xt7xd21rh884 https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt7xd21rh884/data/mets.xml   Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station. 1946 journals 050 English Lexington. Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station Regulatory series, bulletin. n.50 text Regulatory series, bulletin. n.50 1946 2014 true xt7xd21rh884 section xt7xd21rh884 Regulatory Bulletin 50 July, 1946
SOIIIC Items cf IIlt€1”€SC tc
Kentucky N urserymen
For the Year Ended June 30, 194.6
" BY W. A. Pmcxc AND
Howlmn G. TILSON
 
Z5   5 »-.» A ~ ··.· mw  .
  4.:2;;:,   · V
Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station
University of Kentucky
Lexington

 CONTENTS
Kentucky Revised Statutes-—Sections 249.010 to 249.990 ........................ 3
Summary of Requirements of Kentucky Nursery Inspection Law ...... 5
Nursery Stock Defined ...............................,...................................................... 6
Requirements for Shipment of Nursery Stock into Other States .......... 7 I
Officers in Charge of Inspection and Quarantine Service .....,.....,.......,.. 8
Outlook for Future Pest Problems ................................................................ 10
Japanese Beetle ........................................................,.,.....,......................... 10
White Pine Blister Rust .........................................,...._.,.i._._,_,,.________________ 11 A
Dutch Elm Disease ....................................................,..................,.....,___,__ 11 `
White Fringed Beetle .......................................,.........,,.._...,.._,__,,,,____________ 13
Kentucky Nurserymen Who Received Certificates of
Inspection, 1945-46 ...,........,._....,,....__,,,.______,____________________________________________ 13
Nursery Dealers ..............,..A...............i.....,.......,,_,_.______,,_________________________ _ ___________ 15
Nonresident Nurseries ......................,_,_.._,__,_,________________________________________ _ __________ 17
Nursery Agents Representing Nonresident Nurseries ____________________________ 19
Summary of Nursery Inspection ____,______________________,________________________ _ _______________ 19

 Some Items Of Interest To Kentucky Nurserymen,
For The Year Ended June 30, 1946 .
~ BY W. A. Parcm AND I-Iowaan G. T1LsoN ~
The Nursery law, governing the inspection and transportation of
nursery stock in Kentucky was enacted in 1926, and published as
Chapter 8, Kentucky Acts of 1926. Witli the revision of the General
Statutes of 1940 and with an amendment in 1946, the nursery law has
been changed in a few details. The law as it now appears upon the
statute books is here reproduced.
KENTUCKY REVISED STATUTES, SECTIONS 249.010 ;
TO 249.990
I _ ‘ 249.010 DEFINITIONS. As used in this chapter, unless the context l
requires otherwise:
(1) "Commissioner" means the Commissioner of Agriculture, Labor
l and Statistics.
(2) "Department" means the Department of Agriculture, Labor
and Statistics.
(3) "Director" means the Director of the Agricultural Experiment
Station.
. 4 249.020 (l925a—l; 1925a-10) STATE ENTOMOLOGIST; AS-
SISTANTS. (1) The entomologist and botanist of the Agricultural
Experiment Station shall be the State Entomologist,
(2) The State Entomologist shall serve without pay other than his
salary as an officer of the Agricultural Experiment Station. He shall
be paid his traveling expenses.
(3) The State Entomologist shall appoint a deputy entomologist
and assistants.
249.030 (l925a—1; 1925a-10) ENTOMOLOGIST MAY MAKE RULES .
AND PUBLISH DATA. (1) The State Entomologist, with the advice
and consent of the director and the commissioner, may prescribe, modify
and enforce rules, regulations and orders needed to carry out KRS
249.020 to 249.100.
(2) The State Entomologist may publish bulletins, circulars and
reports containing information concerning inspections, insects and plant
diseases.
(3) The rules and regulations and publications shall be printed
from time to time and furnished to interested persons.
249.040 (1925a-1) ESTABLISHMENT OF QUARANTINES. The
State Entomologist shall, with the advice and consent of the director and
the commissioner, establish and maintain quarantines against the im-
portation into this state, and against the transportation within this state,
of any trees, plants and parts of plants, whether nursery—grown or not,
‘ from any state or from any county within the state, where such plants
or parts of plants are known to be affected with dangerous insect pests

