xt7w6m332q0m https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt7w6m332q0m/data/mets.xml Peter, Robert, 1805-1894. 1888  books b97-22-37599651 English Yeoman Press, : Frankfort, Ky. : Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Geology, Economic Analysis. Mines and mineral resources Kentucky. Chemical report of the coals, soils, clays, petroleum, mineral waters, etc., etc., of Kentucky  / by Robert Peter. text Chemical report of the coals, soils, clays, petroleum, mineral waters, etc., etc., of Kentucky  / by Robert Peter. 1888 2002 true xt7w6m332q0m section xt7w6m332q0m 









GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF KENTUCKY.

           JNO. R. PROCTER, DIRECTOR.


           CHEMICAL REPORT
                    OF THE

COALS. SOILS. CLAYS, PETROLEUM,



       MINERAL WATERS ETC., ETC.,

            OF KENTUCKY.

       BY ROBERT PETER, M. D., ETC., ETC.,
              CHEMIST TO THE SURVEY,

           AssISTED BY ALFRED M. PETER. S. M.

THE SEVENTH CHE1IICAL REPORT IN THE NEW SERIES, AND THE ELEVENTH SINCE
              THE BEGINNING OF THE SURVEY

              VOL. A    PART III.



STEREOTYPED FOR THE SURVEY BY JOHN D. WOODS, PK7HLIC PRINTER, FRANKFORT, KY.

 This page in the original text is blank.

 
              INTRODUCTORY LETTER.


                           CHEMICAL LABORATORY,      I
                      KENTUCKY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY,
                        LEXINGTON, KY., April 17, 1888.)
JNO. R. PROCTER, EsQ.,
            Director of Geological Survey of Kentucky:
 DEAR SIR: I have the pleasure herewith to send you for
 publication, my report of the chemical work done in this
 Laboratory for the Geological Survey since the publication of
my last report.
         Very respectfully,
                    ROBERT-PETER, M. D., ETC.,
                  Chemist to Kentucky Geological Survey.

 This page in the original text is blank.

 

             CHEMICAL REPORT.


  Of the more than 273 analyses reported in the following
pages, 137 are of coals from 14 counties in the eastern coal field
of Kentucky; the greater number of them being from Bell,
Breathitt, Clay, Harlan, Leslie, Perry and Whitley counties;
a comparatively few samples are from Johnson, Knott, Knox,
Letcher, Laurel and Martin counties.     In the Appendix, West
Virginia is represented in the analyses of seven samples, for
comparison with Kentucky coals, together with the analyses
of many other coals received since this report was made.
  Most of these coals would come under the head of semi-
bituminous, splint, or block coal; some few are, no doubt,
entitled to the name "bituminous coal," and some of them
are cannel coals.   With them   are reported some with such
high ash percentage as to cause them to be classed with the
bituminous shales. These, however, are comparatively few in
number, and most of them could be used for fuel in their im-
mediate vicinity. Generally speaking, these coals are of very
good quality, and many of them would answer admirably for
the manufacture of coke, while some of the splint or block
coals could, probably, be used without coking for smelting
iron ores. In short, the coals of this, one of the two immense
coal fields of Kentucky, will generally compare favorably with
those of any other region in the world.
  Comparing the ash percentages of the coals of the seven
counties which furnished the greatest number of samples, we
find the following results, viz.

           No. of  Highest  Lowest   Average   Average exclusive of
COUNTIES. samples  ash per- I ash per- ash of the  highest ash per-
          analyzed. centage.  centage.  whole.      centage.

Whitley..     18     7.90     1.54    3.56 none excluded.
Bell . .      11     8.40     1.80    4.28 none excluded.
Harlan..      44    47.48     2.20    7.76 5. 12 excluding 4 highest.
Leslie..      11    16.00     4.00    8.19 7.40 excluding I highest.
Breathitt.    10    24.20     5 28    9.32 8 08 excluding I highest.
Clay. ..       9    32.00     5.80    9.79 7.00 excluding I highest.
Perry ..      13    16.80     2.56    9.88 8.48 excluding 1 highest

 
CHEMICAL REPORT.



