xt7z348gjj6x https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt7z348gjj6x/data/mets.xml The Kentucky Teachers Association The Kentucky Teachers Association 1953 1954 journals English The Kentucky Teachers Association Kentucky Negro Educational Association Journal African Americans -- Education -- Kentucky -- Periodicals The Kentucky Teachers Association (KTA) Journal, vol. 1, no. 2, December 1953-January 1954 text The complete set of originals are at Kentucky State University Library. The Kentucky Teachers Association (KTA) Journal, vol. 1, no. 2, December 1953-January 1954 1953 1953 1954 2021 true xt7z348gjj6x section xt7z348gjj6x "w, ., ., i, - . -.. ..-. ........—.~..
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‘4

VOL. I DECEMBER, 1953 — JANUARY, 1954 NO. 2

President C. L. Timberlake

And The New Modern Women's Dormitory at

West Kentucky Vocational School,
Paducah, Kentucky

Plan to Attend
The Kentucky Teachers Association
First Meeting at Louisville. Kentucky
78th Convention April 21. 22, 23, 1954

“An Equal Educational Opportunity for Every Kentucky Child"

LKentucky State College

Frankfort, Kentucky

Established 1886
A. B. and B. S. Degrees

.In Agriculture. Biology. Business Administration. Chemistry.
Commercial Teacher Education. Elementary Education.
English. French Language and Literature. General Science.
History and Government, Home Economics. Mathematics.
Music. Music Education. Physical and Health Education. Social

Science. Sociology and Economics. and Vocational and
Industrial Education.

Two-Year Trade Curricula
In Carpentry, 'Welding. Radio Repair, Poultry and Dairying.
Registration for Second Semester -— February 2. 1954

For Further Iniormation Write:

Dean David H. Bradford
Kentucky State College
Frantort. Kentucky

the

Lincoln

Institute
Lincoln Ridge, Kentucky

“A” Rated High School

Courses :

Regular High School Subiects
Vocations (Engineering. Bldg.
Trades. Home Economics and
Agriculture)

Pre-Nurse Training — Music
Commerce

A safe. healthy and friendly
home for any child.

The K.T.A. Journal
Vol. 1 December 1953 — January 1954 N0.

Published by the Kentucky Teachers' Association
Editorial Office at 1925 W. Madison Street
Louisville, Kentucky

Mrs. Anita W. Robinson, Executive Secretary, Louisville, Managing Editor
A. R. Lasley, Hopkinsville, President of K. T. A.

Atwood S. Wilson, Louisville, Associate Editor

Robert S. Lawery, Louisville, Assistant Editor and Business Manager
Whitney M. Young, Lincoln Ridge, Contributing Editor
Mrs. B. L. Douglas, Louisville, Contributing Editor

Published Bimonthly during the school year October, December, February
and April

PRICE $2.00 PER YEAR OR 50 CENTS PER COPY

Membership in the K. T. A. (Three Dollars) includes subscription to the
Journal

Rates for Advertising space mailed on request

Present Circulation, 2,000 Copies 1953 K. T. A. Membership 1400

CONTENTS

Editorial Comments

Democracy En—Route

The Loyality of the Negro

Future Teachers of America

K. T. A. Memberships

Why Join the N. E. A.
West Kentucky Vocational School Reports Progress
Negroes in “White” Colleges
Negro Women in Church Life
Negroes and Integrated Sports
The Problem of College Selection 11
K. T. A. Announcements .................................................. 13
K. T. A. Kullings .................................................... 14
How Is Your Mental Health? ............................................... 15
Doings in the District ..................................................... 16
The K.T.A. Honor Roll .................................................... 17
Goals for Centennial Action Program of the United Teaching Profession ....... 18
A Salute to Special Education ............................................. 18
Watch Those Mannerisms .. _ ..................................... 19
The Impending Supreme Court Decision .................................... 19

Editorial Comments

DEMOCRACY EN -ROUTE

This December, 1953, issue of the K.T.A. Journal includes articles that outline
the development of a general tendency to eliminate racial segregation in the
United States and describes the general movement toward integration, In the fields
of religion, education, athletics and housing there is evidence of distinct progress.

