content of most soils is too low
for good crop yields. This is true of all soils in Kentucky except part _
of the soils in the Bluegrass region, particularly in the Inner Blue-
grass, and the most productive bottomland soils. It is very profitable
to use fertilizer phosphorus on low-phosphorus soils. On low-phos-
phatc land phosphorus should be added in fertilizers at the rate of 20
pounds of phosphoric acid per-acre per year. Half this amount
should be enough on soils of moderate phosphorus content in the Blue-
grass region. None is needed on the high-phosphorus soils of the ‘
Inner Bluegrass. The e11tire quantity for a rotation usually should
be applied to the small·grain crop in which the legumes and grasses
are seeded. Another application. however, furnishing 60 to 80

 COMMERCIAL Fmrrrnrznns, 1944 5
pounds of phosphoric acid per acre should be made on tobacco. Also,
before a new seeding of alfalfa, an application should be made to
furnish 20 pounds per acre of phosphoric acid for each year the crop .
is to occupy the land. Permanent pastures should be top-dressed
every few years with enough phosphorus fertilizer to add 10 pounds
‘ of phosphoric acid per acre per year. V
P0taissium.—Most soils in Kentucky are well supplied with potas-
· sium but often it does not become available fast enough for large
crops. Most of the potassium in crops is in the roots, stalks, stems,
and leaves. If these parts of the crop are carefully returned to the
soil either as crop 1·csidues or as farm manure, fairly good yields of
most crops can be produced without using potassium fertilizers. If
this is not done, these fertilizers must be used on most soils for con- V
tinued production of good crops. Tobacco and corn are the first crops `
to suffer from lack of potassium. Alfalfa is close behind. On soils `
needing them, both phosphorus and potassium can be used profitably
even when crops prices are low.
For most crops, where potassium fertilizer is needed, it should be
applied at a rate to supply a total of 25 to 50 pounds of potash per
· acre during a 3- to 4-year rotation. Usually this can be applied most
conveniently on the small grain in the rotation. If this has not been
done and potassium deficiency is expected, a potassium fertilizer also
should be applied on corn at a rate to furnish 20 to 40 pounds of potash
per ac1·e. Also enough potassium fertilizer should be applied on to-
bacco to supply 40 to 80 pounds of potash pe1· acre unless it is certain
that the soil has enough potassium for tobacco. For a new seeding of
alfalfa, 20 to 30 pounds of potash should be applied for each yea1· the ·
crop is to occupy the land. On limed land well supplied with phos- A
phorus, it probably will be profitable to top-dress permanent pasture
with a potassium fertilizer every few years at the rate of 10 pounds of
potash per acre per year.
SUPPLEMENT MANURE AND TOBACCO STALKS WITH
PHOSPHATE
An application of 10 to 15 tons of average farm manure per acre
or 1% to 2% tons of tobacco stalks per acre in the rotation will supply
the nitrogen and potassium needed for good yields of general farm
, crops in Kentucky. But as these materials are low in phosphate, 300
pounds per acre of superphosphate should be added except on those
soils in the Bluegrass region which have a moderate to high phosphate
content.

 6 Kmvrucxy Acnrcurruam, Expmiumrnr STATION
Nitrogen fertilizers such as ammonium nitrate, ammonium sul-
fate, and sodium nitrate, are effective when applied to the surface of -
the soil for small grain, hay, and pasture crops or as side dressings for
row crops. They are soluble and are ea1·ried into the soil by rain. A
However, in dry seasons they are most effective for row crops when-
plowed under or applied at the bottom of the furrow in plowing, but
this should be done after the first of April, because nitrogen may be . `
lost by leaching if applied earlier. These fertilizers when placed deep
also stimulate growth of seedling weeds much less than when placed
shallow.
Phosphorus and potassium are held by the soil where placed and
hence are not very edective on the immediate crop unless placed in the ‘
soil so as to be easily accessible to plant roots. These fertilizer con-
stituents, unless applied heavily, are much less edective on the imme- i
diate crop when mixed with the soil than when concentrated in bands.
HOW TO APPLY COMMERCIAL FERTILIZER
On tobacco, commercial fertilizer, unless applied heavily (more ·
than 800 pounds per acre) is most effective applied in two bands, one _
on each side of the row, 3 to 4 inches from the row and at least three
inches below the surface of the soil. The fertilizer should not come in
contact with the roots of the plants when set, and should be deep
enough to be in moist soil during dry periods. Special fertilizer at-
tachments to setters apply fertilizers fairly well in this way, or a one- V
row fertilizer distributor can be used. The application should be
made shortly before, during, or soon after setting, except that nitro-
gen is fairly effective applied later.
When more than 800 pounds is applied, it 1nay be best to apply
only 200 or 300 pounds at the row and distribute the rest more uni-
formly. A more even residual effect of the fertilizer on following
crops is obtained in this way. The part not to be applied at the row
can be broadcast before plowing and plowed under; or, better yet,
applied at the bottom of the furrow in plowing. Attachments to plows ` V
to do tl1is can be bought or made. Less preferably, the fertilizer may “
be broadcast after plowing and disked in as deep as possible. This
docs not place the fertilizer deep enough in dry seasons. If applied
afte1· plowing, drilling in deep with a grain drill may be better.
On corn, fertilizer attachments to planters apply fertilizer with `
satisfactory results up to 200 or 300 pounds per acre at the hill or 500
pounds along the row. \Vhen more is applied, stand and growth of
the young plants may be injured in dry seasons. For heavier appli-
cations. use one of tl1e methods mentioned in the foregoing paragraph.

