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MILES AND KNOTS

A statute mile contains 5,280 feet. It is the United
States and English standard of itinerary measure. A
nautical mile, or “knot,” as it is commonly called, is
supposed to be equal in length to one-sixtieth part of
the length of a degree of a great circle of the earth, and
the English Admiralty has, therefore, adopted, 6,080
feet as the length of a nautical mile, which corresponds
With the length of one-sixtieth of a degree of a great
Circle in latitude 48. The United States Coast Survey
has adopted 6,080.27 feet as a nautical mile, the same
being ”one-sixtieth part of the length of a degree on
the great circle of a sphere whose surface is equal to
the surface of the earth."

12

 Cruise Round the World

 

MY LOG BOOK

First Day—Thursday, November 15

13

 

 American Express Company

 

Second Day—Friday, November 16
AT SEA

14

 

 Cruise Round the World

 

Third Day—Saturday, November 17
AT SEA

15

 

 American Express Company

 

Fourth Day—Sunday, November 18
AT SEA

16

 

 Cruise Round the World

 

Fifth Day—Monday, November 19

HAVANA

(NOTE: Don’t drink unboiled water (luring the
cruise. That supplied on shipboard and at hotel tables
is all right—elsewhere bottled water is safest.)

Cuba was a Spanish colony until 1898, when
as a result of the Spanish—American War she
was given sovereignty as a republic under certain
restraining regulations in behalf of United
States. The Cuban peso is guaranteed at 50c by
the U. S. Treasury. The traveler, however, will
use American money. Havana is of late steadily
gaining in popularity as a winter resort, partly
perhaps because it is 150 miles from United
States territory—far beyond the three-mile limit.

 

 American Express Company

 

18

 

 Cruise Round the \Vorld

 

Sixth Day—Tuesday, [\"(wember 20

AT S m

19

 

  

American Express Company

 

Seventh Day—W'ednesday, November 21
AT SEA

30

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 Cruise Round the World

 

Eighth Day—Thursday, November 22
AT SEA

 

21

 

  

American Express Company

 

Ninth Day—Friday, November 23

THE PANAMA CANAL

The Canal channel is 42 miles long—from
deep water to deep water, Pacific to Atlantic,
the distance is 50 miles. On the Atlantic side,
it follows the Chagres River valley up to the
height of land, cuts through, then descends by
the valley of the Rio Grande. The (jatun Dam
(on top of which is a 9—hole golf course) was
built to flood the Chagres back into a lake
(Gatun Lake) in order to lessen the amount of
excavating needed on that side of the ridge. The
three steps of the Gatun Locks bring vessels
up to the Lake’s level from the Atlantic. Three
locks on the Pacific side lead ships down again
to sea level.

The Panama Railroad, completed in 1855,
carried the first trans-continental train across
the New World (and, moreover, did it from
west to east!). It had to be relocated along
nearly its whole length while the Canal was
building. Cristobal lies at the Atlantic end
and is within the Panama Canal Zone (U. S.
territory). The town adjoining it is known as
Colon. At the other end lies Balboa in the
Zone, with Panama just across the Zone line.

Doughty Balboa (not “stout Cortez” gazing
in “wild surmise,” as Keats’ poem had it)
crossed the Isthmus 100 miles south of the
Canal route, in 1513, discovering “the South
Sea,” later by Magellan named the Pacific.

General direction of Canal, Atlantic to Paci—
fie, is south east! It does not run westward to
the Pacific at all!

22

 Cruise Round the World

 

 

23

 

 American Express Company

 

Tenth Day—Saturday, November 24

AT SEA

24

 

 Cruise Round the World

 

Eleventh Day—Sunday, November 25
AT SEA

 

  

American Express Company

 

Twelfth Day—Monday, November 26
AT SEA

Much detailed informative matter appears in
the FRANCONIA Cruise Handbook under
captions of the ports and cities to be YiSlt€d.
Reference to it will be of interest as we go

along. (Copies will be available at the Cruise
Office on board.)