  Of course such a comparison as this, of a limited number
of samples, might not apply to the products of the whole
of the several counties in question, as other samples from
coal beds not here represented might alter these averages
materially, and it is proper to state that those coals or bitu-
minous shales which give very large ash, should be excluded
from such calculations. Moreover, it is generally found that
cannel coals-which variety abounds in Breathitt county par-
ticularly-very generally give more ash than the softer coals.
  The 'West Virginia coals gave the following results, viz.: The
7 samples gave-highest ash, 12.76 per cent.; the lowest, 2.40
per cent; the general average of their ash, 4.94 per cent.
  In all these coals the sulphur ranges from 6.042 per cent.
in what is really bituminous shale, of Clay county; 5.436 in
this kind of shale from Harlan county, and 5.078 in cannel
coal of Bell county, down to 0.420 in Harlan county coal, and
0.418 per cent. in coal of West Virginia. Generally the per-
centage of sulphur is comparatively moderate or small in
these coals.
  The thirty-nine Cokes analyzed were principally from Bell,
Harlan and Knox counties, there being but one skanple each
from Laurel, Letcher and Whitley counties. West Virginia
furnished 8 samples.
  The 20 samples of coke from Bell county gave an average
ash percentage of 7.83, but without the highest four, which
would be excluded from this manufacture, the ash was only
6.97 per cent, the highest being 12.2 and lowest only 4.00;
which compares favorably with the best cokes in the market.
The percentage of carbon in the coke varied from 95.80 in F.
Barner's to 85.30 in Jas. Meyers'.
  The average ash of the 4 Harlan county cokes was 9.10 per
cent. But excluding the highest, 17.9, the ash average is only
6.20 per cent. The 4 Knox county cokes gave an average of
5.20 per cent of ash, including the highest, 8.40. The lowest
being only 3.20. The 8 West Virginia cokes gave a general
average of 6.47 per cent. of ash, including one at 9.10 per
cent.
  The sulphur is moderate or small in all these cokes which
do not contain too much ash, ranging from 1.975 to 0.217 per
cent.



B

 
CHEMICAL REPORT.



  Of the 51 soils, the analyses of which are herewith reported,
12 are from Ballard county; 15 from Calloway; 2 from Graves;
11 from Marshall, and 10 from McCracken; in all, 50 from the
so-called Jackson Purchase; one only is from Jefferson county.
Five other soils, from Clinton county, are reported in the Ap-
pendix.
  The Jackson Purchase soils and subsoils, with the exception
of those from the bottom lands of the Ohio, Obion and Ten-
nessee rivers and Shannon creek, and the Oak and Hickory
Flats, all contain but a small or moderate proportion of or-
ganic matters or humus. This is, probably, due to the cir-
cumstance that they, with the exceptions above noted, generally
contain quite a large quantity of sand and insoluble silicates
in proportion to their alumina. The exceptional soil, No. 2622,
from the first bottom of Tennessee river, Calloway county,
gave but 77.719 per cent. of siliceous residue; while the red
sandy soil of Sandy Ridge, No. 2565. gave 93.385 per cent.,
the general range being from about 81. to 91. per cent.
  This rather large proportion of sand, although it is very
fine sand generally, and moderate proportion of alumina,
cause these soils to be light and porous, easily worked or
drained under favorable conditions.
  Lime and phosphoric acid are small, or only moderate in
quantity, in several of them, which may render necessary the
use of calcareous and phosphatic fertilizers, but the potash
is usually in good proportions; a few exceptions only being
noticeable. This fact, as well as their light porous condition,
allowing free penetration of the atmospheric agencies, with
the absence of gravel or coarse sand, aids in making these
soils favorable to tobacco culture.
  All of the 26 clays, etc., reported, are from the Jackson Pur-
chase. Six from Ballard county; 8 from Calloway; 5 from
Graves; 1 from Hickman; 6 from Marshall, and 5 from Mc-
Cracken county; mostly from the Tertiary and Quaternary
formations. A few of the most siliceous or sandy of them
are derived from decomposing chert or hornstone of the Lower
Carboniferous siliceous group.
  Many of them are highly refractory, and would make good
fire-brick or furnace linings, or, possibly, glass pots. Some



7

 

CHEMICAL REPORT.



are white enough for fine pottery-ware. Some, composed
mainly of very fine sandy material, would answer to mix with
tough clays, or probably for glazing material or glass, or for
the manufacture of water cement. Several of these siliceous
clays have such a fine texture that they may be used as scour-
ing or polishing material.
  Some of them, containing much iron peroxide, may find their
applications as cheap paints, for terra-cotta work or cheap pot-
tery-ware.
  The 3 iron ores from Bath county belong to the Clinton
group, and present the general characteristics of the so-called
Clinton Iron Ore.
                      BALLARD COUNTY.
                        MINERAL WATERS.