History has revealed that in general, segregation produces inequality and the
loss is generally on the side of the Negro. Segregation has produced inferior Negro
schools, poorer housing and mainly manual jobs of the domestic and personal
service type for the Negro. In addition, there is the stigma of separation and a
psychological consolation to some of the majority race to feel superior to the min—
ority race —— solely because of a lesser population ratio and the color of skin.

We note, with encouragement, that the Negro is now being judged in many
areas because of his ability, integrity and personality, This is especially true in
athletics. It is hoped that industry will soon follow the example of the major
leagues in baseball. We hope for the day when there will be no need for any
special agency to help secure people jobs in America because of their race.

The United States has to be a world example for fair play, justice ,and equal—
ity of opportunity — regardless of race, creed or color. The K.T.A. commends those
of our citizenry who are helping to keep “Democracy—En—Route”.

THE LOYALTY OF THE NEGRO

As teachers of Negro youth in Kentucky, it is worthwhile that we occassionally
remind them of the loyalty record of their race as revealed in a perusal of history.

There has been no record of a major kidnapping and never a murder of a
child held for ransom. It was a Negro who discovered the body of the Lindberg
baby. The recent cases that have alarmed our country seem not to involve Negroes.
The record, on the other hand, indicates that where Negroes have been employed
to care for children, that they have given them attention of a parental type. Their
loyality and general care of the children entrusted to them is a matter of record.

It is to be noted that in industry Negroes have not revealed secret informa—
tion to a foreign country. Treason has not been the crime of a Negro.

Records also indicate that no person of color has attempted to assasinate or
has assasinated a president of our country. On the other hand Negroes have had
long and enviable records as trusted messengers in our nation’s capitol.

As bank messengers, entrusted with large sums of money, the Negro has per-
formed above the average.

Major crimes such as bank robberies involving killing, train hold—ups, etc.,
might also be listed as areas in which Negroes have had little or no activity.

In all wars, despite segregation and inequalities of opportunity, the Negro has
served well. Records show honors bestowed upon them for bravery in protecting
the lives of their commanding officers.

Our youth should be urged to maintain this record, Let us teach our future
citizens to be loyal and trusted Americans. Our record should be maintained.

FUTURE TEACHERS OF AMERICA

Is there a F. T. A. Chapter in your high school or college? F. T. A. at Ken—
tucky State College is interested in planning ways for this group to work more
effectively in our state association. If there is a chapter in your school, write the
secretary and give your reaction to this tentative plan.

At the December 12 meeting the Board of Directors gave the “go ahead”
signal to the Kentucky State group. Meetings will be planned for the April Con—
vention. Student membership fees will also be set. May we hear about the F.T.A.
in your school?

K.T.A. MEMBERSHIPS

The Regular Membership Fee of the K.T.A. is $3.00 per year. Many teachers
have sent this fee for 1953—54. Those who have not done so should give their fees
to their principals to send it in a group. Superintendents, in the case of county
schools, should make out one check covering the county memberships 0r teachers
may send their fees directly as individuals.

We also have an Honor Membership Fee which is $4. 00 per year This extra
dolla1 has been ear— —marked for a scholarship loan fund for Kentucky youth and
also to finance recommendations of the K. T A. Legislative Committee About 50%
of fees already sent in have been Honor Membership Fees The membership fee
of the K.E.A. is $6.00 per teacher.Many states have fees ranging from $10.00 to
$14.00 per year. It is hoped that Kentucky teachers will see the wisdom of a
greater financial support of their State Association. Please support your profession
—- it supports you!

Those who are friends of education and those of allied professions such as the
ministers, social workers, workers in youth centers, and so forth are cordially
invited to enroll as Associate members. This membership fee is $1.50 per year.
Ministers who are religious educational instructors or those directing nursery
schools and librarians may enroll in the K.T.A. as Active members. Our member—
ship goal this year is 1,500, an increase of 100 over our 1953 enrollment.