26

 Cruise Round the World

 

Thirteenth Day—Tuesday, November 27

AT SEA

27

 

 American Express Company

 

Fourteenth Day—Wednesday, November 28

AT SEA

28

 

 

 Cruise Round the World

 

Fifteenth Day—Thursday, November 29
Thanksgiving Day

AT SEA

 

 American Express Company

 

Sixteenth Day—Friday, November 30

AT SEA

 

 

 American Express Company

 

Seventeenth Day—Saturday, December 1

AT SEA

31

 

  

 

American Express Company

 

Eighteenth Day—Sunday, December 2

SAN FRANCISCO

Spanish pioneers from San Diego happened
upon this fair harbor in 1769, and gave it its
fairer name. Spaniards made a settlement
here at the same time that the Declaration of
Independence was being signed 3,000 miles
away. The Presidio, now a federal military
barracks and reservation, was the original site;
the little Mission these Spanish settlers erected
in 1776, now stands at 16th and Dolores
Streets. Gold in 1848 put San Francisco “on
the map”; now the city’s “area” holds nearly
one—third of California’s population. “Most
uniform climate in the world,” they tell you.
We shall see a great deal of the city while we
are her guests.

32

 

 

  

 

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Nineteenth Day—Monday, December 3

 

 American Express Company

 

Twentieth Day—Tuesday, December 4

AT SEA

34

 

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Twenty-first Day—IVednesday, December 5

AT SPA

35

 

  

 

American Express Company

 

Twenty-second Day—Thursday, December 6

AT SEA

30

 Cruise Round the World

 

Twenty-third Day—Friday, December 7

AT SEA

37

 

 American Express Company

 

Twenty-fourth Day—Saturday, December 8

AT SEA

38

 

 

 Cruise Round the World

 

Twenty-fifth Day—Sunday, December 9

AT SEA

39

 

  

 

American Express

Company

 

40

 Cruise Round the World

 

Twenty-sixth Day—Monday, December 10

HILO

The “Crescent City by the Sea,” second city
in the Hawaiian Islands (11,000 inhabitants),
main seaport of the Island of Hawaii,
easternmost and largest of the Archipelago,
one of the eight inhabited islands of the group.
Originally known as the Sandwich Islands,
after an Earl of Sandwich; so named in 1778
by their English discoverer, the famous Cap-
tain Cook, killed here, to whose memory a
monument stands on the western side of
Hawaii. Its native inhabitants are Poly—
nesians, closely allied to the Samoans, the
Maoris of New Zealand and the Marquesans;
“a stalwart, hospitable, courteous, pleasure lov—
ing people,” whose beautiful liquid language
needs but 12 letters. Hilo is 190 sea miles
from Honolulu.

On Hawaii Island (Hah—wy-ee) is the fa-
mous Kilauea Volcano. Its open fiery pit of
molten lava is “one of earth’s most stupendous
spectacles.”

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“ ’ Twenty-seventh Day—Tuesday, December 11

HONOLULU

On Oahu Island. Capital of Territory of
Hawaii; as much a part of U. S. politically as
Brooklyn or San Francisco. Population 75,-
000. It lies 2,100 miles from San Francisco,
3,400 from Japan.
A busy American—style city. After skirting
_ Maui, Koko Head and Diamond Head of Oahu
are passed as we approach. Then comes
famed Waikiki Beach, behind it the Punch
. Bowl. The Pali (cliffs) are on the opposite
side of the Island.
:2 The Island’s main export is sugar; with
pineapples a poor second, coffee third. Oahu
is lush with crops of the first two.

We shall see many Japanese at this City of
Flowers—many in their homeland kimonos.
The Aquarium’s collection is a gem, in spite of
its small size.

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Twenty-eighth Day—Wednesday,
December 12

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Twenty-ninth Day—~Thursday, December 13
AT SEA

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Thirtieth Day—Friday, December 14
AT SEA

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Thirty-first Day—Saturday, December 15

AT SEA

47

 

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Thirty-second Day—Sunday, December 16

AT SEA

 

 

 Cruise Round the World

 

Thirty-third Day—Monday, December 17
AT SEA

49,

 

 American Express Company

Thirty-fourth Day—Tuesday, December 18
AT SEA

 

 

 Cruise Round the World

 

YlJiirty-fifth Day—Wédnesday, December 19
AT SEA

Tina MIsSINe. DAY
CROSSING “l‘IIE DATE LINE”

For uniformity in Calendars, the “International I)ate
line" \\as estaldished 10' Convention in lh'd‘). It coin-
cides with the 1813“ Meridian (0° is at (ireenwieh, ling-
land) except for some island groups helow the Equator.

\\'hen it is noon at (ireenwit‘ll it is midnight on the
line, and a new day by rummun runst‘nt “lwgins.” At
1 l’, M. at (ireennieh, January 1, it is 1 A. My January
2, on the Line. \Vhen, on the Line, it is 11:59 1’, M.
January 2, January 1 is just ending: on the eastern side
of the Line. A minute later it is January 3rd—henee a
vessel going west skips from January 1 to January 3rd.
Vessels goingr \\ est skip a day; those going east enjoy
two of the same date.