 4 REGULATORY BULLETIN No. 50 ·
or plant diseases. He shall designate in announcements of quarantines
the area quarantined, whether it constitutes a part of this state or of
some other state.
249.050 (l925a—2) INSPECTION OF ARTICLES AND PREMISES;
DISEASED PLANTS TO BE DESTROYED. Whenever the State
Entomologist or his deputy has reason to believe or is credibly informed
that at any place within the state there has been introduced, or offered
for sale, trees, plants or parts of plants infected or infested with diseases
or destructive pests that are likely to spread, he shall investigate the ‘
suspected articles and premises. If they are found so infested or in-
fected, he shall notify the owner or possessor, in writing, of the nature
of the infestation, specifying the insects or diseases that have been found,
and demand that within a reasonable specified time the affected articles
or premises be disinfected, or destroyed by fire, under the direction of
the State Entomologist, his deputy or assistant, and at the expense of
the owner or possessor. _.
249.060 (1925a-8) NURSERIES, DEALERS AND AGENTS TO BE
LICENSED. (1) Every resident nursery or agency selling nursery I
stock in this state shall annually file credentials with the State Ento-
mologist. If these credentials are satisfactory to the State Entomologist,
the director and the commissioner, the State Entomologist shall, upon
payment of a fee of five dollars by the nursery or agency, issue it a
license authorizing it to do business in the state.
(2) Every nonresident nursery and every agent, dealer or seller of
trees, representing nonresident nurseries or dealers shall annually file ·
credentials with the State Entomologist. These credentials shall include A
the names of nurseries, nurserymen or other persons represented. If
these credentials are satisfactory to the State Entomologist, the director
and the commissioner, the State Entomologist shall issue the license.*
(3) Any person soliciting orders for or delivering trees or plants
in this state shall carry with him a copy of his license from this state,
which he shall show to prospective buyers, purchasers, county officials
or agents of the State Entomologist, on demand.
249.070 (1925a-3; 1925a-4) ENTOMOLOGIST TO INSPECT NURS-
ERIES AND ORDER DESTRUCTION OF PESTS; SHIPMENT OF AF-
FECTED STOCK PROHIBITED. (1) All nurseries where trees, vines,
plants or other nursery stock are grown and offered for sale, shall be
inspected by the State Entomologist or by his assistant, once each year.
He shall notify the owners of such nurseries, in writing, of the presence
of any San Jose scale or other dangerous pests on the stock of these
nurseries, and shall also notify, in writing, the owner of any affected
nursery stock to take such measures, on or before a certain day, for the
destruction of insect or fungus enemies of nursery stock as have been
shown to be effectual.
(2) The owner of the affected nursery shall, within the time spec-
ified, take such steps for the destruction of injurious insect or fungus
enemies present, as will exterminate them.
(3) No person shall ship or deliver any such nursery stock affected
with insect or fungus enemies, before treatment.
249.080 (1925a-5) ENTOMOLOGIST TO ISSUE CERTIFICATE FOR
STOCK FREE FROM INSECTS AND FUNGUS. When the State Ento-
mologist examines any trees, vines, plants or other nursery stock and
finds the stock free from dangerously injurious insect and fungus
enemies, he shall make out and deliver to the owner of the stock a cer-
’Note: Only resident nurscrymen and dealers are required to pay the five
dollar license fee.