Any teacher, superintendent, educational officer, whether white or Negro may
become an active member of the K.T.A. Our name has been changed so as to in-
lude persons of all races. Each enrollment helps to finance the K. T. A. Journal,
the annual convention program, and also supports legislation that will be conducive
to the general welfare of the teachers of Kentucky.

N. E. A. AND YOU

While attending the National Association of Secretaries of State Associations,
it was forcibly and urgently made clear to the members that progress in our pro-
fession will be achieved only through a strong program of unified action. This
type of action is more clearly expressed in the first three goals of the N.E.A. Cen-
tennial Action Program which are (1) an active democratic local education asso-
ciation in every community; (2) a stronger and more effective state education
association in every state and (3) a larger and more effective National Education
Association.

There are relatively few local units of our organization in Kentucky. The
establishment of such units must become one of the big goals for K. T. A. With
this in mind, district representatives and the Board of Directors took steps to get
such a program underway when they met in Louisville on December 12. Do you
have a local unit in your county or town?

K.T.A. is proud of its membership for 1952-53. To increase it in 1953—54 makes
stronger our program for the improvement of education in Kentucky and in .the
services we can render our members. Enroll early this year in our state organiza—
tion.

Do you belong to N.E.A.? Notable progress has been made in recent Years in
uniting the teaching profession, behind such tasks as research, public relations,
federal legislation, workshops for leaders, travel service and international services.
This has been accomplished through our National Education Association. Addi-
tional progress in these and other services depends upon the readiness of greater
numbers of teachers to join in the attack upon current educational problems. It
is your privilege and to your best professional interest to belong to the N.E.A.

Many of our Kentucky counties and independent districts at this time collect
unified dues — a single fee covering local, state and national. Even if your dis-
trict doesn’t have the unified fee, you can enroll in your professional organiza—
tions through the state secretary’s office. .

Francis Bacon said “I hold every man a debtor to his profession” .‘Are you
meeting your obligation? Join today -— KWTA and NWEA These are your profes-
sional organizations — they need you, you need them.

West Kentucky Vocational School
Reports Progress

Appearing on the cover page of this issue of the Iournal is the picture
of the new dormitory for women at West Kentucky Vocational Training
School at Paducah, Kentucky. President C. L. Timberlake and Business
Manager M. I. Sleet are to be congratulated for the excellent work they are
doing at the institution.

They have already prepared their budget request to be presented to the
state legislature for 1954—56. A total of $292,321.85 is being requested for
salaries and wages, instructional supplies and equipment, insurance,
needed operating equipment and operating cost. A legislative request of
$1,034,500.00 is to be presented to the Kentucky Building Commimssion for
such needed services as installation of a heating, a plumbing, and a water
system in some of the buildings, rewiring of all buildings to eliminate fire
hazards, installation ot tire-ﬁghting equipment, building of sidewalks, pur—
chasing of 8 lots adjoining school campus, general repairing of some build-
ings, landscaping new girls' dormitory and trimming trees on the entire
campus, building a new trades building.

Such monies as are requested are to cover necessary operational ex-
penses and needed improvments. These requests are deserving of the sup-

port ot the Kentucky Teachers' Association and all citizens interested in
an adequate program of education for Kentucky Youth.

THANKS FOR YOUR KINDNESS

When the Board of Directors, Department Heads and District representatives
met in Louisville on December 12, Mrs. Julia Russell and members of her Foods
Class at Central High School served delicious refreshments to the group. Our
thanks and appreciation are again expressed to Mrs. Russell and her girls. They
helped make our meeting quite a successful one.

Re—fuel and Refresh

at the familiar red-white-and-
blue Standard Oil Sign . . . the

sign of extra service!