In the course of the sun, its advent at each meridian
on the earth's surface marks the hour of noon for all
places on that meridian. Therefore, one travelling from
\\'est to liast or with the sun will “get the sun up
earlier"; he will find tt the instant the sun arrives at
his meridian (that is, noon), that it must not yet he
noon at the plate he left yesterday and past noon at
the place he wants to reach tomorrow. It is just the
contrary if he sails westward or “with the sun." In
other words, as he goes eastward he shortens his day
and as he goes westward he lengthens it with the pro—
portion of one hour in advance or l>ehind of the origi—
nal time, to the difference of 15° of longitude.

Suppose a nadg‘ator starts eastward from the meri—
dian of Greenwich. 01] arriving at the meridian of
180° at one u't'lurlt’ on the morning of THURSDAY,
May 23th (ship's time) he will find it one n’t‘lm’k in
the afternoon of \\'l{l)\'l{.\‘l),\Y, May 24th, at Green—
wieh, twelve hours earlier. 1y thus halLeireumnavi—
eating the globe he will find the sun tree/7e lznurx in ad—
vance of (ireenwieh time. Let us again consider he
eontinnes on in the same direction and Completes the
(‘ircumnzuigatine‘ voyage without alteringr his date, he
will have gained another twelve hours on his arrival at
tireenwich N0 I\|.\'l"l‘l{l\’ ll()\\" LONG Illi MAY
TAKE IN GETTING TllliRlC: he imagining the day
of his return to he, say a THURSDAY Hnuiz, “hen in
reality it will he \\'l€l)NESDi\Y 110011.

51

 

  

 

American Express Company

 

Thirty-sixth Day—Thursday, December 20

AT SEA

52

 Cruise Round the World

Thirty-seventh Day—Friday, December 21

AT SEA

53

 

 

 American Express Company

Thirty-eighth Day—Saturday, December 22
AT SEA

 

 

 Cruise Round the World

 

1 hirfy- ninth Day—Sunday, Decembfr 23

1
{okoinut I: ,1 .

Coming into the Harbor, we pass several
strongly fortified islets. In the city we will
see modernized .lapanwa great cosmopolitan
seaport of 500,000 people. llasehall a popular
sport. Mt. liuji can he seen from ship's deck
on clear mornings. l,)(( Ht) Americans reside
here.

Commodore Perry hegan ‘lapan—American
History in this llarhor in 1853 when with the
persuasive inlluence of a 1‘. S. naval squadron
he put into the Shogun's hand President hill—
more's “request” (that was, Virtually a demand)
for a commercial treaty. lhis \\ (is first trzettV
ever made with a western land. The llay
far to the left of our dock, beyond “Treaty
l’oint," is “Mississippi llay” (we cross it on the
way to anchorage), named after Perry’s llagp
ship. “Treaty Day” is a sort of lapanaXmerican
4th of July.

“The Settlement” is the ma chiefly dwelt in
by Europeans and Americans. Tokyo is 18
niles away; excellent electric— and steam—roads
connecting.

Monetary system simple: 100 sen::_l yen
(about 50c U. S. currency). Letters to Amer—
ica, 20 sen, postcards 10 sen, Mails go twice
monthly to S‘attle or Vancouyer, taking,r 10
days.

Yokohama is “a good place to shop" (as are
also Kyoto and Kobe, where there will be less
time for doing it)

(Le ca1eful not to lean back suddenly while
in rick haws )

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American Express Company

 

Fortieth Day—Monday, December 24

KAMAKURA

Fourteen miles southwest of Yokohama, especially
famed for a great bronze Daibutsu standing in the open
It is cast in the “Amida form of Buddha”; i. e., the
Supreme Buddha of the Paradise of the Pure Earth of
the West. “A deity of consolation, help, and deliver-
ance.” It was cast in 1222, of one-inch plates joined
with extraordinary skill. It is 50 feet high.

Kamakura, once the seat of empire, has a flourishing
past to compensate for its small size at present and its
relative insignificance. In the 15th Century it is said to
have harbored a million people. Now a charming sea-
side resort convenient to Tokyo and Yokohama.