 C0MMnRc1Ar. Fmvrrrizaus, 1944 - 7
RELATION BETVVEEN SOIL FERTILITY AND QUALITY
OF FEEDS GROWN U .
How to grow good yields of high-quality food and feed crops, rich »
in the mineral elements essential for both man and livestock, is one of
the great problems of agriculture. Knowledge that infertile, worn-
out soil will not return good yields is, of course, nearly as old as farm-
ing itself. But the fact that crops grown on soil capable of producing ~
i satisfactory yields may be inferior as feed or food because they are .
deficient in some nutrient element for which they are dependent on
the soil, is less generally known and is only beginning to receive the at-
. tention it deserves. Experiments have shown that where the soil is
deficient in some essential nutrient, the crops grown, though satis-
` factory in yield, may nevertheless be inferio1· as feed, and may lead to 1
. unthriftiness of livestock. In Tennessee, for example, legume hay ·
produced on soil where phosphorus was deficient was too low in phos-
phorus to give the results generally expected of legumes for growing
or producing livestock, unless supplemented by some other source of i
phosphorus. Improvement of the feeding quality of crops is there-
4 fore another important 1·eason for use of the proper fertilizers, where n
needed.
For good yields of high-quality plants the mineral nutrients must
_ not only be present in the soil, but they must be in proper amounts and
in available form. Some are required in relatively large amounts;
seme only in small amount. Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and
calcium are required in largest amounts and, of all the nutrients, are
most likely to be needed as soil amendments, consequently these (ex-
cept calcium) a1·e the nutrients usually guaranteed in commercial
fertilizers. Magnesium, sulfur, iron, manganese, boron, copper, zine, ~
and probably molybdenum also are essential nutrients of plants but
they are needed only in relatively small amounts. Animals need, in
addition, iodine, cobalt, sodium, and chlorine, which are obtained
from the soil indirectly through feed plants, though sodium and
chlorine are supplied chiefly in common salt. Iron, manganese, boron,
copper, zinc, iodine, and cobalt become toxic if present in quantities
slightly larger than those required. Fluorine, barium, arsenic, lead,
and selenium are highly toxic at low percentages.
Present knowledge of the need for "minor elements" in Kentucky
soils does not justify general recommendations for inclusion of them
I in fertilizer mixtures. There are some indications that the applica-
tion of these nutrients to soils where they are not needed might. in
time, do much more harm than good. Best practice seems to favor
the use of a minor-element fertilizer only when a dehnitc need for a.
particular element has been demonstrated. Most Kentucky soils