 ITEMS or INTEREST TO KENTUCKY NURSERYMEN 5
tificate stating that he has inspected the stock and that he believes it
to be free from dangerously injurious insect and fungus enemies. I·Ie
shall keep in his office, for the information of anyone interested, copies
of all valid certificates issued by him. ‘
249.090 (1925a-6) SHIPMENTS TO BE ACCOMPANIED BY IN-
SPECTION CERTIFICATES. Whenever a resident nurseryman or
seller of trees, vines, plants or other nursery stock ships or delivers
such goods, he shall send on each package so shipped or delivered a
printed copy of the certificate issued to him by the State Entomologist,
stating that the stock has been inspected as required by law and is be-
lieved to be free from dangerously injurious insect or fungus enemies.
249.100 (1925a-7) NONRESIDENTS TO FILE, AND IMPORTED
PLANTS TO BEAR, INSPECTION CERTIFICATES. Every nonresident
nurseryman or other person intending to ship into this state trees, plants
or parts of plants, whether nursery-grown or not, shall file with _the
State Entomologist a copy of a valid certificate from a state or United
States Government inspector showing that the trees, plants or their
parts have been inspected and that he is authorized to sell and ship or ;
transport them. Al packages of trees, plants or parts of plants shall
bear a copy of a certificate of inspection from an official inspector.
. Transportation companies within the state shall notify the State Ento-
mologist at once when any such trees or plants are received by them _
without a valid certificate. Nursery stock or other trees, plants or parts
of plants shipped into this state in violation of a state or United States
quarantine may be seized and destroyed or returned to the shipper at
the expense of the owner or possessor.
249.200 (42g—1;42g-2) JAPANESE BEETLE CONTROL. The State
Entomologist shall adopt and carry out such measures as he deems ad-
visable to protect crops from the ravages of the Japanese beetle (Popil-
V lia japonica). He may employ help, purchase materials and enforce
V such regulations as in his discretion are necessary to accomplish the
purpose.
249.990 (42f-4; 200; 1923; 1925a—4; 1925a-9) PENALTIES. (1) Any
person who violates any of the provisions of KRS 249.020 to 249.100 or
h1nd_ers the carrying out of any of the provisions of those sections shall
be fined not less than twenty-five dollars nor more than five hundred
dollars.
(2) Any fine imposed for a violation of subsection (3) of KRS _
249.070 may be recovered in the county in which the nursery is situated
or the county to which the nursery stock is shipped.
SUMMARY OF REQUIREMENTS OF KENTUCKY NURSERY
INSPECTION LAYV
(1) It shall be unlawful to sell or offer for sale uninspected or
uncertified nursery stock. A certificate of inspection indicates free-
dom from certain injurious insects and plant diseases but does not
vouch for trueness to variety nor for grade and condition of any
l nursery stock.
(2) Growers of nursery stock for sale or shipment shall apply
in writing before June 1 of each year to the State Entomologist,

 6 REGULATORY BULLr.·r1N No. 50 .
Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station, Lexington, for inspec— ·
tion services.
(3) Every dealer in nursery stock shall secure a nursery
dealer’s permit. Before this is issued, however, he must furnish an
affidavit that he will buy and sell only stock that is certified and will
maintain with the State Entomologist a correct and complete list of
all sources from which he obtains his stock. Landscape architects and
tree movers who handle nursery stock are classified as dealers. .
(4) Every person who solicits orders for nursery stock shall
secure and carry an agent’s permit which is obtained only upon re-
quest of the nurseryman or dealer to be represented.
(5) All packages or bundles of nursery stock shipped by com-
mon carrier must have attached a copy of the inspection certificate or
permit.
(6) Certificates and permits may be revoked for cause.
(7) Fees shall be paid as follows; Inspection certificate, $5;
¤.lealer’s permit, $5; agents’ permits and nonresident nurserymen’s
certificates are without cost. Fees shall accompany applications. Ap- `
plication blanks may be obtained from the State Entomologist.
A (8) Nonresident nurserymen shall file copies of their state cer-
tificates and secure nonresident permits. Each package of nursery
stock coming into Kentucky shall have a valid inspection certificate .
attached to it. Nonresident nurserymen, dealers, and agents shall carry
their Kentucky permits when soliciting orders or delivering nursery
stock in Kentucky.
(9) All certificates and permits automatically expire June 30
following date of issuance. ‘
"NURsnRY STooK" Dnrmno `
Nursery stock includes all trees, shrubs, vines; roses; straw-
berry, raspberry, and blackberry plants; herbaceous perennial plants
and roots; ornamental bulbs, corms, tubers, and rhizomes; and any
parts of the above groups of plants capable of disseminating injurious
insects and plant diseases. For regulatory purposes the term
"Nursery Stock" includes all plants which grow out-of-doors and
live more than one year, whether nursery grown or native.