 

 

 Cruise Round the World

 

Christmas Day

 

 

   

 

 

American Express Company

 

Forty-second Day—
Wednesday, December 26

TOKYO

Japan’s present capital, owning over two million in-
habitants; and because of its one and two—story charac—
ter covers a vast area. So devastating and frequent are
its fires that they have a saying, “Fire is Tokyo's
flower." Earthquake disasters no less catastrophic oe—
cur from time to time. It is a centre of learning and
trade. Fiji can easily be glimpsed from Tokyo and
Yokohama on clear days. The Emperor's castle, ad—
mittance to which is forbidden the populace or casual
tourists, is a wide—flung collection of strongholds and
parks. A parliamentary system somewhat like that of
the German Empire exists; the Emperor being both
political and spiritual head of the nation. There is now
no state religion, although Shinto was for a time so
decreed, but holds at present equal popularity with
Buddhism.

   
  
  
   
   
  
  
   
    
  
    

 Cruise Round the World

 

Forty-third Day—Thursday, December 27

 

59

 

 American Express Company

 

Forty-fourth Day—Friday, December 28

 

 

 

 

 Cruise Round the World

 

Forty-fifth Day—Saturday, December 29

N IKKO

Nikko is ninety miles north of Tokyo; about four
hours‘ run by train from Ucno Railway Station in the
capital. It is noted as the burial place of two of the
mightiest of the Shoguns, the first of whom died in
1624. A t\\'enty—five—mile avenue of towering weathered
Cryptomeria (japanese giant cedar) trees once formed
part of its elaborate approach. By leavingr our train
at Iinaichi, we shall get a sixdnile motor trip thru the
best remaining part of the avenue to the charming
hotels at Nikko. The Parisians say “See Paris and
die”; Japanese say, “Do not say splendid (kekko)
until you have seen Nikko.”

The oft-pictured Sacred Red Bridge of Japan (Mi—
hashi) is at the entrance to the Mausolea grounds, a
curving, vermillion, eighty—three-foot span, gracefully
arching the unruly river Daiyagawa that plunges sea—
ward deep in its gorge from Lake Chuzenji. Nature,
too, has seemed to meet mankind much more than half
way at Nikko.

6|

 

 

 American Express Company

 

Forty-sixth Day—Sunday, December 30

AT SEA

 

 

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Forty-seventh Day—Monday, December 31

AT SEA
KOBE

A seaport surpassing Yokohama in activity.
Nearly half the exports of ~lapan pass through
Kobe. Fifth city in Japan in population—500,—
000 rapidly increasing. The “Inland Sea”
begins here, stretching westward. Kobe
boasts 41 banks, 90 Buddhist temples, 74
Shinto shrines and 32 match factories! In
1868 it was a hamlet. It has one of the three
ponderous bronze Daibutsus of Japan (the
others at Kamakura and Nara).

 

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New Year’s Day

KYOTO
Capital of Japan, after Nara, for more than a thou—
sand years (until 1868). It is to Japanese what Paris
is to the French, or Florence to ltalians. Fourth in
size of the Empire's cities. When the residence of the
Emperor was moved to “cho” in 1868, the latter \\ as
renamed Tok—yo (Kyoto's syllables reversed).

Kyoto is the art centre of one of the world's most
artistic peoples. Its parks, shops, temples, festivals are
dreams of quiet beauty. Many travelers acclaim it the
most important art centre outside Europe. It is two
hours‘ train ride from Kobe; an hour from Osaka; and
lies on the Yokohama-Shimonoseki railway trunk line.

 

 

  

 

 

American Expres‘s Company

 

Forty-ninth Day—Wednesday, January 2

NARA

Founded A. D. 710 as Japan’s capital; continued as
such until 784. “Japanese art, literature and history
may be said to have begun here.” 600 tame deer roam
at will. The famed Nara Park contains 1,250 acres.
More than 3,000 stone and metal lanterns scattered
throughout. Third largest bell in Japan hangs in this
Park, with a surpassing volume and tone. One of the
three gigantic bronze Buddhas and the largest (Dai-
llntsu~pronounce ”su" as the German “tz") ; the others
are at Osaka and Kamakura. One of the most vener-
ated of Shinto Shrines—Kasuga no Miya—goal of thou-
sands of pilgrims annually, stands in the Park, and
has existed for 1,210 years.

A city of beauty, antiquity and peace.

66

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Fiftieth Day—Thursday, January 3

67

 

 

 American Express Company

 

Fifty-firs! Day—Friday, January 4

ON THE INLAND SEA

 

68

 

 

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Fifty-second Day—Saturday, January 5

MIYAJIMA

One of the everywhere recurring motifs of
Japanese art for centuries has been a big red
torii standing,r knee—deep off a lovely strand at
sunrise. lts proportions are exquisite. The
original we shall see at Miyajima. At high
tide not only does the red gate stand islanded,
but the several structures of ltsuku-shima
temple appear floating on the waters.