 8 Kmrrucxv Acnicumsuiim. Exvnmmrnr SrAr1oN
seem, according to our present knowledge, to be supplied with these
minor elements for ordinary farm crops, though boron has been found
deficient for alfalfa and some fruits in some soils. These crops on T
these soils have responded to fertilization with borax.
FARMERS’ SAMPLES
The Kentucky fertilizer law provides that any person in the state
not a dealer in or agent for the sale of any fertilizer, who may pur-
chase fertilizer, for his own use, and not for sale, ma.y have it analyzed i
free of charge by the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station.
However, the law further provides that in order for such analysis to
be made the sample must be taken in a prescribed way. If a farmer
desires to have his fertilizer analyzed by the Experiment Station, he
should write the Department of Feed and Fertilizer Control for in-
structions. This is important, for no analysis of fertilizer will be "
made unless proper procedure in taking the sample is followed.
INFORMATION ON GUARANTY TAG
A state guaranty tag issued by the Kentucky Agricultural Ex-
periment Station, showing the 1nanufacturer’s guaranty, must be
attached to each bag of fertilizer before it can be lawfully offered for ·
sale in Kentucky. It is a violation of the law to change the tag in any
manner, either by addition or erasure. Purchasers of fertilizer should
be guided by the information printed on the guaranty tag in selecting
a. fertilizer. If the fertilizer is not tagged with a state guaranty tag,
or if the tag has been changed in any manner, it should be reported to
the Department immediately. The following information is printed
on the guaranty tag:
Brand name of fertilizer
Name and address of manufacturer
Guaranteed analysis showing: _
Minimum nitrogen, percent
Minimum available phosphoric acid, percent
Minimum potash, from muriate or sulfate, percent
Estimated value per 100 pounds
Total phosphoric acid, in place of available phosphoric acid, is
guaranteed in bone, tankage, basic slag, and rock phosphate. At the
bottom of the tag must be a stamp on which is printed the net weight
of the fertilizer in the package and authorization by the Director, of
its sale. The estimated value is used for comparing values of fertil-
izers of different grades, and it should not be confused with the sell-
ing priee. Selling price cannot be accurately estimated because of A
the many factors, sonic of them variable, which are included in it.

 . COMMERCIAL Fmrrrnxzsns, 1944 9
PENALTIES FOR VIOLATING THE FERTILIZER LAW
‘ Any manufacturer, iirm, dealer or vendor who sells or exposes
for sale in Kentucky commercial fertilizer without complying with
· the provisions of the fertilizer law is subject to a fine of from $100.00
. _ to $500.00 for each offense. Furthermore, if a fertilizer is short in
net weight or short in the essential plant-food nutrients, a manufac-
turer, iirm, or dealer may not only be Hned $100.00 to $500.00 for
violating the fertilizer law, but ‘ ‘shall be liable for reasonable damages
sustained by the purchaser of such fertilizer." .
' It is important therefore that the dealer should protect himself .
by purchasing from reliable firms who comply with the law. Other-
wise, he will lay himself liable for selling fertilizers in violation of
the law.
POINTS A FARMER SHOULD CONSIDER IN BUYING ¥
FERTILIZER ‘
~ 1. Ascertain the needs of the soil and what will supply them. _
No fertilizer will give proper results if it does not contain the plant
nutrients in which the soil is deficient. If in doubt as to the kind
of fertilizer the soil needs, consult the county agent or the Experi— ’
ment Station.
2. Be guided by the information given on the state guaranty tag.
3. Buy no fertilizer that is not registered and tagged with a state
official tag. If it is not tagged with a state guaranty tag, it is being
_ sold in violation of the law and it should be refused.
4. Buy high-grade fertilizer because plant food comes cheaper in
those even though the price per bag is higher than for low-grade
fertilizer. V
POINTS A DEALER SHOULD CONSIDER
1. Handle no fertilizer that is not registered and tagged with a
state guaranty tag at the time of purchase.
2. Handle only high-grade fertilizer—fertilizer that will most
economically serve your customers.
3. Buy only from reputable manufacturers who have good rec-
ords and are complying with the fertilizer law and will assist you in
complying with the law.
* 4. Have dehnitely in mind the kinds of fertilizer your trade
needs, and buy only fertilizers that will meet these needs.

 10 KENTUCKY AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
5. Insist that the tags be attached to the bags by the manufac- i
turer when shipment is made. Some manufacturers place tags in the
truck or car with the shipment of fertilizer without attaching them to
the bags. This often results in confusion and failure to tag at all,
as the tags may be misplaced or lost. —
POINTS A MANUFACTURER SHOULD CONSIDER
Before a manufacturer sells or offers fertilizer for sale to farmers
or dealers in Kentucky, he should carefully consider and comply with
` the following:
1. Sell or offer no fertilizer for sale in Kentucky until it is regis-
tcred and labeled according to the requirements of tl1e law so that all
concerned will be within the law and properly protected.
2. Every brand must be registered and bear a state official tag
showing the manufacturer ’s guaranty.
3. The state official tag contains the only legal guaranty, and `
any statements on private tags or containers to the contrary are not
` within the requirements of the law.
4. No alteration, either by additions or erasures, of the official
tag, is permissible under the law, and any alterations made are in
violation of the law.
5. All fertilizers must equal or exceed the guaranties made by
the inaiuifacturers. An excess of one plant nutrient does not com-
pensate for a deficiency of another.
6. A state official tag must be attached to each and every package
of fertilizer. Do not make shipments to dealers or farmers in Ken-
tucky without properly attaching tags, for you would thereby subject
your customers to embarrassment in handling fertilizer not labeled
according to law.
T. Clieek weights of ingredients in mixed fertilizers carefully, ·
and mix thoroughly. Prepare as nearly as possible mixtures that will
not segregate. Many analyses made by this Department show one
nutrient to be considerably above guaranty while another is far below
guaranty. 'l`his 1nay be caused by insufficient mixing or by segre- .
gation.
EXPLANATION OF THE TABLES
Table 2 gives the standing of manufacturers as determined by
the results of analysis of official samples. Figures in the last column
give the number of deficiencies of more than one-fourth of 1 percent