NO. 2554-MINERAL      WATER, from     the Kilqore   Spring  at
  Blandville: temperature (in August) j80 F.        Slightly cha-
  lybeate. Collected by R. H. Loughridge, August 19th, 1885.
  Sample in stone-ware gallon jug.      Cork sealed.
  Evaporated to dryness, it left 0.0674 per 1000 of saline
matters, which lost 0.0030 of organic matter on ignition.
  The saline matters consisted of chlorides, carbonates and
sulphates of calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium and iron,
silica and a trace of Lithium. They are slightly alkaline in
reaction.
  The water is a good saline chalybeate.

No. 2555-MINERAL WATER, from       the McGee Spring, Bland-
  ville. Strongly chalybeate. Temperature 600 F. (in Au-
  gust). Collected by R. H. Loughridge, August, 1885.
                 COMPOSITION IN 1,000 PARTS.

Carbonate of iron.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.O..... .. .. . .. . .. ..   .  0.0244
Carbonate of lime                                           b.... ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ..   .010&
Carbonate of magnesia.... .. .. . .. .. . . . .. . . . . .  0019
Chloride of magnesium.-.........-.-...   .                .0099
Chloride of sodium... .. .. ... . .. .. . .. . ..  . . . .  00.5:3
Carbonateof soda... ... .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. . . . . . .0316
Sulpbateof potash...... .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. . .. ..    0072
Silica. .. . ... .. .. . ..  .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. ..   .0156
   Total solidmatters..... . .. ... .. . .. .. . .. . ..  0.1067



8

 
CHEMICAL REPORT.



  It contains also traces of organic matters and ammonia. It
appears to be a good alkaline saline chalybeate water.

                      BALLARD COUNTY.
                      SOILS AND SUBSOILS.
No. 2556-SOIL. Crawfishy, on west fork of Mayfield creek,
  taken to the depth of 10 inches, near the bridge on the road
  from Blandville to Mfilburn. Collected by R. H. Lough-
  ridge, 1884.
  The dried soil contained small friable clods, is of a buff-grey
color. The coarse sieve removed only a few small fragments
of stone. Its siliceous residue, after digestion in acids, all
passed through the fine sievet except 16.5 per cent. of fine
white quartz sand.

No. 2557-VIRGIN SOIL. Ohio river bottom. Taken 8 inches
  deep from Clear Lake Ridge, elevated a few feet above the
  cypress swamps, and having a growth of white oak, hickory,
  gum, prickley ash, walnut and black locust.  Undergrowth.
  of cane. Four miles west of Barlow. Geological formation:
  Quaternary brown loam table lands. Collected by R. H.
  Loughridge, 1884.
  Dried soil in small friable clods of a dark grey-brown color.
All passed through the coarse sieve. except a small quantity
of vegetable debris. Its siliceous residue, from digestion in
acids, all passed through the fine sieve, except a small quantity
of fine white sand.

No. 2558-VIRGIN SOIL. Obion bottom. South of Arlington.
  Taken to the depth of 10 inches. Collected by R. H. Lough-
  ridge, 1884.
  Dried soil in friable clods of a dark grey-brown color. All
passed through the coarse sieve except a little vegetable debris.
Its silicious residue all passed through the fine sieve.

No. 2559-VIRGIN UPLAND SOIL. Brown loam from the Bar-
  rens or tobacco lands, one mile south-east of Hazlewood-
  post-office. Taken to the depth of 10 inches. Timber: red



 With 64 meshes to the centimeter square.
t With 1600 meshes to the centimeter square.



9

 
CHEMICAL REPORT.



  and black-jack oaks. Geological formation: Quaternary
  brown loam  table lands. Collected by R. H. Loughridge,
  1884.
  Dried soil contains friable clods of a grey-brown color. All
passed through the coarse sieve except a very small quantity
of small shot-iron ore. Its siliceous residue all passed through
the fine sieve.

No. 2560-SUBSOIL of the next preceding, taken to depth of 6
  to 14 inches below the surface. Collected by R. H. Lough-
  ridge, 1884.
  Dried subsoil in friable clods of a brownish-buff color. All
passed through the coarse sieve except a few particles of shot-
iron ore. Its silicious residue all passed through the fine sieve.