STANDARD OIL COMPANY

(KENTUCKY)

Negroes in “White” Colleges

(By Lyman T. Johnson)

Since Negroes have been attending
northern, eastern and western colleges
for years, this discussion will have re—
ference to colleges in the south. It is
concerned more particularly with south-
ern colleges supported in the main or
in part by public funds and which were
formerly closed to Negroes. There will
be, however, some allusions to private
and church colleges in the south which
hetherto have excluded Negroes.

In order that our social order may
endure, certain fundamental principles
of a democracy must be restated, clari-
fied and adhered to by the body politic.
One of these concepts is that every one
will be taxed, Negroes none the less.
Every article that is sold bears some
kind of tax. The last purchaser pays the
tax. This is true regardless as to who
may be the instrumentality through
whom the revenue is relayed to the
state that the state may be able to per—
form its functions. One of these func—
tions is education. So when we speak of
publicly supported “white” colleges we
should immediately recognize a mis—
nomer, These colleges belong to the
people. They are “our” colleges.

Every citizen should be alert to see
that he receives due value for his con-
tribution toward the maintenance of
the state. Now, to be sure, most of our
southern “White” colleges are not the
equal of the colleges of the other sections
of our country. But they do represent
the best our southern states can (or do)
afford. Some of them do make credit—
able attempts at serious and worthwhile
education. With these facts given, it be-
hooves every Negro to be exposed to
the best kind of training available to
him if he would attempt to measure
shoulders in adult life with other Amer-
icans in a vicious, competitive society.
Without doubt, most of our Negro col—
leges have limited resources and cur—
tailed facilities. These limitations must

of necessity reflect themselves in the
variety and depth of educational offer—
ings extended to the students. This is
to disparage, not in the least, a single
one of our Negro colleges which have
done a glorious work over the years.
(Two of them have helped make me
what I am.) But when the “white” col—
leges exclude Negro students, these
students are deprived of the opportun—
ity of choosing the masters at whose
feet they may study. We cannot longer
permit this right to choose among the
colleges to be abridged, Whether mo-
tivated by geography, culture, econo—
mics or any other factor, the student in
a dynamic, progressive, free society
must be accorded this right. In this
connection is it regrettable that white
students were denied the opportunity
of studying at the feet of George Wash—
ington Carver at Tuskegee Institute.

However, a new day is dawning.
Negroes are now attending “white” col-
leges in Maryland, West Virginia, Miss-
ouri, Arkansas, Kentucky, Oklahoma,
Texas, Virginia, North Carolina, Ten-
nessee and Louisiana. In the near
future we shall observe the same situa-
tion in South Carolina, Georgia, Ala-
‘bama, Mississippi and Florida, It will
soon be so commonplace we shall take
it as a matter of course. But to make
the transition will require courage,
faith, industry and persistence. This
will be required of Negroes and whites
alike. '

Many Negroes will be apprehensive
lest they may lose some vested interest
in the present segregated arrangment.
This solicitude must be allayed. I enter-
tain a faith that in a truly democratic
society humanity will recognize worth
and will accord proper rewards for ex—
cellence in performance. Even at pres-
ent illustrations like Roy Campanella
and Junior Gilliam are becoming too
numerous more than to mention them.

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In the past it was logical for the white
immunity to register reluctance at giv—
ing equal recognition to Negroes, who,
in most cases, were products of admitt—
edly inferior schools and colleges. We
cannot even fancy now that we may
continue to live beyond the tracks in
inferior schools, homes and recreational
surroundings and overcome the damage
they work upon us by tapering off our
education in a “white” college or uni—
versity. The surest means of eradicating
skepticism on the part of whites as to
the worth of any individual is to pro-
vide for all individuals from the cradle
to the grave equality of opportunity to
develop their capacities freely and fully,
To be rational, however, we must not
expect entrance into “white” colleges—

or “white” anything — to remove all of
our individual frailities. Some of our
students will simply not qualify for
college life. When they fail, in fair com—
petition, to measure up to the standard,
they will have to adjust to circum—
stances more in keeping with their abil—
ities. That, too, is democracy.