 COMMERCIAL Fmrrxtxznx, 1944 11
in nitrogen, phosphoric acid, or potash. This is the tolerance allowed ,
in Kentucky Fertilizer Law. Deficiencies less than this tolerance
are not considered evidence of fraudulent intent by the manu-
facturer.
The number of deficiencies of more than one-fourth of 1 percent
increased somewhat over last year. Deficiency in available phos- .
phoric acid in many cases was accompanied by high insoluble phos-
phoric acid. This may have been caused in part by using in mixtures
superphosphate or base goods which had not cured for a sufficient `
length of time. In a number of cases when part of the potash was
` guaranteed from sulfate and part from muriate, analysis, as deter-
mined by the amount of chlorides present, showed too great a propor- ,
tion from muriate. This may be due to use of manure salts in place
. of high grade muriate of potash to supply the potash from muriate.
Table 3 gives the results of analysis of all inspection samples
except bones, rock phosphate, and basic slag, which are given in
Table 4.
If an analysis shows a deficiency of more than one-fourth of 1
percent below the amount claimed for nitrogen, phosphoric acid or
potash, or if the relative value is 4 percent or more below the guar-
anty, the result is indicated in bold-face type. `

 FARMERS’ GUIDE
A farmer who buys fertilizer has several aids in selecting the
right kind. He should know the needs of his soil, if he does not
he should consult his County Agent or the Experiment Station. He _·
should read the guaranty tag carefully and base his selection on the
information given on the tag. Then by consulting the tables of re-
` sults in this bulleti11 he can gain an idea of the reliability of the
manufacturer. lf the manufaeturer’s record is good, the fertilizer
is likely to be what it is represented to be on the tag. If his record
is bad, then the fertilizer is likely to be poor.
Farmers who buy on price instead of on price.plus quality are
practicing false econoniy. Low-grade fertilizer is costliest.

 COMMERCIAL FERTILIZER, 1944 13
TABLE 2.——SrAND1N<; or MANUFACTURERS, BASED ON OFFICIAL SAMPLES ·
ANALYZED IN 1944.
Nrltrogenzdphosé
01*1 8.Cl , 8.11
Number £,iT&?t p 1$0t8Sh
Nun}ber eckigal OI.  
COLIPANY lIlSpgCtlOI1 gl13.?`&I1lLy Tgxge Number ggggfie-r
samples ln in of ciencies
— value value analyses of more
made than
IA of 1%
American Agricultural Chemical
Company ................................,. 53 40 0 124 16
` American Cyanamid Company.. 3. 1 0 3 1
Armour Fertilizer Works ......,,.. 95 82 5 235 13 Z
Louisville Fertilizer ~
Company .......................... 5 5 0 15 1
V Morris Fertilizer Company 1 1 0 3 1
Tennessee Chemical
Company ...........l.................l.... 14 13 1 33 4
Associated Cooperatives _____,__,___ 2 2 0 2 ()
The Barrett Division, Allied °
Chemical and Dye Corp ......l 4 4 0 4 0
Buhner Fertilizer Company .... 14 13 0 39 6
Chilean Nitrate Sales Corp ..... 2 2 0 2 0
Cumberland Chemical Company 21 19 O 46 4
Darling and Company ........._._,_,_ 1 1 0 1 0
Davison Chemical Corporation
Hopkins Fertilizer Division 24 24 0 64 2
Read Phosphate Division .... 55 39 7 132 29
Federal Chemical Company .... 85 76 3 216 '22
Hutson Chemical Company .... 6 3 0 12 2
International Minerals a n d A
Chemical Corporation .......... 56 50 1 140 11
Knoxville Fertilizer Company .... 57 42 3 125 16
North American Fertilizer
Company ....................r........... 45 36 4 120 20
National Chemical
Company ........................... 1 .... 1 1 0 3 0
Price Chemical Company ........ 31 29 0 78 4
Consolidated Chemical
Company .................................. 12 11 0 27 0
Ruhm Phosphate and Chemical
Company ................................ 7 5 0 7 2
Swift and Company Fertilizer
Works .................,....,.............,. 20 20 O 49 0
i Tennessee Coal, Iron and
Railroad Company ................ 1 1 0 1 0
Tennessee Corporation ................ 10 7 0 23 5
Virginia-Carolina Chemical
Corporation .............,.l.i...,...... 59 57 0 138 3
Totals .....,,............................... 684 584 24 1642 162