 ITEMS or INTEREST TO KENTUCKY NURSERYMEN 7
REQUIREMENTS FOR SHIPMENT OF NURSERY
STOCK INTO OTHER STATES
A summary of the major requirements for shipping nursery .
stock into other states is given in the following tabulation. It will be
REQUIREMENTS FOR SHIPPING NURSERY Srocx INT0 OTHER STATES
 
State of
S t Orgin Nurseryman’s Agent’s Special Posted
te 8 Certificate filing fee fee tag bonds
filed
 
Alabama ................ Yes Reciprocal $1 No None
Arizona .......,,......... No None None . No None
Arkansas ....,,.......... Yes Reciprocal $1 Yes Reciprocal
California .,..,......... No None None No None
Colorado ................ Yes None None No None
Connecticut .,..,..... No None None No None z
Delaware ..,........... Yes None None No None
Florida .................... Yes None None Yes None
Georgia .........,........ Yes Reciprocal $1 Yes 21000*
. Idaho ...................... Yes $5 to $15 $1 No 1000*
Illinois ..,...l............. Yes None None No None
Indiana . ,........,.. . .... Yes None $1 No None
Iowa ................,....... Yes Reciprocal lione No None
Kansas ...........,...l.... Yes Reciprocal None No None
Kentucky .............. Yes None None No None
Louisiana .............. No None None No None
Maine .......,...l.......,., Yes None None No None
Maryland .,...,........ Yes Reciprocal None No None
Massachusetts ...... Yes None None No None
Michigan _,,,.__.,_.l,,., Yes $15 or reciprocal: $1 No None
. Minnesota l............. Yes Reciprocal Reciprocal No None
` Mississippi ............ Yes Reciprocal None No None
Missouri ..,.........,... Yes $1“ None No None
Montana ................ Yes $5 to $25 $25 No None
` Nebraska ..,....l...... Yes Reciprocal $1 No None
Nevada ............,,,..... No None None No None
New Hampshire .. No None None No None
New Jersey ,,..   Yes Reciprocal None No None
New Mexico ........ Yes $10 $25 Yes None
New York ...,..,..... No None None No None .
North Carolina .... Yes Reciprocal None No $1000*
North Dakota .... Yes Reciprocal None No None ‘
Ohio .....l,................. Yes Reciprocal $1 No None
Oklahoma .............. Yes Reciprocal $1 No N0¤€
Oregon .............l...... No None $1 No None
Pennsylvania ...... Yes None None No None
Rhode Island ..,... Yes None None No None
South Carolina .... Yes None None No None
South Dakota .... Yes Reciprocal $1 No None
Tennessee .............. Yes Reciprocal Reciprocal No $5000*
Texas ......,,......i....... Yes Reciprocal None No None
Utah ......._,....i....,,.... Yes $10* None No None
Vermont ..... , .......... No None None No None
Virginia .......,.......... No Reciprocal Reciprocal No None
Washington ...i........ No Reciprocal $1 No None
West Virginia i... Yes None $1 No None
ll/isconsin ..i........... Yes None None No None
Wyoming .............. Yes Reciprocal None No None
V  
*Only for fruit-stock shippers. *For nurserymen who operate through agents.
“Only to sweetpotato-plant shippers. ‘F0r nurserymen who promise maintenance.