We must, then, look courageously to
the new day when all our youth will
have a fair opportunity to develop
without the fetter of racial designation.
We seek a democratic way of life. Such
a life is abundant with golden oppor—
tunities; but its obligations are equal
in proportion, We are willing to pay the
price of living in a free society and the
greater the price we pay the more
abundantly we shall live,

12th and Chestnut Sts.

TEACHERS ARE WELCOME!

PEOPLE'S PHARMACY

Opposite the K.T.A. Convention Corner

Louisville, Ky.

Drugs and School Supplies

Compliments of

W. C. COCHRAN

Representative of
INTER-COLLEGIATE PRESS
AND
COLLEGIATE CAP & GOWN C0.
Publisher of Your Yearbooks

Manufacturer of Senior Invitations
and
Caps and Gowns

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Negro Women in Church Life

(By Mrs. Maude Brown-Porter)

More and more people are realizing
the important place the church has in
our lives today. If we could conceive of
a town or a city without a church, I
doubt seriously whether any of us would

want to live there. We connect ourselves
with a church because we desire that
Christian fellowship that can be had
only in public worship. ,

It is very gratifying to know that
Negro women are taking an active part
in the church, which is the greatest in—
stitution for good in the world today.
For many years there were those who
said that merely the housewife, the
domestics, and the older women were
active church members, Today, we find
women of all ages and in all walks of
life active members of the church. The
business and professional women are
realizing more and more that there is a
great joy, satisfaction, and peace of
mind which comes only by working ac—
tively with the church program. I am
sure it would be interesting to know the
exact number of our teachers in the
commonwealth of Kentucky, who are
not just members but active church
workers in the various denominations
making a definite contribution to the
church program.

Women have always worked in the
missionary society and the men think
of that organization as belonging to the
women. Today they are to be found on
various boards, and they head many of
the auxiliaries and special groups in the
church. Many women now are on the
trustee boards and make excellent trus—
tees. At one time only men were super-
intendents of Sunday schools, but today
hundreds of women serve as superin—
tendents and direct large, progressive
Sunday schools.

We can all remember when only men
were used as ushers in the church, In
many churches today the women have

almost taken over this phase of church
work. Since women far outnumber the
men in most churches, it is natural to
see them in many key positions in the
church work.

The National Council of Church
Women has committed itself to inte-
grating Negro women in its organiza—
tion and church life, For years our
church women in the north, east, and
west worked with other church women
in civic and church projects for the
betterment of their communities.

About eight years ago the Louisville
Council of Church Women by order of
the National Council invited Negro
church women from the various deno-
minations to come into their council
and became members of the board.
These women were selected by the min-
isters of the various denominations,
who selected one of the best to repres-
ent the denomination on the board. All
members of the council were not pleas—
ed with the presence of Negro women
but accepted them. At the election of
officers, one Negro woman was elected
as vice president. Christianity began to
have its effect and a very fine Christian
fellowship soon developed. Today our
church women serve on all committees
and share in the planning of special
occasions, such as, World Community
Day, May Fellowship, and the World
Day of Prayer.

The speakers bureau is composed of
women of both races. These speakers
appear at various churches upon call
with two or four speakers on the pro-
gram. Always the group is interracial.
These speakers have appeared in
churches in all sections of Louisville.

The same situation exists in the Ken-
tucky Council of Church Women. Here
women of both races hold offices, meet
and work on committees together for
the good of all. State meetings are not
held in any town or church where there

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will be any embarrassment for any of
the council members.

In the National Council of Church
Women a large number of our church
women from all states of the union take
a very active part in the national pro—
gram. In October the ‘National Assem—
bly‘ of United Church Women” was held
at Atlantic City, New Jersey. Twelve
years ago in December, 1941, a small
group of Christian women met to dis—
cuss what they could accomplish, if
they banded themselves together with
a common purpose. Today that little
group has grown to over a million
members, and our women from the
various denominations are well repres—
ented.