No. 2561-VIRGIN SOIL. Flatwood loam soil. Bandana post-
  office. Taken to the depth of 10 inches. Timber: red, post
  and white oaks, with some hickory, gum, persimmons, syca-
  more and hazel brush. Collected by R. H. Loughridge,
  February 25th, 1884.
  Dried soil with friable clods of a light-yellowish umber oolor.
The coarse sieve separated from it some little shot-iron or,
and a few small quartz pebbles All its silicious residue passed
through the fine sieve.

NO. 25(i2-SUBSOIL of the next preceding, taken at from 10 to
  14 inches below the surface. Collected by R. H. Loughridge,
  The dried subsoil is in moderately firm clods of a yellowish.
grey color. All passed through the coarse sieve except very
few particles of shot-iron ore. Its silicious residue all passed
through the fine sieve.

No. 2563-VIRGIN SOIL.    Dark loam from   Barlow.   Taken
  to the depth of 8 inches. Timber: white oak, poplar, gum
  and sassafras. Geological formation: Quaternary brown
  loam lands. Collected by R. H. Loughridge.
  The dried soil mostly in powder with some small friable clods
of a brownish-umber colors All passed through the coarse
sieve except a little shot-iron ore. Its silicious residue all
passed through the fine sieve.



10

 

CHEMICAL REPORT.



No. 2564-SUBSOIL of the next preceding, taken from 8 to 10
  inches below the surface. Collected by R. H. Loughridge.
  The dried subsoil is in pretty firm small clods, of a dirty
yellowish color. The coarse sieve removed from it only a little
vegetable debris. All its silicious residue passed through the
fine sieve.

No 2565-RED SANDY SOIL of Sandy Ridge, 3 miles west of
  Ogden's store.  Sample taken 10 inches deep.   Timber:
  chiefly red oaks. Collected by R. H. Loughridge.
  Dried soil of a light snuff-brown color. No clods. AU
passed through the coarse sieve except a small quantity of
shot-iron ore. The fine sieve removed from it 44.65 per cent.
of fine sand in rounded grains.

No. 2566-VIRGIN DARK, BLUFF LOAM SOIL, near mouth of
  Mayfleld creek, at Steam Shovel. Taken 8 inches deep.
  Growth: poplar, white oak and hickory. Collected by R.
  H. Loughridge.
  Dried soil of a grey-brown color, containing but a few fria-
ble clods. Its silicious residue all -passed through the fine
sieve.

No. 2567-SUBSOIL of the next preceding bluff loam, taken
from 8 to 12 inches below the surface.
  The dried subsoil, of a brownish-buff color, is mostly in the
form of small friable clods. All passed through the coarse
sieve except a little vegetable debris.  Silicious residue all
passed through the fine sieve.



11

 










  lC              co


  s   t-_Do_OsCqmCPO   I  SC- c Iz c
0              .    . ,     :

        r   C;,o _q _, a  o -

  oI:oO -'orc           co =0
    to...,, ,, , Co,

             C.CD t-

 ' -qO4  m  N D v z e 0at4 co






     I        C: r         ;:q  .
         OCOCSC00000Dt0 N cot  
  0:  _QtXO3C /:  t- f  O  





  1    0 C,                ._ WM


iNt-                     co_ :- 1 -.u
    "Da 01 19 C11
 Nt N0 co_              Ce-: O  

 _  o  ao: D - 0  10   I= c v 0 x o:  
    sD  AeD  0:0 _  N NX 0  o: to
  cc,, . . . .. q.



12



"!. C..!.!.... .
14 cc eN
            m



0 :0
0. q



t-



Qj
F-4
04
d
.4
3
T-
4
E4
z
:D
0

m

--e.
04
4
114

4
x
W
:9
1--4
P4
0
A

E-4
ID
0
24

0
0



P.  



,C



I Ep.'


I00

IE 0 --

I V  )  

I W. e  



,a



W ,





11  ;'o  
110C'l  

uW0E



 o.1-

Pq -,  ils:

.5'eW CJ o
) C, :)5 =L



E-;
0:
0
9 ,
W

z
0:
be
M.
m

z



OHENICAL REPOtr.

 

CHEMICAL REPORT.