 8 REGULATORY BULLETIN No. 50
noted that most states require the out-of-state shipper to file a copy of
his nursery inspection certificate with the proper administrative
authority before shipments are made. Only three, states require filing
fees, except under special conditions, which are noted in a table which
follows.
Special shipping tags are required and will be furnished at a
nominal cost to the shippers by the following states; Arkansas ($2 per _
100 tags) ; Florida ($3.24 per 100 tags) ; Georgia ($1 per 100 tags) ;
and New Mexico ($1.25 per 100 tags).
A special tag should be secured and attached to each bundle of
nursery stock shipped to any of the four states listed.
OFFICERS IN CHARGE OF INSPECTION AND
QUARANTINE SERVICE
Alabama .................. B. P. Livingston, Chief, Division of Plant Industry,
P. O. Box 220, Montgomery, A.la.
Arizona .................... J. L. E. Lauderdale, State Entomologist, Box 2006,
Phoenix, Ariz.
Arkansas .................. P. H. Millar, Chief Inspector, Little Rock, Ark.
California ................ H. M. Armitage, Chief, Bureau of Plant Quarantine, .
Sacramento, Calif.
Colorado .................. F. Herbert Gates, State Entomologist, Bureau of
Plant and Insect Control, State Museum, Denver,
Colo.
Connecticut .............. R. B. Friend, State Entomologist, New Haven 4, Conn.
Delaware .................. Ed A. Andrews, State Board of Agriculture,
Dover, Del.
Florida ...................... Arthur C. Brown, State Plant Board, Gainesville, Fla.
Georgia .................... C. H. Alden, Director of Entomology, Atlanta, Ga. ,
Idaho ........................ Wilson Kellogg, Director, Bureau of Plant Industry,
Boise, Idaho.
Illinois ,_.................... H. F. Seifert, Horticultural Inspection Supervisor,
Division of Plant Industry, Glen Ellyn, Ill.
Indiana ...................... Frank N. Wallace, State Entomologist, Department
of Conservation, Indianapolis, Ind.
Iowa .......................... Carl J. Drake, State Entomologist, Ames, Iowa.
Kansas ...................... Geo; W. Kinkead, Secretary, Entomological Com—
mission, Topeka, Kans.
Kentucky ................ W. A. Price, State Entomologist, Lexington, Ky.
Louisiana ..................   Anderson, State Entomologist, Baton Rouge,
a.
Maine ........................ Stanley L. Painter, State Horticulturist, Augusta, Me.
Maryland .............._.__ E. N. Cory, State Entomologist, College Park, Md.
Massachusetts _.._____ Louis J. Breins, Director, Division of Plant Pest
Control and Fairs, State House, Boston, Mass.
Michigan .................. C. A. Boyer, Chief Bureau Plant Industry, Depart-
ment of Agriculture, Lansing, Mich.
Minnesota ................ T. L. Aamodt, Director Bureau Plant Industry, Uni-
versity Farm, St. Paul, Minn.
Mississippi ................ Clay Lyle, Entomologist. State College, Miss,
Missouri .................... Lllcoyd E. Adams, State Entomologist, Jefferson City,
o.