Negro women serve on the Executive
Committee and Board of Managers.
They also work with the Christian Soci—
al Relations, Christian World Relations,
and Christian World Missions. Our own
Mrs, Abbie Clement Jackson serves on
the Board, and she was elected as one
of the vice presidents when the Nation-
al Council of Churches of Christ in
America was set up and held this office
with distinction for two years. At the
meeting in Atlantic City, Mrs, Jackson
was made chairman of the Educatiinal
Committee, which is one of the most
important committees At this same
meeting Mrs. Charles S. Johnson, wife

Fourth District Reports

The Annual Meeting was opened with
the Vice President, Mr. J. V. Robinson,
Elizabethtown, presiding. Mr. R. L.
Livers, Principal of Bloomfield School
and President of the District, extended
greetings and delivered the President’s
Annual address. Following this general
session, the various departments met
and their discussions were on the
theme: “Developing Moral and Spiritu—
al Values”.

President R. B. Atwood, Kentucky
State College, spoke in the afternoon
concerning the Minimum Foundation
Program. It was mainly on the basis of

of the distinguished president of Fisk
University, was elected to her first term
as one of the vice presidents. On the
committee to welcome President Eisen—
hower was placed one of our church
women, Mrs. Rossie T. Hollis of Okla—
homa. Mrs. Rose Page Welch, a sweet
singer, who has travelled as an ambas-
sador of peace and good will went to
India, China, Japan, Africa, and the Is—
lands of the Sea, led groups in fervent
singing and was soloist at several ses—
sions. Many other women of our vari—
ous denominations are serving with
honor and credit to themselves on all
committees.

It is important that more people be
led to believe in the church and' our
women have committed themselves to
the task. All church women are being
awakened to the need of living in
Christian fellowship with people of all
nations, The church women have com—
mitted themselves to the task of help—
ing to bring about peace, To do this
we must have better homes, better
schools, and stronger churches, not only
in America, but in all countries of the
world, There is a great message of
Christianity to be carried through mis—
sionaries, teachers, and ministers. Our
church women will be found doing their
part in all church programs for a better
way of life.

his address that the Fourth District
joined with other districts in support—
ing, wholeheartedly, the Minimum
Foundation Program.

GORDON ’S SUPER MARKET
16th and Chestnut Streets
Louisville, Kentucky

FRANCES BEAUTY SALON

932 South Preston Street
Amherst 9278
Louisville, Kentucky

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Negroes and Integrated Sports

(By W. L. Kean)

Regardless of the outcome of the
pending momentous supreme court de—
cision on the legality of segrated schools
as maintained in southern communities
and definite trends pointing toward
the complete collapse of the once vauled
“dual system,” integration, once con—
fined to specific isolated areas, of our
American life, is here to stay. Like the
proverbial snow ball it is gaining mo—
mentum as it rolls along, Particularly is
this true in the area of sports, the first
vintage point for an integrated democ—
racy at work. Admittedly, there are
many and varied forces constanty at
work, each in its own way influencing
thought and action toward this common
goal and without which final and ul—
timate success is delayed.

So much has been written and spoken
about the Negro in major league base—
ball that it would be difficult to find
a single adolescent boy or girl who is
not aware of the opportunities awaiting
the skilled Negro performer in baseball,
particularly, and in all realms of sports.
To attempt to cover the 29 leagues and
the more than 1,000 teams constituting
organized baseball or even to point out
the clubs holding contracts of Negro
players would require for more time
and space than that which is allotted.
Nevertheless, it was a long wait from
1839 when Abner Doubleday of Coop—
erstown, N. Y., is supposed to have
started the ball and base running com-
bination which we now call baseball to
1947 when Branch Rickey called Jackie
Robinson from the Montreal Club to
the Brooklyn Dodgers to become the
first Negro to play in the major leagues.