  The virgin soil, No. 2557, of the Ohio river bottom, is the
richest in essential elements of fertility of all these soils, and
ought to be very productive under good culture, provided it
is well drained. Its proportion of available potash, 0.773 per
cent., is extraordinary. It is exceeded in this particular, how-
ever, by No. 2560, which has 0.836 per cent. All of these soils
contain more than the usual average of potash, except this sub-
soil, No. 2567, which has only 0.109 per cent., which, other con-
ditions being favorable, fits them for the cultivation of tobacco,
hay or other green crops. Nos. 2559-60-1-2-4-5, are more or
less deficient in lime, and Nos. 2556-9-6-5-6-7, also contain
too little phosphoric acid, and would be benefited by top dress-
ings of lime and of commercial phosphatic fertilizers. No.
2556 is especially deficient in phosphoric acid, while it contains
the other essential elements in good or large proportions. It
would require only phosphatic manures, such as ground-bone,
superphosphate, guano, etc., to make it quite productive; pro-
vided drainage and other physical conditions are present. All
of these soils are of fine texture; none contain coarse sand or
gravel. They all have potash in more than average propor-
tions, except No. 2567, which, indeed, contains what is gen-
erally considered a fair average quantity.



                CLAYS OF BALLARD COUNTY.

No. 2568-SANDY CLAY. Tertiary. Half a mile north-west
  of Blandv'ile. Collected by Jno. R. Procter.
  Nearly white. Quite plastic. Contains no appreciable coarse
sand. Infusible before the blow-pipe. Calcines white.

No. 2569-CLAY.    Three miles east of Blandville. A nearly
  white clay. Collected by R. H. Loughridge.
  Quite plastic. Contains no coarse sand. Of very difficult
fusion before blow-pipe. Calcines white.

No. 2570-CLAY. North side of west fork of Mayfield creek.
  4 miles north-east of Milburn.  Collected by R. H. Lough-
  ridge..



13

 

CHEMICAL REPORT.



  Of a very light buff-grey color. Quite plastic. Contains no
coarse sand. Infusible before the blow-pipe. Calcines light-
grey.

No. 2571-CLAY.      Two miles north of Wickiiffe.   Collected
  by R. H. Loughridge.
  Nearly white. Contains much fine white opaque sand. Quite
plastic. Infusible before the blow-pipe. Calcines white.

No. 2372-YELLOW      OCHREOUS    CLAY.    Wickliffe, Ballard
  county. Collected by R. H. Loughridge.
  Of a handsome yellow ochre color. Washed in water it left
a very small proportion of very fine sand. Before the blow-
pipe it fuses into a blackish slag or glass. Calcines of a hand-
some red color.

No. 2573-FIRE-CLAY. Wickliffe, Ballard county. Collected
  by R. H. Loughridge.
  Of a  dark-grey    color when    dried.   Contains fine sand,
brownish, mixed with a few small specks of mica. Before-
the blow-pipe, of very difficult fusion. Calcines white.
      COMPOSITION OF THESE BALLARD COUNTY CLAYS.
                          Air Dried.
 NUMBER IN272                                          27
   REPOR IN   2568    2569     2570    2571    2572    2573

Silica. .     74.840- 71 180   76 540  63.840  44.840   73.240
Alumina. ..   16 580  20.800   14.820  26.040  22.830   15.760
Iron peroxide.  1.400   1.780    .960     .740  20.350    1.920
Lime.....       .269   trace.  trace.   trace.   .101     .325
MagneSia...     .209    .101    .331     .137    .138      519
Potash.. .     1.293    .247    .926     .714  not est.  1.467
Soda. .. ..     .283    .291     .229    .207  not est.   .147
Water, etc...  6.126   5 601   6.194    8.322  11.741    6.622
Totals . . .  100.000  100.000  100.000  100.000  100.000   100.000

Sand.not est.         not est.not est. 44.000 I not est.53.490.

  All of these Ballard county clays are quite refractory ex-
cept the ochreous clays or yellow ochre, and could be used as
fire-clay in its various applications.    They all contain consid-
erable proportions of fine sand. Some of them, having simi-
lar composition with the celebrated German glass pot clays,



14

 

CHEMICAL REPORT.



deserve a trial for this use. The ochreous clay, No. 2572,
could be used, after washing to remove sand, as a cheap pig-
ment, either in its natural condition or after calcination.

No. 2574--GREEN SAND. Bluff at Caledonia opposite to Bal-
  lard county. Tertiary. Collected by R. H. Loughridge.
  A dark-colored, nearly black, friable material. Powder of
dark greenish-grey color.

                   COMPOSITION. (Air Dried.)