 ITEMS or INTEREST TO KENTUCKY NAURSERYMEN 9
Montana ____________________ George L, Knight, Chief, Division of Horticulture,
Missoula, Mont. _
Nebraska .................. L. M. Gates, Entomologist, State Department of Agri-
culture and Inspection, Lincoln, Neb.
Nevada ______________________ George G, Sehweis, Director, Division of Plant In· ·
dustry, Box 1027, Reno, Nev.
New Hampshire .... W. C. O’Kane, Deputy Commissioner of Agriculture,
Durham, N. H.
New Jersey ............ Harry B. Weiss, Chief, Bureau of Plant Industry,
State Departmentaof Agriculture, Trenton, N. J.
New Mexico _____,______ R. F. Crawford, Plant Quarantine and Regulatory
. Office, State College, N. M.
New York ____________,... A. B. Buchholz, Director, Bureau of Plant Industry,
Department of Agriculture and Markets, Albany,
. N. Y.
North Carolina ...... C. H. Brannon, Entomologist, State Department of
Agriculture, Raleigh, N. C.
North Dakota ........__ J. A. Munro, State Entomologist, Agricultural Col-
lege, Fargo, N. D.
Qhjg __________________________ Chas. A. Reese, Chief, Division of Plant Industry, ;
Department of Agriculture, Columbus, Ohio.
Oklahoma .........._.____ Clyde A. Bower, Chief, Division of Entomology and
, Plant Industry, Oklahoma City, Okla.
Oregon ....,.........,____,_ _ Frank McKennon, Chief, Division of Plant Industry,
Department of Agriculture, Salem, Ore.
Pennsylvania __________ T. L. Guyton, Director, Bureau of Plant Industry,
Harrisburg, Pa.
Rhode Island __________ Cedric C. Jennings, Administrator, Division of
Entomology and Plant Industry, State House,
Providence, R. I.
South Carolina ______ South Carolina State Crop Pest Commission, Clem-
son College, S. C.
, South Dakota __________ Director, Division of Plant Industry, Department of
Agriculture, Pierre, S. D.
Tennessee ________________ G. M. Bentley, State Entomologist and Plant Path-
ologist, Knoxville 16, Tenn.
Texas ______________________ __ Walter T. McKay, Chief Entomologist, Department
of Agriculture, Austin, Texas.
Utah _____________________ _ ____ B laine C. Taylor, State Entomologist, State Board
of Agriculture, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Vermont .................. M. B. C/_ummings, State Nursery Inspector, Burling-
ton, t. -
Virginia ________________,_.. G. T. French, State Entomologist, Richmond 19, Va.
Washington ,,_._.,...,, Wm. H. Shaw, Supervisor of Horticulture, Olympia,
Washington.
West Virginia ____.,.. F. Waldo Craig, Entomologist, State Department of
Agriculture, Charleston, W. Va.
Wisconsin ................ E. L. Chambers, State Entomologist, Madison, Wis.
Wyoming .................. B. Thomas Snipes, State Entomologist, State Depart-
ment of Agriculture, Powell, Wyo.
Federal Quaran-
tines and Dis-
trict of
Columbia .._......... Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine, U. S.
Department of Agriculture, Washington, 25, D. C.
Dominion of
A Canada ______.,_____,_, W. N. Keenan, Secretary, Destructive Insect and Pest
Act Advisory Board, Department of Agriculture,
Ottawa, Canada.

 10 REGULATORY BULLETIN N0. 50 n
OUTLOOK FOR FUTURE PEST PROBLEMS
During and since the recent war years there has been rapid
development in means of transportation. As a result there are likely
to be increased introductions and spread of insects and plant diseases.
This is especially significant in view of the fact that air—borne ship-
ments of flowers and fresh fruits from foreign countries are now be-
ing made. .
Pests introduced from foreign countries have proved to be our `
most destructive ones. Great care should be taken, therefore, to re-
duce to the minimum the risks of establishing new insects and diseases l
in this country. The nurseryman can contribute much to this pro-
gram by dealing with reputable foreign producers who merchandise
only clean stock; by examining the stock carefully upon its arrival;
by reporting any suspicious troubles to the proper authorities; and
by adopting vigorous suppr·essive measures if and when foreign pests
are discovered on the premises.
A knowledge of foreign plant pests in their native habitat is
not adaquate to predict with any degree of certainty their behavior
pattern if they were liberated in the United States. In our effort, as 4
a nation, to adjust relations with other nations we cannot afford to
° lose sight of the potential dangers of plant pests offoreign origin.
Federal and State plant quarantines and regulations are con-
stantly undergoing change and revision. As the damage from each
plant pest increases or diminishes and as the efficiency of each new
insecticide or chemical treatment is demonstrated, plant regulatory
measures must be revised to meet the changed conditions. Nursery-
men have interested themselves in State and Federal regulatory
measures and have taken an active part in helping to adjust these
regulations so as to get maximum protection with a minimum of re-
striction to interstate commerce.
Other groups of producers of agricultural commodities would do
well to consider the example of informed cooperation with regulatory
officials, apparent in the nursery industry.
Jixrnmssn BEETLE
During the summer of 1945, Japanese beetle traps were operated
in cooperation with the Federal Government in 60 towns and villages
in Kentucky, ranging from Jenkins on the Northeast to Mayfield on
the Southwest. No beetles were found or captured in Kentucky dur-