;\li_\'aji1na is popularly elected greatest of
”the three great sights of japan,” as over Mat—
sushima and Amanohashidate.

But let us get our bearings: Miyajima, cor—
rectly speaking, is the town and railway sta—
tion on the mainland, thirteen miles west of
Hiroshima. Our ship anchors off Hiroshima.
Itsuku—shima is the five—milevlong island to
which we are ferried,—often also called Miya—
jima. A village on the island bears also the
same name.

Mt. Misen is the central height; Momiji—
dani, Valley of Maples, is the quiet nook be—
side the brook in the trees where the tea houses
are.

Quite tin—Japanese are the very special re-
strictions as to what is tabu on this revered
island.

No dogs N0 births
N0 gasoline N0 deaths
No rickshas N 0 telegraphs

6C1

 

 

 American Express Company

 

Fifty-third Day—Sunday, January 6
AT SEA

 

 

 

 

 Cruise Round the World

 

Fifty-Fourth Day—Monday, January 7

AT SEA

71

 

 

  

American Express Company

 

Fifty-fifth Day—Tuesday, January 8 d~ (I

SHANGHAI

From two Chinese words meaning ”Ap-
proaching the Sea.” Practically all the large
“ports” of China were established securely a
few miles inland up a river, while a small city
at the sea front received the shocks of pirate
(and “foreign devil”) visitations. Shanghai,
however, was not a large city until recently,
but lies 14 miles up the \Vhangpoo River from
W'oosung, where both this stream and the
3,200 mile yellow Yangtze reach the coast.
Through Soochow Creek which flows into the
VVhangpoo at Shanghai, the city communicates
with the Grand Canal—one of the world’s
wonders—a 900 mile construction from Hang‘

 

chow t0 Tientsin. These two mighty water-
ways have made Shanghai China's premier
foreign trade city.

“Mex” dollars are Shanghai’s commonest
tender, although there are many other monies.
The silver currencies of China are so compli-
cated as to require a careful study to master.

 

 

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Fifty-sixth Day—Wednesday, January 9

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Fifty-seventh Day—~Thursday, January 10

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Fifty-eighth Day—Friday, January 11
AT SEA

 

 

 

76

 

 Cruise Round the World

 

Fifty-ninth Day—Saturday, January 12

HONG KONG

Hong Kong's harbor is one of the world’s
“great three” (with Rio de Janeiro and Syd-
ney, Australia). Almost sheer above it, form-
ing the topmost point of llong Kong Island,
rises the Peak, 1,500 feet, most of the city (offi—
cially ”Victoria,” popularly never anything but
“Hong Kong”) clinging along its narrow
strand at searleyel. Kowloon is the mainland
city across the Harbor.

Formerly a part of the Chinese Empire, first
occupied in 1839 by British traders withdraw-
ing from Canton and Macao on account of
troubles attending the opium dispute. Name
most probably corrupted from Heung-Kong,
meaning “fragrant streams.” Ceded to Great
Britain in 1841. The peninsula of Kowloon
already occupied for several years as a military
sanitarium, formally ceded by treaty in 1861.
At present time the island holds 500,000 people
of all races. In 1839 it was a tiny fishing ham—
let. The point of first attempted settlement
was on the opposite side of the island—the spot
we shall see on our motor trip to Repulse Bay.

77

 

  

 

 

 

American Express Company

SIDE TRIP TO CANTON

At present the capital of ”South China Republic";
(President, Dr. Sun Yat Sen) which owns no alle-
giance to Peking. Probably 150,000 human beings live
their cycles on board sampans on the river and canals
—ne\‘er sleeping ashore. A vast rabbit—warren of a
city which must have more than a million people. The
“Shameen” is the little area on which all foreigners live,
five minutes from the docksva mile from the railway
station. “In all the world no city like this !” Hong
Kong currency passes readily in Canton.

78

 Cruise Round the World

 

Sixtieth Day—Sunday, January 13

AT HONG KONG

79

 

  

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Sixty-first Day—Alanday, January 14'

 

 

 

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 Cruise Round the World

 

Sixty-second Day—Tuesday, January 15

AT SEA

81

 

 

  

 

 

 

American Express Company

 

Sixty-third Day—Wednesday, January 16

MANILA

Magellan, with twu sliips—llaconia's last
1')re