Silica................................                   .940
Alumina... . . . ... . .                               13.370
Iron peroxide.............. ...... ......... 10.210
Lime.... .. . .                                          .549
Magnesia...... ................                         2.010
Potash.       .  . .. ............. 3 243
Soda....... ..... ... ..... ...                           078
-Phosphoric acid........ ...                             atrace.
Water.                                                 10.600
                                                       100.000



  This contains less potash than is usually found in Glauconite
(green sand), but it has, probably. been somewhat altered by
weathering.
                       BATH COUNTY.

                          IRON ORES.
No. 2575-IRON ORE from Carnel Rice's, property of Captain
  W. G. Allen. Clinton group of Upper Silurian formation.
  Collected by W. M. Linney, June, 1885.
  Ore of a yellowish-brown color of the usual structure of
the Clinton iron ore.

No. 2576-IRON ORE from the Purvis lands in Bath county.
  Clinton group. Collected by W. M. Linney, Jane, 1885.
  Resembles the preceding, but is reddish in color.

No. 2577-IRON ORF. Average sample from the lands of Wnm.
  Warren, near head of Rose Run, Bath county. Clinton
  Group. Collected by W. M. Linney, June 1st, 1885.
  Ore of the structure of Clinton ore, of a reddish-brown color.



1S

 

l6                    CHEMICAL   REPORT.

  COMPOSITION OF THESE BATH COUNTY CLINTON IRON ORES
                           (Air Dried.)

           Number in Report.           2575     2576     2577

Iron peroxide................ .          47.630   51.430   58.570
Alumina. . .. .. . .. . .. .. . .. . .   5.468    5.182    3.720
Lime carbonate... .. . .. .. . .. . ..   16.560   13.080   15.160
Magnesia carbonate.... .. . .. . .. ..    9.974    9.444    4.528
Phosphoric acid (P2 05).... . .. . .. ..    1.202    1.138    1.010
silica.. .. . .. . .. .. . .. .. . ..    7.160    7.800    6.960
Water, expelled at 212  F... . .. . .. .     1.143     .693    1.607
Carbonic acid, water, etc.. .. .. . .. .     10.863   11.283    8.445
   Totals.100.000 100.000                                100.000

Percentage of iron... . .. . .. .. . .    33.341   36.001   40.999



  Although the iron in the analysis is estimated as peroxide,
some of it, in all these ores, is in the form of ferrous carbon-
ate. They also contain a little organic matter not estimated.
  These ores have considerable proportions of lime and mag-
nesia, which will aid in fluxing them, and a notable quantity
-of phosphoric acid, which will not prevent their profitable use
in the production of merchantable iron.

                        BELL COUNTY.

                             COALS.

No. 2578-COAL. Browning's cannel coal. Three miles above
  Pineville, on umberTland river; 276 feet above drainage.
  Collected by R. C. B. Thruston. A 23-inch layer.
  A pure-looking cannel coal. Fracture large, irregular con-
choidal. Bird's-eye fracture in parts. Some shining pyrites,
but no fibrous coal apparent.

N(o. 2579-COAL. Mfyers' bank. Low Branch of Yellow creek.
  Collected by R. C. B. Thrnston. Sample from the 12-inch,
  16-inch and 15-inch layers of the bed.
  Generally pitch-black, breaking irregularly cuboidal with
-shining surfaces. Some fibrous coal and pyrites in some of
the pieces.

 

CHEMICAL REPORT.



No. 2580-COAL. Caney Branch of Yellow creek. Collected
by R. C. B. Thruston. Sample from the 20-inch and 8-inch
layers of the bed.
  Generally pitch-black, breaking irregularly, partly cuboidal,
with shining surfaces. No fibrous coal or pyrites apparent in
the sample.

No. 2581-COAL. James Barnett' s. Clear Fork of Yellow
creek of Cumberland river. Average sample of the coal
tested for coking. Collected by R. C. B. Thruston.
  A pure-looking sample, generally of what seems to be bitu-
minous, with some little splint-coal.

No. 2582-COAL. F. R. Barner' s. Yellow creek. Average
sample from the barrel-full tested for coking. Collected
by R. C. B. Thruston.

No. 2583--COAL.   Myers'.  Yellow  creek.  Average sample
from the barrel-fu2l tested for coking. Collected by R. C.
  B. Thruston.
No. 2584-COAL. AVf. Mc Tee's.   Yellow creek of Cumberland
river. Average sample from the coal tested for coking.
  Collected by R. C. B. Thruston.