 TABLE 3.~—ANALYSES or INSPECTION SAMPLES or MIXED
 
ame and dr o
;§fg':i?g;·\ ma§ufacturer,agra$ii;1S mime \ From whom obtained
. and guaranty
  \
The American Agricultural Chemical Co., Cincinnati, 0.
6334 6-8-6 (Muriate) .................,_,,,,.....___ Harlan Fruit Co., Harlan ......,.................
6445 Geo. W. Hill, Covington ............................
6620 John A. Sheehan, Falmouth ....................
6289 4-12-4 (Muriate) ............................ W hitesburg Wholesale Co., Whitesburg
6290 Mountain Dew Coal Co., Lexington ........ -
6335 Walters and Thompson, Shelbyville .,....
6446 . Henderson&Hardy Co., Shepherdsville
6447 J, H, Fedders & Son, Covington ............
6291 4-12-0 ..............................................._ Mountain Dew Coal Co., Lexington ......
6336 H, W. Smith, Horse Cave ............,...........
6448 A. T. Hayes Hardware Co., Glendale ....
6449 G, C, Townsend, Carlisle ........................
6450 4-10-6 (Muriate) ............................ L. F, Wellman, Louisa ............................ -
6337 4-10-6 (Muriate 2, Sulfate 4) ...... Lebanon Carriage & Implement Co.,
Lebanon ....................................................
6338 Bedford & Tuttle,Winchester ......,.........
6339 Pollard Brothers, Cropper ..........,.............
6340 Bale Hardware C0., Horse Cave ............
6451 C. V. King, Oakland ................................
6621 Raymond Martin, Utica ....................,,....
6292 3-9-6 (Muriate) ................................ J. J. Hughes, Campton ...............l............
6341 Lebanon Carriage & Implement Co.,
Lebanon ....................................................
6452 · L. F. Wellman, Louisa ,...........................
6622 J. H. McClure, Springfield ....................
6623 C. B. Carden, Hartford ............................
6624 W. E. Bibb, Sacramento . .........................
6342 2-12-6 (Muriate) ............................ Lebanon Carriage & Implement Co.,
Lebanon ...................................................l
6453 Walton & Readnour, Walton ................
6454 Baughman Milling Co., Stanford ..........
6625 Hayes Hardware Store,
Dawson Springs ....................................
6626 John A. Sheehan, Falmouth ....................
6772 Lebanon Carriage & Implement Co.,
Lebanon ...............................................l....
6773 Baughman Milling Co., Stanford ..........
6774 Caulk Harware Co., Campbellsville ....
6836 Magnolia Hardware Co., Magnolia ...... .
6837 Henderson & Hardy Co.,
Shepherdsville ....................i...................
14

 FERTILIZERS, SUPERPHOsPHAT12, AND FERTILIZER SALTs ,
Nitrogen Index of relative
Phosphoric Sulfate Value Station
aeid Pctash guaranty number
_ yvatal. available met
ilcml \ soluble Guaranty I Found
perct. perct. perct. perct.
5.97 5.93 8.32 6.07 ...... 37.8 38.2 6334 `
6.12 6.04 8.20 6.02 ...... 37.8 38.5 6445
5.67 5.63 8.45 6.52 ...... 37.8 37.8 6620
4.25 4.15 11.55 3.97 ...... 33.2 33.5 6289
‘ 4.22 4.08 11.10 4.02 ...... 33.2 32.9 6290
4.09 3.99 11.65 4.19 _..... 33.2 33.3 6335 i
4.18 4.06 12.05 4.25 ..._,_ 33.2 34.2 6446 .
4.14 4.08 11.50 5.17 ...... 33.2 34.5 6447
~ 4.25 4.00 11.35 ...... , _____ 28.4 28.5 6291
4.51 4.28 11.45 ....