 ITEMS OF INTEREST TO KENTUCKY NURSERYMEN 11
ing that intensive trapping campaign. Plans are now under way for
a continuation of the beetle trapping program during the summer of
1946. It is hoped that the trapping results will again be negative.
lf, however, the beetle has become established in some locality in the `
state that fact should be known as soon as possible in order that re-
pressive measures may be taken before the infestation becomes too
widespread for effective and feasible treatment.
Wmrn PINE Bmsrsa Rusr
After a lapse of several years, a systematic survey of the white
pine areas in Kentucky was resumed in 1945. This was a cooperative
project by the Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine, the
United States Forest Service (Cumberland National Forest), and the
Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station. 1
The principal native white pine stands in Kentucky, comprising
" about 80,000 acres, are in Wolfe and adjoining counties, where the
number of stems per acre is sufficient to make it economically im-
portant. So far, no blister rust has been found in Kentucky. In-
fections have been found in a number of adjoining states, however,
and the work will be continued in 1946 to determine whether the
disease has spread into Kentucky.
. V i The program of White Pine Blister Rust control includes the task
of eliminating Ribes (currant and gooseberry plants), both native
and cultivated, from within the stands of white pine and from the
immediate environs. The species of Ribes act as alternate host to the
fungus which causes blister rust on white pine. To date a total of
4,762 Ribes have been destroyed within the control area in Kentucky.
DUTCH ELM Dismsis
Dutch Elm Disease has become established in Kentucky. For
several years there has existed a center of infection of this disease in
southern Ohio across the Ohio river from Campbell county, Kentucky.
Because of the rugged type of country where numerous native elms
A of all sizes are growing, it is questionable whether, under the condi-
tions, control measures should be attempted. The area surrounding
the center of infection in Ohio has been periodically scouted to de-
termine the spread of the disease. During the summer and early
· - fall of 1945 two elms in Campbell county, Kentucky, were diagnosed
as being infected with Dutch Elm Disease. Since these original in-

 12 REGULATORY BULLETIN No. 50
feetions were found, a much wider area has been seouted in an effort ‘
to determine how far the disease had spread into Kentucky. A few
additional infected elms have been found in close proximity to the
Ohio river in Campbell, Bracken, Kenton, and Pendleton counties.
The possibility of working out a practical control program for
Dutch Elm Disease in Kentucky is not encouraging, '1‘here are two
major natural difficulties; first, the area in which the infection oc-
curs is hilly land covered primarily by native forest including a large ·
percentage of elms; second, Phloem necrosis occurs widesprea.d over
the same area as that now being invaded by Dutch Elm Disease.
The elm bark beetle (Scolytus multistrictus), appears to be the
principal car1·ier of Dutch Elm Disease. The beetles feed and
multiply on dead or dying elm wood. From these two facts it can
be readily understood why the control of Dutch Elm Disease would
be a difficult task in areas where Phloem necrosis is prevalent. The .
existence of elms dying from other causes than Dutch Elm Disease
also complicates tl1e p1·oblem.
The Appropriation Act for tl1e United States Department of _
Agriculture for the fiscal year 1944 provided that no part of the ap-
propriation was to be used for the removal of trees affected with
Dutch Elm Disease from any property other than that owned by the
Federal Government. This necessitated a change in the nature of the
program of Dutch Elm Disease control by the Bureau of Entomology
and Plant Quarantine. The revised program, according to a report
cf the Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine, has four main
objectives: (1) scouting to determine the presence or absence of tl1e
disease; (2) tl1e operation of a Dutch Elm Disease laboratory for the
culture of specimens taken from suspected trees; (3) the enforce-
ment of tl1e domestic plant quarantine on account of Dutch Elm
Disease; (4) tl1e operation of experimental or demonstration plots
to determine the practicability of living with Dutch Elm Disease
and of saving valuable elms despite the presence of the disease in a
given community or region.
The Bureau of Entomology and Plant Qua.rantine is now con-
sidering the advisability of revoking the Federal Quarantine con—
eerning Dutch Elm Disease. No practical enforcement policy has
been devised for Dutch Elm Disease Quarantine that could be con-
sidered consistent and effective when applied to both Dutch Elm