Robinson paved the way for hundreds
of other boys of color, the most recent,
James “Junior” Gilliam, a teammate,
won the distinction of being the Nation—
al League “1953 Rookie of the year” an
honor Robinson himself once had. The
full import of the signing of Robinson

was not at first felt. Incidents on and
off the field, travel and hotel difficul—
ties, anonymous letters and the like —
all these made even the most enthusias—
tic supporter view with alarm this
“noble experiment.” Skeptics began to
ponder the question, “Could integra-
tion work even in such a great and
popular American sport as baseball?”
It was pointed out that in the early
athletic history after the civil war,
many white and colored teams and in-
dividuals met on the field of sports.
Then came a period of cessation of con-
tracts until seldom did Negro and white
teams play together, especially in base-
ball.

Was the Jackie Robinson episode to
have a similar ending? One need but
look at the roster of several major
league clubs to find the answer. The
New York Giants list Willie Mays sen-
saition outfielder in ’52, Monte Irvin,
Henry “Hank” Thompson, Rube Gon-
nez and Ray Noble. .

The White Sox roster includes Bobby
Boyd, Connie Johnson, Arestes “Min-
nie” Minose. The Cleveland Indians
string along with Larry Doby, Luke
Easter, Henry “Suitcase” Simpson, and
Dave Hoskins_ The Milwaukee Braves
have George Crume, Bill Brutum and
Jim Pendleton,

Even the world champion New York
Yankees finally broke their color line,
calling up their star outfielder Elston
Howard and Vic Power from the Kan-
sas City farm team of the American
Association. Gabe Paul, general man-
ager of the Cincinnati Reds, admitted
his club would like to have Power, the
23—year—old’American Association bart-
ting champion. “The time is ripe for
the appearance of a top flight Negro
player at Crosley field,” Paul said, “and
Power seems to be the man for the spot.
To explore the achievements of Jackie
Robinson, Don Newcomb, Satchel Paige,

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Roy Campanella, and Joe Black at this
time would add little to the fact that
Negroes are integrated in the major
leagues. That Negro players are being
accepted generally is evidenced by a re—
cent announcement that three southern
ball clubs have signed eleven Negro
players. Recently, James and Leander
Tugerson signed by the Hot Springs
(Arkansas) Batrhers of the Cotton State
League, were banned from playing in
Mississippi, home of four of the eight
teams in the league, A crowd of 15,000
Mississippi fans, however, who wanted
to see Tugerson pitch, roundly booed
when the game was forfeited to Jack—
son_

In the Piedmont League, the Ports—
mouth Merrimacs became the first Vir—
ginia club to hire Negroes, while in the
class A South Atlantic League, a Flori—
da team signed two Negro players.
Larry Gilbert of Nashville Vols, South-
ern Association, has repeatedly an-
nounced his wilingness to play Negro
players. These acts are future evidence
of the acceptance of Negro players.

But we need not confine our discus—
sion to baseball for other major sports
have integrated teams. The professional
football leagues have for a long time
used Negro players, Ink Williams and
Fritz Pollard of Brown were selected
on Walter Camp’s All American 1916
team, John Shelbourne of Darmouth,
and Paul Robeson of Rutgers were the
first Negro professional football players,

The weekly achievements of Bill
Willis, Horace Gilliam, Len Ford, and
Marian Motley, of the Cleveland
Browns, are well—known. The San
Francisco Rams depend heavily on
Deacon Don Towler and Frank Young—
er while the 49’ers Joe Perry leads the
league ground gainers. Our own Willie
Carter, a former Central High and
Tennessee State star broke into profes—
sional ball by way of the Cleveland
Browns and is now with the Chicago
Cardinals.

. In basketball, suffice it to say, Don
Barksdale, University of California

star, was the only Negro to make the
American olympic team. The Negroes
mastery in track and boxing is without
parallel They have held more records
and championships in these sports than
any other group.

What can our school administrators
gleam from these facts? First, and fore-
most, that vocational opportunities for
those skilled in sports await the suc-
cessful performer in areas heretofore
closed to him, Secondly, that practically
everyone of the above named athletes
gained experience, knowledge, and basic
skills in his chosen activity while play-
ing on a second team, Finally what has
the in