No. 2585-COAL. Dean seam; lower 36 inches of the bed.
  Greasy creek of Cumberland river. Average sample of the
  coal collectedfor coking by R. C. B. Thruston.

No. 2586-COAL. Deants seam. Average sample collected for
  coking two years ago by R. C. B. Thruston.

NO. 2587-COAL.    W. D. King's.  Yellow creek, Cumberland
river. Average sample collected for coking by R. C. B.
  Thruston.
No. 2588-COAL. Dorton Coal Bank. half a mile above the
  mouth of Straight creek, near Pineville. Bed 32 inches
  thick. Collected by R. C. B. Thruston.
  A bright, pitch-black coal. Structure imperfectly laminated;
fracture generally cuboidal. Very little fibrous coal and no
pyrites apparent.
   OeoL. su -2.



17

 




CHIEMICAL REPORT.



        CD    0
               o,  

               n t. .



   05    Y       
   o 4 E-e:   =  
                C)=  P
  _ ,- - _   _



18





























Z.)

Pz
:Z







ri2r
0
z
0-
m.41
pa;







0
Z .



-4,
44


To
Z)

 

OHEMICAL REPORT.



Coal No. 2578 is remarkable as being a coking cannel coal.
It also contains an exceptional proportion of sulphur, viz.:
5.078 per cent.  This, however, may have been an accident
of the sampling. This coal and No. 2579 are the only ones
of the lot which give an ash percentage above a good aver-
age, viz.: 7.00 and 8.40 per cent. severally. All the other
coals leave only a moderate or small proportion of ash; No.
2588 giving only 1.80 per cent.
They are all good coals, most of them very good coking
coals, as is shown in the results quoted further on.

                  BELL COUNTY COKES.

No. 2589-COKE. Forty-two-hours coke, made at Birmingham,
Ala., by G. D. Fitzhugh, Esq., from coal taken front the
bank of Mr Frederick Barner, on Yellow creek, Bell county,
Ky. (see No. 2582), December, 1885.

No. 2590-COKE (No. 3a). F. R. Barner's, Yellow creek, Bell
county Ky.   Forty-two-hours coke, made at Quinn imont,
  West Virginia, March 22-25, 1886. R. C. B. Thrusion.

No. 2591--COKE (No. 3). F. R. Barner' s, Yellow creek, Bell
county. Seventy two-hours coke, made at Quinniinont, West
  Virginia. R. C. B. Thruston.

No. 2592-COKE. Porty-two-hours coke, made at Birming-
ham, Alabama, by G. H. Fitzhuqgh, from coal taken from
bank of Jame.s Barnett, on Clear creek, fork qf Yellow creek,
Bell county, Ky., December, 1885.  R. C. B. Thruston. (See
No. 2581 for the coal.)

No. 2593-COKE (No. 6). James Barnett's, Clear FPork of Yel-
low creek, Bell county, Ky. -Forty-eight-hours coke, made
at Quinnimont, West Virginia. R. C. B. Thruston.

No. 2594-COKE (No. 6). James Barnett's, Clear Fork of Yel-
  low creek, Bell county, Ky.  Seventy-two-hours coke. matde
  at Quinnimnto, West Viginia, March 20-23, 1886. R. C.
  B. Thruston.



19

 

20                 CHEMICAL REPORT.

No. 2595-COKE (No. 6). James Barnett's,. of Clear Fork of
  Yellow  creek, Bell county, Ky.  Forty eight-hours coke,
  made at Quinnimont, lWest Virginia. R. C. B. Thruston.

No. 2596-CoKE.   Forty-two-hours coke, made at Birming-
  ham, Alabama, by G. D. Fitzhugh, from coal takenfrom the
  bank of James M. 3lyers, on Yellow creek, Bell county, Ky.,
  December, 1885. R. C. B. Thriiston.

No. 2597-COKE (No. 4). James Myers, Yellow creek, Bell
county, Ky. Seventy-two-hours coke, made at Quinnimont.
West Virginia, March 20-23, 1886. R. C. B. Thruston.

No. 2598-COKE (No. 4a).    James Myers, Y ellow creek, Bell
county, Ky. Forty-dight-hours coke, made at Quinnimont,
  Wlest Virginia, M Lrch 20-23, 1886. R. C. B, Thruston.

 



CHEMICAL REPORT.