 ITEMS or INTEREST T0 KENTUCKY NURSERYMEN 13
Disease and Phloem Necrosis. It is not known how Phloem Necrosis
is Spread nor how to distinguish the two diseases in the early stages;
consequently the only practical quarantine action would be outright
embargo. In the event that the Bureau of Entomology and Plant -
Quara.ntine revokes the Federal Dutch Elm Disease Quarantine the
task will fall upon the states to give themselves as much protection as
possible through state quarantine action. The operation of foreign
plant quarantine (No. 70) directed against Dutch Elm Disease from
foreign countries will not be affected by any changes in the Federal
Domestic Quarantine.
WIrIlTE FRINGED BEETLE
The recent discovery of \Vhite Fringed Beetles in Dodge and
Peach counties in Georgia demonstrates the ability of the insects to 3
spread in the face of Federal and State Quarantine measures. Te11
_ years have elapsed since the first beetles were found in Florida and
fou1· years since the first reports of an established infestation. in
North Carolina.
The recently found infestation in Georgia makes a total of six
states with established infestations. These are Alabama, Florida,
Georgia., Louisiana, Mississippi and North Carolina.
` KENTUCKY NURSERYMEN IVHO RECEIVED
CERTIFICATES OF INSPECTION, 194546
Kind
Name Address Acreage of
Stock
Arterburn, Paul ................ St. Matthews 10 Ornamental
Barnett’s Nursery, '
A. E. Barnett ................ Murray % Ornamental
Bellefonte Nursery,
Orval Lycan .................. Ashland 5 Ornamental
Big Sandy Nursery,
W, S. Burris .................. Buchanan I/Q General
Blankenbeker, S. H. ........ Jeffersontown 3 Ornamental
Carter Nursery,
H. V. Pack ...................... Carter IA: General
Clark, Joe A. ...................... Webster I/2 Fruits
Clyifty Evergreen Gardens,
D. L. Parsons .................. Catlettsburg 1 Ornamental
Crawford, I. T. .................. Murray I Gladioli
Crume Nursery & Land-
scape Co., T. C. Crume.. Florence 40 General
Curry, J. G. ........................ Hawesville .... Sweetpotato plants
Dieterich & Brothers ........ Maysville 1 Ornamental

 14 Rzcunaromr BULLETIN No. 50
Dixie View Nursery,
A. L. Heger .................... Florence
P. O. Box 423 60 General
Dressman, J. A. ................ Covington .... Tulips
Durrett, Lydean ................ Louisville 2 General
Elizabethtown Florist
and Nursery .................. Elizabethtown M; General
Evans Brothers ........... ....... Christine B2 Fruits ‘
Evans Gardens .................. Lexington 1 Ornamental
Fike Nursery ...................... Hopkinsville 45 General
Gardiner, Boone Nur-
series, Dan Gardiner ...... Louisville, R. 7 10 General
Gramse Nursery ................ Paducah 5 General
Grant Gardens, Dr. Henry
Lee Grant ........................ Louisville 1 Ornamental
. Green River Home Nur-
sery, W. A. Sandefur .... Robards 10 General
Green, T. W. ...................... Bowling Green 4 General
Haag Nursery, R. L. Haag Jeffersontown 30 General
Highland Fruit Farm,
Truman Taylor .............. Waynesburg 1% Strawberry plants
Highland Place Nursery,
Mrs. Joseph Garrett .... Versailles 10 General
Hill’s Nursery .................... Warsaw 40 General
Hill, Tom ............................ Warsaw % General ·
Hillenmeyer Nurseries .... Lexington 260 General
Humphreys Landscape
Service,
` A. G. Hump