0
C4



   0 CI
I -0  



!. 0



0    520           b1gc

           000  COO0





    q N o co =  
  ce   ..         -
  0  0
eq                   by)


      CD 0C I   .I




           00  I    0
   C4'



0
10
Nq



11.l     .
- - =
C -  



IC
I" 0 c



C)
OC)
v



aaI

C).-
C     I
jq  


I0  



   .         0






0q  
0    eq   8
   0    10 8                 - ,M3  

10     0cxl       iM Oj
eq    cuK        __o3_      __


   0    .js.  



S.-  =  .  .
S0   -P0

     0  

2  
az   4  



4
0
H



.  0
5S   .

0.0
0 o
C).0
b8  -
0 _
U   0
0 0



blJ
0
._i
0



0
8



0
CSv


.0


0
0



21



z


-

0
.)





Z-4
:D 



0


A 0
io 1

E-4
oT
0
Z,



lll



I



l



I



I



I





I



I
I



I

I
I

 

CHEMICAL REPORT.



             BELL COUNTY COKES-Continued.
No. 2599-COKE.   Forty-two-hours coke, made at Birmitng-
  ham, Alabama, by G. D. Fitzhugh, from coal taken from
  the bank of Daniel Howard, on Left-hand Fork of Straight
  creek, Bell county, Ky., December, 1885. R. C. B. Thrus-
  ton.
No. 2600-COKE. Forty-two-houirs coke, made at Birmingham,
  Alabama, by G. D. Fitzhugh, from coal obtained from bank
  of Mr. Alf. McTee, on Yellow creek, Bell county, Ky., De-
  cember. 1885. (The sample of coal from which this coke
  was made had some earthy matter mechanically mixed.)
No. 2601-COKE (No. 5). McTee, Bell county, Ky. (The
  smaller sam 1)le.)
No. 2602-COKF (No. 5).   Alf. ,VcTee, Yellow creek, Bell
  county, Ky. Seventy-two-hours coke, made at Quinnimont,
  West Virginia, March 20-23, 1886. R. C. B. Thruston.
No. 2603-COKE.   Forty-two-hours coke, made at Birming-
  ham, Alabama, by G. D. Fitzhugh, from coal taken from
  bank of W. D. King, near Yellow creek, Bell county, Ky.,
  December, 1885. R. C. B. Thruston.
No. 2604-COKE (No. 7). TV. D. King, Yellow creek, Bell
  County, Ky. Forty-eight-hours coke, made at Quinnimont,
  West Virginia, March 22-24, 1886. R. C. B. Thruston.
No. 2605-COKE (No. 7).   W. D. King, Yellow creek, Bell
county, Ky. Seventy-two-hours coke, made at Quinnimont,
  West Virginia, March 20-23, 1886. R. C. B. Thruston.
No. 2606-COKEi.  Forty-two  owurs, made at Birmingham,
Alabama, by G. D. Fitzhugh, from coal taken from bank
of Moses Dorton, at mouth of Straight creek, near Pine-
ville, Bell county, Ky., December, 1885. R. C. B. Thruston.
No. 2607-COKE (No. 16). Senenty-two-hours coke; upper
bench of Dean seam, made at Quinnimont, West Virginia,
March 20-23, 1886. Bell and Knox counties, Ky. R. C. B.
Thruston.
No. 2608-COKE (No. 13). Of lower bench of Dean bank,
S/ill-house Branch of Greasy creek, Bell county, Ky.
Seventy-two hours coke, made at Quinnimont, West Vir-
ginia, March 20-23, 1886. R. C. B. Thruston.
  x Fhfse numbers in parentheses were attached to the samples by Mr. Thruston.



.22

 



CHEMICAL REPORT.



co0



000
o: t- ."
0C N to
  CL



cq7 40



CIO  W t-


   _c _

co    -






0  bz
     =  -




  o en



       000     0 D     r-   c

to     es               I- I

_ _ _         1 -               I_ _



W4v0    8  





cq o o0
40 F4 00  


S C4   8o


       1



0t 8 'o
  C li



o - ,  





C,-
--.  t



._ 3
_; ,z u)



cm. 2 7 t
W4 -,  
3C)
  -ro
  D0



    _    o    !    8 1  - tn =
    00 0 '1  0 I   ,0.
 0   I             I  o
c i        !o            LI)
       I                ..



_; m CO

C- c! co

000
C4   e
0 r to
  3C,



. .
-C


_-       ,

l CD  
A-0
W
Q       I

 , '
XO F3 -!.



      -0






 0  -
0  
   I-